背景：以前的血管内超声（intravascular ultrasound，IVUS）试验证实，他汀治疗可减缓或阻止动脉粥样硬化的进展，但是迄今尚无应用动脉粥样斑块体积百分比（percent atheroma volume，PAV）证实粥样硬化消退的确切证据。PAV是最严格...背景：以前的血管内超声（intravascular ultrasound，IVUS）试验证实，他汀治疗可减缓或阻止动脉粥样硬化的进展，但是迄今尚无应用动脉粥样斑块体积百分比（percent atheroma volume，PAV）证实粥样硬化消退的确切证据。PAV是最严格的评价病变进展和消退的IVUS测量指标。
目标：评价极高强度他汀治疗是否能逆转IVUS确定的冠状动脉粥样硬化。
设计和地点：于美国、加拿大、欧洲和澳大利亚53个社区和3级保健中心进行前瞻性开标盲法终点试验（A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Rosuvastatin on Intravascular Ultrasound-Derived Coronary Atheroma Burden，ASTEROID）。应用马达驱动回撤IVUS评价基线和治疗24个月时冠状动脉粥样斑块负荷。每对基线和随访IVUS测量结果均进行盲法分析。
病例：从2002年11月到2003年10月，507例患者有基线IVUS检查结果，并接受至少1个剂量的研究药物。在24个月后，349例患者具有可用于评估的系列IVUS检查结果。
干预：所有患者均接受瑞舒伐他汀40ms／d强化治疗。
主要观测指标：预先设定了两个一级疗效指标：PAV变化和基线最严重病变10min节段动脉粥样斑块体积变化。二级疗效指标为整个动脉标准化总斑块体积的变化。结果：平均（SD）LDL—C水平由基线时的130．4（34．3）ms／dL降至60．8（20．0）ms／扎，平均下降了53．2％（P〈0．001）。平均（SD）HDL-C水平从基线时的43．1（11．1）ms／dL升至49．0（12．6）ms／dL，平均增加了14．7％（P〈0．001）。整个血管PAV平均（SD）变化为-0．98％（3．15％），中位数为-0．79％（97．5％CI，-1．21％～-0．53％）（与基线比较，P〈0．001）。最严重病变10min节段斑块体积平均（SD）变化为-6．1（10．1）mm^3，中位数为-5．6mm^3（97．5％CI，-6．8～-4．0mm^3）（与基线比较，P〈0．001）。总斑块体积变化中位数降低了6．8％，�展开更多
Hydrogen absorption and desorption characteristics for high coercivity NdDyFeCoNbCuB sintered bulk magnets were studied, by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） measurement and hydrogenation kinetics measurement....Hydrogen absorption and desorption characteristics for high coercivity NdDyFeCoNbCuB sintered bulk magnets were studied, by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） measurement and hydrogenation kinetics measurement. The DSC measurements showed that hydrogenation of Nd-rich phase occurred in the temperature range of 40-185 ℃, hydrogenation of the tetragonal （Ф） phase in the temperature range of 185-220 ℃, as well as the disproportionation of the Ф phase that occurred in a broad temperature range from around 500 to 800 ℃. The hydrogenation kinetics measurements indicated that hydrogen absorption of the bulk magnets at 50 ℃ absorbed more hydrogen than at 150 ℃, although this procedure was slower at 50 ℃ than at 150℃. This phenomenon was discussed by means of pressure-concentration-temperature （p-c-T） diagrams.展开更多
Anisotropic powder was prepared with precursor （NdDy）-（FeCoNbCu）-B sintered magnets by hydrogen decrepitation, desorption, and subsequent annealing treatment. The hydrogen desorption was performed in magnetic fiel...Anisotropic powder was prepared with precursor （NdDy）-（FeCoNbCu）-B sintered magnets by hydrogen decrepitation, desorption, and subsequent annealing treatment. The hydrogen desorption was performed in magnetic fields of 0, 1, 3, and 5 T. The orientation of tetragonal phase grains of the powder was evaluated from the hysteresis loops measured by extraction magnetometer. Residual hydrogen content of the powder was evaluated by thermal-magnetic analysis. The powder with Hcj, Br, and （BH）max of 1138 kA.m^-1, 1.029 T, and 172.5 kJ.m^-3, respectively, was achieved under the condition of the magnetic field of 3 T. Magnetic properties of the powder, especially, the remanence of the powder, are enhanced upon magnetic fields, which is due to better orientation of powder particles and less residual hydrogen in the powder resulted from the magnetic field during the hydrogen desorption process.展开更多
Magnesium and its alloys are the most investigated materials for solid-state hydrogen storage in the form of metal hydrides,but there are still unresolved problems with the kinetics and thermodynamics of hydrogenation...Magnesium and its alloys are the most investigated materials for solid-state hydrogen storage in the form of metal hydrides,but there are still unresolved problems with the kinetics and thermodynamics of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of this group of materials.Severe plastic deformation(SPD)methods,such as equal-channel angular pressing(ECAP),high-pressure torsion(HPT),intensive rolling,and fast forging,have been widely used to enhance the activation,air resistance,and hydrogenation/dehydrogenation kinetics of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials by introducing ultrafine/nanoscale grains and crystal lattice defects.These severely deformed materials,particularly in the presence of alloying additives or second-phase nanoparticles,can show not only fast hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics but also good cycling stability.It was shown that some materials that are apparently inert to hydrogen can absorb hydrogen after SPD processing.Moreover,the SPD methods were effectively used for hydrogen binding-energy engineering and synthesizing new magnesium alloys with low thermodynamic stability for reversible low/room-temperature hydrogen storage,such as nanoglasses,high-entropy alloys,and metastable phases including the high-pressureγ-MgH2 polymorph.This work reviews recent advances in the development of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials by SPD processing and discusses their potential in future applications.展开更多
Liver X receptors(LXRs)are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily,which have been implicated in lipid ho-meostasis and more recently in glucose metabolism.Here,we show that glucose does not change LXRα protein l...Liver X receptors(LXRs)are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily,which have been implicated in lipid ho-meostasis and more recently in glucose metabolism.Here,we show that glucose does not change LXRα protein level,but affects its localization in pancreatic β-cells.LXRα is found in the nucleus at 8 mM glucose and in the cytoplasm at4.2 mM.Addition of glucose translocates LXRα from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.Moreover,after the activation ofLXR by its synthetic non-steroidal agonist(T0901317),insulin secretion and glucose uptake are increased at 8 mM anddecreased at 4.2 mM glucose in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore,at low glucose condition,okadaic acid reversedLXRα effect on insulin secretion,suggesting the involvement of glucose signaling through a phosphorylation-dependentmechanism.展开更多
文摘背景：以前的血管内超声（intravascular ultrasound，IVUS）试验证实，他汀治疗可减缓或阻止动脉粥样硬化的进展，但是迄今尚无应用动脉粥样斑块体积百分比（percent atheroma volume，PAV）证实粥样硬化消退的确切证据。PAV是最严格的评价病变进展和消退的IVUS测量指标。
目标：评价极高强度他汀治疗是否能逆转IVUS确定的冠状动脉粥样硬化。
设计和地点：于美国、加拿大、欧洲和澳大利亚53个社区和3级保健中心进行前瞻性开标盲法终点试验（A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Rosuvastatin on Intravascular Ultrasound-Derived Coronary Atheroma Burden，ASTEROID）。应用马达驱动回撤IVUS评价基线和治疗24个月时冠状动脉粥样斑块负荷。每对基线和随访IVUS测量结果均进行盲法分析。
病例：从2002年11月到2003年10月，507例患者有基线IVUS检查结果，并接受至少1个剂量的研究药物。在24个月后，349例患者具有可用于评估的系列IVUS检查结果。
干预：所有患者均接受瑞舒伐他汀40ms／d强化治疗。
主要观测指标：预先设定了两个一级疗效指标：PAV变化和基线最严重病变10min节段动脉粥样斑块体积变化。二级疗效指标为整个动脉标准化总斑块体积的变化。结果：平均（SD）LDL—C水平由基线时的130．4（34．3）ms／dL降至60．8（20．0）ms／扎，平均下降了53．2％（P〈0．001）。平均（SD）HDL-C水平从基线时的43．1（11．1）ms／dL升至49．0（12．6）ms／dL，平均增加了14．7％（P〈0．001）。整个血管PAV平均（SD）变化为-0．98％（3．15％），中位数为-0．79％（97．5％CI，-1．21％～-0．53％）（与基线比较，P〈0．001）。最严重病变10min节段斑块体积平均（SD）变化为-6．1（10．1）mm^3，中位数为-5．6mm^3（97．5％CI，-6．8～-4．0mm^3）（与基线比较，P〈0．001）。总斑块体积变化中位数降低了6．8％，�
文摘Hydrogen absorption and desorption characteristics for high coercivity NdDyFeCoNbCuB sintered bulk magnets were studied, by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） measurement and hydrogenation kinetics measurement. The DSC measurements showed that hydrogenation of Nd-rich phase occurred in the temperature range of 40-185 ℃, hydrogenation of the tetragonal （Ф） phase in the temperature range of 185-220 ℃, as well as the disproportionation of the Ф phase that occurred in a broad temperature range from around 500 to 800 ℃. The hydrogenation kinetics measurements indicated that hydrogen absorption of the bulk magnets at 50 ℃ absorbed more hydrogen than at 150 ℃, although this procedure was slower at 50 ℃ than at 150℃. This phenomenon was discussed by means of pressure-concentration-temperature （p-c-T） diagrams.
基金the French Embassy in Beijing for provision of a collaborative research grant as part of a co-research program under the frame of LIA-LAS2M between Northwestern Polytechnic University-Xi'an,China and CNRS-Grenoble,France
文摘Anisotropic powder was prepared with precursor （NdDy）-（FeCoNbCu）-B sintered magnets by hydrogen decrepitation, desorption, and subsequent annealing treatment. The hydrogen desorption was performed in magnetic fields of 0, 1, 3, and 5 T. The orientation of tetragonal phase grains of the powder was evaluated from the hysteresis loops measured by extraction magnetometer. Residual hydrogen content of the powder was evaluated by thermal-magnetic analysis. The powder with Hcj, Br, and （BH）max of 1138 kA.m^-1, 1.029 T, and 172.5 kJ.m^-3, respectively, was achieved under the condition of the magnetic field of 3 T. Magnetic properties of the powder, especially, the remanence of the powder, are enhanced upon magnetic fields, which is due to better orientation of powder particles and less residual hydrogen in the powder resulted from the magnetic field during the hydrogen desorption process.
基金supported in part by the Light Metals Educational Foundation of Japan,and in part by the MEXT,Japan through Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas(Nos.JP19H05176&JP21H00150)the Challenging Research Exploratory(Grant No.JP22K18737)+6 种基金W.J.Botta is grateful to the Brazilian agencies FAPESP(Grant No.2013/05987-8)CNPq(Grant Nos.421181-2018-4 and 307397-2019-0)the financial support and to the Laboratory of Structural Characterization(LCE-DEMa-UFSCar)for general electron microscopy facilities.R.Floriano thanks for the financial support from FAPESP(Grant No.2022/01351-0)support from the French State through the ANR-21-CE08-0034-01 project as well as the program“Investment in the future”operated by the National Research Agency(ANR)referenced under No.ANR-11-LABX-0008-01(Labex DAMAS)support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52171205)support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52071157).
文摘Magnesium and its alloys are the most investigated materials for solid-state hydrogen storage in the form of metal hydrides,but there are still unresolved problems with the kinetics and thermodynamics of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of this group of materials.Severe plastic deformation(SPD)methods,such as equal-channel angular pressing(ECAP),high-pressure torsion(HPT),intensive rolling,and fast forging,have been widely used to enhance the activation,air resistance,and hydrogenation/dehydrogenation kinetics of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials by introducing ultrafine/nanoscale grains and crystal lattice defects.These severely deformed materials,particularly in the presence of alloying additives or second-phase nanoparticles,can show not only fast hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics but also good cycling stability.It was shown that some materials that are apparently inert to hydrogen can absorb hydrogen after SPD processing.Moreover,the SPD methods were effectively used for hydrogen binding-energy engineering and synthesizing new magnesium alloys with low thermodynamic stability for reversible low/room-temperature hydrogen storage,such as nanoglasses,high-entropy alloys,and metastable phases including the high-pressureγ-MgH2 polymorph.This work reviews recent advances in the development of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials by SPD processing and discusses their potential in future applications.
文摘Liver X receptors(LXRs)are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily,which have been implicated in lipid ho-meostasis and more recently in glucose metabolism.Here,we show that glucose does not change LXRα protein level,but affects its localization in pancreatic β-cells.LXRα is found in the nucleus at 8 mM glucose and in the cytoplasm at4.2 mM.Addition of glucose translocates LXRα from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.Moreover,after the activation ofLXR by its synthetic non-steroidal agonist(T0901317),insulin secretion and glucose uptake are increased at 8 mM anddecreased at 4.2 mM glucose in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore,at low glucose condition,okadaic acid reversedLXRα effect on insulin secretion,suggesting the involvement of glucose signaling through a phosphorylation-dependentmechanism.
