AIM The food-borne carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) induces colon and mammary gland tumors in rats and has been implicated in the etiology of human colorectal cancer. This study was co...AIM The food-borne carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) induces colon and mammary gland tumors in rats and has been implicated in the etiology of human colorectal cancer. This study was conducted to examine the potentially preventive effect of Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis), a brassica vegetable most commonly consumed in China, against this carcinogen-induced DNA adduct formation in rats and its possible mechanisms.METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained for 10 days on basal diet or diet containing 20% (w/ w) freeze-dried cabbage powder prior to administration of a single dose of PhIP (10 mg/ kg) by oral gavage. Rats were sacrificed at 20 h after PhIP treatment and PhIP-DNA adducts in the colon, heart, lung and liver were analyzed using 32P-postlabeling technique. Levels of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and 1A2, as indicated by 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and 7-methlxyresorufin O-demethylase activity, and cytosolic glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) towards 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) in the liver, lung and colon were measured.RESULTS Rats pre-treated with Chinese cabbage and given a single dose of PhIP had reduced levels of PhIP-DNA adducts in the colon, heart, lung and liver, with inhibition rates of 82.3%, 60.6%, 48.4% and 48.9%, respectively (P＜0.01). The enzyme assays revealed that Chinese cabbage induced both CYP1A1 and 1A2 activity, but the induction was preferential for CYP1A1 over 1A2 (81% vs 51%). GST activity towards CDNB in the liver and lung, but not colon, was also significantly increased by cabbage treatment.CONCLUSION The results indicate that Chinese cabbage has a preventive effect on PhIP-initiated carcinogenesis in rats and the mechanism is likely to involve the induction of detoxification enzymes.展开更多
Objective:To assess the awareness and knowledge of aflatoxin contamination in groundnut and the risk of its ingestion among health workers in Ibadan.Methods:The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study.Study inst...Objective:To assess the awareness and knowledge of aflatoxin contamination in groundnut and the risk of its ingestion among health workers in Ibadan.Methods:The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study.Study instrument was a semi-structured self administered questionnaire. The respondents were health workers from a public health facility.Results:A total of 417 health workers participated out of which males were 60.2%.The mean age of respondents was(28.0±4.9) years old.Doctors made up 83.0%while others were nurses.95%of the respondents had previous awareness of aflatoxin and class room lectures was the most common source of information(56%).Occupation and religion both showed a significant association with previous awareness of aflatoxin(P<0.05).Knowledge regarding aflatoxin contamination in groundnut and the risk of its ingestion was obtained showing knowledge score range of 0 to 14.In all,80.6%had good scores of 11 to 14.None of the respondents had ever told their patients about the risk of aflatoxin ingestion. Conclusions:There is a need to explore the possibility of incorporating aflatoxin awareness into routine health talk to increase the level of awareness of patients and their relatives.展开更多
The biological activity of the multifunctional cytokine interleukin-1 （IL-1） is mediated by its receptors. The aim of this study was to determine if an association exists between single nucleotide polymorphisms （S...The biological activity of the multifunctional cytokine interleukin-1 （IL-1） is mediated by its receptors. The aim of this study was to determine if an association exists between single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） in the IL-1 type I and 2 receptor genes （ILIR1 and ILIR2） and the expression level of membrane-bound ILIRs on subpopulations of mononuclear cells or serum levels of soluble IL-1 receptors. It was observed that healthy individuals with the genotype TT in SNP rs2234650.C〉T had a lower percentage of intact CD14＋ monocytes expressing ILIR1 on their surface. The SNP rs4141134-T〉C in ILIR2 has also been associated with the percentage of intact CD3＋ T cells expressing ILIR2. Furthermore, individuals carrying the CC allele of SNP rs4141134.T〉C and the TT allele of SNP rs2071008-T〉G in ILIR2 had a lower density of ILIR2s on the surface of CD14＋ monocytes in lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-stimulated PBMC cultures. In summary, this study demonstrated that IL-1 receptor gene polymorphisms could be one of the factors influencing the expression of membrane-bound IL-1 receptors （ILIR） on immunocompetent cells.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.39570627.
文摘AIM The food-borne carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) induces colon and mammary gland tumors in rats and has been implicated in the etiology of human colorectal cancer. This study was conducted to examine the potentially preventive effect of Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis), a brassica vegetable most commonly consumed in China, against this carcinogen-induced DNA adduct formation in rats and its possible mechanisms.METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained for 10 days on basal diet or diet containing 20% (w/ w) freeze-dried cabbage powder prior to administration of a single dose of PhIP (10 mg/ kg) by oral gavage. Rats were sacrificed at 20 h after PhIP treatment and PhIP-DNA adducts in the colon, heart, lung and liver were analyzed using 32P-postlabeling technique. Levels of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and 1A2, as indicated by 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and 7-methlxyresorufin O-demethylase activity, and cytosolic glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) towards 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) in the liver, lung and colon were measured.RESULTS Rats pre-treated with Chinese cabbage and given a single dose of PhIP had reduced levels of PhIP-DNA adducts in the colon, heart, lung and liver, with inhibition rates of 82.3%, 60.6%, 48.4% and 48.9%, respectively (P＜0.01). The enzyme assays revealed that Chinese cabbage induced both CYP1A1 and 1A2 activity, but the induction was preferential for CYP1A1 over 1A2 (81% vs 51%). GST activity towards CDNB in the liver and lung, but not colon, was also significantly increased by cabbage treatment.CONCLUSION The results indicate that Chinese cabbage has a preventive effect on PhIP-initiated carcinogenesis in rats and the mechanism is likely to involve the induction of detoxification enzymes.
文摘Objective:To assess the awareness and knowledge of aflatoxin contamination in groundnut and the risk of its ingestion among health workers in Ibadan.Methods:The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study.Study instrument was a semi-structured self administered questionnaire. The respondents were health workers from a public health facility.Results:A total of 417 health workers participated out of which males were 60.2%.The mean age of respondents was(28.0±4.9) years old.Doctors made up 83.0%while others were nurses.95%of the respondents had previous awareness of aflatoxin and class room lectures was the most common source of information(56%).Occupation and religion both showed a significant association with previous awareness of aflatoxin(P<0.05).Knowledge regarding aflatoxin contamination in groundnut and the risk of its ingestion was obtained showing knowledge score range of 0 to 14.In all,80.6%had good scores of 11 to 14.None of the respondents had ever told their patients about the risk of aflatoxin ingestion. Conclusions:There is a need to explore the possibility of incorporating aflatoxin awareness into routine health talk to increase the level of awareness of patients and their relatives.
文摘The biological activity of the multifunctional cytokine interleukin-1 （IL-1） is mediated by its receptors. The aim of this study was to determine if an association exists between single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） in the IL-1 type I and 2 receptor genes （ILIR1 and ILIR2） and the expression level of membrane-bound ILIRs on subpopulations of mononuclear cells or serum levels of soluble IL-1 receptors. It was observed that healthy individuals with the genotype TT in SNP rs2234650.C〉T had a lower percentage of intact CD14＋ monocytes expressing ILIR1 on their surface. The SNP rs4141134-T〉C in ILIR2 has also been associated with the percentage of intact CD3＋ T cells expressing ILIR2. Furthermore, individuals carrying the CC allele of SNP rs4141134.T〉C and the TT allele of SNP rs2071008-T〉G in ILIR2 had a lower density of ILIR2s on the surface of CD14＋ monocytes in lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-stimulated PBMC cultures. In summary, this study demonstrated that IL-1 receptor gene polymorphisms could be one of the factors influencing the expression of membrane-bound IL-1 receptors （ILIR） on immunocompetent cells.
