<strong>Background:</strong> <span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The neonatal mortality rate in the Central African Republic (CAR) is 42.3 pe...<strong>Background:</strong> <span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The neonatal mortality rate in the Central African Republic (CAR) is 42.3 per 1000 live births in 2017, indicating that CAR is with the highest number of newborn deaths. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> T</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">he objective is t</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">o clarify the risk factors of neonatal deaths in this area. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> A case-control study with retrospective data collection. Targets were newborns >7 days, hospitalized and dead (cases), and newborns admitted after the respective case during the study period and discharged before the 7</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">th</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> day of life. This study was carried out between 2016 and 2018 in the neonatal unit of the “Complexe Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique de Bangui” (CHUPB), the only national hospital for newborns care in the CAR. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> We included 902 newborns, with 451 cases of early neonatal death and 451 controls. 4168 newborns were admitted to the neonatology unit with 621 early death cases;a lethality rate of 14.9%. Early neonatal deaths factors were: newborns with low birth weight (OR = 22.59;95% CI [15.93 - 32.04];</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P < 0.001);mothers who did not attend antenatal care (OR = 5.54;95% CI [3.95 - 7.79];P < 0.001), home delivery (OR = 0.70;95% CI [0.03 - 0.15];P < 0.001);young maternal age <</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">25 years (OR = 2.08;95% CI [1.58 - 2.73];P < 0.001);non-medical transport (OR = 2.14;95% CI [1.03 - 4.46];P = 0.03);ori展开更多
Despite the widespread domestic use of pyrethroid insecticides, very few cases of poisoning are reported in the literature, especially in children. The manifestations are generally benign, and the management is contro...Despite the widespread domestic use of pyrethroid insecticides, very few cases of poisoning are reported in the literature, especially in children. The manifestations are generally benign, and the management is controversial. We report a case of severe intoxication in a 2-month-old infant, initially treated as bronchiolitis, which progressed favorably under atropine. This case illustrates on the one hand the importance of looking for the notion of a spray in the sudden onset of respiratory distress in the infant, and on the other hand monitoring any intoxication with pyrethroids in a small infant in order to consider a treatment with atropine sulfate in case of the occurrence of a muscarinic syndrome.展开更多
Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are recognized as an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization among children in developing countries. Objectives: To identify the respiratory viruses ...Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are recognized as an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization among children in developing countries. Objectives: To identify the respiratory viruses circulating in Central African children before the SARS-COV2 pandemic and to assess the clinical manifestations. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter study, run from March 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020. Children aged 28 days to 15 year-old, with respiratory symptoms ≤10 days had been included. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken and sent to the Institute Pasteur in Bangui (WHO National Referral Center for influenza). Virus research was done by cell and molecular culture techniques. Data were recorded and processed with Access 2019 software, then analyzed with STATA version 14 software. Chi-square test and ANOVA test were used to compare proportions at the p 0.05 threshold. Results: Out of 659 children included during the study period, viruses were identified in 231 children, for an overall positivity rate of 35.05% (231/659). Rhinoviruses (RV) and influenza viruses were found in 66.23% and 16.88% respectively. Virus-virus co-infections were found in 10 (10/231) children (4.32%). Children under 5 years of age were more represented (78.60%). The main reasons for consultation were: fever (96.20%), cough (95.45%), runny nose (78.5%), and breathing difficulty (30.50%). ILI (Influenza-Like Illness) was found in 71.02% versus 28.98% of SARI (Severe Acute Respiratory Infection). There was a statistically significant association between age 5 years and severity of acute respiratory infection (p = 0.001). The outcome was known for the 122 children at the CHUPB site with a mortality rate of 17.21% (n = 21). Conclusion: Viral ARI is common in children in Central African Republic. Care givers should think about it in order to reduce the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics.展开更多
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> <span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The neonatal mortality rate in the Central African Republic (CAR) is 42.3 per 1000 live births in 2017, indicating that CAR is with the highest number of newborn deaths. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> T</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">he objective is t</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">o clarify the risk factors of neonatal deaths in this area. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> A case-control study with retrospective data collection. Targets were newborns >7 days, hospitalized and dead (cases), and newborns admitted after the respective case during the study period and discharged before the 7</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">th</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> day of life. This study was carried out between 2016 and 2018 in the neonatal unit of the “Complexe Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique de Bangui” (CHUPB), the only national hospital for newborns care in the CAR. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> We included 902 newborns, with 451 cases of early neonatal death and 451 controls. 4168 newborns were admitted to the neonatology unit with 621 early death cases;a lethality rate of 14.9%. Early neonatal deaths factors were: newborns with low birth weight (OR = 22.59;95% CI [15.93 - 32.04];</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P < 0.001);mothers who did not attend antenatal care (OR = 5.54;95% CI [3.95 - 7.79];P < 0.001), home delivery (OR = 0.70;95% CI [0.03 - 0.15];P < 0.001);young maternal age <</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">25 years (OR = 2.08;95% CI [1.58 - 2.73];P < 0.001);non-medical transport (OR = 2.14;95% CI [1.03 - 4.46];P = 0.03);ori
文摘Despite the widespread domestic use of pyrethroid insecticides, very few cases of poisoning are reported in the literature, especially in children. The manifestations are generally benign, and the management is controversial. We report a case of severe intoxication in a 2-month-old infant, initially treated as bronchiolitis, which progressed favorably under atropine. This case illustrates on the one hand the importance of looking for the notion of a spray in the sudden onset of respiratory distress in the infant, and on the other hand monitoring any intoxication with pyrethroids in a small infant in order to consider a treatment with atropine sulfate in case of the occurrence of a muscarinic syndrome.
文摘Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are recognized as an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization among children in developing countries. Objectives: To identify the respiratory viruses circulating in Central African children before the SARS-COV2 pandemic and to assess the clinical manifestations. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter study, run from March 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020. Children aged 28 days to 15 year-old, with respiratory symptoms ≤10 days had been included. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken and sent to the Institute Pasteur in Bangui (WHO National Referral Center for influenza). Virus research was done by cell and molecular culture techniques. Data were recorded and processed with Access 2019 software, then analyzed with STATA version 14 software. Chi-square test and ANOVA test were used to compare proportions at the p 0.05 threshold. Results: Out of 659 children included during the study period, viruses were identified in 231 children, for an overall positivity rate of 35.05% (231/659). Rhinoviruses (RV) and influenza viruses were found in 66.23% and 16.88% respectively. Virus-virus co-infections were found in 10 (10/231) children (4.32%). Children under 5 years of age were more represented (78.60%). The main reasons for consultation were: fever (96.20%), cough (95.45%), runny nose (78.5%), and breathing difficulty (30.50%). ILI (Influenza-Like Illness) was found in 71.02% versus 28.98% of SARI (Severe Acute Respiratory Infection). There was a statistically significant association between age 5 years and severity of acute respiratory infection (p = 0.001). The outcome was known for the 122 children at the CHUPB site with a mortality rate of 17.21% (n = 21). Conclusion: Viral ARI is common in children in Central African Republic. Care givers should think about it in order to reduce the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics.
