Studies were carried out to assess the effect of distance of sanitary pits on the microbial and heavy metal levels in hand dug well water samples consumed by people living in Akwuke, Enugu South Local government area ...Studies were carried out to assess the effect of distance of sanitary pits on the microbial and heavy metal levels in hand dug well water samples consumed by people living in Akwuke, Enugu South Local government area of Enugu State, using standard biochemical and spectrophotometric analysis. The well water samples were digested with aqua-regia and four heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn) were assayed in the well water samples at sampling distances of 3, 6 and 10 m respectively from the sanitary pits. The range of mean bacterial counts (cfu/g) for the four detected pathogenic bacteria;<em> S. aureus</em>, <em>Klebsiella pnemeoniae</em>, <em>Echerichia coli</em> and <em>Salmonella enteritidis </em>were 83 - 3730, 510 - 870, 50 - 2535 and 240 - 3420 Cfu/g at sampling distances of 3, 6 and 10 m respectively from the sanitary pits. The mean bacteria counts of the four detected pathogenic organisms in the well water sample at sampling distances of 3 and 6 m respectively from the sanitary pits were above the WHO recommended threshold limits for a safe drinking water. The mean bacterial counts of <em>Salmonella enteritidis</em> in the well water samples of sampling distance of 10 m from the sanitary pits was above the WHO recommended permissible limits. At sampling distances of 3, 6 and 10 m from the sanitary pits, the mean range of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in the well water samples were, 0.03 - 0.3, 0.02 - 0.05, 0.46 - 1.71 and 1.63 - 7.03 μg/g respectively. The mean levels of Pb and Cd in the well water samples at sampling distances of 3 and 6 m respectively from the sanitary pits were above their respective WHO recommended threshold limits. The mean heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn) in the well water samples at sampling distances of 3, 6, and 10 m respectively from the sanitary pits were statistically significant at p < 0.05.展开更多
Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a global superbug widely distributed in hospitals, communities and livestock settings. This study investigated the presence and molecular characterizat...Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a global superbug widely distributed in hospitals, communities and livestock settings. This study investigated the presence and molecular characterization of MRSA co-resistance to clindamycin and vancomycin in the southeastern region of Nigeria. The susceptibility of these organisms to other selected antibiotics was also investigated. Method: Biological samples were obtained from consenting patients from three establishments in Enugu, Nigeria and cultured for isolation and purification. The pure isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility profiling using conventional antibiotics. The genomic DNAs of the pure isolates were isolated using the Promega genomic DNA purification kit while the antibiotic resistance genes (mecA) genes were identified using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the clindamycin and vancomycin antibiotics was determined as well as their combined activity on the MRSA isolates. Results: A large proportion (71%) of the MRSA isolates was from urine samples and then from the High Vaginal Swab (19%). All the isolates were resistant to cloxacillin while 95% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. MRSA isolates demonstrated resistance to clindamycin (with MIC of 23.44 - 250 μg/ml) and to vancomycin (with MIC of 62.5 - 250 μg/ml). The isolated MRSA also demonstrated multidrug-resistant traits. The combined effects of vancomycin and clindamycin against different species of MRSA exhibited additive, antagonistic and indifferent effects and none had a synergistic effect. Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction revealed that the majority of the strains were positive for the 162-bp internal fragment of the mecA gene of MRSA and basically displayed SCCmec type III, indicating that they were multidrug-resistant and hospital-acquired. Conclusion: Clindamycin and vancomycin-resistant MRSA infections are also within the Eastern region of Nigeria as found in other countries of the world. This supe展开更多
This research work determined the impact of value relevance of accounting information on the stock price of manufacturing companies in Nigeria.More specifically,the study determines the impact of earnings per share an...This research work determined the impact of value relevance of accounting information on the stock price of manufacturing companies in Nigeria.More specifically,the study determines the impact of earnings per share and dividends on the stock price of Nigerian manufacturing companies.Ex post facto research and data were obtained from twenty audited annual reports and financial statements.This study used the ordinary least squares(OLS)estimation from 2012 to 2021 and covered ten years with the help of E-view 9.0 data analysis revealed that there is a positive insignificant relationship between stock dividends,earnings per share and stock price in the manufacturing sector in Nigeria.展开更多
This study looked at the impact of the Nigerian stamp duty tax on the growth of the economy.Time series data were employed spanning the years 1999-2020.For various years,related data were extracted from the Central Ba...This study looked at the impact of the Nigerian stamp duty tax on the growth of the economy.Time series data were employed spanning the years 1999-2020.For various years,related data were extracted from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin,the Bureau of National Statistics,and Federal Inland Revenue Service reports.E-view 9.0 was used to test the hypothesis using the ordinary least square.The study outcome revealed that stamp duty has an insignificant and positive impact on Nigeria’s economic growth.It was recommended that the government improve public entities and provide strong government investment as a source of domestic revenue generated from various business activities.展开更多
Some plants have proven efficacy in the management of diabetes mellitus, of which Costus afer is one. This study was designed to evaluate the cytological and biochemical properties, and comparative ameliorating effect...Some plants have proven efficacy in the management of diabetes mellitus, of which Costus afer is one. This study was designed to evaluate the cytological and biochemical properties, and comparative ameliorating effects, of an aqueous extract of Costus afer Ker Gawl.(Costaceae) leaf and glibenclamide(GBM), in liver, kidney, and pancreatic injury induced by alloxan. Thirty male albino rats were divided into six weight-matched groups. Group one served as the negative control(non-induced and non-treated, control), while groups 2–6 were alloxan-induced diabetic groups. Group 2 served as a positive control(induced and non-treated, IC), groups 3–5 were treated with different doses of the extract(375, 750, and 1 125 mg/kg body weight) and glibenclamide, respectively. Body weight, absolute and relative organ weights, food and fluid intake, levels of serum glucose and liver enzymes and kidney parameters were calculated and compared. Hepatocytes, renal tubules, and pancreatic cells of diabetic rats, in diabetic non-treated and treated rats were harvested and examined histopathologically. There was dose dependent amelioration on the injuries induced by alloxan on both hepatocytes, renal tubules, and pancreatic cells after treatment with Costus afer. The glucose level was reduced significantly in the Costus afer treated diabetic rats compared with the non-treated diabetic group. Costus afer leaves seem to be effective against diabetic cell injury induced in rat liver, kidney, and pancreas.展开更多
This study ascertained the effect of corporate governance compositions on timeliness of financial reporting in deposit money banks in Nigeria.Ex Post Facto research design was employed for this study.Purposive samplin...This study ascertained the effect of corporate governance compositions on timeliness of financial reporting in deposit money banks in Nigeria.Ex Post Facto research design was employed for this study.Purposive sampling was used to select eight(8)deposit money banks in Nigeria with international authorization.Data were extracted from annual reports and accounts of the sampled banks and analyzed with regression analysis.The results show that board size has a positive and significant effect on financial reporting timeliness deposit money banks in Nigeria,while audit committee independence has a positive but insignificant effect on financial reporting timeliness of deposit money banks in Nigeria.Therefore,on the basis of the findings and conclusions of the study,the study recommends among other things that the number of banks board of directors should play a vital role in how well it can oversee daily operations of the institution and monitor management.展开更多
文摘Studies were carried out to assess the effect of distance of sanitary pits on the microbial and heavy metal levels in hand dug well water samples consumed by people living in Akwuke, Enugu South Local government area of Enugu State, using standard biochemical and spectrophotometric analysis. The well water samples were digested with aqua-regia and four heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn) were assayed in the well water samples at sampling distances of 3, 6 and 10 m respectively from the sanitary pits. The range of mean bacterial counts (cfu/g) for the four detected pathogenic bacteria;<em> S. aureus</em>, <em>Klebsiella pnemeoniae</em>, <em>Echerichia coli</em> and <em>Salmonella enteritidis </em>were 83 - 3730, 510 - 870, 50 - 2535 and 240 - 3420 Cfu/g at sampling distances of 3, 6 and 10 m respectively from the sanitary pits. The mean bacteria counts of the four detected pathogenic organisms in the well water sample at sampling distances of 3 and 6 m respectively from the sanitary pits were above the WHO recommended threshold limits for a safe drinking water. The mean bacterial counts of <em>Salmonella enteritidis</em> in the well water samples of sampling distance of 10 m from the sanitary pits was above the WHO recommended permissible limits. At sampling distances of 3, 6 and 10 m from the sanitary pits, the mean range of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in the well water samples were, 0.03 - 0.3, 0.02 - 0.05, 0.46 - 1.71 and 1.63 - 7.03 μg/g respectively. The mean levels of Pb and Cd in the well water samples at sampling distances of 3 and 6 m respectively from the sanitary pits were above their respective WHO recommended threshold limits. The mean heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn) in the well water samples at sampling distances of 3, 6, and 10 m respectively from the sanitary pits were statistically significant at p < 0.05.
文摘Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a global superbug widely distributed in hospitals, communities and livestock settings. This study investigated the presence and molecular characterization of MRSA co-resistance to clindamycin and vancomycin in the southeastern region of Nigeria. The susceptibility of these organisms to other selected antibiotics was also investigated. Method: Biological samples were obtained from consenting patients from three establishments in Enugu, Nigeria and cultured for isolation and purification. The pure isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility profiling using conventional antibiotics. The genomic DNAs of the pure isolates were isolated using the Promega genomic DNA purification kit while the antibiotic resistance genes (mecA) genes were identified using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the clindamycin and vancomycin antibiotics was determined as well as their combined activity on the MRSA isolates. Results: A large proportion (71%) of the MRSA isolates was from urine samples and then from the High Vaginal Swab (19%). All the isolates were resistant to cloxacillin while 95% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. MRSA isolates demonstrated resistance to clindamycin (with MIC of 23.44 - 250 μg/ml) and to vancomycin (with MIC of 62.5 - 250 μg/ml). The isolated MRSA also demonstrated multidrug-resistant traits. The combined effects of vancomycin and clindamycin against different species of MRSA exhibited additive, antagonistic and indifferent effects and none had a synergistic effect. Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction revealed that the majority of the strains were positive for the 162-bp internal fragment of the mecA gene of MRSA and basically displayed SCCmec type III, indicating that they were multidrug-resistant and hospital-acquired. Conclusion: Clindamycin and vancomycin-resistant MRSA infections are also within the Eastern region of Nigeria as found in other countries of the world. This supe
文摘This research work determined the impact of value relevance of accounting information on the stock price of manufacturing companies in Nigeria.More specifically,the study determines the impact of earnings per share and dividends on the stock price of Nigerian manufacturing companies.Ex post facto research and data were obtained from twenty audited annual reports and financial statements.This study used the ordinary least squares(OLS)estimation from 2012 to 2021 and covered ten years with the help of E-view 9.0 data analysis revealed that there is a positive insignificant relationship between stock dividends,earnings per share and stock price in the manufacturing sector in Nigeria.
文摘This study looked at the impact of the Nigerian stamp duty tax on the growth of the economy.Time series data were employed spanning the years 1999-2020.For various years,related data were extracted from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin,the Bureau of National Statistics,and Federal Inland Revenue Service reports.E-view 9.0 was used to test the hypothesis using the ordinary least square.The study outcome revealed that stamp duty has an insignificant and positive impact on Nigeria’s economic growth.It was recommended that the government improve public entities and provide strong government investment as a source of domestic revenue generated from various business activities.
文摘Some plants have proven efficacy in the management of diabetes mellitus, of which Costus afer is one. This study was designed to evaluate the cytological and biochemical properties, and comparative ameliorating effects, of an aqueous extract of Costus afer Ker Gawl.(Costaceae) leaf and glibenclamide(GBM), in liver, kidney, and pancreatic injury induced by alloxan. Thirty male albino rats were divided into six weight-matched groups. Group one served as the negative control(non-induced and non-treated, control), while groups 2–6 were alloxan-induced diabetic groups. Group 2 served as a positive control(induced and non-treated, IC), groups 3–5 were treated with different doses of the extract(375, 750, and 1 125 mg/kg body weight) and glibenclamide, respectively. Body weight, absolute and relative organ weights, food and fluid intake, levels of serum glucose and liver enzymes and kidney parameters were calculated and compared. Hepatocytes, renal tubules, and pancreatic cells of diabetic rats, in diabetic non-treated and treated rats were harvested and examined histopathologically. There was dose dependent amelioration on the injuries induced by alloxan on both hepatocytes, renal tubules, and pancreatic cells after treatment with Costus afer. The glucose level was reduced significantly in the Costus afer treated diabetic rats compared with the non-treated diabetic group. Costus afer leaves seem to be effective against diabetic cell injury induced in rat liver, kidney, and pancreas.
文摘This study ascertained the effect of corporate governance compositions on timeliness of financial reporting in deposit money banks in Nigeria.Ex Post Facto research design was employed for this study.Purposive sampling was used to select eight(8)deposit money banks in Nigeria with international authorization.Data were extracted from annual reports and accounts of the sampled banks and analyzed with regression analysis.The results show that board size has a positive and significant effect on financial reporting timeliness deposit money banks in Nigeria,while audit committee independence has a positive but insignificant effect on financial reporting timeliness of deposit money banks in Nigeria.Therefore,on the basis of the findings and conclusions of the study,the study recommends among other things that the number of banks board of directors should play a vital role in how well it can oversee daily operations of the institution and monitor management.
