Sweetpotato varieties with high carotene content have high value for human health. This work aims to improve the breeding efficiency of special varieties with high carotene content by combining molecular markers and a...Sweetpotato varieties with high carotene content have high value for human health. This work aims to improve the breeding efficiency of special varieties with high carotene content by combining molecular markers and agronomic traits to evaluate and screen the parents. The cluster analysis was carried out to identify and screen promising parents by utilizing phenotypic results of the agronomic and characteristic traits, and RAPD and ISSR markers of 15 parents and their offspring by group crossing. Among different parental materials, greater variations were observed in two important traits, the carotene content and the storage root yield. Negative correlation was found between the carotene content and both fresh and dried root yields. The most significant positive correlation was between the carotene content of parents and that of their offspring, with the coefficient of correlation value of 0.7932＊＊. The relationship based on the agronomic characters of the trial materials was not in agreement with the known genealogy, while that based on the molecular marker data showed better result. Each primer amplified 13.8 bands oflSSR markers on average, in which the rate of polymorphic loci was 89.6%. 9.4 bands of RAPD markers were arnplified per primer, in which the rate of polymorphic bands was 74.46%. Large genetic variation of carotene content was found among the parents. For analyzing the genetic diversity of sweetpotato, the molecular marker methods were better than morphological traits; ISSR markers were more efficient than RAPD markers. The combination of molecular markers and agronomic trait analysis may provide valuable theoretic basis for selection of parents to breed new varieties with high carotene content.展开更多
AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy in patients undergoing laparoscopic total gastrectomy(LTG) for gastric cancer.METHODS: A retrospective review of 81 consecutive patients who...AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy in patients undergoing laparoscopic total gastrectomy(LTG) for gastric cancer.METHODS: A retrospective review of 81 consecutive patients who underwent LTG with the same surgical team between November 2007 and July 2014 was performed. Four types of intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy using staplers or hand-sewn suturing were performed after LTG. Data on clinicopatholgoical characteristics, occurrence of complications, postoperative recovery, anastomotic time, and operation time among the surgical groups were obtained through medical records.RESULTS: The average operation time was 288.7 min, the average anastomotic time was 54.3 min, and the average estimated blood loss was 82.7 m L. There were no cases of conversion to open surgery. The first flatus was observed around 3.7 d, while the liquid diet was started, on average, from 4.9 d. The average postoperative hospital stay was 10.1 d. Postoperative complications occurred in 14 patients, nearly 17.3%.However, there were no cases of postoperative death.CONCLUSION: LTG performed with intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy using laparoscopic staplers or hand-sewn suturing is feasible and safe. The surgical results were acceptable from the perspective of minimal invasiveness.展开更多
The success of the Green Revolution largely relies on fertilizers, and a new Green Revolution is very much needed to use fertilizers more economically and efficiently, as well as with more environmental responsibility...The success of the Green Revolution largely relies on fertilizers, and a new Green Revolution is very much needed to use fertilizers more economically and efficiently, as well as with more environmental responsibility. The use efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is controlled by complex gene networks that co-ordinate uptake, re-distribution, assimilation, and storage of these nutrients. Great progress has been made in breeding nutrient-efficient crops by molecularly engineering root traits desirable for efficient acquisition of nutrients from soil, transporters for uptake, redistribution and homeostasis of nutrients, and enzymes for efficient assimilation. Regulatory and transcription factors modulating these processes are also valuable in breeding crops with improved nutrient use efficiency and yield performance.展开更多
Alloying is one of the most effective means to confer superior properties to metal materials.For far too long,conventional W-based alloys were generally improved by the addition of minor elements.The exploitation of c...Alloying is one of the most effective means to confer superior properties to metal materials.For far too long,conventional W-based alloys were generally improved by the addition of minor elements.The exploitation of conventional W-based alloy is restricted to the corner of multielement phase diagrams with tiny compositional space.High-entropy alloys(HEAs)are a novel kind of alloys consisting of multi-principal alloying elements(usually more than 4)and have attracted increasing attention,since they were first reported in 2004.The emergence of HEAs filled the gap of the unexplored central region of multielement phase diagrams.Among them,tungsten-containing HEAs(TCHEAs)exhibit excellent mechanical properties,especially at extraordinarily elevated temperatures.Moreover,recent studies showed that TCHEAs had outstanding irradiation resistance properties.TCHEAs might serve as a promising candidate for plasma-facing materials in the fusion reactor.Many characteristics of TCHEAs are different from other HEAs due to the addition of tungsten with ultrahigh-melting temperature.Here,this paper aimed to introduce the manufacturing routes of TCHEAs;review the phase selection,mechanical properties,and irradiation resistance properties of TCHEAs;and propose the future prospects of TCHEAs.展开更多
Additional sex combs-like 1(ASXL1)interacts with BRCA1-associated protein 1(BAP1)deubiquitinase to oppose the polycomb repressive complex 1(PRC1)-mediated histone H2A ubiquitylation.Germline BAP1 mutations are found i...Additional sex combs-like 1(ASXL1)interacts with BRCA1-associated protein 1(BAP1)deubiquitinase to oppose the polycomb repressive complex 1(PRC1)-mediated histone H2A ubiquitylation.Germline BAP1 mutations are found in a spectrum of human malignancies,while ASXL1 mutations recurrently occur in myeloid neoplasm and are associated with poor prognosis.Nearly all ASXL1 mutations are heterozygous frameshift or nonsense mutations in the middle or to a less extent the C-terminal region,resulting in the production of C-terminally truncated mutant ASXL1 proteins.How ASXL1 regulates specific target genes and how the C-terminal truncation of ASXL1 promotes leukemogen-esis are unclear.Here,we report that ASXL1 interacts with forkhead transcription factors FOXK1 and FOXK2 to regulate a subset of FOXK1/K2 target genes.We show that the C-terminally truncated mutant ASXL1 proteins are expressed at much higher levels than the wild-type protein in ASXL1 heterozygous leukemia cells,and lose the ability to interact with FOXK1/K2.Specific deletion of the mutant allele eliminates the expression of C-termi-nally truncated ASXL1 and increases the association of wild-type ASXL1 with BAP1,thereby restoring the expression of BAP1-ASXL1-FOXK1/K2 target genes,particularly those involved in glucose metabolism,oxygen sensing,and JAK-STAT3 signaling pathways.In addition to FOXK1/K2,we also identify other DNA-bind-ing transcription regulators including transcription factors(TFs)which interact with wild-type ASXL1,but not C-terminally truncated mutant.Our results suggest that ASXL1 mutations result in neomorphic alleles that contribute to leukemogenesis at least in part through dominantly inhibiting the wild-type ASXL1 from interacting with BAP1 and thereby impairing the function of ASXL1-BAP1-TF in regulating target genes and leukemia cell growth.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China(2006BAD01A06)the Program of Introducing International Super Agricultural Science and Technology of China (2006G21)the Funds of HarvestPlus, China
文摘Sweetpotato varieties with high carotene content have high value for human health. This work aims to improve the breeding efficiency of special varieties with high carotene content by combining molecular markers and agronomic traits to evaluate and screen the parents. The cluster analysis was carried out to identify and screen promising parents by utilizing phenotypic results of the agronomic and characteristic traits, and RAPD and ISSR markers of 15 parents and their offspring by group crossing. Among different parental materials, greater variations were observed in two important traits, the carotene content and the storage root yield. Negative correlation was found between the carotene content and both fresh and dried root yields. The most significant positive correlation was between the carotene content of parents and that of their offspring, with the coefficient of correlation value of 0.7932＊＊. The relationship based on the agronomic characters of the trial materials was not in agreement with the known genealogy, while that based on the molecular marker data showed better result. Each primer amplified 13.8 bands oflSSR markers on average, in which the rate of polymorphic loci was 89.6%. 9.4 bands of RAPD markers were arnplified per primer, in which the rate of polymorphic bands was 74.46%. Large genetic variation of carotene content was found among the parents. For analyzing the genetic diversity of sweetpotato, the molecular marker methods were better than morphological traits; ISSR markers were more efficient than RAPD markers. The combination of molecular markers and agronomic trait analysis may provide valuable theoretic basis for selection of parents to breed new varieties with high carotene content.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,No.LY12H16026Chinese Medical Technology Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China,No.2012ZA087
文摘AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy in patients undergoing laparoscopic total gastrectomy(LTG) for gastric cancer.METHODS: A retrospective review of 81 consecutive patients who underwent LTG with the same surgical team between November 2007 and July 2014 was performed. Four types of intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy using staplers or hand-sewn suturing were performed after LTG. Data on clinicopatholgoical characteristics, occurrence of complications, postoperative recovery, anastomotic time, and operation time among the surgical groups were obtained through medical records.RESULTS: The average operation time was 288.7 min, the average anastomotic time was 54.3 min, and the average estimated blood loss was 82.7 m L. There were no cases of conversion to open surgery. The first flatus was observed around 3.7 d, while the liquid diet was started, on average, from 4.9 d. The average postoperative hospital stay was 10.1 d. Postoperative complications occurred in 14 patients, nearly 17.3%.However, there were no cases of postoperative death.CONCLUSION: LTG performed with intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy using laparoscopic staplers or hand-sewn suturing is feasible and safe. The surgical results were acceptable from the perspective of minimal invasiveness.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0100706)the National Transgenic Key Project from the Ministry of Agriculture of China (2016ZX08002-005)
文摘The success of the Green Revolution largely relies on fertilizers, and a new Green Revolution is very much needed to use fertilizers more economically and efficiently, as well as with more environmental responsibility. The use efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is controlled by complex gene networks that co-ordinate uptake, re-distribution, assimilation, and storage of these nutrients. Great progress has been made in breeding nutrient-efficient crops by molecularly engineering root traits desirable for efficient acquisition of nutrients from soil, transporters for uptake, redistribution and homeostasis of nutrients, and enzymes for efficient assimilation. Regulatory and transcription factors modulating these processes are also valuable in breeding crops with improved nutrient use efficiency and yield performance.
基金financially supported by National MCF Energy Research and Development Program(Grant No.2018YFE0312400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51822402 and 51671044)+3 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2019YFA0209901 and 2018YFA0702901)Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program(Grant No.XLYC1807047)Fund of Science and Technology on Reactor Fuel and Materials Laboratory(Grant No.6142A06190304)Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in Northwestern Polytechnical University(Grant No.SKLSP201902)
文摘Alloying is one of the most effective means to confer superior properties to metal materials.For far too long,conventional W-based alloys were generally improved by the addition of minor elements.The exploitation of conventional W-based alloy is restricted to the corner of multielement phase diagrams with tiny compositional space.High-entropy alloys(HEAs)are a novel kind of alloys consisting of multi-principal alloying elements(usually more than 4)and have attracted increasing attention,since they were first reported in 2004.The emergence of HEAs filled the gap of the unexplored central region of multielement phase diagrams.Among them,tungsten-containing HEAs(TCHEAs)exhibit excellent mechanical properties,especially at extraordinarily elevated temperatures.Moreover,recent studies showed that TCHEAs had outstanding irradiation resistance properties.TCHEAs might serve as a promising candidate for plasma-facing materials in the fusion reactor.Many characteristics of TCHEAs are different from other HEAs due to the addition of tungsten with ultrahigh-melting temperature.Here,this paper aimed to introduce the manufacturing routes of TCHEAs;review the phase selection,mechanical properties,and irradiation resistance properties of TCHEAs;and propose the future prospects of TCHEAs.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFA0501800 to D.Y.2016YFC1303303 to C.Y.)+5 种基金the NSFC Grant(No.31871431 and No.31821002 to D.Y.81572761,81772655 and 81972646 to Y.T.)the Innovative Research Team of High-Level Local Universities in Shanghai(to D.Y.)the Recruitment Program of Global Experts of China(Y.T.)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning(V.T.)Shanghai Rising-Star Program(Y.T.).
文摘Additional sex combs-like 1(ASXL1)interacts with BRCA1-associated protein 1(BAP1)deubiquitinase to oppose the polycomb repressive complex 1(PRC1)-mediated histone H2A ubiquitylation.Germline BAP1 mutations are found in a spectrum of human malignancies,while ASXL1 mutations recurrently occur in myeloid neoplasm and are associated with poor prognosis.Nearly all ASXL1 mutations are heterozygous frameshift or nonsense mutations in the middle or to a less extent the C-terminal region,resulting in the production of C-terminally truncated mutant ASXL1 proteins.How ASXL1 regulates specific target genes and how the C-terminal truncation of ASXL1 promotes leukemogen-esis are unclear.Here,we report that ASXL1 interacts with forkhead transcription factors FOXK1 and FOXK2 to regulate a subset of FOXK1/K2 target genes.We show that the C-terminally truncated mutant ASXL1 proteins are expressed at much higher levels than the wild-type protein in ASXL1 heterozygous leukemia cells,and lose the ability to interact with FOXK1/K2.Specific deletion of the mutant allele eliminates the expression of C-termi-nally truncated ASXL1 and increases the association of wild-type ASXL1 with BAP1,thereby restoring the expression of BAP1-ASXL1-FOXK1/K2 target genes,particularly those involved in glucose metabolism,oxygen sensing,and JAK-STAT3 signaling pathways.In addition to FOXK1/K2,we also identify other DNA-bind-ing transcription regulators including transcription factors(TFs)which interact with wild-type ASXL1,but not C-terminally truncated mutant.Our results suggest that ASXL1 mutations result in neomorphic alleles that contribute to leukemogenesis at least in part through dominantly inhibiting the wild-type ASXL1 from interacting with BAP1 and thereby impairing the function of ASXL1-BAP1-TF in regulating target genes and leukemia cell growth.
