为了实现低成本北斗滑坡地表形变自动化监测目的,本文研制了一套基于北斗云的新型滑坡实时监测系统。包括设计了具有无线传输、云端存储以及支持Ntrip(Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol)通过互联网进行RTCM网络传输协...为了实现低成本北斗滑坡地表形变自动化监测目的,本文研制了一套基于北斗云的新型滑坡实时监测系统。包括设计了具有无线传输、云端存储以及支持Ntrip(Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol)通过互联网进行RTCM网络传输协议)协议的北斗监测接收机,开发了高效的实时数据流管理软件和高精度滑坡形变监测软件,优化了外业施工设计方案,以千元终端机、自研定位软件辅以高效云计算的解决方案为低成本滑坡监测应用提供了可能。真实数值算例结果表明,短基线情形下北斗实时监测精度E方向(东方向)优于2 mm,N方向(北方向)优于2 mm,U方向(高程方向)优于3 mm,完全能够满足滑坡高精度实时监测需求。另外,本文还将滑坡区长期北斗连续监测结果与自动全站仪精密测量结果进行了对比,两者在水平方向和高程方向上符合度均优于3 mm,具有较好的一致性。展开更多
The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 3...The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.展开更多
The lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi(Є1 q)shale in the Sichuan Basin,formerly considered a source rock,recently achieved high gas production(7.388×105 m^(3)·d^(-1))from well Z201 in the Deyang-Anyue rift trough(DAR...The lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi(Є1 q)shale in the Sichuan Basin,formerly considered a source rock,recently achieved high gas production(7.388×105 m^(3)·d^(-1))from well Z201 in the Deyang-Anyue rift trough(DART),marking an exploration breakthrough of the world’s oldest industrial shale gas reser-voir.However,the shale gas enrichment mechanism within the DART is not fully understood.This study reviews the formation of the Qiongzhusi shale gas reservoirs within the DART by comparing them with cotemporaneous deposits outside the DART,and several findings are presented.The gas production interval was correlated with the main phase of the Cambrian explosion(lower Cambrian stage 3).In the early Cambrian ecosystem,dominant animals likely accelerated the settling rates of organic matter(OM)in the upper 1st member ofЄ_(1) q(Є_(1) q_(12))by feeding on small planktonic organisms and producing larger organic fragments and fecal pellets.High primary productivity and euxinic con-ditions contributed to OM enrichment in the lower 1st member ofЄ1 q(Є_(1) q_(11)).Additionally,shale reservoirs inside the DART demonstrated better properties than those outside in terms of thickness,brittle minerals,gas content,and porosity.In particular,the abundant OM pores inside the DART facil-itated shale gas enrichment,whereas the higher thermal maturity of the shales outside the DART pos-sibly led to the graphitization and collapse of some OM pores.Meanwhile,the overpressure of high-production wells inside the DART generally reflects better shale gas preservation,benefiting from the shale’s self-sealing nature,"upper capping and lower plugging"configuration,and limited faults and microfractures.Considering these insights,we introduced a"ternary enrichment"model for the Qiongzhusi shale gas.Although the current high gas production of Z201 was found at the reservoir 3,two additional reservoirs were identified with significant potential,thus suggesting a"multilayer stereoscopic development"strategy in future shale gas exploration within t展开更多
The Real-Time Kinematic(RTK)positioning method of the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)has been widely used for landslide monitoring.The stability of its reference station is crucial to obtain accurate and reli...The Real-Time Kinematic(RTK)positioning method of the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)has been widely used for landslide monitoring.The stability of its reference station is crucial to obtain accurate and reliable monitoring results.Unstable reference stations due to the geological environment and human activities are difficult to detect and in practical applications often ignored.As a result,it affects the positioning solutions and subsequently the interpretation and detection of landslide motions,which must be addressed in GNSS landslide monitoring.To solve this problem,we propose using the Precise Point Positioning(PPP)technique to analyze the stability of the reference station by verifying its position.The deformations of the monitoring stations are then compensated.First,the reference station coordinates are obtained by the PPP technique and tectonic motion is considered in data processing.The change or breakout of the reference station position is then determined using a cumulative sum control chart method.Finally,each monitoring station’s displacements are compensated according to the displacements of the reference station.According to the results of the Tengqing landslide experiment,the PPP technique can be used in GNSS landslide monitoring to analyze the stability of reference stations.With PPP,millimeter-level accuracy for the coordinates of reference stations is achieved.Compared to the traditional deformation series,the compensated displacement series more reliably reflects the landslide motions.This study will increase the reliability of monitoring results and contribute to implementing GNSS in monitoring landslides.展开更多
High performance optical diode-like devices are highly desired in future practical nano-photonic devices with strong directional selectivity.We demonstrate a kind of giant broadband reciprocity optical diode-like devi...High performance optical diode-like devices are highly desired in future practical nano-photonic devices with strong directional selectivity.We demonstrate a kind of giant broadband reciprocity optical diode-like devices by simultaneously using the directional Mie scattering effect and the asymmetric grating diffraction effect.The maximum asymmetric subtraction and the asymmetric transmission ratio can reach nearly 100%and 40dB at specified wavelength,respectively.In a wide waveband from 500nm to 800nm,the asymmetric subtraction and the ratio keep larger than 80%and 3.5 dB,respectively,even under oblique incidence.To the best of our knowledge,this is the best one-way-transmission effect observed in the reciprocity optical diode-like devices.In addition,we further demonstrate that this one-way-transmission effect can bring an effective absorption enhancement on gold films.The giant,broadband and angle-insensitive one-way-transmission effect demonstrated here is far beyond the well-known anti-reflection effect in the light-trapping devices and will bring new design philosophy for nano-photonic devices.展开更多
文摘为了实现低成本北斗滑坡地表形变自动化监测目的,本文研制了一套基于北斗云的新型滑坡实时监测系统。包括设计了具有无线传输、云端存储以及支持Ntrip(Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol)通过互联网进行RTCM网络传输协议)协议的北斗监测接收机,开发了高效的实时数据流管理软件和高精度滑坡形变监测软件,优化了外业施工设计方案,以千元终端机、自研定位软件辅以高效云计算的解决方案为低成本滑坡监测应用提供了可能。真实数值算例结果表明,短基线情形下北斗实时监测精度E方向(东方向)优于2 mm,N方向(北方向)优于2 mm,U方向(高程方向)优于3 mm,完全能够满足滑坡高精度实时监测需求。另外,本文还将滑坡区长期北斗连续监测结果与自动全站仪精密测量结果进行了对比,两者在水平方向和高程方向上符合度均优于3 mm,具有较好的一致性。
基金support from diverse funding sources,including the National Key Program for S&T Research and Development of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),Yifang Wang's Science Studio of the Ten Thousand Talents Project,the CAS Key Foreign Cooperation Grant,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,the CAS Focused Science Grant,the IHEP Innovation Grant,the CAS Lead Special Training Programthe CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics,the CAS International Partnership Program,and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.
文摘The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23B20155 and 42303004)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M730038)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Research Project for the China National Petroleum Corporation(2021DJ1802 and 2021YJCQ03)the National Postdoctoral Researcher Program of China(GZC20233111).
文摘The lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi(Є1 q)shale in the Sichuan Basin,formerly considered a source rock,recently achieved high gas production(7.388×105 m^(3)·d^(-1))from well Z201 in the Deyang-Anyue rift trough(DART),marking an exploration breakthrough of the world’s oldest industrial shale gas reser-voir.However,the shale gas enrichment mechanism within the DART is not fully understood.This study reviews the formation of the Qiongzhusi shale gas reservoirs within the DART by comparing them with cotemporaneous deposits outside the DART,and several findings are presented.The gas production interval was correlated with the main phase of the Cambrian explosion(lower Cambrian stage 3).In the early Cambrian ecosystem,dominant animals likely accelerated the settling rates of organic matter(OM)in the upper 1st member ofЄ_(1) q(Є_(1) q_(12))by feeding on small planktonic organisms and producing larger organic fragments and fecal pellets.High primary productivity and euxinic con-ditions contributed to OM enrichment in the lower 1st member ofЄ1 q(Є_(1) q_(11)).Additionally,shale reservoirs inside the DART demonstrated better properties than those outside in terms of thickness,brittle minerals,gas content,and porosity.In particular,the abundant OM pores inside the DART facil-itated shale gas enrichment,whereas the higher thermal maturity of the shales outside the DART pos-sibly led to the graphitization and collapse of some OM pores.Meanwhile,the overpressure of high-production wells inside the DART generally reflects better shale gas preservation,benefiting from the shale’s self-sealing nature,"upper capping and lower plugging"configuration,and limited faults and microfractures.Considering these insights,we introduced a"ternary enrichment"model for the Qiongzhusi shale gas.Although the current high gas production of Z201 was found at the reservoir 3,two additional reservoirs were identified with significant potential,thus suggesting a"multilayer stereoscopic development"strategy in future shale gas exploration within t
基金This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41941019,42090053,and 42127802)the Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province(2022ZDLSF07-12)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of CHD(300102263401).
文摘The Real-Time Kinematic(RTK)positioning method of the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)has been widely used for landslide monitoring.The stability of its reference station is crucial to obtain accurate and reliable monitoring results.Unstable reference stations due to the geological environment and human activities are difficult to detect and in practical applications often ignored.As a result,it affects the positioning solutions and subsequently the interpretation and detection of landslide motions,which must be addressed in GNSS landslide monitoring.To solve this problem,we propose using the Precise Point Positioning(PPP)technique to analyze the stability of the reference station by verifying its position.The deformations of the monitoring stations are then compensated.First,the reference station coordinates are obtained by the PPP technique and tectonic motion is considered in data processing.The change or breakout of the reference station position is then determined using a cumulative sum control chart method.Finally,each monitoring station’s displacements are compensated according to the displacements of the reference station.According to the results of the Tengqing landslide experiment,the PPP technique can be used in GNSS landslide monitoring to analyze the stability of reference stations.With PPP,millimeter-level accuracy for the coordinates of reference stations is achieved.Compared to the traditional deformation series,the compensated displacement series more reliably reflects the landslide motions.This study will increase the reliability of monitoring results and contribute to implementing GNSS in monitoring landslides.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11604227。
文摘High performance optical diode-like devices are highly desired in future practical nano-photonic devices with strong directional selectivity.We demonstrate a kind of giant broadband reciprocity optical diode-like devices by simultaneously using the directional Mie scattering effect and the asymmetric grating diffraction effect.The maximum asymmetric subtraction and the asymmetric transmission ratio can reach nearly 100%and 40dB at specified wavelength,respectively.In a wide waveband from 500nm to 800nm,the asymmetric subtraction and the ratio keep larger than 80%and 3.5 dB,respectively,even under oblique incidence.To the best of our knowledge,this is the best one-way-transmission effect observed in the reciprocity optical diode-like devices.In addition,we further demonstrate that this one-way-transmission effect can bring an effective absorption enhancement on gold films.The giant,broadband and angle-insensitive one-way-transmission effect demonstrated here is far beyond the well-known anti-reflection effect in the light-trapping devices and will bring new design philosophy for nano-photonic devices.
