Phospholipase A enzymes cleave phospho- and galactolipids to generate free fatty acids and lysolipids that function in animal and plant hormone signaling. Here, we describe three Arabidopsis patatin-related phospholip...Phospholipase A enzymes cleave phospho- and galactolipids to generate free fatty acids and lysolipids that function in animal and plant hormone signaling. Here, we describe three Arabidopsis patatin-related phospholipase A （pPLA） genes AtPLAIVA, AtPLAIVB, and AtPLAIVC and their corresponding proteins. Loss-of-function mutants reveal roles for these pPLAs in roots during normal development and under phosphate deprivation. AtPLAIVA is expressed strongly and exclusively in roots and AtplalVA-null mutants have reduced lateral root development, characteristic of an impaired auxin response. By contrast, AtPLAIVB is expressed weakly in roots, cotyledons, and leaves but is transcriptionally induced by auxin, although AtplalVB mutants develop normally. AtPLAIVC is expressed in the floral gynaecium and is induced by abscisic acid （ABA） or phosphate deficiency in roots. While an AtplalVC-1 loss-of-function mutant displays ABA respon- siveness, it exhibits an impaired response to phosphate deficiency during root development. Recombinant AtPLA proteins hydrolyze preferentially galactolipids and, less efficiently, phospholipids, although these enzymes are not localized in chloroplasts. We find that AtPLAIVA and AtPLAIVB are phosphorylated by calcium-dependent protein kinases in vitro and this enhances their activities on phosphatidylcholine but not on phosphatidylglycerol. Taken together, the data reveal novel functions of pPLAs in root development with individual roles at the interface between phosphate deficiency and auxin signaling.展开更多
Objective: Adverse pregnancy outcome and increased operative deliveries have been reported in women of advanced maternal age. The objective of our study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of our women 40 yea...Objective: Adverse pregnancy outcome and increased operative deliveries have been reported in women of advanced maternal age. The objective of our study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of our women 40 years and over, and assess if they were at increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcome compared to younger women. Study design: A retrospective study of all women 40 years and over who delivered singleton pregnancies at Maternity Hospital, Kuwait, from 1 January 2000 through 30 June 2002, was undertaken. One-hundred and sixty-eight women formed the study group while 160 women aged 25- 30 years served as the control group. The antenatal records, the intrapartum and postpartum events, and the perinatal outcome were extracted and analysed. Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test, Fisher exact two-tailed test and the Welch t test. Results: The mean age of the study and control groups were 41.46 ± 1.38 (range 40- 47) and 27.40 ± 1.67 (range 25- 30) years, respectively. The mean parity of the study group, 4.24 ± 2.35 was statistically higher than for the control group, 1.69 ± 1.39, P < 0.0001. The past history of previous preterm delivery (10.1% versus 4.4% ) and previous caesarean section (24.4% versus 11.9% )were more significant in the study group, P = 0.0562 and 0.0053, respectively. Women of 40 years and over presented significantly more medical complications. The incidence of caesarean section in the study group was significantly higher (31.0% versus 16.3% ), P = 0.0027, OR 2.310, CI 1.356-3.935. The overall maternal and perinatal outcomes in both groups were comparable and satisfactory. Conclusion: Advanced maternal age of 40 years and over was not associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcome, although the incidence of caesarean section was significantly increased in these women.展开更多
Objectives: To determine if two successive ultrasound examinations could rule out the presence of clinically significant contralateral anomalies in neonates with multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK), thereby avoiding ...Objectives: To determine if two successive ultrasound examinations could rule out the presence of clinically significant contralateral anomalies in neonates with multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK), thereby avoiding unnecessary voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). Study design: We followed 76 newborn infants with antenatally discovered MCDK. Two successive neonatal renal ultrasound examinations were performed, one within the first week and one at around 1 month of life. VCUG and isotopic studies were performed in all infants. Results: Urologic anomalies of the contralateral kidney were present in 19 of 76 children (25% ): vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in 16 (21% ), ureteropelvic junction obstruction in 2 (3% ), and renal duplex kidney in 1 (1% ). Sixty-one infants (80% of total) had normal contralateral urinary tract on the 2 successive neonatal renal ultrasound scans. Among them, 4 of 61 (7% ) infants presented with low-grade VUR on VCUG that had resolved spontaneously before 2 years of age. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of two successive ultrasound scans in the neonatal period to predict contralateral urological anomalies on VCUG were 75% , 95% , 80% , and 93% , respectively. Conclusions: In infants with antenatally diagnosed MCDK, two successive normal neonatal renal ultrasound scans will rule out clinically significant contralateral anomalies, thereby rendering the need for a neonatal VCUG unnecessary.展开更多
Complex formation of cerium （Ⅲ） with l-phenyl-2,3-dimethylpyrazolone-5-azo-4-pyrogallole （L） in the presence and absence ofcetylpyridine chloride （CPC） was investigated. Homogeneous CeL- and mixed ligand CeL-CP...Complex formation of cerium （Ⅲ） with l-phenyl-2,3-dimethylpyrazolone-5-azo-4-pyrogallole （L） in the presence and absence ofcetylpyridine chloride （CPC） was investigated. Homogeneous CeL- and mixed ligand CeL-CPC compounds are formed at pH 6. Constants of stability of the complexes are （IgKD 5.15±0.02 （CeL）, 7.98±0.03 （CeL-CPC）. Ratio of reagents in composition of homogeneous is （1 ：2） and in different ligand it equals to （1：2：2）. Beer＇s law is observed in interval of concentration 1.12-11.2 μg/ml Ce. The technique for photometric determination of cerium was worked out in artificial mixture.展开更多
Background-To gain insight into the pathogenesis of right ventricular(RV) cardiomyopathy and ventricular tachycardia(VT), we determined the clinical and electroanatomic characteristics and outcome of ablative therapy ...Background-To gain insight into the pathogenesis of right ventricular(RV) cardiomyopathy and ventricular tachycardia(VT), we determined the clinical and electroanatomic characteristics and outcome of ablative therapy in consecutive patients with(1) RV dilatation, (2) multiple left bundle-branch block(LBBB)-type VTs, and (3) an abnormal endocardial substrate defined by contiguous electrogram abnormalities. Methods and Results-All 21 patients had detailed RV bipolar electrogram voltage mapping. Eighteen patients had simultaneous left ventricular(LV) mapping, including all 4 patients with right bundle-branch block(RBBB) VT. VT was ablated in 19 patients by use of focal and/or linear lesions with irrigated-tip catheters in 10 of 19 patients. Eighteen patients were men, age 47±18 years, and none had a family history of RV dysplasia. RV volume was 223±89 cm3. Electrogram abnormalities extended from perivalvular tricuspid valves(5 patients), pulmonic valves (6 patients), or both valves (10 patients). Electrogram abnormalities always involved free wall, spared the apex, and included the septum in 15 patients (71%). The area of abnormality was 55±37 cm2 (range, 12 to 130 cm2) and represented 34±19%of the RV. In 52 of 66 LBBB VTs, the origin was from the RV perivalvular region. LV perivalvular low-voltage areas noted in 5 patientswere associated with a RBBB VT origin. No VT recurred after ablation in 17 patients(89%) during 27±22 months. Conclusions-In patients with RVcardiomyopathy and VT, (1) perivalvular electrogram abnormalities represent the commonly identified substrate and source of most VT, (2) LV perivalvular endocardial electrogram abnormalities and VT can occasionally be identified, and (3) aggressive ablative therapy provides long-term VT control.展开更多
Background-Identifying the septal versus lateral site of origin of ventricular tachycardia(VT) with a right bundle-branch block (RBBB)-type pattern and an R-S ratio >1 in lead V1 is difficult with the 12-lead ECG, ...Background-Identifying the septal versus lateral site of origin of ventricular tachycardia(VT) with a right bundle-branch block (RBBB)-type pattern and an R-S ratio >1 in lead V1 is difficult with the 12-lead ECG, especially in patients with prior apical infarction. Methods and Results-We prospectively evaluated 58 patients with VT. Sixteen patients had apical infarcts(group 1), 29 had nonapical infarcts (group 2), and 13 had no heart disease (group 3). QRS complex onset to activation at the right ventricular apex(stim-RVA) was measured during left ventricular(LV) apical septal and lateral pacing, and 47 RBBB-type VTs (QRS-RVA) were localized to the septal or lateral apex by using entrainment techniques. Pacing and VT site of origin were confirmed by electroanatomic mapping. The stim-RVA time was 59±16 ms for septal versus 187±24 ms for lateral sites in group 1, P< 0.001; 70±14 ms for septal versus 169±19 ms for lateral sites in group 2, P< 0.001; and 42±15 ms for septal versus 86±16 ms for lateral sites in group 3, P< 0.005. The QRS-RVA time was 50±13 ms for apical septal VTs versus 178±21 ms for lateral VTs in group 1, P< 0.001; 71±17 ms for apical septal versus 157±20 ms for lateral VTs in group 2, P< 0.001; and 32±12 ms for septal versus 71±16 ms for lateral VTs in group 3, P< 0.01. Conclusions-The QRS-RVA differs for the VT site of origin from the LV septal versus lateral apex. These data prove useful in rapidly regionalizing the VT site of origin with a V 1 R-S ratio >1, particularly in instances of an apical infarct, where surface ECG distinctions are less identifiable.展开更多
Objective To assess whether iris color and eyelash changes occur with the use of unoprostone for2years.Design The 2clinical trials described herein we re prospective,random-ized,double-masked,active-contr olled,parall...Objective To assess whether iris color and eyelash changes occur with the use of unoprostone for2years.Design The 2clinical trials described herein we re prospective,random-ized,double-masked,active-contr olled,parallel group,multicenter studies.Participants A total of 1131patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension participated in 2clinical trials an d received either uno-prostone isopropyl 0.15%(659),timolol maleate 0.5%(331),or betaxolol hydrochloride 0.5%(141),1drop per eye twice daily for up to 24months.Methods Color photographs(1:1magnification)were taken of the iris andeyelid of each patient at baseline an d at regular intervals thereafter through month 24using a s tandardized camera system.Photography included 7view s of each eye plus a calibration photograph and a patien t identification photo-graph,for a total of 16photographs p er patient per visit.Two independent (masked)readers subjectively compared baseline iris colors to subsequent v isits.Side view pho-tographs of the upper and lower eyela shes were used for the eyelash length analysis,with each h aving sufficient depth of field and a sufficient number of eyelashes in focus.Similarly,frontal eyelash views we re used for the eyelash density analysis.Main outcome measures Changes from baseline in iris color and eyelash le ngth and density within and between treatment groups.Resul ts Seven cases of iris color change(1.06%)were confirmed in patients treated with unoprostone for up to 24months;no confirmed cases were reported in the timolol or betax olol groups.In the unoprostone group,cases of iris color change were con-firmed at months 12(1case),18(2cases),and 24(4cases).No clinically relevant differences were observed among treatment groups for changes f rom baseline in eye-lash length or density.Conclusion A lthough iris hyper pigmentation and abnormal eyelash c hanges may occur after treatment with unoprostone,the incidence of these events appears to be low in the 2-year clinic al study.展开更多
Background: Case fatality rates after all types of blunt injury have not improved since 1994 in England and Wales, possibly because not all patients with severe head injury are treated in a neurosurgical centre. Our a...Background: Case fatality rates after all types of blunt injury have not improved since 1994 in England and Wales, possibly because not all patients with severe head injury are treated in a neurosurgical centre. Our aims were to investigate the case fatality trends in major trauma patients with and without head injury, and to establish the effect of neurosurgical care on mortality after severe head injury. Methods: We analysed prospectively collected data from the Trauma Audit and Research Network database for patients presenting between 1989 and 2003. Mortality and odds of death adjust ed for case mix were compared for patients with and without head injury, and for those treated in a neurosurgical versus a non-neurosurgical centre. Findings: Patients with head injury (n=22 216) had a ten-fold higher mortality and showed less improvement in the adjusted odds of death since 1989 than did patients wit hout head injury (n=154 231). 2305 (33%) of patients with severe head injury (p resenting between 1996 and 2003) were treated only in non-neurosurgical centres ; such treatment was associated with a 26%increase in mortality and a 2.15-fol d increase (95%CI 1.77-2.60) in the odds of death adjusted for case mix compar ed with patients treated at a neurosurgical centre. Interpretation: Since 1989 t rauma system changes in England and Wales have delivered greater benefit to pati ents without head injury. Our data lend support to current guidelines, suggestin g that treatment in a neurosurgical centre represents an important strategy in the management of severe head injury.展开更多
Background/Purpose: The presence of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in human milk and the expression of G-CSF receptors on intestinal villous enterocytes of neonates suggest that G-CSF has a role in the ...Background/Purpose: The presence of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in human milk and the expression of G-CSF receptors on intestinal villous enterocytes of neonates suggest that G-CSF has a role in the development and integrity of the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesized that enteral recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) given to preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in the earlier stages could protect against disease progression and complications. Methods:Preterm infants with mild (stage I) NEC (n = 18) were assigned to receive enteral rhG-CSF (n = 8) or placebo (n =10) for 5 days from the first day of the diagnosis. Clinical and gastrointestinal parameters were followed during the whole period of hospitalization. Results: In the study group, none ofthe infants with stage ⅠNEC had a clinical progression to stage Ⅱor Ⅲ, whereas in the control group, 5 (50%) infants with stage I NEC had a disease progression to stage II or III (P < 0.05). In the study group, the time required for the resolution of clinical and radiological findings of NEC and the total duration of systemic therapy and hospitalization were significantly shorter than the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Enteral rhG-CSF treatment could prevent the progression of mild (stage I) NEC to further stages and decrease the time required for the resolution of clinical and radiological signs of the disease.展开更多
A phytoremediation field trial was established on a site contaminated with Cu, Pb and Zn in the City of Montreal （Canada） using Brassicajuncea, Salix miyabeana and Salix viminalis. The study compared metal content i...A phytoremediation field trial was established on a site contaminated with Cu, Pb and Zn in the City of Montreal （Canada） using Brassicajuncea, Salix miyabeana and Salix viminalis. The study compared metal content in plant tissues of each species at the end of the first growing season and assessed the effects of EDTA as a chelating agent to increase availability of metals for the plants. Brassicajuncea accumulated more metals （Cu, Pb and Zn） in aerial parts than in roots, whereas the willows accumulated Cu and Pb mainly in roots and Zn in aerial parts （mostly in leaves）. EDTA increased metal transfer in Brassica but had no effect on the two willow species. After one growing season, the total biomass yield of Brassica juncea was higher than that of the willows, and consequently, total metal accumulation by the plants was also greater. However, the high yield of willows over several years may make them more successful in brownfield phytoremediation.展开更多
There has recently been a dramatic renewal of interest in hadron spectroscopy and charm physics. This renaissance has been driven in part by the discovery of a plethora of charmonium-like XYZ states at BESⅢ and B fac...There has recently been a dramatic renewal of interest in hadron spectroscopy and charm physics. This renaissance has been driven in part by the discovery of a plethora of charmonium-like XYZ states at BESⅢ and B factories, and the observation of an intriguing proton-antiproton threshold enhancement and the possibly related X(1835) meson state at BESⅢ, as well as the threshold measurements of charm mesons and charm baryons. We present a detailed survey of the important topics in tau-charm physics and hadron physics that can be further explored at BESⅢ during the remaining operation period of BEPCⅡ. This survey will help in the optimization of the data-taking plan over the coming years, and provides physics motivation for the possible upgrade of BEPCⅡ to higher luminosity.展开更多
From 2011 to 2014, the BESIII experiment collected about 5 fb^-1 data at center-of-mass energies around 4 GeV for the studies of the charmonium-like and higher excited charmonium states. By analyzing the di-muon proce...From 2011 to 2014, the BESIII experiment collected about 5 fb^-1 data at center-of-mass energies around 4 GeV for the studies of the charmonium-like and higher excited charmonium states. By analyzing the di-muon process e＋e- →yma/Fsμ^＋μ^-, the center-of-mass energies of the data samples are measured with a precision of 0.8 MeV. The center-of-mass energy is found to be stable for most of the time during data taking.展开更多
Using a dedicated data sample taken in 2018 on the J/ψpeak,we perform a detailed study of the trigger efficiencies of the BESIII detector.The efficiencies are determined from three representative physics processes,na...Using a dedicated data sample taken in 2018 on the J/ψpeak,we perform a detailed study of the trigger efficiencies of the BESIII detector.The efficiencies are determined from three representative physics processes,namely Bhabha scattering,dimuon production and generic hadronic events with charged particles.The combined efficiency of all active triggers approaches 100%in most cases,with uncertainties small enough not to affect most physics analyses.展开更多
文摘Phospholipase A enzymes cleave phospho- and galactolipids to generate free fatty acids and lysolipids that function in animal and plant hormone signaling. Here, we describe three Arabidopsis patatin-related phospholipase A （pPLA） genes AtPLAIVA, AtPLAIVB, and AtPLAIVC and their corresponding proteins. Loss-of-function mutants reveal roles for these pPLAs in roots during normal development and under phosphate deprivation. AtPLAIVA is expressed strongly and exclusively in roots and AtplalVA-null mutants have reduced lateral root development, characteristic of an impaired auxin response. By contrast, AtPLAIVB is expressed weakly in roots, cotyledons, and leaves but is transcriptionally induced by auxin, although AtplalVB mutants develop normally. AtPLAIVC is expressed in the floral gynaecium and is induced by abscisic acid （ABA） or phosphate deficiency in roots. While an AtplalVC-1 loss-of-function mutant displays ABA respon- siveness, it exhibits an impaired response to phosphate deficiency during root development. Recombinant AtPLA proteins hydrolyze preferentially galactolipids and, less efficiently, phospholipids, although these enzymes are not localized in chloroplasts. We find that AtPLAIVA and AtPLAIVB are phosphorylated by calcium-dependent protein kinases in vitro and this enhances their activities on phosphatidylcholine but not on phosphatidylglycerol. Taken together, the data reveal novel functions of pPLAs in root development with individual roles at the interface between phosphate deficiency and auxin signaling.
文摘Objective: Adverse pregnancy outcome and increased operative deliveries have been reported in women of advanced maternal age. The objective of our study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of our women 40 years and over, and assess if they were at increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcome compared to younger women. Study design: A retrospective study of all women 40 years and over who delivered singleton pregnancies at Maternity Hospital, Kuwait, from 1 January 2000 through 30 June 2002, was undertaken. One-hundred and sixty-eight women formed the study group while 160 women aged 25- 30 years served as the control group. The antenatal records, the intrapartum and postpartum events, and the perinatal outcome were extracted and analysed. Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test, Fisher exact two-tailed test and the Welch t test. Results: The mean age of the study and control groups were 41.46 ± 1.38 (range 40- 47) and 27.40 ± 1.67 (range 25- 30) years, respectively. The mean parity of the study group, 4.24 ± 2.35 was statistically higher than for the control group, 1.69 ± 1.39, P < 0.0001. The past history of previous preterm delivery (10.1% versus 4.4% ) and previous caesarean section (24.4% versus 11.9% )were more significant in the study group, P = 0.0562 and 0.0053, respectively. Women of 40 years and over presented significantly more medical complications. The incidence of caesarean section in the study group was significantly higher (31.0% versus 16.3% ), P = 0.0027, OR 2.310, CI 1.356-3.935. The overall maternal and perinatal outcomes in both groups were comparable and satisfactory. Conclusion: Advanced maternal age of 40 years and over was not associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcome, although the incidence of caesarean section was significantly increased in these women.
文摘Objectives: To determine if two successive ultrasound examinations could rule out the presence of clinically significant contralateral anomalies in neonates with multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK), thereby avoiding unnecessary voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). Study design: We followed 76 newborn infants with antenatally discovered MCDK. Two successive neonatal renal ultrasound examinations were performed, one within the first week and one at around 1 month of life. VCUG and isotopic studies were performed in all infants. Results: Urologic anomalies of the contralateral kidney were present in 19 of 76 children (25% ): vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in 16 (21% ), ureteropelvic junction obstruction in 2 (3% ), and renal duplex kidney in 1 (1% ). Sixty-one infants (80% of total) had normal contralateral urinary tract on the 2 successive neonatal renal ultrasound scans. Among them, 4 of 61 (7% ) infants presented with low-grade VUR on VCUG that had resolved spontaneously before 2 years of age. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of two successive ultrasound scans in the neonatal period to predict contralateral urological anomalies on VCUG were 75% , 95% , 80% , and 93% , respectively. Conclusions: In infants with antenatally diagnosed MCDK, two successive normal neonatal renal ultrasound scans will rule out clinically significant contralateral anomalies, thereby rendering the need for a neonatal VCUG unnecessary.
文摘Complex formation of cerium （Ⅲ） with l-phenyl-2,3-dimethylpyrazolone-5-azo-4-pyrogallole （L） in the presence and absence ofcetylpyridine chloride （CPC） was investigated. Homogeneous CeL- and mixed ligand CeL-CPC compounds are formed at pH 6. Constants of stability of the complexes are （IgKD 5.15±0.02 （CeL）, 7.98±0.03 （CeL-CPC）. Ratio of reagents in composition of homogeneous is （1 ：2） and in different ligand it equals to （1：2：2）. Beer＇s law is observed in interval of concentration 1.12-11.2 μg/ml Ce. The technique for photometric determination of cerium was worked out in artificial mixture.
文摘Background-To gain insight into the pathogenesis of right ventricular(RV) cardiomyopathy and ventricular tachycardia(VT), we determined the clinical and electroanatomic characteristics and outcome of ablative therapy in consecutive patients with(1) RV dilatation, (2) multiple left bundle-branch block(LBBB)-type VTs, and (3) an abnormal endocardial substrate defined by contiguous electrogram abnormalities. Methods and Results-All 21 patients had detailed RV bipolar electrogram voltage mapping. Eighteen patients had simultaneous left ventricular(LV) mapping, including all 4 patients with right bundle-branch block(RBBB) VT. VT was ablated in 19 patients by use of focal and/or linear lesions with irrigated-tip catheters in 10 of 19 patients. Eighteen patients were men, age 47±18 years, and none had a family history of RV dysplasia. RV volume was 223±89 cm3. Electrogram abnormalities extended from perivalvular tricuspid valves(5 patients), pulmonic valves (6 patients), or both valves (10 patients). Electrogram abnormalities always involved free wall, spared the apex, and included the septum in 15 patients (71%). The area of abnormality was 55±37 cm2 (range, 12 to 130 cm2) and represented 34±19%of the RV. In 52 of 66 LBBB VTs, the origin was from the RV perivalvular region. LV perivalvular low-voltage areas noted in 5 patientswere associated with a RBBB VT origin. No VT recurred after ablation in 17 patients(89%) during 27±22 months. Conclusions-In patients with RVcardiomyopathy and VT, (1) perivalvular electrogram abnormalities represent the commonly identified substrate and source of most VT, (2) LV perivalvular endocardial electrogram abnormalities and VT can occasionally be identified, and (3) aggressive ablative therapy provides long-term VT control.
文摘Background-Identifying the septal versus lateral site of origin of ventricular tachycardia(VT) with a right bundle-branch block (RBBB)-type pattern and an R-S ratio >1 in lead V1 is difficult with the 12-lead ECG, especially in patients with prior apical infarction. Methods and Results-We prospectively evaluated 58 patients with VT. Sixteen patients had apical infarcts(group 1), 29 had nonapical infarcts (group 2), and 13 had no heart disease (group 3). QRS complex onset to activation at the right ventricular apex(stim-RVA) was measured during left ventricular(LV) apical septal and lateral pacing, and 47 RBBB-type VTs (QRS-RVA) were localized to the septal or lateral apex by using entrainment techniques. Pacing and VT site of origin were confirmed by electroanatomic mapping. The stim-RVA time was 59±16 ms for septal versus 187±24 ms for lateral sites in group 1, P< 0.001; 70±14 ms for septal versus 169±19 ms for lateral sites in group 2, P< 0.001; and 42±15 ms for septal versus 86±16 ms for lateral sites in group 3, P< 0.005. The QRS-RVA time was 50±13 ms for apical septal VTs versus 178±21 ms for lateral VTs in group 1, P< 0.001; 71±17 ms for apical septal versus 157±20 ms for lateral VTs in group 2, P< 0.001; and 32±12 ms for septal versus 71±16 ms for lateral VTs in group 3, P< 0.01. Conclusions-The QRS-RVA differs for the VT site of origin from the LV septal versus lateral apex. These data prove useful in rapidly regionalizing the VT site of origin with a V 1 R-S ratio >1, particularly in instances of an apical infarct, where surface ECG distinctions are less identifiable.
文摘Objective To assess whether iris color and eyelash changes occur with the use of unoprostone for2years.Design The 2clinical trials described herein we re prospective,random-ized,double-masked,active-contr olled,parallel group,multicenter studies.Participants A total of 1131patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension participated in 2clinical trials an d received either uno-prostone isopropyl 0.15%(659),timolol maleate 0.5%(331),or betaxolol hydrochloride 0.5%(141),1drop per eye twice daily for up to 24months.Methods Color photographs(1:1magnification)were taken of the iris andeyelid of each patient at baseline an d at regular intervals thereafter through month 24using a s tandardized camera system.Photography included 7view s of each eye plus a calibration photograph and a patien t identification photo-graph,for a total of 16photographs p er patient per visit.Two independent (masked)readers subjectively compared baseline iris colors to subsequent v isits.Side view pho-tographs of the upper and lower eyela shes were used for the eyelash length analysis,with each h aving sufficient depth of field and a sufficient number of eyelashes in focus.Similarly,frontal eyelash views we re used for the eyelash density analysis.Main outcome measures Changes from baseline in iris color and eyelash le ngth and density within and between treatment groups.Resul ts Seven cases of iris color change(1.06%)were confirmed in patients treated with unoprostone for up to 24months;no confirmed cases were reported in the timolol or betax olol groups.In the unoprostone group,cases of iris color change were con-firmed at months 12(1case),18(2cases),and 24(4cases).No clinically relevant differences were observed among treatment groups for changes f rom baseline in eye-lash length or density.Conclusion A lthough iris hyper pigmentation and abnormal eyelash c hanges may occur after treatment with unoprostone,the incidence of these events appears to be low in the 2-year clinic al study.
文摘Background: Case fatality rates after all types of blunt injury have not improved since 1994 in England and Wales, possibly because not all patients with severe head injury are treated in a neurosurgical centre. Our aims were to investigate the case fatality trends in major trauma patients with and without head injury, and to establish the effect of neurosurgical care on mortality after severe head injury. Methods: We analysed prospectively collected data from the Trauma Audit and Research Network database for patients presenting between 1989 and 2003. Mortality and odds of death adjust ed for case mix were compared for patients with and without head injury, and for those treated in a neurosurgical versus a non-neurosurgical centre. Findings: Patients with head injury (n=22 216) had a ten-fold higher mortality and showed less improvement in the adjusted odds of death since 1989 than did patients wit hout head injury (n=154 231). 2305 (33%) of patients with severe head injury (p resenting between 1996 and 2003) were treated only in non-neurosurgical centres ; such treatment was associated with a 26%increase in mortality and a 2.15-fol d increase (95%CI 1.77-2.60) in the odds of death adjusted for case mix compar ed with patients treated at a neurosurgical centre. Interpretation: Since 1989 t rauma system changes in England and Wales have delivered greater benefit to pati ents without head injury. Our data lend support to current guidelines, suggestin g that treatment in a neurosurgical centre represents an important strategy in the management of severe head injury.
文摘Background/Purpose: The presence of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in human milk and the expression of G-CSF receptors on intestinal villous enterocytes of neonates suggest that G-CSF has a role in the development and integrity of the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesized that enteral recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) given to preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in the earlier stages could protect against disease progression and complications. Methods:Preterm infants with mild (stage I) NEC (n = 18) were assigned to receive enteral rhG-CSF (n = 8) or placebo (n =10) for 5 days from the first day of the diagnosis. Clinical and gastrointestinal parameters were followed during the whole period of hospitalization. Results: In the study group, none ofthe infants with stage ⅠNEC had a clinical progression to stage Ⅱor Ⅲ, whereas in the control group, 5 (50%) infants with stage I NEC had a disease progression to stage II or III (P < 0.05). In the study group, the time required for the resolution of clinical and radiological findings of NEC and the total duration of systemic therapy and hospitalization were significantly shorter than the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Enteral rhG-CSF treatment could prevent the progression of mild (stage I) NEC to further stages and decrease the time required for the resolution of clinical and radiological signs of the disease.
文摘A phytoremediation field trial was established on a site contaminated with Cu, Pb and Zn in the City of Montreal （Canada） using Brassicajuncea, Salix miyabeana and Salix viminalis. The study compared metal content in plant tissues of each species at the end of the first growing season and assessed the effects of EDTA as a chelating agent to increase availability of metals for the plants. Brassicajuncea accumulated more metals （Cu, Pb and Zn） in aerial parts than in roots, whereas the willows accumulated Cu and Pb mainly in roots and Zn in aerial parts （mostly in leaves）. EDTA increased metal transfer in Brassica but had no effect on the two willow species. After one growing season, the total biomass yield of Brassica juncea was higher than that of the willows, and consequently, total metal accumulation by the plants was also greater. However, the high yield of willows over several years may make them more successful in brownfield phytoremediation.
基金Supported in part by National Key Basic Research Program of China (2015CB856700)National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (11335008,11425524, 11625523, 11635010, 11735014, 11822506, 11935018)+18 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Large-Scale Scientific Facility Programthe CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics (CCEPP)Joint Large-Scale Scientific Facility Funds of the NSFC and CAS (U1532257, U1532258, U1732263)CAS Key Research Program of Frontier Science (QYZDJ-SSW-SLH003, QYZDJ-SSW-SLH040)100 Talents Program of CASCAS PIFIthe Thousand Talents Program of ChinaIN-PAC and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyGerman Research Foundation DFG under Contracts NosCollaborative Research Center CRC 1044, FOR 2359Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, ItalyKoninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW) (530-4CDP03)Ministry of Development of Turkey (DPT2006K-120470)National Science and Technology fundThe Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (Sweden) (2016.0157)The Swedish Research CouncilU. S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-05ER41374, DESC-0010118, DE-SC-0012069)University of Groningen (Ru G) and the Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung Gmb H (GSI), Darmstadtthe Russian Ministry of Science and Higher Education (14.W03.31.0026).
文摘There has recently been a dramatic renewal of interest in hadron spectroscopy and charm physics. This renaissance has been driven in part by the discovery of a plethora of charmonium-like XYZ states at BESⅢ and B factories, and the observation of an intriguing proton-antiproton threshold enhancement and the possibly related X(1835) meson state at BESⅢ, as well as the threshold measurements of charm mesons and charm baryons. We present a detailed survey of the important topics in tau-charm physics and hadron physics that can be further explored at BESⅢ during the remaining operation period of BEPCⅡ. This survey will help in the optimization of the data-taking plan over the coming years, and provides physics motivation for the possible upgrade of BEPCⅡ to higher luminosity.
基金Supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China(2015CB856700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11125525,11235011.11322544,11335008,11425524,Y61137005C)+7 种基金Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Large-Scale Scientific Facility Program,CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics(CCEPP),Collaborative Innovation Center for Particles and Interactions(CICPI),Joint Large-Scale Scientific Facility Funds of NSFC and CAS(11179007,U1232201,U1332201),CAS(KJCX2-YW-N29,KJCX2-YWN45),100 Talents Program of CASNational 1000 Talents Program of China,INPACShanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology,German Research Foundation DFG(Collaborative Research Center CRC-1044)Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare,Italy,Ministry of Development of Turkey(DPT2006K-120470)Russian Foundation for Basic Research(14-07-91152)Swedish Research Council,U.S.Department of Energy(DE-FG02-04ER41291,DE-FG02-05ER41374,DE-FG02-94ER40823,DESC0010118)U.S.National Science Foundation,University of Groningen(RuG)and Helniholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH(GSI),DarmstadtWCU Program of National Research Foundation of Korea(R32-2008-000-10155-0)
文摘From 2011 to 2014, the BESIII experiment collected about 5 fb^-1 data at center-of-mass energies around 4 GeV for the studies of the charmonium-like and higher excited charmonium states. By analyzing the di-muon process e＋e- →yma/Fsμ^＋μ^-, the center-of-mass energies of the data samples are measured with a precision of 0.8 MeV. The center-of-mass energy is found to be stable for most of the time during data taking.
基金Supported in part by National Key Basic Research Program of China(2015CB856700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(11625523,11635010,11735014,11822506,11835012,11935015,11935016,11935018,11961141012)+15 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Large-Scale Scientific Facility ProgramJoint Large-Scale Scientific Facility Funds of the NSFC and CAS(U 1732263,U 1832207)CAS Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences(QYZDJ-SSWSLH003,QYZDJ-SSW-SLH040)100 Talents Program of CASINPAC and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyERC(758462)German Research Foundation DFG under Contracts Nos.Collaborative Research Center CRC 1044,FOR 2359Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare,ItalyMinistry of Development o f Turkey(DPT2006K-120470)National Science and Technology fundOlle Engkvist Foundation(200-0605)STFC(United Kingdom)The Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation(Sweden)(2016.0157)The Royal Society,UK(DH140054,DH160214)The Swedish Research CouncilU.S.Department of Energy(DEFG02-05ER41374,DE-SC-0012069)。
文摘Using a dedicated data sample taken in 2018 on the J/ψpeak,we perform a detailed study of the trigger efficiencies of the BESIII detector.The efficiencies are determined from three representative physics processes,namely Bhabha scattering,dimuon production and generic hadronic events with charged particles.The combined efficiency of all active triggers approaches 100%in most cases,with uncertainties small enough not to affect most physics analyses.
