Several decades of conventional oil and gas production in Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) have resulted in maturity of the basin, and attention is shifting to alternative hydrocarbon reservoir system, such as ...Several decades of conventional oil and gas production in Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) have resulted in maturity of the basin, and attention is shifting to alternative hydrocarbon reservoir system, such as tight gas reservoir of the Montney Formation, which consists of siltstone with subordinate interlaminated very fine-grained sandstone. The Montney Formation resource play is one of Canada’s prime unconventional hydrocarbon reservoir, with reserve estimate in British Columbia (Natural Gas reserve = 271 TCF), Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG = 12,647 million barrels), and oil reserve (29 million barrels). Based on sedimentological and ichnological criteria, five lithofacies associations were identified in the study interval: Lithofacies F-1 (organic rich, wavy to parallel laminated, black colored siltstone);Lithofacies F-2 (very fine-grained sandstone interbedded with siltstone);Lithofacies F-3A (bioturbated silty-sandstone attributed to the Skolithos ichnofacies);Lithofacies F-3B (bioturbated siltstone attributed to Cruziana ichnofacies);Lithofacies F-4 (dolomitic, very fine-grained sandstone);and Lithofacies F-5 (massive siltstone). The depositional environments interpreted for the Montney Formation in the study area are lower shoreface through proximal offshore to distal offshore settings. Rock-Eval data (hydrogen Index and Oxygen Index) shows that Montney sediments contains mostly gas prone Type III/IV with subordinate Type II kerogen, TOC ranges from 0.39 - 3.54 wt% with a rare spike of 10.9 wt% TOC along the Montney/Doig boundary. Vitrinite reflectance data and Tmax show that thermal maturity of the Montney Formation is in the realm of “peak gas” generation window. Despite the economic significance of the Montney unconventional “resource-play”, however, the location and predictability of the best reservoir interval remain conjectural in part because the lithologic variability of the optimum reservoir lithologies has not been adequately characterized. This study presents lithofacies and ichnof展开更多
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze chemical elements—major, trace and rare earth elements (REE) concentrations, augmented with quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and ...Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze chemical elements—major, trace and rare earth elements (REE) concentrations, augmented with quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and thin-section petrography for mineralogical characterization of the Triassic Montney Formation in northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). Results from this study indicate that integration of chemical elements with mineralogy shows affinity to the host lithologies. Evidently, chemical elements are the building blocks for minerals, thus, their significances in the interpretation of geological systems are unambiguous. Herein, major elements concentration such as Al, Fe, K, Mg, Ca, Mn in the samples analyzed from the Montney Formation are interpreted as: 1) indication of dolomitization and diagenesis;2) trace elements—Rb, Th, U, and Cs are related to the organic matter—kerogen in the clay component of the Montney Formation source rock;and 3) transition metals—Sc, V, Co, Cr, Zn show strong affinity with diagenesis in the study interval.展开更多
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)<span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span></span><s...Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)<span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span></span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">was used to analyze </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'}', serif;"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">chemical elements—</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">major, trace and rare earth elements</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">(REE) concentrations, </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:#222222;"=""><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">augmented with quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and thin-section petrography for</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'}', serif;"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">mineralogical characterization of the Triassic Montney Formation in northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">Basin (WCSB). Results from this study indicate</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">that integration of chemical elements with mineralogy shows affinity to the host lithologies. Evidently, chemical elements are the building blocks for minerals, thus, their significances</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">in the interpretation of geological systems are unambiguous. Herein, major elements concentration such as Al, Fe, K, Mg, Ca, Mn in the samples analyzed from the Montney Formation are interpreted as: 1) indication of dolomitization and diagenesis;2) trace elements—Rb, Th, U, and Cs are related to the organic matter—kerogen in the clay component of 展开更多
文摘Several decades of conventional oil and gas production in Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) have resulted in maturity of the basin, and attention is shifting to alternative hydrocarbon reservoir system, such as tight gas reservoir of the Montney Formation, which consists of siltstone with subordinate interlaminated very fine-grained sandstone. The Montney Formation resource play is one of Canada’s prime unconventional hydrocarbon reservoir, with reserve estimate in British Columbia (Natural Gas reserve = 271 TCF), Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG = 12,647 million barrels), and oil reserve (29 million barrels). Based on sedimentological and ichnological criteria, five lithofacies associations were identified in the study interval: Lithofacies F-1 (organic rich, wavy to parallel laminated, black colored siltstone);Lithofacies F-2 (very fine-grained sandstone interbedded with siltstone);Lithofacies F-3A (bioturbated silty-sandstone attributed to the Skolithos ichnofacies);Lithofacies F-3B (bioturbated siltstone attributed to Cruziana ichnofacies);Lithofacies F-4 (dolomitic, very fine-grained sandstone);and Lithofacies F-5 (massive siltstone). The depositional environments interpreted for the Montney Formation in the study area are lower shoreface through proximal offshore to distal offshore settings. Rock-Eval data (hydrogen Index and Oxygen Index) shows that Montney sediments contains mostly gas prone Type III/IV with subordinate Type II kerogen, TOC ranges from 0.39 - 3.54 wt% with a rare spike of 10.9 wt% TOC along the Montney/Doig boundary. Vitrinite reflectance data and Tmax show that thermal maturity of the Montney Formation is in the realm of “peak gas” generation window. Despite the economic significance of the Montney unconventional “resource-play”, however, the location and predictability of the best reservoir interval remain conjectural in part because the lithologic variability of the optimum reservoir lithologies has not been adequately characterized. This study presents lithofacies and ichnof
文摘Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze chemical elements—major, trace and rare earth elements (REE) concentrations, augmented with quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and thin-section petrography for mineralogical characterization of the Triassic Montney Formation in northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). Results from this study indicate that integration of chemical elements with mineralogy shows affinity to the host lithologies. Evidently, chemical elements are the building blocks for minerals, thus, their significances in the interpretation of geological systems are unambiguous. Herein, major elements concentration such as Al, Fe, K, Mg, Ca, Mn in the samples analyzed from the Montney Formation are interpreted as: 1) indication of dolomitization and diagenesis;2) trace elements—Rb, Th, U, and Cs are related to the organic matter—kerogen in the clay component of the Montney Formation source rock;and 3) transition metals—Sc, V, Co, Cr, Zn show strong affinity with diagenesis in the study interval.
文摘Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)<span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span></span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">was used to analyze </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'}', serif;"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">chemical elements—</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">major, trace and rare earth elements</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">(REE) concentrations, </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:#222222;"=""><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">augmented with quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and thin-section petrography for</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'}', serif;"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">mineralogical characterization of the Triassic Montney Formation in northeastern British Columbia, Western Canada Sedimentary</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">Basin (WCSB). Results from this study indicate</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">that integration of chemical elements with mineralogy shows affinity to the host lithologies. Evidently, chemical elements are the building blocks for minerals, thus, their significances</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">in the interpretation of geological systems are unambiguous. Herein, major elements concentration such as Al, Fe, K, Mg, Ca, Mn in the samples analyzed from the Montney Formation are interpreted as: 1) indication of dolomitization and diagenesis;2) trace elements—Rb, Th, U, and Cs are related to the organic matter—kerogen in the clay component of
