AIM:To conduct a randomized trial to evaluate the role ofusing high-dose iodized oil transcatheter arterialchemosmbolization(TACE)in the treatment of largehepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:From January 1993 to Jun...AIM:To conduct a randomized trial to evaluate the role ofusing high-dose iodized oil transcatheter arterialchemosmbolization(TACE)in the treatment of largehepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:From January 1993 to June 1998,473 patientswith unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma ware divided intotwo groups:216 patients in group A received more than20mL iodized oil during the first TACE treatment;257patients in group B received 5-15mL iodized oil in the sameway.The Child's classification and ICG-R15 for evaluatingthe liver function of the patients ware done before thetreatment.During the TACE procedure the catheters wasinserted into the target artery selectively and the tumorvessels ware demonstrated with contrast medium in thehepatic angiography.The anticancar drugs mixed withiodized oil(Lipiodol)ware Epirubicin and Mitomycin.Ingroup A,112 cases received 20-29mL Lipiodol in the firstprocedure,85 cases 30-39mL,19 cases more than 40mL.The largest dose was 53 mL and the average dose was28.3mL.In group B,119 cases received 5-10mL Lipiodol,138 cases received 11-15mL,and the average dose was11.8mL.RESULTS:High-dose Lipiodol chemoembolization causedtolerable side effects and a little hurt to the liver function inthe patients with Child grade A or ICG-R15<20.But thepatients with child grade B or ICG-R15>20 had higher risk ofliver failure after high-dose TACE.More type Ⅱ and type Ⅱlipiodol accumulations in CT scan after 4 weeks of TACEware seen in the group A patients than those in the group Bpatients(P<0.01).The resection rate and complete tumornecrosis rate in group A ware higher than those of group B(P<0.05).The 1-,2-,3-year survival rates of group Apatients with Child grade A ware 79.2%,51.8% and 34.9%,respectively,better then those of group B(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:High-dose Lipiodol can result in morecomplete tumor necrosis by blocking both arteries and small portal veins of the tumor.High-dose TACE for treatment oflarge and hypervascular hepatocallular carcinoma ispractically acceptable with the better effect than 展开更多
AIM:To study the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB) on the expression of pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1(PDX-1) and pancreatic β-cell regeneration/neogenesis,and their possible mechanisms in diabetics.METHODS:T...AIM:To study the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB) on the expression of pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1(PDX-1) and pancreatic β-cell regeneration/neogenesis,and their possible mechanisms in diabetics.METHODS:Three groups of randomly selected nonobese diabetic Goto-Kakizaki(GK) rats were subjected to RYGB,sham-RYGB and sham-operation(sham-op) surgery,respectively.The rats were euthanized at postoperative 1,2,4 and 12 wk.Their pancreases were resected and analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to detect the mRNA of PDX-1.Anti-PDX-1 immunohistochemical(IHC) staining and Western blotting were used to detect the protein of PDX-1.Double IHC staining of anti-Brdu and-insulin was performed to detect regenerated β-cells.The index of double Brdu and insulin positive cells was calculated.RESULTS:In comparison with sham-RYGB and sham-op groups,a significant increase in the expressions of PDX-1 mRNA in RYGB group was observed at all experimental time points(1 wk:0.378 ± 0.013 vs 0.120 ± 0.010,0.100 ± 0.010,F = 727.717,P < 0.001;2 wk:0.318 ± 0.013 vs 0.110 ± 0.010,0.143 ± 0.015,F = 301.509,P < 0.001;4 wk:0.172 ± 0.011 vs 0.107 ± 0.012,0.090 ± 0.010,F = 64.297,P < 0.001;12 wk:0.140 ± 0.007 vs 0.120 ± 0.010,0.097 ± 0.015,F = 16.392,P < 0.001);PDX-1 protein in RYGB group was also increased significantly(1 wk:0.61 ± 0.01 vs 0.21 ± 0.01,0.15 ± 0.01,F = 3031.127,P < 0.001;2 wk:0.55 ± 0.00 vs 0.15 ± 0.01,0.17 ± 0.01,F = 3426.455,P < 0.001;4 wk:0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.18 ± 0.01,0.22 ± 0.01,F = 882.909,P < 0.001;12 wk:0.41 ± 0.01 vs 0.20 ± 0.01,0.18 ± 0.01,F = 515.833,P < 0.001).PDX-1 mRNA and PDX-1 protein production showed no statistical significance between the two sham groups.Many PDX-1 positive cells could be found in the pancreatic islets of the rats in RYGB group at all time points.In addition,the percentage of Brdu-insulin double staining positive cells was higher in RYGB group than in the other two groups(1 wk:0.22 ± 0.13 vs 0.03 ± 0.06,0.03 ± 0.06,P < 0.05;2 wk:0.28 ± 0.08展开更多
离子回旋射频(Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies,ICRF)波加热是托卡马克装置上至关重要的辅助加热方式之一。托卡马克装置中国环流三号(HL-3,原名HL-2M)拟安装加热功率为6 MW的ICRF加热系统。本工作利用TRANSP程序,模拟并研究了ICRF...离子回旋射频(Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies,ICRF)波加热是托卡马克装置上至关重要的辅助加热方式之一。托卡马克装置中国环流三号(HL-3,原名HL-2M)拟安装加热功率为6 MW的ICRF加热系统。本工作利用TRANSP程序,模拟并研究了ICRF加热的频率和功率对聚变中子产额以及快离子分布的影响。研究结果表明:ICRF的频率和功率对中子产额有显著影响,固定ICRF频率时,中子产额与加热功率成正比关系,而在固定ICRF加热功率的情况下,中子产额的增加幅度显著依赖ICRF的频率,在研究参数范围内,30 MHz的ICRF对中子产额的增加具有最显著的增强作用。快离子分布的模拟结果显示,在考虑ICRF加热后,中性束和ICRF的协同加热机制能够将快离子加热至最高1 MeV,有效地提高了中子产额。此外,基于中子相机诊断的概念对中子信号进行了仿真。结果表明,中子相机能够有效地测量到由ICRF加热导致的中子产额高低和分布剖面的变化,这为将来优化中子相机诊断系统设计和测量中子空间分布提供了一定的参考。展开更多
Jinshan gold deposit is located in northeastern Jiangxi,South China,which is related to the ductile shear zone.It has a gold reserve of more than 200 tons,with 80%of gold occurring in pyrite. The LREE of gold-bearing ...Jinshan gold deposit is located in northeastern Jiangxi,South China,which is related to the ductile shear zone.It has a gold reserve of more than 200 tons,with 80%of gold occurring in pyrite. The LREE of gold-bearing pyrite is as higher as 171.664 ppm on average,with relatively higher light rare earth elements（LREE;159.556 ppm） and lower HREE（12.108 ppm）.TheΣLREE/ΣHREE ratio is 12.612 and（La/Yb）_N is 11.765.These indicate that pyrite is rich in LREE.The（La/Sm）_N ratio is 3.758 and that of（Gd/Yb）_N is 1.695.These are obvious LREE fractionations.The rare earth element（REE） distribution patterns show obvious Eu anomaly with averageδEu values of 0.664,andδCe anomalies of 1.044.REE characteristics are similar to those of wall rocks（regional metamorphic rocks）,but different from those of the Dexing granodiorite porphyry and Damaoshan biotite granite.These features indicate that the ore-forming materials in the Jinshan gold deposit derived from the wall rocks, and the ore-forming fluids derived from metamorphic water.The Co/Ni ratio（average value 0.38） of pyrite suggests that the Jinshan gold deposit formed under a medium-low temperature.It is inferred from the values of high-field strength elements,LREE,Hf/Sm,Nb/La,and Th/La of the pyrite that the ore-forming fluids of the Jinshan gold deposit derived from metamorphic water with Cl〉F.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)remains an enormous challenge to human health worldwide.Unfortunately,the mechanism underlying CRC progression is not well understood.Mounting evidence has confirmed that exosomes play a vital ro...Colorectal cancer(CRC)remains an enormous challenge to human health worldwide.Unfortunately,the mechanism underlying CRC progression is not well understood.Mounting evidence has confirmed that exosomes play a vital role in CRC progression,which has attracted extensive attention among researchers.In addition to acting as messengers between CRC cells,exosomes also participate in the CRC immunomodulatory process and reshape immune function.As stable message carriers and liquid biopsy option under development,exosomes are promising biomarkers in the diagnosis or treatment of CRC.In this review we have described and analyzed the biogenesis and release of exosomes and current research on the role of exosomes in immune regulation and metastasis of CRC.Moreover,we have discussed candidate exosomal molecules as potential biomarkers to diagnose CRC,predict CRC progression,or determine CRC chemoresistance,and described the significance of exosomes in the immunotherapy of CRC.This review provides insight to further understand the role of exosomes in CRC progression and identify valuable biomarkers that facilitate the clinical management of CRC patients.展开更多
The Jinshan gold deposit is located in the Northeast Jiangxi province,South China,which related to the ductile shear zone.It contains two ore types,i.e.the alteration-type ore and the goldbearing quartz vein ore.Rb-Sr...The Jinshan gold deposit is located in the Northeast Jiangxi province,South China,which related to the ductile shear zone.It contains two ore types,i.e.the alteration-type ore and the goldbearing quartz vein ore.Rb-Sr age dating is applied to both gold-bearing pyrite in the alteration-type ore and fluid inclusion in the gold-bearing quartz vein to make clear the time of the gold mineralization of the Jinshan deposit.Analytical results of this study yielded that the age of the alteration-type ore bodies is about 838±110Ma,with an initial 87Sr/86Sr value of 0.7045±0.0020.However,the age of the gold-bearing quartz vein-type ore is about 379±49Ma,and the initial 87Sr/86Sr is 0.7138±0.0011.Based on the age data from this work and many previous studies,the authors consider that the Jinshan gold deposit is a product of multi-staged mineralization,which may include the Jinninian,Caledonian,Hercynian,and Yanshanian Periods.Among them,the Jinninian Period and the Hercynian Period might be the two most important ore-forming periods for Jinshan deposit.The Jinninian Period is the main stage for the formation of alteration-type ore bodies,while the Hercynian Period is the major time for ore bodies of gold-bearing quartz vein type.The initial values of the 87Sr/86Sr from this study,as well as the previous isotope and trace element studies,indicate that the ore-forming materials mainly derived from the metamorphic wall rocks,and the ore-forming fluids mainly originated from the deep metamorphic water.展开更多
基金the"9.5"National Major Project of National Committee of Sciences and Technology,No.96-907-03-02
文摘AIM:To conduct a randomized trial to evaluate the role ofusing high-dose iodized oil transcatheter arterialchemosmbolization(TACE)in the treatment of largehepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:From January 1993 to June 1998,473 patientswith unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma ware divided intotwo groups:216 patients in group A received more than20mL iodized oil during the first TACE treatment;257patients in group B received 5-15mL iodized oil in the sameway.The Child's classification and ICG-R15 for evaluatingthe liver function of the patients ware done before thetreatment.During the TACE procedure the catheters wasinserted into the target artery selectively and the tumorvessels ware demonstrated with contrast medium in thehepatic angiography.The anticancar drugs mixed withiodized oil(Lipiodol)ware Epirubicin and Mitomycin.Ingroup A,112 cases received 20-29mL Lipiodol in the firstprocedure,85 cases 30-39mL,19 cases more than 40mL.The largest dose was 53 mL and the average dose was28.3mL.In group B,119 cases received 5-10mL Lipiodol,138 cases received 11-15mL,and the average dose was11.8mL.RESULTS:High-dose Lipiodol chemoembolization causedtolerable side effects and a little hurt to the liver function inthe patients with Child grade A or ICG-R15<20.But thepatients with child grade B or ICG-R15>20 had higher risk ofliver failure after high-dose TACE.More type Ⅱ and type Ⅱlipiodol accumulations in CT scan after 4 weeks of TACEware seen in the group A patients than those in the group Bpatients(P<0.01).The resection rate and complete tumornecrosis rate in group A ware higher than those of group B(P<0.05).The 1-,2-,3-year survival rates of group Apatients with Child grade A ware 79.2%,51.8% and 34.9%,respectively,better then those of group B(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:High-dose Lipiodol can result in morecomplete tumor necrosis by blocking both arteries and small portal veins of the tumor.High-dose TACE for treatment oflarge and hypervascular hepatocallular carcinoma ispractically acceptable with the better effect than
基金Supported by The National Basic Research Program (973 Program),No 2007CB512705National Natural Science Foundation of China,No 30801464
文摘AIM:To study the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB) on the expression of pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1(PDX-1) and pancreatic β-cell regeneration/neogenesis,and their possible mechanisms in diabetics.METHODS:Three groups of randomly selected nonobese diabetic Goto-Kakizaki(GK) rats were subjected to RYGB,sham-RYGB and sham-operation(sham-op) surgery,respectively.The rats were euthanized at postoperative 1,2,4 and 12 wk.Their pancreases were resected and analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to detect the mRNA of PDX-1.Anti-PDX-1 immunohistochemical(IHC) staining and Western blotting were used to detect the protein of PDX-1.Double IHC staining of anti-Brdu and-insulin was performed to detect regenerated β-cells.The index of double Brdu and insulin positive cells was calculated.RESULTS:In comparison with sham-RYGB and sham-op groups,a significant increase in the expressions of PDX-1 mRNA in RYGB group was observed at all experimental time points(1 wk:0.378 ± 0.013 vs 0.120 ± 0.010,0.100 ± 0.010,F = 727.717,P < 0.001;2 wk:0.318 ± 0.013 vs 0.110 ± 0.010,0.143 ± 0.015,F = 301.509,P < 0.001;4 wk:0.172 ± 0.011 vs 0.107 ± 0.012,0.090 ± 0.010,F = 64.297,P < 0.001;12 wk:0.140 ± 0.007 vs 0.120 ± 0.010,0.097 ± 0.015,F = 16.392,P < 0.001);PDX-1 protein in RYGB group was also increased significantly(1 wk:0.61 ± 0.01 vs 0.21 ± 0.01,0.15 ± 0.01,F = 3031.127,P < 0.001;2 wk:0.55 ± 0.00 vs 0.15 ± 0.01,0.17 ± 0.01,F = 3426.455,P < 0.001;4 wk:0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.18 ± 0.01,0.22 ± 0.01,F = 882.909,P < 0.001;12 wk:0.41 ± 0.01 vs 0.20 ± 0.01,0.18 ± 0.01,F = 515.833,P < 0.001).PDX-1 mRNA and PDX-1 protein production showed no statistical significance between the two sham groups.Many PDX-1 positive cells could be found in the pancreatic islets of the rats in RYGB group at all time points.In addition,the percentage of Brdu-insulin double staining positive cells was higher in RYGB group than in the other two groups(1 wk:0.22 ± 0.13 vs 0.03 ± 0.06,0.03 ± 0.06,P < 0.05;2 wk:0.28 ± 0.08
文摘离子回旋射频(Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies,ICRF)波加热是托卡马克装置上至关重要的辅助加热方式之一。托卡马克装置中国环流三号(HL-3,原名HL-2M)拟安装加热功率为6 MW的ICRF加热系统。本工作利用TRANSP程序,模拟并研究了ICRF加热的频率和功率对聚变中子产额以及快离子分布的影响。研究结果表明:ICRF的频率和功率对中子产额有显著影响,固定ICRF频率时,中子产额与加热功率成正比关系,而在固定ICRF加热功率的情况下,中子产额的增加幅度显著依赖ICRF的频率,在研究参数范围内,30 MHz的ICRF对中子产额的增加具有最显著的增强作用。快离子分布的模拟结果显示,在考虑ICRF加热后,中性束和ICRF的协同加热机制能够将快离子加热至最高1 MeV,有效地提高了中子产额。此外,基于中子相机诊断的概念对中子信号进行了仿真。结果表明,中子相机能够有效地测量到由ICRF加热导致的中子产额高低和分布剖面的变化,这为将来优化中子相机诊断系统设计和测量中子空间分布提供了一定的参考。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 40373025)
文摘Jinshan gold deposit is located in northeastern Jiangxi,South China,which is related to the ductile shear zone.It has a gold reserve of more than 200 tons,with 80%of gold occurring in pyrite. The LREE of gold-bearing pyrite is as higher as 171.664 ppm on average,with relatively higher light rare earth elements（LREE;159.556 ppm） and lower HREE（12.108 ppm）.TheΣLREE/ΣHREE ratio is 12.612 and（La/Yb）_N is 11.765.These indicate that pyrite is rich in LREE.The（La/Sm）_N ratio is 3.758 and that of（Gd/Yb）_N is 1.695.These are obvious LREE fractionations.The rare earth element（REE） distribution patterns show obvious Eu anomaly with averageδEu values of 0.664,andδCe anomalies of 1.044.REE characteristics are similar to those of wall rocks（regional metamorphic rocks）,but different from those of the Dexing granodiorite porphyry and Damaoshan biotite granite.These features indicate that the ore-forming materials in the Jinshan gold deposit derived from the wall rocks, and the ore-forming fluids derived from metamorphic water.The Co/Ni ratio（average value 0.38） of pyrite suggests that the Jinshan gold deposit formed under a medium-low temperature.It is inferred from the values of high-field strength elements,LREE,Hf/Sm,Nb/La,and Th/La of the pyrite that the ore-forming fluids of the Jinshan gold deposit derived from metamorphic water with Cl〉F.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82222058,82073197,81871913,81972224,and 82273142).
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)remains an enormous challenge to human health worldwide.Unfortunately,the mechanism underlying CRC progression is not well understood.Mounting evidence has confirmed that exosomes play a vital role in CRC progression,which has attracted extensive attention among researchers.In addition to acting as messengers between CRC cells,exosomes also participate in the CRC immunomodulatory process and reshape immune function.As stable message carriers and liquid biopsy option under development,exosomes are promising biomarkers in the diagnosis or treatment of CRC.In this review we have described and analyzed the biogenesis and release of exosomes and current research on the role of exosomes in immune regulation and metastasis of CRC.Moreover,we have discussed candidate exosomal molecules as potential biomarkers to diagnose CRC,predict CRC progression,or determine CRC chemoresistance,and described the significance of exosomes in the immunotherapy of CRC.This review provides insight to further understand the role of exosomes in CRC progression and identify valuable biomarkers that facilitate the clinical management of CRC patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41202083, 40373025)the Research Award Fund for Outstanding Middle-aged and Young Scientist of Shandong Province (BS2013HZ024)
文摘The Jinshan gold deposit is located in the Northeast Jiangxi province,South China,which related to the ductile shear zone.It contains two ore types,i.e.the alteration-type ore and the goldbearing quartz vein ore.Rb-Sr age dating is applied to both gold-bearing pyrite in the alteration-type ore and fluid inclusion in the gold-bearing quartz vein to make clear the time of the gold mineralization of the Jinshan deposit.Analytical results of this study yielded that the age of the alteration-type ore bodies is about 838±110Ma,with an initial 87Sr/86Sr value of 0.7045±0.0020.However,the age of the gold-bearing quartz vein-type ore is about 379±49Ma,and the initial 87Sr/86Sr is 0.7138±0.0011.Based on the age data from this work and many previous studies,the authors consider that the Jinshan gold deposit is a product of multi-staged mineralization,which may include the Jinninian,Caledonian,Hercynian,and Yanshanian Periods.Among them,the Jinninian Period and the Hercynian Period might be the two most important ore-forming periods for Jinshan deposit.The Jinninian Period is the main stage for the formation of alteration-type ore bodies,while the Hercynian Period is the major time for ore bodies of gold-bearing quartz vein type.The initial values of the 87Sr/86Sr from this study,as well as the previous isotope and trace element studies,indicate that the ore-forming materials mainly derived from the metamorphic wall rocks,and the ore-forming fluids mainly originated from the deep metamorphic water.
