Quantum secure direct communication is an important mode of quantum communication in which secret messages are securely communicated directly over a quantum channel.Quantum secure direct communication is also a basic ...Quantum secure direct communication is an important mode of quantum communication in which secret messages are securely communicated directly over a quantum channel.Quantum secure direct communication is also a basic cryptographic primitive for constructing other quantum communication tasks,such as quantum authentication and quantum dialog.Here,we report the first experimental demonstration of quantum secure direct communication based on the DL04 protocol and equipped with single-photon frequency coding that explicitly demonstrated block transmission.In our experiment,we provided 16 different frequency channels,equivalent to a nibble of four-bit binary numbers for direct information transmission.The experiment firmly demonstrated the feasibility of quantum secure direct communication in the presence of noise and loss.展开更多
Background Hepatic fibrosis is the key stage of the pathological progress from hepatic injury to cirrhosis. Ursodeoxycholic acid （UDCA） has been known as having significant clinical therapeutic effects on chronic li...Background Hepatic fibrosis is the key stage of the pathological progress from hepatic injury to cirrhosis. Ursodeoxycholic acid （UDCA） has been known as having significant clinical therapeutic effects on chronic liver diseases. Our research aimed to study the effect of UDCA on the signaling pathway of transforming growth factor beta1 （TGFβ1）/Smad and discuss its possible molecular mechanisms of inhibiting hepatic fibrosis. Methods Rat hepatic stellate cells were cultured in vitro and randomly assigned to 4 groups. Group A was control group with only DMEM culture medium applied, and groups B, C, D were experimental groups, with different doses of UDCA （1.0 mmol/L, 0.5 mmol/L and 0.25 mmol/L respectively） added into their DMEM culture medium for further culture of 24 hours and 48 hours. The protein expressions of TGFβ1, TGF type 1 receptor, Smad3, Smad4 and Smad7 were measured by Western blotting, as well as the expressions of TGFβ1, Smad3, Smad7 and cAMP response element （CREB） binding protein （CBP） mRNA by real-time PCR. SPSS 11.5 statistical package was adopted for data analyses. Results Compared with control group, the mRNA expressions of TGFβ1 in the high and middle UDCA dose groups for 24 hours and 48 hours significantly decreased （P 〈0.05）, the protein expressions of TGFβ1 in the two above groups for 48 hours and in the high dose group for 24 hours significantly decreased （P 〈0.05）. The protein and mRNA expressions of Smad3 in each UDCA dose group for 24 hours and 48 hours significantly decreased, with significant difference among different UDCA dose groups and between that of 24 hours and 48 hours observed （P 〈0.05）. The protein and mRNA expressions of Smad7 in the high and middle UDCA dose groups for 24 hours and 48 hours significantly increased. The CBP mRNA expression in each UDCA dose group for 24 hours and 48 hours significantly decreased （P 〈0.05）, with significant difference among different UDCA dose groups observed （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion UDCA co展开更多
Background:Critical patients with the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),even those whose nucleic acid test results had turned negative and those receiving maximal medical support,have been noted to progress to irreve...Background:Critical patients with the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),even those whose nucleic acid test results had turned negative and those receiving maximal medical support,have been noted to progress to irreversible fatal respiratory failure.Lung transplantation(LT)as the sole therapy for end-stage pulmonary fibrosis related to acute respiratory distress syndrome has been considered as the ultimate rescue therapy for these patients.Methods:From February 10 to March 10,2020,three male patients were urgently assessed and listed for transplantation.After conducting a full ethical review and after obtaining assent from the family of the patients,we performed three LT procedures for COVID-19 patients with illness durations of more than one month and extremely high sequential organ failure assessment scores.Results:Two of the three recipients survived post-LT and started participating in a rehabilitation program.Pearls of the LT team collaboration and perioperative logistics were summarized and continually improved.The pathological results of the explanted lungs were concordant with the critical clinical manifestation,and provided insight towards better understanding of the disease.Government health affair systems,virology detection tools,and modern communication technology all play key roles towards the survival of the patients and their rehabilitation.Conclusions:LT can be performed in end-stage patients with respiratory failure due to COVID-19-related pulmonary fibrosis.If confirmed positive-turned-negative virology status without organ dysfunction that could contraindicate LT,LT provided the final option for these patients to avoid certain death,with proper protection of transplant surgeons and medical staffs.By ensuring instant seamless care for both patients and medical teams,the goal of reducing the mortality rate and salvaging the lives of patients with COVID-19 can be attained.展开更多
Background At present, many administrators lack a theoretica health emergencies. This study developed a detailed function building the management systems scientifically. guide to build management systems to cope with ...Background At present, many administrators lack a theoretica health emergencies. This study developed a detailed function building the management systems scientifically. guide to build management systems to cope with public list for public health emergency management to help Methods The five steps in this study including literature review, semistructured interviews with experts, focus group, Delphi study and focus group were conducted to develop the detailed list of functions. Results An initial list of 25 functions with 188 items was formed through literature review. The list was reduced to 10 functions with 57 items by semistructured interviews with experts and focus group. Next, all these 57 items reached the consensus through one-round Delphi study. Some revisions of the consensus were done by the same focus group. Conclusion The final 10 functions with 57 items could be used as a guide for most countries during their building of a public health emergency management system.展开更多
AIM: To probe the value of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)messenger RNA in monitoring canceration of liver cells andfor early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), byresearching the types of GGT messenger RNA ...AIM: To probe the value of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)messenger RNA in monitoring canceration of liver cells andfor early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), byresearching the types of GGT messenger RNA (GGTmRNA)in liver tissues and peripheral blood of different hepatopathy.METHODS: The three types of GGTmRNA (A, B, C) in livertissues and peripheral blood from the patients with HCC,noncancerous hepatopathy, hepatic benign tumor, secondarycarcinoma of liver, and healthy persons were detected byreverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).RESULTS: (1) In normal liver tissues, type A waspredominantly found (100.00 %), type B was not found,type C was found occasionally (25.00 %). (2) The distributionof types of GGTmRNA in liver tissues with acute hepatitis,chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatopathy was similaras in normal liver tissues (P＞0.05), but type B was found in3 of 18 patients with chronic hepatitis (16.67 %), and alsoin 3 of 11 patients with cirrhosis (27.27 %). (3) There wasno significant difference of types of GGTmRNA between livertissues with hepatic benign tumor, secondary carcinoma ofliver and normal liver tissues (P＞0.05). (4) Type B waspredominant in cancerous tissues with HCC (87.5 %), theprevalence of type B in cancerous tissues was significantlyhigher than that in normal liver tissues (0/12) (P＜0.05), butthe prevalence of type A in cancerous tissues (46.88 %)was significantly lower than that in normal liver tissues(100.00 %) (P＜0.05), and the prevalence of type C (6.25 %)in cancerous was the same as that in normal liver tissues(25.00 %) (P＞0.05). In noncancerous tissues of livers withHCC, the main types were type A and type B, the prevalenceof type A (85.71%, 90.48 %) and type C (14.29 %, 9.52 %)in noncancerous tissues of liver with HCC was similar asthat in normal liver tissues (A: 100.00 %; C: 25.00 %)(P＞0.05), but the prevalence of type B (80.95 %, 76.19 %)in noncancerous tissues of livers with HCC was significantlyhigher than that in normal liver t展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: BALB/c nude mice were randomized into four groups 24 h before subcuta...AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: BALB/c nude mice were randomized into four groups 24 h before subcutaneous injection of hepatocarcinoma BEL7402 cells suspended in phosphate buffered saline(PBS) into the right flank. The control group(n = 10) was fed a standard diet while treatment groups(n = 10 each) were fed a standard daily diet supplemented with different concentrations of UDCA(30,50 and 70 mg/kg per day) for 21 d. Tumor growth was measured once each week,and tumor volume(V) was calculated with the following equation: V =(L × W2) × 0.52,where L is the length and W is the width of the xenograft. After 21 d,mice were killed under ether anesthesia,and tumors were excised and weighed. Apoptosis was evaluated through detection of DNA fragmentation with gel electrophoresis and the terminaldeoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of apoptosisrelated proteins BAX,BCL2,APAF1,cleaved caspase-9,and cleaved caspase-3.RESULTS: UDCA suppressed tumor growth relative to controls. The mean tumor volumes were the following: control,1090 ± 89 mm3; 30 mg/kg per day,612 ± 46 mm3; 50 mg/kg per day,563 ± 38 mm3; and 70 mg/kg per day,221 ± 26 mm3. Decreased tumor volumes reached statistical significance relative to control xenografts(30 mg/kg per day,P < 0.05; 50 mg/kg per day,P < 0.05; 70 mg/kg per day,P < 0.01). Increasing concentrations of UDCA led to increased DNA fragmentation observed on gel electrophoresis and in the TUNEL assay(control,1.6% ± 0.3%; 30 mg/kg per day,2.9% ± 0.5%; 50 mg/kg per day,3.15% ± 0.7%,and 70 mg/kg per day,4.86% ± 0.9%). Western blot analysis revealed increased expression of BAX,APAF1,cleaved-caspase-9 and cleaved-caspase-3 proteins,which induce apoptosis,but decreased expression of BCL2 protein,which is an inhibitor of apoptosis,following administration of UDCA. CONCLUSION: U展开更多
To investigate the interaction mechanism between 95 Cr saw-wire steel and different refractories,we conducted laboratory experiments at 1873 K.Five crucible materials(SiO2,Al2 O3,MgO·Al2 O3,MgO,and MgO-CaO)were u...To investigate the interaction mechanism between 95 Cr saw-wire steel and different refractories,we conducted laboratory experiments at 1873 K.Five crucible materials(SiO2,Al2 O3,MgO·Al2 O3,MgO,and MgO-CaO)were used.The results indicate that SiO2,Al2 O3,and MgO·Al2 O3 are not suitable for smelting low-oxygen,low-[Al]s 95 Cr saw-wire steel,mainly because they react with the elements in the molten steel and pollute the steel samples.By contrast,MgO-CaO is an ideal choice to produce 95 Cr saw-wire steel.It offers three advantages:(ⅰ)It does not decompose by itself at the steelmaking temperature of 1873 K because it exhibits good thermal stability;(ⅱ)[C],[Si],and[Mn]in molten steel cannot react with it to increase the[O]content;and(ⅲ)it not only desulfurizes and dephosphorizes but also removes Al2 O3 inclusions from the steel simultaneously.As a result,the contents of the main elements([C],[Si],[Mn],[Cr],N,T.O(total oxygen))in the steel are not affected and the content of impurity elements([Al]s,P,and S)can be perfectly controlled within the target range.Furthermore,the number and size of inclusions in the steel samples decrease sharply when the MgO-CaO crucible is used.展开更多
基金sponsored by the 973 Program(No.2012CB921603)863 Program(No.2011AA010801)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61527824,11374196,10934004 and 11204166)PCSIRT(No.IRT 13076)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11175094 and 91221205)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2015CB921001).
文摘Quantum secure direct communication is an important mode of quantum communication in which secret messages are securely communicated directly over a quantum channel.Quantum secure direct communication is also a basic cryptographic primitive for constructing other quantum communication tasks,such as quantum authentication and quantum dialog.Here,we report the first experimental demonstration of quantum secure direct communication based on the DL04 protocol and equipped with single-photon frequency coding that explicitly demonstrated block transmission.In our experiment,we provided 16 different frequency channels,equivalent to a nibble of four-bit binary numbers for direct information transmission.The experiment firmly demonstrated the feasibility of quantum secure direct communication in the presence of noise and loss.
文摘Background Hepatic fibrosis is the key stage of the pathological progress from hepatic injury to cirrhosis. Ursodeoxycholic acid （UDCA） has been known as having significant clinical therapeutic effects on chronic liver diseases. Our research aimed to study the effect of UDCA on the signaling pathway of transforming growth factor beta1 （TGFβ1）/Smad and discuss its possible molecular mechanisms of inhibiting hepatic fibrosis. Methods Rat hepatic stellate cells were cultured in vitro and randomly assigned to 4 groups. Group A was control group with only DMEM culture medium applied, and groups B, C, D were experimental groups, with different doses of UDCA （1.0 mmol/L, 0.5 mmol/L and 0.25 mmol/L respectively） added into their DMEM culture medium for further culture of 24 hours and 48 hours. The protein expressions of TGFβ1, TGF type 1 receptor, Smad3, Smad4 and Smad7 were measured by Western blotting, as well as the expressions of TGFβ1, Smad3, Smad7 and cAMP response element （CREB） binding protein （CBP） mRNA by real-time PCR. SPSS 11.5 statistical package was adopted for data analyses. Results Compared with control group, the mRNA expressions of TGFβ1 in the high and middle UDCA dose groups for 24 hours and 48 hours significantly decreased （P 〈0.05）, the protein expressions of TGFβ1 in the two above groups for 48 hours and in the high dose group for 24 hours significantly decreased （P 〈0.05）. The protein and mRNA expressions of Smad3 in each UDCA dose group for 24 hours and 48 hours significantly decreased, with significant difference among different UDCA dose groups and between that of 24 hours and 48 hours observed （P 〈0.05）. The protein and mRNA expressions of Smad7 in the high and middle UDCA dose groups for 24 hours and 48 hours significantly increased. The CBP mRNA expression in each UDCA dose group for 24 hours and 48 hours significantly decreased （P 〈0.05）, with significant difference among different UDCA dose groups observed （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion UDCA co
基金This study was supported by grants from the Chen Jingyu team of“Sanming Project of Medicine”in Shenzhen(No.SZSM201812058)the Foundation for Special Projects of COVID-19 Prevention and Control in Wuxi City.
文摘Background:Critical patients with the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),even those whose nucleic acid test results had turned negative and those receiving maximal medical support,have been noted to progress to irreversible fatal respiratory failure.Lung transplantation(LT)as the sole therapy for end-stage pulmonary fibrosis related to acute respiratory distress syndrome has been considered as the ultimate rescue therapy for these patients.Methods:From February 10 to March 10,2020,three male patients were urgently assessed and listed for transplantation.After conducting a full ethical review and after obtaining assent from the family of the patients,we performed three LT procedures for COVID-19 patients with illness durations of more than one month and extremely high sequential organ failure assessment scores.Results:Two of the three recipients survived post-LT and started participating in a rehabilitation program.Pearls of the LT team collaboration and perioperative logistics were summarized and continually improved.The pathological results of the explanted lungs were concordant with the critical clinical manifestation,and provided insight towards better understanding of the disease.Government health affair systems,virology detection tools,and modern communication technology all play key roles towards the survival of the patients and their rehabilitation.Conclusions:LT can be performed in end-stage patients with respiratory failure due to COVID-19-related pulmonary fibrosis.If confirmed positive-turned-negative virology status without organ dysfunction that could contraindicate LT,LT provided the final option for these patients to avoid certain death,with proper protection of transplant surgeons and medical staffs.By ensuring instant seamless care for both patients and medical teams,the goal of reducing the mortality rate and salvaging the lives of patients with COVID-19 can be attained.
文摘Background At present, many administrators lack a theoretica health emergencies. This study developed a detailed function building the management systems scientifically. guide to build management systems to cope with public list for public health emergency management to help Methods The five steps in this study including literature review, semistructured interviews with experts, focus group, Delphi study and focus group were conducted to develop the detailed list of functions. Results An initial list of 25 functions with 188 items was formed through literature review. The list was reduced to 10 functions with 57 items by semistructured interviews with experts and focus group. Next, all these 57 items reached the consensus through one-round Delphi study. Some revisions of the consensus were done by the same focus group. Conclusion The final 10 functions with 57 items could be used as a guide for most countries during their building of a public health emergency management system.
文摘AIM: To probe the value of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)messenger RNA in monitoring canceration of liver cells andfor early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), byresearching the types of GGT messenger RNA (GGTmRNA)in liver tissues and peripheral blood of different hepatopathy.METHODS: The three types of GGTmRNA (A, B, C) in livertissues and peripheral blood from the patients with HCC,noncancerous hepatopathy, hepatic benign tumor, secondarycarcinoma of liver, and healthy persons were detected byreverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).RESULTS: (1) In normal liver tissues, type A waspredominantly found (100.00 %), type B was not found,type C was found occasionally (25.00 %). (2) The distributionof types of GGTmRNA in liver tissues with acute hepatitis,chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatopathy was similaras in normal liver tissues (P＞0.05), but type B was found in3 of 18 patients with chronic hepatitis (16.67 %), and alsoin 3 of 11 patients with cirrhosis (27.27 %). (3) There wasno significant difference of types of GGTmRNA between livertissues with hepatic benign tumor, secondary carcinoma ofliver and normal liver tissues (P＞0.05). (4) Type B waspredominant in cancerous tissues with HCC (87.5 %), theprevalence of type B in cancerous tissues was significantlyhigher than that in normal liver tissues (0/12) (P＜0.05), butthe prevalence of type A in cancerous tissues (46.88 %)was significantly lower than that in normal liver tissues(100.00 %) (P＜0.05), and the prevalence of type C (6.25 %)in cancerous was the same as that in normal liver tissues(25.00 %) (P＞0.05). In noncancerous tissues of livers withHCC, the main types were type A and type B, the prevalenceof type A (85.71%, 90.48 %) and type C (14.29 %, 9.52 %)in noncancerous tissues of liver with HCC was similar asthat in normal liver tissues (A: 100.00 %; C: 25.00 %)(P＞0.05), but the prevalence of type B (80.95 %, 76.19 %)in noncancerous tissues of livers with HCC was significantlyhigher than that in normal liver t
基金Supported by Grants from the Shandong Provincial Science and Technology Committee of China,No.2013GSF11852the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.ZR2014HM106
文摘AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: BALB/c nude mice were randomized into four groups 24 h before subcutaneous injection of hepatocarcinoma BEL7402 cells suspended in phosphate buffered saline(PBS) into the right flank. The control group(n = 10) was fed a standard diet while treatment groups(n = 10 each) were fed a standard daily diet supplemented with different concentrations of UDCA(30,50 and 70 mg/kg per day) for 21 d. Tumor growth was measured once each week,and tumor volume(V) was calculated with the following equation: V =(L × W2) × 0.52,where L is the length and W is the width of the xenograft. After 21 d,mice were killed under ether anesthesia,and tumors were excised and weighed. Apoptosis was evaluated through detection of DNA fragmentation with gel electrophoresis and the terminaldeoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of apoptosisrelated proteins BAX,BCL2,APAF1,cleaved caspase-9,and cleaved caspase-3.RESULTS: UDCA suppressed tumor growth relative to controls. The mean tumor volumes were the following: control,1090 ± 89 mm3; 30 mg/kg per day,612 ± 46 mm3; 50 mg/kg per day,563 ± 38 mm3; and 70 mg/kg per day,221 ± 26 mm3. Decreased tumor volumes reached statistical significance relative to control xenografts(30 mg/kg per day,P < 0.05; 50 mg/kg per day,P < 0.05; 70 mg/kg per day,P < 0.01). Increasing concentrations of UDCA led to increased DNA fragmentation observed on gel electrophoresis and in the TUNEL assay(control,1.6% ± 0.3%; 30 mg/kg per day,2.9% ± 0.5%; 50 mg/kg per day,3.15% ± 0.7%,and 70 mg/kg per day,4.86% ± 0.9%). Western blot analysis revealed increased expression of BAX,APAF1,cleaved-caspase-9 and cleaved-caspase-3 proteins,which induce apoptosis,but decreased expression of BCL2 protein,which is an inhibitor of apoptosis,following administration of UDCA. CONCLUSION: U
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0300105)the Transformation Project of Major Scientific and Technological Achievements in Shenyang(No.Z17-5-003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.N172507002)。
文摘To investigate the interaction mechanism between 95 Cr saw-wire steel and different refractories,we conducted laboratory experiments at 1873 K.Five crucible materials(SiO2,Al2 O3,MgO·Al2 O3,MgO,and MgO-CaO)were used.The results indicate that SiO2,Al2 O3,and MgO·Al2 O3 are not suitable for smelting low-oxygen,low-[Al]s 95 Cr saw-wire steel,mainly because they react with the elements in the molten steel and pollute the steel samples.By contrast,MgO-CaO is an ideal choice to produce 95 Cr saw-wire steel.It offers three advantages:(ⅰ)It does not decompose by itself at the steelmaking temperature of 1873 K because it exhibits good thermal stability;(ⅱ)[C],[Si],and[Mn]in molten steel cannot react with it to increase the[O]content;and(ⅲ)it not only desulfurizes and dephosphorizes but also removes Al2 O3 inclusions from the steel simultaneously.As a result,the contents of the main elements([C],[Si],[Mn],[Cr],N,T.O(total oxygen))in the steel are not affected and the content of impurity elements([Al]s,P,and S)can be perfectly controlled within the target range.Furthermore,the number and size of inclusions in the steel samples decrease sharply when the MgO-CaO crucible is used.
