In December 2019, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province;and then named "2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)" by the World Health Organization(WHO) on 12 January 2020. For it is a n...In December 2019, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province;and then named "2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)" by the World Health Organization(WHO) on 12 January 2020. For it is a never been experienced respiratory disease before and with infection ability widely and quickly, it attracted the world’s attention but without treatment and control manual. For the request from frontline clinicians and public health professionals of 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia management, an evidence-based guideline urgently needs to be developed. Therefore, we drafted this guideline according to the rapid advice guidelines methodology and general rules of WHO guideline development;we also added the first-hand management data of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. This guideline includes the guideline methodology, epidemiological characteristics, disease screening and population prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control(including traditional Chinese Medicine), nosocomial infection prevention and control, and disease nursing of the 2019-nCoV. Moreover, we also provide a whole process of a successful treatment case of the severe 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia and experience and lessons of hospital rescue for 2019-nCoV infections. This rapid advice guideline is suitable for the first frontline doctors and nurses, managers of hospitals and healthcare sections, community residents, public health persons, relevant researchers, and all person who are interested in the 2019-nCoV.展开更多
Hybrid rice has contributed greatly to the self-sufficiency of food supply In China. To meet the future demand for rice production, a national program on super rice breeding was established In China In 1996. The corre...Hybrid rice has contributed greatly to the self-sufficiency of food supply In China. To meet the future demand for rice production, a national program on super rice breeding was established In China In 1996. The corresponding targets, breeding strategies and most significant advances are reviewed In this paper. New plant type models have been modified to adjust to various rice growing regions. In recognition of the Importance of applying parents with Intermediate subspecies differentiation In Increasing F1 yield, medium type parental lines were selected from populations derived from Inter-subspecies crosses with the assistance of DNA markers for subspecies differentiation. Results also indicate that a substantial increase of blomass Is the basis for further enhancement of the grain yield potential, and amelioration of leaf characteristics Is helpful In Increasing the photosynthetic rate. Thirty-four super hybrid rice varieties have been released commercially, growing In a total area of 13.5 million hm2 and producing 6.7 thousand million kg more rice In 1998-2005. Although remarkable progress has been made In super hybrid rice breeding In China, selections on the root system and Integration of more blotechnologlcal tools remain a great challenge.展开更多
In rice grains,the Waxy (Wx) gene is responsible for the synthesis of amylose,the most important determinant for eating and cooking quality.The effects of several Wx alleles on amylose content and the taste of cooked ...In rice grains,the Waxy (Wx) gene is responsible for the synthesis of amylose,the most important determinant for eating and cooking quality.The effects of several Wx alleles on amylose content and the taste of cooked rice have been elucidated.However,the relationship between artificial selection and the evolution of various Wx alleles as well as their distribution remain unclear.Here we report the identification of an ancestral allele,Wx^lv,which dramatically affects the mouthfeel of rice grains by modulating the size of amylose molecules.We demonstrated that WF originated directly from wild rice,and the three major Wx alleles in cultivated rice (Wx^b,Wx^a,and Wx^in) differentiated after the substitution of one base pair at the functional sites.These data indicate that the Wx^lv allele played an important role in artificial selection and domestication.The findings also shed light on the evolution of various Wx alleles,which have greatly contributed to improving the eating and cooking quality of rice.展开更多
Background Many basic and clinical studies have proved that anisodamine can produce significant effect on relieving microvascular spasm, improving and dredging the coronary microcirculation. It may be beneficial to th...Background Many basic and clinical studies have proved that anisodamine can produce significant effect on relieving microvascular spasm, improving and dredging the coronary microcirculation. It may be beneficial to the improvement of slow-reflow phenomenon （SRP） following percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. So we investigated the effect of intracoronary administration of anisodamine on SRP of infarct related artery （IRA） following primary PCI in patients with ST segment elevated acute myocardial infarction （STEAMI）. Methods Twenty-one patients with SRP from a total of 148 STEAMI patients accepted primary PCI were enrolled into this study from September 2004 to December 2005. When SRP happened, nitroglycerin （200 μg） was ＂bolus＂ injected firstly into IRA to exclude the spasm of epicardial artery and identify SRP as well as a baseline and self-control agent following PCI. Ten minutes later, 1000 μg of anisodamine was injected into IRA with SRP at 200 μg/s, while the coronary angiography （CAG） was taken before and at 1st, 3rd and 10th minute after administration of nitroglycerin or anisodamine, respectively. The corrected TIMI frame count （cTFC）, TIMI myocardial perfusion grade （TMPG） and the diameter of IRA were calculated and analyzed by Gibson＇s TIMI frame count method using quantitative computer angiography （QCA） system to evaluate the influence of anisodamine on coronary flow and vessel lumen. In the meantime the invasive hemodynamic parameters of intracoronary and systemic artery （systolic, diastolic and mean pressure） and electrocardiogram （ECG） were measured and monitored. The changes of ventricular performance parameters and the adverse reaction were evaluated and followed-up at 1 month post-PCI. Results No significant changes in cTFCs and TMPGs were found at 1st, 3rd and 10th minute after intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin as compared with the baseline control （P〉0.05）. cTFCs were decreased展开更多
目的:对1990年至2019年中国女性卵巢癌流行趋势及危险因素进行分析,为我国卵巢癌的预防提供更科学的依据。方法:从全球疾病负担2019数据库获取中国及其他地区卵巢癌发病、死亡及伤残调整寿命年指标的估计数和标准化率,比较评估中国卵巢...目的:对1990年至2019年中国女性卵巢癌流行趋势及危险因素进行分析,为我国卵巢癌的预防提供更科学的依据。方法:从全球疾病负担2019数据库获取中国及其他地区卵巢癌发病、死亡及伤残调整寿命年指标的估计数和标准化率,比较评估中国卵巢癌的流行负担及危险因素变化。用GLOBOCAN库对2020年至2040年中国卵巢癌发病及死亡人数进行预测。结果:1990年至2019年,中国大陆和中国台湾卵巢癌的年龄标准化发病率分别由2.56/10万和4.72/10万增至4.54/10万和8.68/10万,年龄标准化死亡率由1.76/10万和2.63/10万增至2.77/10万和3.84/10万,增幅超过全球、日本及新加坡。其中,50~54岁年龄组女性发病人数最多,发病率的峰值出现在70~74岁。2019年卵巢癌死亡的三大危险因素分别是高空腹血糖、高体质指数和职业性石棉暴露。30年间,中国卵巢癌的年龄标准化伤残调整寿命年率(disability-adjusted life year,DALY)随社会人口学指数(socio-demographic index,SDI)增加而增加。此外,据GLOBOCAN数据库预测,中国卵巢癌疾病负担会持续加重,预计到2040年,发病人数较2020年增加17.9%,死亡人数增加33.0%。结论:中国女性卵巢癌疾病负担仍然较重,且在不断上升,需要针对不同年龄段及风险人群采取相应的有效预防措施,加强对高风险人群的监测,以进一步降低疾病负担。展开更多
Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus capsules in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, Methods： Eighty-fve patients [male 32, female 53; a...Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus capsules in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, Methods： Eighty-fve patients [male 32, female 53; age （45.31±11,72） years] were given live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus capsules 1260 mg/d t.i.d. ×4 weeks. Syndrome scales were used to evaluate the efficacy in gastrointestinal syndrome. Fecal flora was also measured before and after the treatment. Six bacteria were cultured and the colony forming units were counted in stool. SPSS was used for data analysis. Results： Seventy-four patients finished the follow-up. No side-effect was found. For treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, the effective rate of live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus capsules was 56.8% in the second week, 74.3% in the fourth week and 73.0% in the sixth week. Single symptom was improved, especially in abdominal pain and stool character. The probiotica containing live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus could increase bifidobacterium count （P〈0.01） and lactobacillus count （P〈0.05）; decrease bacteroides count （P〈0.05） and enterococci count （P〈0.01）; No obvious changes were observed in clostridium diffcile colonitis and enterobacteriaceae （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： The result of the study indicated that the administration of live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus improved the symptom of irritable bowel syndrome and that there was a gradual increase of this effect. Thereafter conditions remained stable for 2 weeks. That improvement may be associated with alterations in gastrointestinal flora.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the mechanism by which galangin,a polyphenolic compound derived from medicinal herbs,induces apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cells.METHODS:The 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-t...AIM:To investigate the mechanism by which galangin,a polyphenolic compound derived from medicinal herbs,induces apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cells.METHODS:The 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay was used to measure cell viability.Apoptosis was evaluated by in situ uptake of propidium iodide and Hoechst 33258 and was then detected by fluorescence microscopy.Protein expressions were detected by Western blotting.To confirm the apoptotic pathway mediated by galangin,cells were transfected by bcl-2 gene to overexpress Bcl-2 or siRNA to down-regulate Bcl-2 expression.RESULTS:Galangin(46.25-370.0 μmol/L) exerted an anti-proliferative effect,induced apoptosis,and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in a dose and time-dependent manner.Treatment with galangin induced apoptosis by translocating the pro-apoptotic protein Bax to the mitochondria,which released apoptosis-inducing factor and cytochrome c into the cytosol.Overexpression of Bcl-2 attenuated galangin-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis,while decreasing Bcl-2 expression enhanced galangin-induced cell apoptosis.CONCLUSION:Our data suggests that galangin mediates apoptosis through a mitochondrial pathway,and may be a potential chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of HCC.展开更多
Granulomatous lobular mastitis(GLM) is a rare and chronic benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Difficulties exist in the management of GLM for many front-line surgeons and medical specialists who care for patien...Granulomatous lobular mastitis(GLM) is a rare and chronic benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Difficulties exist in the management of GLM for many front-line surgeons and medical specialists who care for patients with inflammatory disorders of the breast. This consensus is summarized to establish evidence-based recommendations for the management of GLM. Literature was reviewed using PubMed from January 1, 1971 to July 31, 2020. Sixty-six international experienced multidisciplinary experts from 11 countries or regions were invited to review the evidence.Levels of evidence were determined using the American College of Physicians grading system, and recommendations were discussed until consensus. Experts discussed and concluded 30 recommendations on historical definitions,etiology and predisposing factors, diagnosis criteria, treatment, clinical stages, relapse and recurrence of GLM. GLM was recommended as a widely accepted definition. In addition, this consensus introduced a new clinical stages and management algorithm for GLM to provide individual treatment strategies. In conclusion, diagnosis of GLM depends on a combination of history, clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, laboratory examinations and pathology.The approach to treatment of GLM should be applied according to the different clinical stage of GLM. This evidencebased consensus would be valuable to assist front-line surgeons and medical specialists in the optimal management of GLM.展开更多
基金supported(in part)by the Entrusted Project of National Center for Medical Service Administration,National Health and Family Planning Commission China(No.[2019]099)the First Level Funding of the Second Medical Leading Talent Project in Hubei Provincethe Special Project for Emergency of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2020YFC0841300)。
文摘In December 2019, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province;and then named "2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)" by the World Health Organization(WHO) on 12 January 2020. For it is a never been experienced respiratory disease before and with infection ability widely and quickly, it attracted the world’s attention but without treatment and control manual. For the request from frontline clinicians and public health professionals of 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia management, an evidence-based guideline urgently needs to be developed. Therefore, we drafted this guideline according to the rapid advice guidelines methodology and general rules of WHO guideline development;we also added the first-hand management data of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. This guideline includes the guideline methodology, epidemiological characteristics, disease screening and population prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control(including traditional Chinese Medicine), nosocomial infection prevention and control, and disease nursing of the 2019-nCoV. Moreover, we also provide a whole process of a successful treatment case of the severe 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia and experience and lessons of hospital rescue for 2019-nCoV infections. This rapid advice guideline is suitable for the first frontline doctors and nurses, managers of hospitals and healthcare sections, community residents, public health persons, relevant researchers, and all person who are interested in the 2019-nCoV.
基金Supported by the National Program on Super Rice Breeding, the Ministry of Agriculture, National High-Tech and Development Program of China （863）, the Ministry of Science and Technology and Provincial Program （8812）, Zhejiang Province, China. Publication of this paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30624808）.
文摘Hybrid rice has contributed greatly to the self-sufficiency of food supply In China. To meet the future demand for rice production, a national program on super rice breeding was established In China In 1996. The corresponding targets, breeding strategies and most significant advances are reviewed In this paper. New plant type models have been modified to adjust to various rice growing regions. In recognition of the Importance of applying parents with Intermediate subspecies differentiation In Increasing F1 yield, medium type parental lines were selected from populations derived from Inter-subspecies crosses with the assistance of DNA markers for subspecies differentiation. Results also indicate that a substantial increase of blomass Is the basis for further enhancement of the grain yield potential, and amelioration of leaf characteristics Is helpful In Increasing the photosynthetic rate. Thirty-four super hybrid rice varieties have been released commercially, growing In a total area of 13.5 million hm2 and producing 6.7 thousand million kg more rice In 1998-2005. Although remarkable progress has been made In super hybrid rice breeding In China, selections on the root system and Integration of more blotechnologlcal tools remain a great challenge.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31825019,31872860,31561143008)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2016YFD0100501,2016ZX08009003-004)the programs (BE2018357,BRA2017410,and PAPD) from Jiangsu Government.
文摘In rice grains,the Waxy (Wx) gene is responsible for the synthesis of amylose,the most important determinant for eating and cooking quality.The effects of several Wx alleles on amylose content and the taste of cooked rice have been elucidated.However,the relationship between artificial selection and the evolution of various Wx alleles as well as their distribution remain unclear.Here we report the identification of an ancestral allele,Wx^lv,which dramatically affects the mouthfeel of rice grains by modulating the size of amylose molecules.We demonstrated that WF originated directly from wild rice,and the three major Wx alleles in cultivated rice (Wx^b,Wx^a,and Wx^in) differentiated after the substitution of one base pair at the functional sites.These data indicate that the Wx^lv allele played an important role in artificial selection and domestication.The findings also shed light on the evolution of various Wx alleles,which have greatly contributed to improving the eating and cooking quality of rice.
基金This project was supported by a grant from the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No. C0303020).
文摘Background Many basic and clinical studies have proved that anisodamine can produce significant effect on relieving microvascular spasm, improving and dredging the coronary microcirculation. It may be beneficial to the improvement of slow-reflow phenomenon （SRP） following percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. So we investigated the effect of intracoronary administration of anisodamine on SRP of infarct related artery （IRA） following primary PCI in patients with ST segment elevated acute myocardial infarction （STEAMI）. Methods Twenty-one patients with SRP from a total of 148 STEAMI patients accepted primary PCI were enrolled into this study from September 2004 to December 2005. When SRP happened, nitroglycerin （200 μg） was ＂bolus＂ injected firstly into IRA to exclude the spasm of epicardial artery and identify SRP as well as a baseline and self-control agent following PCI. Ten minutes later, 1000 μg of anisodamine was injected into IRA with SRP at 200 μg/s, while the coronary angiography （CAG） was taken before and at 1st, 3rd and 10th minute after administration of nitroglycerin or anisodamine, respectively. The corrected TIMI frame count （cTFC）, TIMI myocardial perfusion grade （TMPG） and the diameter of IRA were calculated and analyzed by Gibson＇s TIMI frame count method using quantitative computer angiography （QCA） system to evaluate the influence of anisodamine on coronary flow and vessel lumen. In the meantime the invasive hemodynamic parameters of intracoronary and systemic artery （systolic, diastolic and mean pressure） and electrocardiogram （ECG） were measured and monitored. The changes of ventricular performance parameters and the adverse reaction were evaluated and followed-up at 1 month post-PCI. Results No significant changes in cTFCs and TMPGs were found at 1st, 3rd and 10th minute after intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin as compared with the baseline control （P〉0.05）. cTFCs were decreased
文摘目的:对1990年至2019年中国女性卵巢癌流行趋势及危险因素进行分析,为我国卵巢癌的预防提供更科学的依据。方法:从全球疾病负担2019数据库获取中国及其他地区卵巢癌发病、死亡及伤残调整寿命年指标的估计数和标准化率,比较评估中国卵巢癌的流行负担及危险因素变化。用GLOBOCAN库对2020年至2040年中国卵巢癌发病及死亡人数进行预测。结果:1990年至2019年,中国大陆和中国台湾卵巢癌的年龄标准化发病率分别由2.56/10万和4.72/10万增至4.54/10万和8.68/10万,年龄标准化死亡率由1.76/10万和2.63/10万增至2.77/10万和3.84/10万,增幅超过全球、日本及新加坡。其中,50~54岁年龄组女性发病人数最多,发病率的峰值出现在70~74岁。2019年卵巢癌死亡的三大危险因素分别是高空腹血糖、高体质指数和职业性石棉暴露。30年间,中国卵巢癌的年龄标准化伤残调整寿命年率(disability-adjusted life year,DALY)随社会人口学指数(socio-demographic index,SDI)增加而增加。此外,据GLOBOCAN数据库预测,中国卵巢癌疾病负担会持续加重,预计到2040年,发病人数较2020年增加17.9%,死亡人数增加33.0%。结论:中国女性卵巢癌疾病负担仍然较重,且在不断上升,需要针对不同年龄段及风险人群采取相应的有效预防措施,加强对高风险人群的监测,以进一步降低疾病负担。
文摘Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus capsules in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, Methods： Eighty-fve patients [male 32, female 53; age （45.31±11,72） years] were given live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus capsules 1260 mg/d t.i.d. ×4 weeks. Syndrome scales were used to evaluate the efficacy in gastrointestinal syndrome. Fecal flora was also measured before and after the treatment. Six bacteria were cultured and the colony forming units were counted in stool. SPSS was used for data analysis. Results： Seventy-four patients finished the follow-up. No side-effect was found. For treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, the effective rate of live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus capsules was 56.8% in the second week, 74.3% in the fourth week and 73.0% in the sixth week. Single symptom was improved, especially in abdominal pain and stool character. The probiotica containing live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus could increase bifidobacterium count （P〈0.01） and lactobacillus count （P〈0.05）; decrease bacteroides count （P〈0.05） and enterococci count （P〈0.01）; No obvious changes were observed in clostridium diffcile colonitis and enterobacteriaceae （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： The result of the study indicated that the administration of live combined Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus improved the symptom of irritable bowel syndrome and that there was a gradual increase of this effect. Thereafter conditions remained stable for 2 weeks. That improvement may be associated with alterations in gastrointestinal flora.
基金Supported by The administration of traditional Chinese medicine of Guangdong province,China,No.1050047
文摘AIM:To investigate the mechanism by which galangin,a polyphenolic compound derived from medicinal herbs,induces apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cells.METHODS:The 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay was used to measure cell viability.Apoptosis was evaluated by in situ uptake of propidium iodide and Hoechst 33258 and was then detected by fluorescence microscopy.Protein expressions were detected by Western blotting.To confirm the apoptotic pathway mediated by galangin,cells were transfected by bcl-2 gene to overexpress Bcl-2 or siRNA to down-regulate Bcl-2 expression.RESULTS:Galangin(46.25-370.0 μmol/L) exerted an anti-proliferative effect,induced apoptosis,and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in a dose and time-dependent manner.Treatment with galangin induced apoptosis by translocating the pro-apoptotic protein Bax to the mitochondria,which released apoptosis-inducing factor and cytochrome c into the cytosol.Overexpression of Bcl-2 attenuated galangin-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis,while decreasing Bcl-2 expression enhanced galangin-induced cell apoptosis.CONCLUSION:Our data suggests that galangin mediates apoptosis through a mitochondrial pathway,and may be a potential chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of HCC.
基金supported by Improving the Ability of Diagnosis and Treatment of Difficult Diseases (ZLYNXM202009)。
文摘Granulomatous lobular mastitis(GLM) is a rare and chronic benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Difficulties exist in the management of GLM for many front-line surgeons and medical specialists who care for patients with inflammatory disorders of the breast. This consensus is summarized to establish evidence-based recommendations for the management of GLM. Literature was reviewed using PubMed from January 1, 1971 to July 31, 2020. Sixty-six international experienced multidisciplinary experts from 11 countries or regions were invited to review the evidence.Levels of evidence were determined using the American College of Physicians grading system, and recommendations were discussed until consensus. Experts discussed and concluded 30 recommendations on historical definitions,etiology and predisposing factors, diagnosis criteria, treatment, clinical stages, relapse and recurrence of GLM. GLM was recommended as a widely accepted definition. In addition, this consensus introduced a new clinical stages and management algorithm for GLM to provide individual treatment strategies. In conclusion, diagnosis of GLM depends on a combination of history, clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, laboratory examinations and pathology.The approach to treatment of GLM should be applied according to the different clinical stage of GLM. This evidencebased consensus would be valuable to assist front-line surgeons and medical specialists in the optimal management of GLM.
