Background RNA interference （RNAi） technology is emerging as a very potent tool to generate a cellular knockdown of a desired gene. The aim of this study was to explore whether RNAi targeting vascular endothelial gr...Background RNA interference （RNAi） technology is emerging as a very potent tool to generate a cellular knockdown of a desired gene. The aim of this study was to explore whether RNAi targeting vascular endothelial growth factor-C （VEGF-C） could inhibit colorectal tumor lymphangiogenesis and tumor growth. Methods We used vector-based RNAi to inhibit VEGF-C expression in colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. VEGF-C expression was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Westen blotting. To establish LoVo cell tumor xenografts in mice, we subcutaneously inoculated 1.0×10^6 LoVo cells in nude mice; after injection, tumors were allowed to grow for 4 weeks until the volume reached （75.80± 55.8）mm^3. The mice were then randomly divided into two groups： （1） the VEGF-C-siRNA group （n= 10） received direct injection of ＂therapeutic＂ plasmid 50 IJg of LoVo-VEGF-C-siRNA into the tumor mass; （2） the control group （n= 10） were injected with LoVo-control in 20 IJI of sterile 0.9% NaCI solution into the tumor mass. Tumor growth, microlymphatics and microvessels were compared for mice administered either systemic VEGF-C-siRNA or control over 4 weeks. Results The mRNA and protein expression of VEGF-C in the colon tumor cell line, LoVo, stably transfected with a VEGF-C-siRNA vector, were significantly downregulated 45.3% and 35.3% respectively. In vivo, four weeks after injection, the tumor volume were significantly smaller in VEGF-C-siRNA group than in LoVo-control group （（314.8 ± 54.8） mm3 vs （553.9 ± 90.1） mm3）; the incidences of lymph node metastasis （30%） in VEGF-C-siRNA were significantly inhibited compared with LoVo-control group （70%）; in VEGF-C-siRNA group, the number of microlymphatics per microscopic field was （5.3 ± 0.7） and the number of microvessels per microscopic field was （24.2 ± 6.5） decreased compared with LoVo-control group （12.5 ± 6.9） and （42.1 ± 7.4） （all P〈0.001）. Conclusion Inhibition of VEGF-C expression using siRNA展开更多
AIM: To explore the change of intestinal mucosa barrier function in the progress of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in rats. METHODS: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group a...AIM: To explore the change of intestinal mucosa barrier function in the progress of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in rats. METHODS: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group and model group. Rats in the control group were given normal diet, and rats in the model group were given fat-rich diet. Eight rats in each group were killed at end of the 8th and 12th wk, respectively. The levels of endotoxin, D-xylose, TG, TC, ALT and AST, intestinal tissue SOD and MDA as well as intestinal mucus secretory IgA (sIgA) were measured. The pathology of liver was observed by HE staining. RESULTS: At end of the 8th wk, there was no marked difference in the levels of endotoxin, D-xylose and sIgA between the two groups. At end of the 12th wk, rats in the model group developed steatohepatitis and had a higher serum level of endotoxin (P = 0.01) and D-xylose (P = 0.00) and a lower serum level of sIgA (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION: Intestinal mucosa barrier malfunction may exist in NASH rats and may be an important promoter of NASH in rats.展开更多
Land cover type is critical for soil organic carbon （SOC） stocks in territorial ecosystems. However, impacts of land cover on SOC stocks in a karst landscape are not fully understood due to discontinuous soil distri...Land cover type is critical for soil organic carbon （SOC） stocks in territorial ecosystems. However, impacts of land cover on SOC stocks in a karst landscape are not fully understood due to discontinuous soil distribution. In this study, considering soil distribution, SOC content and density were investigated along positive successional stages （cropland, plantation, grassland, scrubland, secondary forest, and primary forest） to determine the effects of land cover type on SOC stocks in a subtropical karst area. The proportion of continuous soil on the ground surface under different land cover types ranged between 0.0% and 79.8%. As land cover types changed across the positive successional stages, SOC content in both the 0-20 cm and 20-50 cm soil layers increased significantly. SOC density （SOCD） within O-lOO cm soil depth ranged from 1.45 to 8.72 kg m^-2, and increased from secondary forest to primary forest, plantation, grassland, scrubland, and cropland, due to discontinuous soil distribution. Discontinuous soil distribution had a negative effect on 8OC stocks, highlighting the necessity for accurate determination of soil distribution in karst areas. Generally, ecological restoration had positive impacts on SOC accumulation in karst areas, but this is a slow process. In the short term, the conversion of croplandto grassland was found to be the most efficient way for SOC sequestration.展开更多
Schistosomiasis is an important zoonotic parasitic disease that causes serious harms to humans and animals.Surveillance and diagnosis play key roles in schistosomiasis control,however,current techniques for surveillan...Schistosomiasis is an important zoonotic parasitic disease that causes serious harms to humans and animals.Surveillance and diagnosis play key roles in schistosomiasis control,however,current techniques for surveillance and diagnosis of the disease have limitations.As genome data for parasites are increasing,novel techniques for detection incorporating nucleotide sequences are receiving widespread attention.These sensitive,specific,and rapid detection methods are particularly important in the diagnosis of low-grade and early infections,and may prove to have clinical significance.This paper reviews the progress of nucleic acid detection in the diagnosis and prevention of schistosomiasis,including such aspects as the selection of target genes,and development and application of nucleic acid detection methods.展开更多
Background:The high prevalence of parasitic diseases leads to millions of deaths and disabilities each year in developing countries.China has also been greatly affected by parasitic infections,including filariasis,lei...Background:The high prevalence of parasitic diseases leads to millions of deaths and disabilities each year in developing countries.China has also been greatly affected by parasitic infections,including filariasis,leishmaniasis,malaria,schistosomiasis,and soil-transmitted nematodosis.However,the situation in China improved dramatically after comprehensive parasitic disease control efforts were strengthened,leading to the elimination of filariasis in 2006 and to significant control over other diseases.However,imported parasitic disease cases are inevitable,and such cases have increasingly been reported as a result of enhanced globalization and international or regional cooperation.These imported diseases represent a major obstacle to the elimination of several parasitoses,such as malaria.Main text:This paper reviews imported cases of parasitic diseases in China's Mainland,particularly malaria and schistosomiasis,based on data reported separately by the Chinese annual reports and from other published papers.We summarize the new challenges that face parasitic disease control efforts in China's Mainland and perspectives regarding better control.We argue that both the provision of professional education and updated training for medical care personnel and the management and surveillance of people entering China are essential.We recommend that Chinese migrant workers should be considered a priority group for health education and that public awareness of imported diseases should be emphasized.Furthermore,we underscore the importance of investigating the distribution of introduced/potential vectors,parasite susceptibility,and improvements in diagnostic techniques and drug stocks.Conclusions:Imported cases have become the main challenge to the elimination of several parasitoses,such as malaria and schistosomiasis,in China's Mainland.China should act to meet these challenges,which are closely associated with national biological safety.展开更多
The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 3...The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.展开更多
The joint effects of the sediment size and porosity on the contaminant adsorption/desorption and interfacial diffusion characteristics were experimentally investigated. The adsorption of Phosphorus （P） on the natura...The joint effects of the sediment size and porosity on the contaminant adsorption/desorption and interfacial diffusion characteristics were experimentally investigated. The adsorption of Phosphorus （P） on the natural and artificial sediment suspensions was measured with respect to the P adsorption isotherms and kinetics in the experiment. The obtained adsorption isotherms for different grain-sized sediment suspensions fit well with the Langmuir equation, dependent on the initial aqueous concentration and sediment content. The P kinetic adsorption behaviors for cohesive fine-grained and non-cohesive coarse-grained sediment suspensions clearly show the size-dependent feature. On the other hand, the P kinetic release feature of a porous sediment layer is affected by not only the direct desorption of the uppermost sediments, but also the diffusivity in the pore-water within the underlying sediment layer, characterized by the sediment size and porosity, respectively. Furthermore, the temporal contaminant release from the permeable sediment layer into the overlying water column increases with the increasing flow velocity, while this enhancement in mediating the interfacial diffusion flux is somewhat insignificant in an immediate release stage, largely due to the resistance of the diffusive boundary layer on the hydrodynamic disturbance.展开更多
Background Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common tumors and has a 5-year survival for all stages of less than 5%. Most patients with pancreatic cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage and therefore are not can...Background Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common tumors and has a 5-year survival for all stages of less than 5%. Most patients with pancreatic cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage and therefore are not candidates for surgical resection. In recent years, investigation into alternative treatment strategies for this aggressive disease has led to advances in the field of gene therapy for pancreatic cancer. E. coil purine nucleoside phosphorylase/6-methylpurine deoxyribose （ePNP/MePdR） is a suicide gene/prodrug system where PNP enzyme cleaves nontoxic MePdR into cytotoxic membrane-permeable compounds 6-methylpurine （MeP） with high bystander activity, hTERT is expressed in cell lines and tissues for telomerase activity. In this study we examined the efficacy of ePNP under the control of hTERT promoter sequences and assessed the selective killing effects of the ePNP/prodrug MePdR system on pancreatic tumors. Methods Recombinant pET-PNP was established. The protein of E. coil PNPase was expressed and an antibody to E. coil PNPase was prepared. Transcriptional activities of hTERT promoter sequences were analyzed using a luciferase reporter gene. A recombinant phTERT-ePNP vector was constructed. The ePNP/MePdR system affects SW1990 human pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro. Results The hTERT promoter had high transcriptional activity and conferred specificity on cancer cell lines. The antibody to E. coil PNPase was demonstrated to be specific for the ePNP protein. The MePdR treatment induced a high in vitro cytotoxicity on the sole hTERT-ePNP-producing cell lines and affected SW1990 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions The hTERT promoter control of the ePNP/MePdR system can provide a beneficial anti-tumor treatment in pancreatic cancer cell lines including a good bystander killing effect.展开更多
Background Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal human cancers with a very low survival rate of 5 years. Conventional cancer treatments including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or combinations of these show li...Background Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal human cancers with a very low survival rate of 5 years. Conventional cancer treatments including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or combinations of these show little effect on this disease. Several proteins have been proved critical to the development and the progression of pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resveratrol on apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Methods Several pancreatic cancer cell lines were screened by resveratrol, and its toxicity was tested by normal pancreatic cells. Western blotting was then performed to analyze the molecular mechanism of resveratrol induced apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell lines.展开更多
以不同发酵阶段的羊肉香肠为研究对象,分别采用高效液相色谱法和宏基因组技术测定发酵过程中生物胺含量变化和微生物群落演替,对生物胺和微生物多样性进行相关性分析,并结合非冗余蛋白质序列、直系同源蛋白分组比对数据库和京都基因与...以不同发酵阶段的羊肉香肠为研究对象,分别采用高效液相色谱法和宏基因组技术测定发酵过程中生物胺含量变化和微生物群落演替,对生物胺和微生物多样性进行相关性分析,并结合非冗余蛋白质序列、直系同源蛋白分组比对数据库和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)数据库对微生物和酶的丰度与功能进行注释。结果发现,羊肉香肠样品中生物胺随着发酵时间的延长呈现先增加后降低的趋势,在8种生物胺中,精胺含量最高。羊肉香肠样品中共鉴定出43个门、60个纲、112个目、201个科、465个属和2 156个种的微生物,细菌中的葡萄球菌属、弧菌属、酒球菌属和嗜血杆菌属为优势菌属。Spearman相关性分析显示,色胺、尸胺、酪胺、亚精胺和精胺与相对丰度前30的某些细菌属有显著相关(P<0.05),组胺、腐胺和苯乙胺与这些细菌属不存在显著相关性。利用KEGG数据库分析样品宏基因组数据后,得到样品的生物胺代谢路径及关联的酶和微生物,发现样品中有合成和降解尸胺、腐胺、亚精胺和精胺的细菌,有降解色胺、苯乙胺和酪胺的细菌,没有代谢组胺的细菌。研究结果不仅阐明了生物胺与微生物菌群的相关性,还对生物胺代谢与微生物和酶的关系作了阐述。展开更多
Global longitudinal strain （GLS） at rest on two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography （2D STE） was demonstrated to help detect coronary artery disease （CAD）. However, the optimal cut-off point of GLS and...Global longitudinal strain （GLS） at rest on two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography （2D STE） was demonstrated to help detect coronary artery disease （CAD）. However, the optimal cut-off point of GLS and its diagnostic power for detecting critical CAD in non-diabetes mellitus （DM） patients are unknown. In the present study, 211 patients with suspected CAD were prospectively included, with DM patients excluded. All patients underwent echocardiography and subsequently coronary angiography within 3 days. Left ventricular （LV） GLSs were quantified by 2D STE. Territorial peak systolic longitudinal strains （TLSs） were calculated based on the perfusion territories of the 3-epicardial coronary arteries in a 17-segment LV model. Critical CAD was defined as an area stenosis _〉70% in _〉1 epicardial coronary artery （_〉50% in left main coronary artery）. Totally 145 patients were diagnosed as having critical CAD by coronary angiography. Significant differences were observed in all strain parameters between patients with and without critical CAD. The area under the receiver operating charcteristic （ROC） curve （AUC） for GLS in the detection of left main （LM） or threevessel CAD was 0.875 at a cut-off value of-19.05% with sensitivity of 78.1% and specificity of 72.7%, which increased to 0.926 after exclusion of apical segments （cut-off value -18.66%; sensitivity 84.4% and specificity 81.8%）. The values of TLSs were significantly lower in regions supplied by stenotic arteries than in those by non-stenotic arteries. The AUC for the TLSs to identify critical stenosis of left circumflex （LCX） artery, left anterior descending （LAD） artery and right coronary artery （RCA）, in order of diagnostic accuracy, was 0.818 for LCX, 0.764 for LAD and 0.723 for RCA, respectively. In conclusion, in non-DM patients with suspected CAD, GLS assessed by 2D STE is an excellent predictor for LM or three-vessel CAD with high diagnostic accuracy, and a higher cut-off point than reported 展开更多
AIM: To investigate clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) and liver cirrhosis(LC) patients under whole-course management with lamivudine(LAM). METHODS: This was a retrospective-prospective cohort study based o...AIM: To investigate clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) and liver cirrhosis(LC) patients under whole-course management with lamivudine(LAM). METHODS: This was a retrospective-prospective cohort study based on two nonrandom cohorts of Chinese patients(LAM group and history control group). Two hundred thirty-eight patients with LAM treatment for at least 12 mo under whole-course management were included in the LAM group. The management measures included regular follow-up and timely adjustment of the therapeutic regimen according to drug-resistance and relapse. Two hundred thirtyeight patients with CHB or LC without any antiviral treatment and with follow-up over 12 mo were included in the history control group. The LAM and control group patients were 1:1 matched by propensity score method to ensure both patients were similar in general datum,sex,age,E antigen,and diagnosis. The incidence rates of endpoint events [LC,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and death] were compared between the LAM and control groups.RESULTS: Hepatitis B virus-DNA < 1000 copies per m L rate and rate of alanine transaminase < 1.3 of theupper normal limit in LAM and control groups were 89.1% vs 18.5%(P < 0.05) and 89.8% vs 31.1%(P < 0.05),respectively. Viral breakthrough occurred in 77 patients(32.4%); the one-,three-,and fiveyear cumulative rates were 6.8%,33.1%,and 41.3%,respectively. In total,44.5%(106/238) of patients had once stopped LAM,and 63(59.4%) of them developed virologic relapse; the relapse rate of patients with and without reaching Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver endpoint criteria were 52.4% and 69.8%,respectively. Six CHB patients in the LAM group developed LC compared to 47 patients in the control group; the three-,and five-year cumulative rates of CHB at baseline of LAM were lower than those of the control group: 0.7% vs 12.0% and 1.8% vs 23.8%(P < 0.01),respectively. The incidence of HCC in CHB at baseline of LAM was lower than that of the control group; the three-,and five-year cumulative rates w展开更多
1.Objective The Gejiu-Bozhushan-Laojunshan tin-tungsten polymetallic metallogenic belt is located in southeastern Yunnan.It is bounded by the Mile-Shizong Fault and the Yangzi Plate to the north and west,respectively,...1.Objective The Gejiu-Bozhushan-Laojunshan tin-tungsten polymetallic metallogenic belt is located in southeastern Yunnan.It is bounded by the Mile-Shizong Fault and the Yangzi Plate to the north and west,respectively,while the Honghe Fault represents its southwestern boundary.It is adjacent to the Ailaoshan Fault,and extends to Guangxi and Vietnam to the southeast(Fig.1a;Liu JP et al.,2021).展开更多
文摘Background RNA interference （RNAi） technology is emerging as a very potent tool to generate a cellular knockdown of a desired gene. The aim of this study was to explore whether RNAi targeting vascular endothelial growth factor-C （VEGF-C） could inhibit colorectal tumor lymphangiogenesis and tumor growth. Methods We used vector-based RNAi to inhibit VEGF-C expression in colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. VEGF-C expression was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Westen blotting. To establish LoVo cell tumor xenografts in mice, we subcutaneously inoculated 1.0×10^6 LoVo cells in nude mice; after injection, tumors were allowed to grow for 4 weeks until the volume reached （75.80± 55.8）mm^3. The mice were then randomly divided into two groups： （1） the VEGF-C-siRNA group （n= 10） received direct injection of ＂therapeutic＂ plasmid 50 IJg of LoVo-VEGF-C-siRNA into the tumor mass; （2） the control group （n= 10） were injected with LoVo-control in 20 IJI of sterile 0.9% NaCI solution into the tumor mass. Tumor growth, microlymphatics and microvessels were compared for mice administered either systemic VEGF-C-siRNA or control over 4 weeks. Results The mRNA and protein expression of VEGF-C in the colon tumor cell line, LoVo, stably transfected with a VEGF-C-siRNA vector, were significantly downregulated 45.3% and 35.3% respectively. In vivo, four weeks after injection, the tumor volume were significantly smaller in VEGF-C-siRNA group than in LoVo-control group （（314.8 ± 54.8） mm3 vs （553.9 ± 90.1） mm3）; the incidences of lymph node metastasis （30%） in VEGF-C-siRNA were significantly inhibited compared with LoVo-control group （70%）; in VEGF-C-siRNA group, the number of microlymphatics per microscopic field was （5.3 ± 0.7） and the number of microvessels per microscopic field was （24.2 ± 6.5） decreased compared with LoVo-control group （12.5 ± 6.9） and （42.1 ± 7.4） （all P〈0.001）. Conclusion Inhibition of VEGF-C expression using siRNA
文摘AIM: To explore the change of intestinal mucosa barrier function in the progress of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in rats. METHODS: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group and model group. Rats in the control group were given normal diet, and rats in the model group were given fat-rich diet. Eight rats in each group were killed at end of the 8th and 12th wk, respectively. The levels of endotoxin, D-xylose, TG, TC, ALT and AST, intestinal tissue SOD and MDA as well as intestinal mucus secretory IgA (sIgA) were measured. The pathology of liver was observed by HE staining. RESULTS: At end of the 8th wk, there was no marked difference in the levels of endotoxin, D-xylose and sIgA between the two groups. At end of the 12th wk, rats in the model group developed steatohepatitis and had a higher serum level of endotoxin (P = 0.01) and D-xylose (P = 0.00) and a lower serum level of sIgA (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION: Intestinal mucosa barrier malfunction may exist in NASH rats and may be an important promoter of NASH in rats.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA05070403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41171246, 41301273)the National Science-technology Support Plan Projects (Grant No. 2012BAD05B03-6)
文摘Land cover type is critical for soil organic carbon （SOC） stocks in territorial ecosystems. However, impacts of land cover on SOC stocks in a karst landscape are not fully understood due to discontinuous soil distribution. In this study, considering soil distribution, SOC content and density were investigated along positive successional stages （cropland, plantation, grassland, scrubland, secondary forest, and primary forest） to determine the effects of land cover type on SOC stocks in a subtropical karst area. The proportion of continuous soil on the ground surface under different land cover types ranged between 0.0% and 79.8%. As land cover types changed across the positive successional stages, SOC content in both the 0-20 cm and 20-50 cm soil layers increased significantly. SOC density （SOCD） within O-lOO cm soil depth ranged from 1.45 to 8.72 kg m^-2, and increased from secondary forest to primary forest, plantation, grassland, scrubland, and cropland, due to discontinuous soil distribution. Discontinuous soil distribution had a negative effect on 8OC stocks, highlighting the necessity for accurate determination of soil distribution in karst areas. Generally, ecological restoration had positive impacts on SOC accumulation in karst areas, but this is a slow process. In the short term, the conversion of croplandto grassland was found to be the most efficient way for SOC sequestration.
基金supported by the National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project(no.2012ZX10004220)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.81401688,81271855,81261160324,81371836,and 81572023)。
文摘Schistosomiasis is an important zoonotic parasitic disease that causes serious harms to humans and animals.Surveillance and diagnosis play key roles in schistosomiasis control,however,current techniques for surveillance and diagnosis of the disease have limitations.As genome data for parasites are increasing,novel techniques for detection incorporating nucleotide sequences are receiving widespread attention.These sensitive,specific,and rapid detection methods are particularly important in the diagnosis of low-grade and early infections,and may prove to have clinical significance.This paper reviews the progress of nucleic acid detection in the diagnosis and prevention of schistosomiasis,including such aspects as the selection of target genes,and development and application of nucleic acid detection methods.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC1200500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81601781)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.KLF201012).
文摘Background:The high prevalence of parasitic diseases leads to millions of deaths and disabilities each year in developing countries.China has also been greatly affected by parasitic infections,including filariasis,leishmaniasis,malaria,schistosomiasis,and soil-transmitted nematodosis.However,the situation in China improved dramatically after comprehensive parasitic disease control efforts were strengthened,leading to the elimination of filariasis in 2006 and to significant control over other diseases.However,imported parasitic disease cases are inevitable,and such cases have increasingly been reported as a result of enhanced globalization and international or regional cooperation.These imported diseases represent a major obstacle to the elimination of several parasitoses,such as malaria.Main text:This paper reviews imported cases of parasitic diseases in China's Mainland,particularly malaria and schistosomiasis,based on data reported separately by the Chinese annual reports and from other published papers.We summarize the new challenges that face parasitic disease control efforts in China's Mainland and perspectives regarding better control.We argue that both the provision of professional education and updated training for medical care personnel and the management and surveillance of people entering China are essential.We recommend that Chinese migrant workers should be considered a priority group for health education and that public awareness of imported diseases should be emphasized.Furthermore,we underscore the importance of investigating the distribution of introduced/potential vectors,parasite susceptibility,and improvements in diagnostic techniques and drug stocks.Conclusions:Imported cases have become the main challenge to the elimination of several parasitoses,such as malaria and schistosomiasis,in China's Mainland.China should act to meet these challenges,which are closely associated with national biological safety.
基金support from diverse funding sources,including the National Key Program for S&T Research and Development of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),Yifang Wang's Science Studio of the Ten Thousand Talents Project,the CAS Key Foreign Cooperation Grant,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,the CAS Focused Science Grant,the IHEP Innovation Grant,the CAS Lead Special Training Programthe CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics,the CAS International Partnership Program,and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.
文摘The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos. 10972134, 11032007)the Shanghai key Laboratory of mechanics in energy Engineering and the Shanghai Program for Innovative Research Team in Universities
文摘The joint effects of the sediment size and porosity on the contaminant adsorption/desorption and interfacial diffusion characteristics were experimentally investigated. The adsorption of Phosphorus （P） on the natural and artificial sediment suspensions was measured with respect to the P adsorption isotherms and kinetics in the experiment. The obtained adsorption isotherms for different grain-sized sediment suspensions fit well with the Langmuir equation, dependent on the initial aqueous concentration and sediment content. The P kinetic adsorption behaviors for cohesive fine-grained and non-cohesive coarse-grained sediment suspensions clearly show the size-dependent feature. On the other hand, the P kinetic release feature of a porous sediment layer is affected by not only the direct desorption of the uppermost sediments, but also the diffusivity in the pore-water within the underlying sediment layer, characterized by the sediment size and porosity, respectively. Furthermore, the temporal contaminant release from the permeable sediment layer into the overlying water column increases with the increasing flow velocity, while this enhancement in mediating the interfacial diffusion flux is somewhat insignificant in an immediate release stage, largely due to the resistance of the diffusive boundary layer on the hydrodynamic disturbance.
基金the 135 Project and Science-Technology Fund of Health Department of Jiangsu Province(Z200618)the Science-Technology Fund of Southeast University(XJ0690219)
文摘Background Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common tumors and has a 5-year survival for all stages of less than 5%. Most patients with pancreatic cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage and therefore are not candidates for surgical resection. In recent years, investigation into alternative treatment strategies for this aggressive disease has led to advances in the field of gene therapy for pancreatic cancer. E. coil purine nucleoside phosphorylase/6-methylpurine deoxyribose （ePNP/MePdR） is a suicide gene/prodrug system where PNP enzyme cleaves nontoxic MePdR into cytotoxic membrane-permeable compounds 6-methylpurine （MeP） with high bystander activity, hTERT is expressed in cell lines and tissues for telomerase activity. In this study we examined the efficacy of ePNP under the control of hTERT promoter sequences and assessed the selective killing effects of the ePNP/prodrug MePdR system on pancreatic tumors. Methods Recombinant pET-PNP was established. The protein of E. coil PNPase was expressed and an antibody to E. coil PNPase was prepared. Transcriptional activities of hTERT promoter sequences were analyzed using a luciferase reporter gene. A recombinant phTERT-ePNP vector was constructed. The ePNP/MePdR system affects SW1990 human pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro. Results The hTERT promoter had high transcriptional activity and conferred specificity on cancer cell lines. The antibody to E. coil PNPase was demonstrated to be specific for the ePNP protein. The MePdR treatment induced a high in vitro cytotoxicity on the sole hTERT-ePNP-producing cell lines and affected SW1990 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions The hTERT promoter control of the ePNP/MePdR system can provide a beneficial anti-tumor treatment in pancreatic cancer cell lines including a good bystander killing effect.
文摘Background Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal human cancers with a very low survival rate of 5 years. Conventional cancer treatments including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or combinations of these show little effect on this disease. Several proteins have been proved critical to the development and the progression of pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resveratrol on apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Methods Several pancreatic cancer cell lines were screened by resveratrol, and its toxicity was tested by normal pancreatic cells. Western blotting was then performed to analyze the molecular mechanism of resveratrol induced apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell lines.
文摘以不同发酵阶段的羊肉香肠为研究对象,分别采用高效液相色谱法和宏基因组技术测定发酵过程中生物胺含量变化和微生物群落演替,对生物胺和微生物多样性进行相关性分析,并结合非冗余蛋白质序列、直系同源蛋白分组比对数据库和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)数据库对微生物和酶的丰度与功能进行注释。结果发现,羊肉香肠样品中生物胺随着发酵时间的延长呈现先增加后降低的趋势,在8种生物胺中,精胺含量最高。羊肉香肠样品中共鉴定出43个门、60个纲、112个目、201个科、465个属和2 156个种的微生物,细菌中的葡萄球菌属、弧菌属、酒球菌属和嗜血杆菌属为优势菌属。Spearman相关性分析显示,色胺、尸胺、酪胺、亚精胺和精胺与相对丰度前30的某些细菌属有显著相关(P<0.05),组胺、腐胺和苯乙胺与这些细菌属不存在显著相关性。利用KEGG数据库分析样品宏基因组数据后,得到样品的生物胺代谢路径及关联的酶和微生物,发现样品中有合成和降解尸胺、腐胺、亚精胺和精胺的细菌,有降解色胺、苯乙胺和酪胺的细菌,没有代谢组胺的细菌。研究结果不仅阐明了生物胺与微生物菌群的相关性,还对生物胺代谢与微生物和酶的关系作了阐述。
文摘Global longitudinal strain （GLS） at rest on two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography （2D STE） was demonstrated to help detect coronary artery disease （CAD）. However, the optimal cut-off point of GLS and its diagnostic power for detecting critical CAD in non-diabetes mellitus （DM） patients are unknown. In the present study, 211 patients with suspected CAD were prospectively included, with DM patients excluded. All patients underwent echocardiography and subsequently coronary angiography within 3 days. Left ventricular （LV） GLSs were quantified by 2D STE. Territorial peak systolic longitudinal strains （TLSs） were calculated based on the perfusion territories of the 3-epicardial coronary arteries in a 17-segment LV model. Critical CAD was defined as an area stenosis _〉70% in _〉1 epicardial coronary artery （_〉50% in left main coronary artery）. Totally 145 patients were diagnosed as having critical CAD by coronary angiography. Significant differences were observed in all strain parameters between patients with and without critical CAD. The area under the receiver operating charcteristic （ROC） curve （AUC） for GLS in the detection of left main （LM） or threevessel CAD was 0.875 at a cut-off value of-19.05% with sensitivity of 78.1% and specificity of 72.7%, which increased to 0.926 after exclusion of apical segments （cut-off value -18.66%; sensitivity 84.4% and specificity 81.8%）. The values of TLSs were significantly lower in regions supplied by stenotic arteries than in those by non-stenotic arteries. The AUC for the TLSs to identify critical stenosis of left circumflex （LCX） artery, left anterior descending （LAD） artery and right coronary artery （RCA）, in order of diagnostic accuracy, was 0.818 for LCX, 0.764 for LAD and 0.723 for RCA, respectively. In conclusion, in non-DM patients with suspected CAD, GLS assessed by 2D STE is an excellent predictor for LM or three-vessel CAD with high diagnostic accuracy, and a higher cut-off point than reported
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of GuangxiNo.2014GXNSFDA118023
文摘AIM: To investigate clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) and liver cirrhosis(LC) patients under whole-course management with lamivudine(LAM). METHODS: This was a retrospective-prospective cohort study based on two nonrandom cohorts of Chinese patients(LAM group and history control group). Two hundred thirty-eight patients with LAM treatment for at least 12 mo under whole-course management were included in the LAM group. The management measures included regular follow-up and timely adjustment of the therapeutic regimen according to drug-resistance and relapse. Two hundred thirtyeight patients with CHB or LC without any antiviral treatment and with follow-up over 12 mo were included in the history control group. The LAM and control group patients were 1:1 matched by propensity score method to ensure both patients were similar in general datum,sex,age,E antigen,and diagnosis. The incidence rates of endpoint events [LC,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and death] were compared between the LAM and control groups.RESULTS: Hepatitis B virus-DNA < 1000 copies per m L rate and rate of alanine transaminase < 1.3 of theupper normal limit in LAM and control groups were 89.1% vs 18.5%(P < 0.05) and 89.8% vs 31.1%(P < 0.05),respectively. Viral breakthrough occurred in 77 patients(32.4%); the one-,three-,and fiveyear cumulative rates were 6.8%,33.1%,and 41.3%,respectively. In total,44.5%(106/238) of patients had once stopped LAM,and 63(59.4%) of them developed virologic relapse; the relapse rate of patients with and without reaching Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver endpoint criteria were 52.4% and 69.8%,respectively. Six CHB patients in the LAM group developed LC compared to 47 patients in the control group; the three-,and five-year cumulative rates of CHB at baseline of LAM were lower than those of the control group: 0.7% vs 12.0% and 1.8% vs 23.8%(P < 0.01),respectively. The incidence of HCC in CHB at baseline of LAM was lower than that of the control group; the three-,and five-year cumulative rates w
基金supported by Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects(202202AG050006)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42362010)Bozhushan Late Yanshanian magmatic metallogenic system and metallogenic regularity project(202202AG05006-2)。
文摘1.Objective The Gejiu-Bozhushan-Laojunshan tin-tungsten polymetallic metallogenic belt is located in southeastern Yunnan.It is bounded by the Mile-Shizong Fault and the Yangzi Plate to the north and west,respectively,while the Honghe Fault represents its southwestern boundary.It is adjacent to the Ailaoshan Fault,and extends to Guangxi and Vietnam to the southeast(Fig.1a;Liu JP et al.,2021).
