BACKGROUND:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a multi-cause,multi-stage and multi-focus process of tumor progression.Its prognosis is poor and early diagnosis is of utmost importance.This study was und...BACKGROUND:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a multi-cause,multi-stage and multi-focus process of tumor progression.Its prognosis is poor and early diagnosis is of utmost importance.This study was undertaken to investigate the dynamic expression of oncofetal antigen glypican-3 (GPC-3) and GPC-3 mRNA in hepatocarcinogenesis and to explore their early diagnostic value for HCC.METHODS:A hepatoma model was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with 0.05% 2-fluorenylacetamide and confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) expression.Total RNA was purified and transcribed into cDNA by reverse transcription.Fragments of the GPC-3 gene were amplified by nested RT-PCR,and confirmed by sequencing.GPC-3 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry,Western blotting or ELISA.RESULTS:Positive GPC-3 expression showed as brown granule-like staining localized in the cytoplasm.Histological examination of hepatocytes revealed three morphological stages of granule-like degeneration,atypical hyperplasia (precancerous),and cancer formation,with a progressive increase of liver total RNA and GGT expression.The incidence of liver GPC-3 mRNA and GPC-3,and serum GPC-3 was 100%,100% and 77.8% in the HCC group,100%,100%,and 66.7% in the precancerous group,83.3%,83.3%,and 38.9% in the degeneration group,and no expression in the liver or blood of the control group,respectively.There was a positive correlation between liver GPC-3 mRNA and total RNA level (r=0.475,P<0.05) or liver GPC-3 (r=1.0,P<0.001) or serum GPC-3 (r= 0.994,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Abnormal oncofetal antigen GPC-3 and GPC-3 mRNA expression in hepatocarcinogenesis may be promising molecular markers for early diagnosis of HCC.展开更多
AIM To study the relationship between pre-formation of gallstone and the kinetics and ultra-structure of sphincter of Oddi.METHODS Adult female rabbits were used anddivided into 3 groups,and fed with either normalor h...AIM To study the relationship between pre-formation of gallstone and the kinetics and ultra-structure of sphincter of Oddi.METHODS Adult female rabbits were used anddivided into 3 groups,and fed with either normalor high cholesterol diet for four or eight weeks.Each group contained eight rabbits.Themanometry of sphincter of Oddi,biliarycineradiography,gallbladder volumemeasurement and ultrastructure observationunder electron microscope were performed.RESULTS In groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ,the basalpressure in low-pressure ampulla or highpressure zone of sphincter of Oddi waselevated,the amplitude of phasic contractionwas decreased and the volume of gallbladderwere increased,with a significant difference(P【0.01)from those of control.Gallstones werefound in group Ⅱ rabbits(7/8).Undercineradiography,low-pressure ampulla showeda spasmodic status without apparent peristalticcontraction.Under electron microscope,insidethe muscular cells of sphincter of Oddi,loosening of microfilament and swelling ofplasmosomes which congregated at the top wereobserved.The amount showed no obviouschange under nitric oxide synthase(NOS)stain.CONCLUSION Twisting of the microfilamentand disarrangement of kink macula densa insidethe muscular ceils suggested that the sphincterof Oddi was under spasmodic status.Theimpaired diastolic function caused andaggravated the stasis of cystic bile.Theswelling plasmosome could be one of theimportant factors in elevating the tonic pressureof sphincter of Oddi.展开更多
Familial intrahepatic cholestasis(FIC) comprises a group of rare cholestatic liver diseases associated with canalicular transport defects resulting predominantly from mutations in ATP8B1, ABCB11 and ABCB4. Phe-notypes...Familial intrahepatic cholestasis(FIC) comprises a group of rare cholestatic liver diseases associated with canalicular transport defects resulting predominantly from mutations in ATP8B1, ABCB11 and ABCB4. Phe-notypes range from benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis(BRIC), associated with recurrent cholestatic attacks, to progressive FIC(PFIC). Patients often suffer from severe pruritus and eventually progressive cholestasis results in liver failure. Currently, first-line treatment includes ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with ABCB4 deficiency(PFIC3) and partial biliary diversion in patients with ATP8B1 or ABCB11 deficiency(PFIC1 and PFIC2). When treatment fails, liver transplantation is needed which is associated with complications like rejection, post-transplant hepatic steatosis and recurrence of disease. Therefore, the need for more and better therapies for this group of chronic diseases remains. Here, we discuss new symptomatic treatment options like total biliary diversion, pharmacological diversion of bile acids and hepatocyte transplantation. Furthermore, we focus on emerging mutation-targeted therapeutic strategies, providing an outlook for future personalized treatment for inherited cholestatic liver diseases.展开更多
Ternary complexes of terbium with ortho (and pam) aminobenzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline were introduced into silica gel by the sol-gel method. The luminescence behavior of the solid-state samples was studied durin...Ternary complexes of terbium with ortho (and pam) aminobenzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline were introduced into silica gel by the sol-gel method. The luminescence behavior of the solid-state samples was studied during the sol-gel aging process by means of emission. excitation spectra, lifetimes and quantum efficiencies.展开更多
AIM To investigate and compare the effects of tocotrienol and omeprazole on gastric growth factors in rats exposed to water-immersion restraint stress(WIRS).METHODS Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly assigned...AIM To investigate and compare the effects of tocotrienol and omeprazole on gastric growth factors in rats exposed to water-immersion restraint stress(WIRS).METHODS Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of seven rats. The two control groups were administered vitamin-free palm oil(vehicle) and the two treatment groups were given omeprazole(20 mg/kg) or tocotrienol(60 mg/kg) by oral gavage. After 28 d of treatment, rats from one control group and both treated groups were subjected to WIRS one time for 3.5 h. Gastric lesions were measured and gastric tissues were obtained to measure vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), epidermal growth factor(EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor(b FGF), and transforming growth factor-alpha(TGF-α) m RNA expression. RESULTS Rats exposed to WIRS for 3.5 h demonstrated the presence of considerable ulcers in the form of gastric erosion. The lesion index in the stressed control(S) group was increased(P < 0.001) compared to the tocotrienol treated and omeprazole treated groups. Stress led to a decrease in gastric VEGF(P < 0.001), b FGF(P < 0.001) and TGF-α(P < 0.001) m RNA levels and caused an increase in EGF m RNA(P < 0.001) that was statistically significant compared to the nonstressed control group. Although both treatment agents exerted similar ulcer reducing ability, only treatment with tocotrienol led to increased expression of VEGF(P = 0.008), b FGF(P = 0.001) and TGF-α(P = 0.002) m RNA.CONCLUSION Tocotrienol provides gastroprotective effects in WIRSinduced ulcers. Compared to omeprazole, tocotrienol exerts a similar protective effect, albeit through multiple mechanisms of protection, particularly through up-regulation of growth factors that assist in repair of gastric tissue injuries.展开更多
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancrea tography(ERCP) is the most complex gastrointestinal procedure,which needs patients' cooperation. The aim of this study was to observe the quality and safey of sedation with p...Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancrea tography(ERCP) is the most complex gastrointestinal procedure,which needs patients' cooperation. The aim of this study was to observe the quality and safey of sedation with propofol in patients undergoing therapeutic ERCP. METHODS:Seventy patients who had undergone therapeutic ERCP were randomly divided into two groups.One group, given intravenously propofol, and the other sedated with routine method, served as the control. Blood pressure, heart rate,oxygen saturation were monitored and cardiorespiratory event was observed. Patient cooperation,performance, recovery time and amnesia served as variables postoperation. RESULTS:Blood pressure elevated in four patients in the propofol group, less than in the control group(P<0.01). Seven patients showed decreased blood pressure after administration of propofol,but none in the control group (P<0.01). Twelve patients in the control group showed mild or significant resistance, but none in the propofol group (P<0.01). The time for performance in the propofol group(P<0.05) was shorter than in the control group. Patient recovery was quicker in the propofol group than in the control group (P<0.01). The degree of amnesia better in the propofol group than in the control group ( P<0.01). The degree of amnesia was also better in the propofol group than in the control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Propofol proves to be an excellent sedative for therapeutic ERCP. Being effective and safe, it shows a shorter ERCP duration but quick recovery and better amnesia. It is better than other routine sedatives.展开更多
Through the reduction of [AuCl4] by aqueous sodium borohydride in the presence of 9-(5-thiopentyl)-carbazole, the gold nanoparticles has been prepared and characterized.
IN recent years, studies on nitrogen compounds have been widely carried out by overseas schol-are, and achievements have been obtained spec1ally in the application of carbazoles to thestudy of hydrocarbon migration. B...IN recent years, studies on nitrogen compounds have been widely carried out by overseas schol-are, and achievements have been obtained spec1ally in the application of carbazoles to thestudy of hydrocarbon migration. But in China, few people work on this research area.展开更多
Objective:To determine lead level primarily in Culex quinquefasciatus(Cx.quinquefasciatus), and Culex gelidus(Cx.gelidus) larvae inhabiting lead consuming factories,and to putatively estimate eco-toxicological impact ...Objective:To determine lead level primarily in Culex quinquefasciatus(Cx.quinquefasciatus), and Culex gelidus(Cx.gelidus) larvae inhabiting lead consuming factories,and to putatively estimate eco-toxicological impact of effluents from the firms.Methods:Third instars larvae were sampled by standard dipping method and lead concentrations in the larvae and their respective surrounding factory aquatic environments were determined through standard atomic absorption spectrophotometry(AAS).Results:Cx.quinquefasciatus was the most abundant species followed by Cx.gelidus.The levels of lead were higher in the Cx.quinquefasciatus(1.08-47.47μg/g),than in the wastewaters surface(0.01-0.78 μg/mL) from the factories or closer areas around factories. Other species were not reaching the.criteria for lead determination.Conclusions:The Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae can bio-accumulate the metal and can potentially serve as a biomarker of lead contamination,to complemente conventional techniques.展开更多
基金supported by grants-in-aid from the Projects of Medical Science (H200925)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China (BK2008187)
文摘BACKGROUND:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a multi-cause,multi-stage and multi-focus process of tumor progression.Its prognosis is poor and early diagnosis is of utmost importance.This study was undertaken to investigate the dynamic expression of oncofetal antigen glypican-3 (GPC-3) and GPC-3 mRNA in hepatocarcinogenesis and to explore their early diagnostic value for HCC.METHODS:A hepatoma model was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with 0.05% 2-fluorenylacetamide and confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) expression.Total RNA was purified and transcribed into cDNA by reverse transcription.Fragments of the GPC-3 gene were amplified by nested RT-PCR,and confirmed by sequencing.GPC-3 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry,Western blotting or ELISA.RESULTS:Positive GPC-3 expression showed as brown granule-like staining localized in the cytoplasm.Histological examination of hepatocytes revealed three morphological stages of granule-like degeneration,atypical hyperplasia (precancerous),and cancer formation,with a progressive increase of liver total RNA and GGT expression.The incidence of liver GPC-3 mRNA and GPC-3,and serum GPC-3 was 100%,100% and 77.8% in the HCC group,100%,100%,and 66.7% in the precancerous group,83.3%,83.3%,and 38.9% in the degeneration group,and no expression in the liver or blood of the control group,respectively.There was a positive correlation between liver GPC-3 mRNA and total RNA level (r=0.475,P<0.05) or liver GPC-3 (r=1.0,P<0.001) or serum GPC-3 (r= 0.994,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Abnormal oncofetal antigen GPC-3 and GPC-3 mRNA expression in hepatocarcinogenesis may be promising molecular markers for early diagnosis of HCC.
文摘AIM To study the relationship between pre-formation of gallstone and the kinetics and ultra-structure of sphincter of Oddi.METHODS Adult female rabbits were used anddivided into 3 groups,and fed with either normalor high cholesterol diet for four or eight weeks.Each group contained eight rabbits.Themanometry of sphincter of Oddi,biliarycineradiography,gallbladder volumemeasurement and ultrastructure observationunder electron microscope were performed.RESULTS In groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ,the basalpressure in low-pressure ampulla or highpressure zone of sphincter of Oddi waselevated,the amplitude of phasic contractionwas decreased and the volume of gallbladderwere increased,with a significant difference(P【0.01)from those of control.Gallstones werefound in group Ⅱ rabbits(7/8).Undercineradiography,low-pressure ampulla showeda spasmodic status without apparent peristalticcontraction.Under electron microscope,insidethe muscular cells of sphincter of Oddi,loosening of microfilament and swelling ofplasmosomes which congregated at the top wereobserved.The amount showed no obviouschange under nitric oxide synthase(NOS)stain.CONCLUSION Twisting of the microfilamentand disarrangement of kink macula densa insidethe muscular ceils suggested that the sphincterof Oddi was under spasmodic status.Theimpaired diastolic function caused andaggravated the stasis of cystic bile.Theswelling plasmosome could be one of theimportant factors in elevating the tonic pressureof sphincter of Oddi.
文摘Familial intrahepatic cholestasis(FIC) comprises a group of rare cholestatic liver diseases associated with canalicular transport defects resulting predominantly from mutations in ATP8B1, ABCB11 and ABCB4. Phe-notypes range from benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis(BRIC), associated with recurrent cholestatic attacks, to progressive FIC(PFIC). Patients often suffer from severe pruritus and eventually progressive cholestasis results in liver failure. Currently, first-line treatment includes ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with ABCB4 deficiency(PFIC3) and partial biliary diversion in patients with ATP8B1 or ABCB11 deficiency(PFIC1 and PFIC2). When treatment fails, liver transplantation is needed which is associated with complications like rejection, post-transplant hepatic steatosis and recurrence of disease. Therefore, the need for more and better therapies for this group of chronic diseases remains. Here, we discuss new symptomatic treatment options like total biliary diversion, pharmacological diversion of bile acids and hepatocyte transplantation. Furthermore, we focus on emerging mutation-targeted therapeutic strategies, providing an outlook for future personalized treatment for inherited cholestatic liver diseases.
文摘Ternary complexes of terbium with ortho (and pam) aminobenzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline were introduced into silica gel by the sol-gel method. The luminescence behavior of the solid-state samples was studied during the sol-gel aging process by means of emission. excitation spectra, lifetimes and quantum efficiencies.
基金Supported by Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Research Fund,No.UKM-DLP-066-2011 and No.FF-032-2012
文摘AIM To investigate and compare the effects of tocotrienol and omeprazole on gastric growth factors in rats exposed to water-immersion restraint stress(WIRS).METHODS Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of seven rats. The two control groups were administered vitamin-free palm oil(vehicle) and the two treatment groups were given omeprazole(20 mg/kg) or tocotrienol(60 mg/kg) by oral gavage. After 28 d of treatment, rats from one control group and both treated groups were subjected to WIRS one time for 3.5 h. Gastric lesions were measured and gastric tissues were obtained to measure vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), epidermal growth factor(EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor(b FGF), and transforming growth factor-alpha(TGF-α) m RNA expression. RESULTS Rats exposed to WIRS for 3.5 h demonstrated the presence of considerable ulcers in the form of gastric erosion. The lesion index in the stressed control(S) group was increased(P < 0.001) compared to the tocotrienol treated and omeprazole treated groups. Stress led to a decrease in gastric VEGF(P < 0.001), b FGF(P < 0.001) and TGF-α(P < 0.001) m RNA levels and caused an increase in EGF m RNA(P < 0.001) that was statistically significant compared to the nonstressed control group. Although both treatment agents exerted similar ulcer reducing ability, only treatment with tocotrienol led to increased expression of VEGF(P = 0.008), b FGF(P = 0.001) and TGF-α(P = 0.002) m RNA.CONCLUSION Tocotrienol provides gastroprotective effects in WIRSinduced ulcers. Compared to omeprazole, tocotrienol exerts a similar protective effect, albeit through multiple mechanisms of protection, particularly through up-regulation of growth factors that assist in repair of gastric tissue injuries.
文摘Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancrea tography(ERCP) is the most complex gastrointestinal procedure,which needs patients' cooperation. The aim of this study was to observe the quality and safey of sedation with propofol in patients undergoing therapeutic ERCP. METHODS:Seventy patients who had undergone therapeutic ERCP were randomly divided into two groups.One group, given intravenously propofol, and the other sedated with routine method, served as the control. Blood pressure, heart rate,oxygen saturation were monitored and cardiorespiratory event was observed. Patient cooperation,performance, recovery time and amnesia served as variables postoperation. RESULTS:Blood pressure elevated in four patients in the propofol group, less than in the control group(P<0.01). Seven patients showed decreased blood pressure after administration of propofol,but none in the control group (P<0.01). Twelve patients in the control group showed mild or significant resistance, but none in the propofol group (P<0.01). The time for performance in the propofol group(P<0.05) was shorter than in the control group. Patient recovery was quicker in the propofol group than in the control group (P<0.01). The degree of amnesia better in the propofol group than in the control group ( P<0.01). The degree of amnesia was also better in the propofol group than in the control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Propofol proves to be an excellent sedative for therapeutic ERCP. Being effective and safe, it shows a shorter ERCP duration but quick recovery and better amnesia. It is better than other routine sedatives.
基金the Major State Basic Research Development Program the National Natural Science Foundation of China (29631030).
文摘Through the reduction of [AuCl4] by aqueous sodium borohydride in the presence of 9-(5-thiopentyl)-carbazole, the gold nanoparticles has been prepared and characterized.
文摘IN recent years, studies on nitrogen compounds have been widely carried out by overseas schol-are, and achievements have been obtained spec1ally in the application of carbazoles to thestudy of hydrocarbon migration. But in China, few people work on this research area.
文摘Objective:To determine lead level primarily in Culex quinquefasciatus(Cx.quinquefasciatus), and Culex gelidus(Cx.gelidus) larvae inhabiting lead consuming factories,and to putatively estimate eco-toxicological impact of effluents from the firms.Methods:Third instars larvae were sampled by standard dipping method and lead concentrations in the larvae and their respective surrounding factory aquatic environments were determined through standard atomic absorption spectrophotometry(AAS).Results:Cx.quinquefasciatus was the most abundant species followed by Cx.gelidus.The levels of lead were higher in the Cx.quinquefasciatus(1.08-47.47μg/g),than in the wastewaters surface(0.01-0.78 μg/mL) from the factories or closer areas around factories. Other species were not reaching the.criteria for lead determination.Conclusions:The Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae can bio-accumulate the metal and can potentially serve as a biomarker of lead contamination,to complemente conventional techniques.
