Epoxy resin nanocomposites reinforced with three different ionic liquid functionalized carbon nanotubes(f-CNTs)were fabricated by an in situ polymerization method.The influence of the anions on the curing process was ...Epoxy resin nanocomposites reinforced with three different ionic liquid functionalized carbon nanotubes(f-CNTs)were fabricated by an in situ polymerization method.The influence of the anions on the curing process was studied through differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and normalized Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy.The composition of the nanocomposites was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Two different mechanisms are proposed to explain the curing process of the neat epoxy and its composites.The electric conductivity and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites are also reported.The tensile strength was increased dramatically due to the insertion of f-CNTs.Scanning electron microsopy fracture surface analysis indicates a strong interfacial bonding between the carbon nanotubes and the polymer matrix.展开更多
Data videos are a highly impactful method of communication and are becoming a prevalent medium for communicating information.While the majority of current research focuses on the cinematic aspects of data videos,very ...Data videos are a highly impactful method of communication and are becoming a prevalent medium for communicating information.While the majority of current research focuses on the cinematic aspects of data videos,very little is known about the narrative methodologies involved.This paper presents our insights derived from an initial exploration of this area.We present a taxonomy based on the analysis of 70 existing data videos examining their narrative and visual approaches.We propose that our taxonomy can be used to explain the characteristics or design of data videos.Applying this taxonomy,we present our observations,including the trend of popular technologies applied in current data videos,the under-utilization of promising methods,and highlight research opportunities in the field.展开更多
Amphiboles are frequently observed in the medium to high grade metamorphic rocks of garnet bearing amphibolites from Thana.In present work,authors have discussed the mineral chemistry and nomenclature of amphiboles.On...Amphiboles are frequently observed in the medium to high grade metamorphic rocks of garnet bearing amphibolites from Thana.In present work,authors have discussed the mineral chemistry and nomenclature of amphiboles.On the basis of mineral chemistry,the amphibole from garnet bearing amphibolite are normally varies from Hastingsite,Ferropargasite to Tschermakite variety.展开更多
Dihadron azimuthal correlations containing a high transverse momentum(pr)trigger particle are sensit-ive to the properties of the nuclear medium created at RHIC through the strong interactions occurring between the tr...Dihadron azimuthal correlations containing a high transverse momentum(pr)trigger particle are sensit-ive to the properties of the nuclear medium created at RHIC through the strong interactions occurring between the traversing parton and the medium,ie.jet-quenching.Previous measurements revealed a strong modification to di-hadron azimuthal correlations in Au+Au collisions with respect to ptp and d+Au collisions.The modification in-creases with the collision centrality,suggesting a path-length or energy density dependence to the je-quenching ef-fect.This paper reports STAR measurements of dihadron azimuthal correlations in mid-central(20%-60%)Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=200 GeV as a function of the trigger particle's azimuthal angle relative to the event plane,Ф_(s)=|Ф_(t)-ψ_(Ep)|.The azimuthal correlation is studied as a function of both the trigger and associated particle pr.The subtractions of the combinatorial background and anisotropic flow,assuming Zero Yield At Minimum(ZYAM),are described.The correlation results are first discussed with subtraction of the even harmonic(elliptic and quadrangu-lar)flow backgrounds.The away-side correlation is strongly modifed,and the modification varies withФ_(s),with a double-peak structure for out-of-plane trigger particles.The near-side ridge(long range pseudo-rapidity△_(η)correla-tion)appears to drop with increasingФ_(s)while the jet-like component remains approximately constant.The correla-tion functions are further studied with the subtraction of odd harmonic triangular flow background arising from fluc-tuations.It is found that the triangular flow,while responsible for the majority of the amplitudes,is not sufficient to explain theφs-dependence of the ridge or the away-side double-peak structure.The dropping ridge withФ_(s)could be attributed to aФ_(s)-dependent lliptie anisotropy;however,the physics mechanism of the ridge remains an open ques-tion.Even with aФ_(s)-dependent elliptic flow,the away-side correlation structure is robust.These results,with exte展开更多
In 2018,the STAR collaboration collected data from^(96)_(44)Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)Zr at√^(S)NN=200 Ge V to search for the presence of the chiral magnetic effect in collisions of nuclei.The isobar ...In 2018,the STAR collaboration collected data from^(96)_(44)Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)Zr at√^(S)NN=200 Ge V to search for the presence of the chiral magnetic effect in collisions of nuclei.The isobar collision species alternated frequently between 9644 Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)Zr.In order to conduct blind analyses of studies related to the chiral magnetic effect in these isobar data,STAR developed a three-step blind analysis procedure.Analysts are initially provided a"reference sample"of data,comprised of a mix of events from the two species,the order of which respects time-dependent changes in run conditions.After tuning analysis codes and performing time-dependent quality assurance on the reference sample,analysts are provided a species-blind sample suitable for calculating efficiencies and corrections for individual≈30-min data-taking runs.For this sample,species-specific information is disguised,but individual output files contain data from a single isobar species.Only run-by-run corrections and code alteration subsequent to these corrections are allowed at this stage.Following these modifications,the"frozen"code is passed over the fully un-blind data,completing the blind analysis.As a check of the feasibility of the blind analysis procedure,analysts completed a"mock data challenge,"analyzing data from Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=27 Ge V,collected in 2018.The Au+Au data were prepared in the same manner intended for the isobar blind data.The details of the blind analysis procedure and results from the mock data challenge are presented.展开更多
High transverse momentum(pT)particle production is suppressed owing to the parton(jet)energy loss in the hot dense medium created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.Redistribution of energy at low-to-modest pT has b...High transverse momentum(pT)particle production is suppressed owing to the parton(jet)energy loss in the hot dense medium created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.Redistribution of energy at low-to-modest pT has been difficult to measure,owing to large anisotropic backgrounds.We report a data-driven method for background evaluation and subtraction,exploiting the away-side pseudorapidity gaps,to measure the jetlike correlation shape in Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV in the STAR experiment.The correlation shapes,for trigger particles pT>3GeV/c and various associated particle pT ranges within 0.5<pT<10GeV/c,are consistent with Gaussians,and their widths increase with centrality.The results indicate jet broadening in the medium created in central heavy-ion collisions.展开更多
In theγ-ray sky,the highest fluxes come from Galactic sources:supernova remnants(SNRs),pulsars and pulsar wind nebulae,star forming regions,binaries and micro-quasars,giant molecular clouds,Galactic center,and the la...In theγ-ray sky,the highest fluxes come from Galactic sources:supernova remnants(SNRs),pulsars and pulsar wind nebulae,star forming regions,binaries and micro-quasars,giant molecular clouds,Galactic center,and the large extended area around the Galactic plane.The radiation mechanisms ofγ-ray emission and the physics of the emitting particles,such as the origin,acceleration,and propagation,are of very high astrophysical significance.A variety of theoretical models have been suggested for the relevant physics,and emission with energies E≥10^(14) eV are expected to be crucial in testing them.In particular,this energy band is a direct window to test at which maximum energy a particle can be accelerated in the Galactic sources and whether the most probable source candidates such as Galactic center and SNRs are“PeVatrons”.Designed aiming at the very high energy(VHE,>100 GeV)observation,LHAASO will be a very powerful instrument in these astrophysical studies.Over the past decade,great advances have been made in the VHEγ-ray astronomy.More than 170 VHEγ-ray sources have been observed,and among them,42 Galactic sources fall in the LHAASO field-of-view.With a sensitivity of 10 milli-Crab,LHAASO can not only provide accurate spectra for the knownγ-ray sources,but also search for new TeV-PeVγ-ray sources.In the following sub-sections,the observation of all the Galactic sources with LHAASO will be discussed in details.展开更多
基金supported by the NBIT Program funded jointly by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Korea and the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research.Dr.Z.Guo appreciatessupport from the National Science Foundation-Nanoscale Interdisciplinary Research Team(NIRT)Materials Processing and Manufacturing(CMMI 10-30755)。
文摘Epoxy resin nanocomposites reinforced with three different ionic liquid functionalized carbon nanotubes(f-CNTs)were fabricated by an in situ polymerization method.The influence of the anions on the curing process was studied through differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and normalized Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy.The composition of the nanocomposites was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Two different mechanisms are proposed to explain the curing process of the neat epoxy and its composites.The electric conductivity and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites are also reported.The tensile strength was increased dramatically due to the insertion of f-CNTs.Scanning electron microsopy fracture surface analysis indicates a strong interfacial bonding between the carbon nanotubes and the polymer matrix.
文摘Data videos are a highly impactful method of communication and are becoming a prevalent medium for communicating information.While the majority of current research focuses on the cinematic aspects of data videos,very little is known about the narrative methodologies involved.This paper presents our insights derived from an initial exploration of this area.We present a taxonomy based on the analysis of 70 existing data videos examining their narrative and visual approaches.We propose that our taxonomy can be used to explain the characteristics or design of data videos.Applying this taxonomy,we present our observations,including the trend of popular technologies applied in current data videos,the under-utilization of promising methods,and highlight research opportunities in the field.
文摘Amphiboles are frequently observed in the medium to high grade metamorphic rocks of garnet bearing amphibolites from Thana.In present work,authors have discussed the mineral chemistry and nomenclature of amphiboles.On the basis of mineral chemistry,the amphibole from garnet bearing amphibolite are normally varies from Hastingsite,Ferropargasite to Tschermakite variety.
基金Supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S.DOE Office of Sciencethe U.S.NSF+18 种基金the Sloan Foundationthe DFG cluster of excellence‘Origin and Structure of the Universe’of Germany,CNRS/IN2P3STFC and EPSRC of the United KingdomFAPESP CNPq of Brazil,Ministry of Ed.Sci.of the Russian FederationNNSFCCASMoSTMoE of ChinaGA and MSMT of the Czech RepublicFOM and NWO of the NetherlandsDAEDSTCSIR of IndiaPolish Ministry of Sci.Higher Ed.,Korea Research Foundation,Ministry of Sci.,Ed.Sports of the Rep.Of CroatiaRussian Ministry of Sci.and TechRos-Atom of Russia。
文摘Dihadron azimuthal correlations containing a high transverse momentum(pr)trigger particle are sensit-ive to the properties of the nuclear medium created at RHIC through the strong interactions occurring between the traversing parton and the medium,ie.jet-quenching.Previous measurements revealed a strong modification to di-hadron azimuthal correlations in Au+Au collisions with respect to ptp and d+Au collisions.The modification in-creases with the collision centrality,suggesting a path-length or energy density dependence to the je-quenching ef-fect.This paper reports STAR measurements of dihadron azimuthal correlations in mid-central(20%-60%)Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=200 GeV as a function of the trigger particle's azimuthal angle relative to the event plane,Ф_(s)=|Ф_(t)-ψ_(Ep)|.The azimuthal correlation is studied as a function of both the trigger and associated particle pr.The subtractions of the combinatorial background and anisotropic flow,assuming Zero Yield At Minimum(ZYAM),are described.The correlation results are first discussed with subtraction of the even harmonic(elliptic and quadrangu-lar)flow backgrounds.The away-side correlation is strongly modifed,and the modification varies withФ_(s),with a double-peak structure for out-of-plane trigger particles.The near-side ridge(long range pseudo-rapidity△_(η)correla-tion)appears to drop with increasingФ_(s)while the jet-like component remains approximately constant.The correla-tion functions are further studied with the subtraction of odd harmonic triangular flow background arising from fluc-tuations.It is found that the triangular flow,while responsible for the majority of the amplitudes,is not sufficient to explain theφs-dependence of the ridge or the away-side double-peak structure.The dropping ridge withФ_(s)could be attributed to aФ_(s)-dependent lliptie anisotropy;however,the physics mechanism of the ridge remains an open ques-tion.Even with aФ_(s)-dependent elliptic flow,the away-side correlation structure is robust.These results,with exte
文摘In 2018,the STAR collaboration collected data from^(96)_(44)Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)Zr at√^(S)NN=200 Ge V to search for the presence of the chiral magnetic effect in collisions of nuclei.The isobar collision species alternated frequently between 9644 Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)Zr.In order to conduct blind analyses of studies related to the chiral magnetic effect in these isobar data,STAR developed a three-step blind analysis procedure.Analysts are initially provided a"reference sample"of data,comprised of a mix of events from the two species,the order of which respects time-dependent changes in run conditions.After tuning analysis codes and performing time-dependent quality assurance on the reference sample,analysts are provided a species-blind sample suitable for calculating efficiencies and corrections for individual≈30-min data-taking runs.For this sample,species-specific information is disguised,but individual output files contain data from a single isobar species.Only run-by-run corrections and code alteration subsequent to these corrections are allowed at this stage.Following these modifications,the"frozen"code is passed over the fully un-blind data,completing the blind analysis.As a check of the feasibility of the blind analysis procedure,analysts completed a"mock data challenge,"analyzing data from Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=27 Ge V,collected in 2018.The Au+Au data were prepared in the same manner intended for the isobar blind data.The details of the blind analysis procedure and results from the mock data challenge are presented.
文摘High transverse momentum(pT)particle production is suppressed owing to the parton(jet)energy loss in the hot dense medium created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.Redistribution of energy at low-to-modest pT has been difficult to measure,owing to large anisotropic backgrounds.We report a data-driven method for background evaluation and subtraction,exploiting the away-side pseudorapidity gaps,to measure the jetlike correlation shape in Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV in the STAR experiment.The correlation shapes,for trigger particles pT>3GeV/c and various associated particle pT ranges within 0.5<pT<10GeV/c,are consistent with Gaussians,and their widths increase with centrality.The results indicate jet broadening in the medium created in central heavy-ion collisions.
基金Supported by Key Research and Development Project(2018YFA0404204,2016YFA0400804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11905043,11803011,12173018,12121003,11773014,11633007,U1931204,U1731136)+2 种基金the Original Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(E085021002)Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(2019B030302001)science research grant from the China Manned Space Project(CMS-CSST-2021-B09)。
文摘In theγ-ray sky,the highest fluxes come from Galactic sources:supernova remnants(SNRs),pulsars and pulsar wind nebulae,star forming regions,binaries and micro-quasars,giant molecular clouds,Galactic center,and the large extended area around the Galactic plane.The radiation mechanisms ofγ-ray emission and the physics of the emitting particles,such as the origin,acceleration,and propagation,are of very high astrophysical significance.A variety of theoretical models have been suggested for the relevant physics,and emission with energies E≥10^(14) eV are expected to be crucial in testing them.In particular,this energy band is a direct window to test at which maximum energy a particle can be accelerated in the Galactic sources and whether the most probable source candidates such as Galactic center and SNRs are“PeVatrons”.Designed aiming at the very high energy(VHE,>100 GeV)observation,LHAASO will be a very powerful instrument in these astrophysical studies.Over the past decade,great advances have been made in the VHEγ-ray astronomy.More than 170 VHEγ-ray sources have been observed,and among them,42 Galactic sources fall in the LHAASO field-of-view.With a sensitivity of 10 milli-Crab,LHAASO can not only provide accurate spectra for the knownγ-ray sources,but also search for new TeV-PeVγ-ray sources.In the following sub-sections,the observation of all the Galactic sources with LHAASO will be discussed in details.
