Exploitable or potentially exploitable deposits of critical metals,such as rare-earth(REE)and high-field-strength elements(HFSE),are commonly associated with alkaline or peralkaline igneous rocks.However,the origin,tr...Exploitable or potentially exploitable deposits of critical metals,such as rare-earth(REE)and high-field-strength elements(HFSE),are commonly associated with alkaline or peralkaline igneous rocks.However,the origin,transport and concentration of these metals in peralkaline systems remains poorly understood.This study presents the results of a mineralogical and geochemical investigation of the Na-metasomatism of alkali amphiboles and clinopyroxenes from a barren peralkaline granite pluton in NE China,to assess the remobilization and redistribution of REE and HFSE during magmatic-hydrothermal evolution.Alkali amphiboles and aegirine-augites from the peralkaline granites show evolutionary trends from sodic-calcic to sodic compositions,with increasing REE and HFSE concentrations as a function of increasing Na-index[Na^(#),defined as molar Na/(Na+Ca)ratios].The Na-amphiboles(i.e.,arfvedsonite)and aegirine-augites can be subsequently altered,or breakdown,to form hydrothermal aegirine during late-or post-magmatic alteration.Representative compositions analyzed by insitu LA-ICPMS show that the primary aegirine-augites have high and variable REE(2194-3627 ppm)and HFSE(4194-16,862 ppm)contents,suggesting that these critical metals can be scavenged by alkali amphiboles and aegirine-augites.Compared to the primary aegirine-augites,the presentative early replacement aegirine(Aeg-I,Na^(#)=0.91-0.94)has notably lower REE(1484-1972)and HFSE(4351-5621)contents.In contrast,the late hydrothermal aegirine(Aeg-II,Na^(#)=0.92-0.96)has significantly lower REE(317-456 ppm)and HFSE(6.44-72.2 ppm)contents.Given that the increasing Na^(#)from aegirine-augites to hydrothermal aegirines likely resulted from Na-metasomatism,a scavenging-release model can explain the remobilization of REE and HFSE in peralkaline granitic systems.The scavenging and release of REE and HFSE by Na-metasomatism provides key insights into the genesis of globally significant REE and HFSE deposits.The high Na-index of the hydrothermal aegirine might be useful as a geo展开更多
Background:The Functional Movement Screen(FMS^(TM)) has become increasingly popular for identifying functional limitations in basic functional movements.This exploratory and descriptive study was undertaken to confirm...Background:The Functional Movement Screen(FMS^(TM)) has become increasingly popular for identifying functional limitations in basic functional movements.This exploratory and descriptive study was undertaken to confirm feasibility of performing the FMS^(TM) in older active adults,assess prevalence of asymmetries and to evaluate the relationship between functional movement ability,age,physical activity levels and body mass index(BMI).Methods:This is an observational study;97 men(n = 53) and women(n = 44) between the ages of 52 and 83 participated.BMI was computed and self-reported physical activity levels were obtained.Subjects were grouped by age(5-year intervals),BMI(normal,over-weight,and obese)and sex.Each participant's performance on the FMS^(TM) was digitally recorded for later analysis.Results:The youngest age group(50–54 years) scored highest in all seven tests and the oldest age group(75+) scored lowest in most of the tests compared to all other age groups.The subjects in the 'normal weight' group performed no different than those who were in the 'overweight' group;both groups performed better than the 'obese' group.Of the 97 participants 54 had at least one asymmetry.The pairwise correlations between the total FMS^(TM) score and age(r =-0.531),BMI(r =-0.270),and the measure of activity level(r = 0.287) were significant(p < 0.01 for all).Conclusion:FMS^(TM) scores decline with increased BMI,increased age,and decreased activity level.The screen identifies range of motion-and strength-related asymmetries.The FMS^(TM) can be used to assess functional limitations and asymmetries.Future research should evaluate if a higher total FMS^(TM) score is related to fewer falls or injuries in the older population.展开更多
Objective:Otologic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)infection has historically been rare,but given the rise in community-acquired MRSA carriage and infection at other body sites,prevalence rates may be...Objective:Otologic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)infection has historically been rare,but given the rise in community-acquired MRSA carriage and infection at other body sites,prevalence rates may be changing.The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of MRSA in recent otologic cultures from patients with acute otitis externa(AOE).Study design:Retrospective review of an institutional microbiologic database.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performedon serial culture isolates taken fromthe ear at a quaternary care hospital from January 2014 to April 2016.The causative pathogen and antibiotic sensitivity was determined by culture isolation and end point mean inhibitory concentration(MIC)testing.Medical records were reviewed to document patient characteristics,chronicity of infection,symptomatology,and previous treatments.Results:Over the study period,173 patients were diagnosed with AOE and underwent otologic cultures of the ear.Fifty-three(30.6%)of cultures grew S.aureus(SA).Of SA infections,15(28.3%)were identified as MRSA.MRSA patients were typically older than patients with methicillin-sensitive SA(MSSA)(mean age 46.717.9 vs 2919.4,PZ0.003)and had more medical comorbidities(4 vs 1.7,PZ0.001).Compared to patients with MSSA,patients with MRSAwere significantly more likely to have had prior ototopical antibiotic exposure(37%vs 73%,PZ0.019).Conclusion:Contemporary ear culture isolates at quaternary care center show higher rates of MRSA compared to historical reports in the literature.Clinicians should consider ear cultures to identify MRSA AOE.Level of Evidence:IV.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42122023 and 41930424)Key Research Program of the Innovation Academy for Earth Science,CAS(IGGCAS201901)+1 种基金Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(Y2021095)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(2020B1212060055).
文摘Exploitable or potentially exploitable deposits of critical metals,such as rare-earth(REE)and high-field-strength elements(HFSE),are commonly associated with alkaline or peralkaline igneous rocks.However,the origin,transport and concentration of these metals in peralkaline systems remains poorly understood.This study presents the results of a mineralogical and geochemical investigation of the Na-metasomatism of alkali amphiboles and clinopyroxenes from a barren peralkaline granite pluton in NE China,to assess the remobilization and redistribution of REE and HFSE during magmatic-hydrothermal evolution.Alkali amphiboles and aegirine-augites from the peralkaline granites show evolutionary trends from sodic-calcic to sodic compositions,with increasing REE and HFSE concentrations as a function of increasing Na-index[Na^(#),defined as molar Na/(Na+Ca)ratios].The Na-amphiboles(i.e.,arfvedsonite)and aegirine-augites can be subsequently altered,or breakdown,to form hydrothermal aegirine during late-or post-magmatic alteration.Representative compositions analyzed by insitu LA-ICPMS show that the primary aegirine-augites have high and variable REE(2194-3627 ppm)and HFSE(4194-16,862 ppm)contents,suggesting that these critical metals can be scavenged by alkali amphiboles and aegirine-augites.Compared to the primary aegirine-augites,the presentative early replacement aegirine(Aeg-I,Na^(#)=0.91-0.94)has notably lower REE(1484-1972)and HFSE(4351-5621)contents.In contrast,the late hydrothermal aegirine(Aeg-II,Na^(#)=0.92-0.96)has significantly lower REE(317-456 ppm)and HFSE(6.44-72.2 ppm)contents.Given that the increasing Na^(#)from aegirine-augites to hydrothermal aegirines likely resulted from Na-metasomatism,a scavenging-release model can explain the remobilization of REE and HFSE in peralkaline granitic systems.The scavenging and release of REE and HFSE by Na-metasomatism provides key insights into the genesis of globally significant REE and HFSE deposits.The high Na-index of the hydrothermal aegirine might be useful as a geo
文摘Background:The Functional Movement Screen(FMS^(TM)) has become increasingly popular for identifying functional limitations in basic functional movements.This exploratory and descriptive study was undertaken to confirm feasibility of performing the FMS^(TM) in older active adults,assess prevalence of asymmetries and to evaluate the relationship between functional movement ability,age,physical activity levels and body mass index(BMI).Methods:This is an observational study;97 men(n = 53) and women(n = 44) between the ages of 52 and 83 participated.BMI was computed and self-reported physical activity levels were obtained.Subjects were grouped by age(5-year intervals),BMI(normal,over-weight,and obese)and sex.Each participant's performance on the FMS^(TM) was digitally recorded for later analysis.Results:The youngest age group(50–54 years) scored highest in all seven tests and the oldest age group(75+) scored lowest in most of the tests compared to all other age groups.The subjects in the 'normal weight' group performed no different than those who were in the 'overweight' group;both groups performed better than the 'obese' group.Of the 97 participants 54 had at least one asymmetry.The pairwise correlations between the total FMS^(TM) score and age(r =-0.531),BMI(r =-0.270),and the measure of activity level(r = 0.287) were significant(p < 0.01 for all).Conclusion:FMS^(TM) scores decline with increased BMI,increased age,and decreased activity level.The screen identifies range of motion-and strength-related asymmetries.The FMS^(TM) can be used to assess functional limitations and asymmetries.Future research should evaluate if a higher total FMS^(TM) score is related to fewer falls or injuries in the older population.
文摘Objective:Otologic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)infection has historically been rare,but given the rise in community-acquired MRSA carriage and infection at other body sites,prevalence rates may be changing.The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of MRSA in recent otologic cultures from patients with acute otitis externa(AOE).Study design:Retrospective review of an institutional microbiologic database.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performedon serial culture isolates taken fromthe ear at a quaternary care hospital from January 2014 to April 2016.The causative pathogen and antibiotic sensitivity was determined by culture isolation and end point mean inhibitory concentration(MIC)testing.Medical records were reviewed to document patient characteristics,chronicity of infection,symptomatology,and previous treatments.Results:Over the study period,173 patients were diagnosed with AOE and underwent otologic cultures of the ear.Fifty-three(30.6%)of cultures grew S.aureus(SA).Of SA infections,15(28.3%)were identified as MRSA.MRSA patients were typically older than patients with methicillin-sensitive SA(MSSA)(mean age 46.717.9 vs 2919.4,PZ0.003)and had more medical comorbidities(4 vs 1.7,PZ0.001).Compared to patients with MSSA,patients with MRSAwere significantly more likely to have had prior ototopical antibiotic exposure(37%vs 73%,PZ0.019).Conclusion:Contemporary ear culture isolates at quaternary care center show higher rates of MRSA compared to historical reports in the literature.Clinicians should consider ear cultures to identify MRSA AOE.Level of Evidence:IV.
