Quantitative analyses of actual measurements rather than modeling have shown that “global warming” has been heterogeneous over the surface of the planet and temporally non-linear. Residual regression analyses by Soa...Quantitative analyses of actual measurements rather than modeling have shown that “global warming” has been heterogeneous over the surface of the planet and temporally non-linear. Residual regression analyses by Soares (2010) indicated increments of increased temperature precede increments of CO<sub>2 </sub>increase. The remarkably strong negative correlation (r = -0.99) between the earth’s magnetic dipole moment values and global CO<sub>2</sub>-temperature indicators over the last ~30 years is sufficient to be considered causal if contributing energies were within the same order of magnitude. Quantitative convergence between the energies lost by the diminishing averaged geomagnetic field strength and energies gained within the ocean-atmosphere interface satisfy the measured values for increased global temperature and CO<sub>2</sub> release from sea water. The pivotal variable is the optimal temporal unit employed to estimate the total energies available for physical-chemical reactions. The positive drift in averaged amplitude of geomagnetic activity over the last 100 years augmented this process. Contributions from annual CO<sub>2</sub> from volcanism and shifts in averaged geomagnetic activity, lagged years before the measured global temperature-CO<sub>2</sub> values, are moderating variables for smaller amplitude perturbations. These results indicated that the increase in CO<sub>2</sub> and global temperatures are primarily caused by major geophysical factors, particularly the diminishing total geomagnetic field strength and increased geomagnetic activity, but not by human activities. Strategies for adapting to climate change because of these powerful variables may differ from those that assume exclusive anthropomorphic causes.展开更多
Quantitative analyses of actual measurements rather than modeling have shown that “global warming” has been heterogeneous over the surface of the planet and temporally non-linear. Residual regression analyses by Soa...Quantitative analyses of actual measurements rather than modeling have shown that “global warming” has been heterogeneous over the surface of the planet and temporally non-linear. Residual regression analyses by Soares (2010) indicated increments of increased temperature precede increments of CO<sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2 </span></sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">increase. The remarkably strong negative correlation (r = -0.99) between the earth’s magnetic dipole moment values and global CO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">-temperature indicators over the last ~30 years is sufficient to be considered causal if contributing energies were within the same order of magnitude. Quantitative convergence between the energies lost by the diminishing averaged geomagnetic field strength and energies gained within the ocean-atmosphere interface satisfy the measured values for increased global temperature and CO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">release from sea water. The pivotal variable is the optimal temporal unit employed to estimate the total energies available for physical-chemical reactions. The positive drift in averaged amplitude of geomagnetic activity over the last 100 years augmented this process. Contributions from annual CO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">from volcanism and shifts in averaged geomagnetic activity, lagged years before the measured global temperature-CO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-size:12px;font-family:Ver展开更多
The Lom Pangar hydroelectric dam project located in the eastern region of Cameroon was implemented by Electricity Development Corporation (EDC). The impoundment of the Lom Pangar dam created a large reservoir with an ...The Lom Pangar hydroelectric dam project located in the eastern region of Cameroon was implemented by Electricity Development Corporation (EDC). The impoundment of the Lom Pangar dam created a large reservoir with an area ~590 km2 and a useful storage capacity ~6 billion m3. Thereby, this impoundment has created favourable conditions for the proliferation of fishery resources. However, a fisheries assessment study based on fishing activities is essential to attain reliable information for implementing a management plan to achieve rational and sustainable exploitation. This study was carried out on the ichtyofaunic inventory and the assessment of fish landings in Lom Pangar hydroelectric dam reservoir from April 2016 to September 30, 2016. Three main groups of fishing gear have been identified, among which gillnets, traps and longlines occupy major fishing activities. Indeed, the spatial and landing sites surveies were conducted on species composition, size composition, and quantities of fish landed during the study period. Moreover, 37 species of fish divided into 16 families were found in seven different selected fish landing sites. Carp (Cyprinus carpio) was the major fish species abundantly caught by these fishing gears which accounted for 81.60% of the total catch, and the least species was sardine (Sardinella aurita). A total of 623,229 Kg of fish were landed which were dominated by those of the Wami landing site with 480,773 Kg representing 76.96% of the total landed catches. The smallest species caught was the white carp (7 cm) while the longest one was the catfish (71 cm). In addition, the species of fish in the breeding season are carp, catfish, viper fish and red tail.展开更多
文摘Quantitative analyses of actual measurements rather than modeling have shown that “global warming” has been heterogeneous over the surface of the planet and temporally non-linear. Residual regression analyses by Soares (2010) indicated increments of increased temperature precede increments of CO<sub>2 </sub>increase. The remarkably strong negative correlation (r = -0.99) between the earth’s magnetic dipole moment values and global CO<sub>2</sub>-temperature indicators over the last ~30 years is sufficient to be considered causal if contributing energies were within the same order of magnitude. Quantitative convergence between the energies lost by the diminishing averaged geomagnetic field strength and energies gained within the ocean-atmosphere interface satisfy the measured values for increased global temperature and CO<sub>2</sub> release from sea water. The pivotal variable is the optimal temporal unit employed to estimate the total energies available for physical-chemical reactions. The positive drift in averaged amplitude of geomagnetic activity over the last 100 years augmented this process. Contributions from annual CO<sub>2</sub> from volcanism and shifts in averaged geomagnetic activity, lagged years before the measured global temperature-CO<sub>2</sub> values, are moderating variables for smaller amplitude perturbations. These results indicated that the increase in CO<sub>2</sub> and global temperatures are primarily caused by major geophysical factors, particularly the diminishing total geomagnetic field strength and increased geomagnetic activity, but not by human activities. Strategies for adapting to climate change because of these powerful variables may differ from those that assume exclusive anthropomorphic causes.
文摘Quantitative analyses of actual measurements rather than modeling have shown that “global warming” has been heterogeneous over the surface of the planet and temporally non-linear. Residual regression analyses by Soares (2010) indicated increments of increased temperature precede increments of CO<sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2 </span></sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">increase. The remarkably strong negative correlation (r = -0.99) between the earth’s magnetic dipole moment values and global CO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">-temperature indicators over the last ~30 years is sufficient to be considered causal if contributing energies were within the same order of magnitude. Quantitative convergence between the energies lost by the diminishing averaged geomagnetic field strength and energies gained within the ocean-atmosphere interface satisfy the measured values for increased global temperature and CO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">release from sea water. The pivotal variable is the optimal temporal unit employed to estimate the total energies available for physical-chemical reactions. The positive drift in averaged amplitude of geomagnetic activity over the last 100 years augmented this process. Contributions from annual CO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">from volcanism and shifts in averaged geomagnetic activity, lagged years before the measured global temperature-CO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-size:12px;font-family:Ver
文摘The Lom Pangar hydroelectric dam project located in the eastern region of Cameroon was implemented by Electricity Development Corporation (EDC). The impoundment of the Lom Pangar dam created a large reservoir with an area ~590 km2 and a useful storage capacity ~6 billion m3. Thereby, this impoundment has created favourable conditions for the proliferation of fishery resources. However, a fisheries assessment study based on fishing activities is essential to attain reliable information for implementing a management plan to achieve rational and sustainable exploitation. This study was carried out on the ichtyofaunic inventory and the assessment of fish landings in Lom Pangar hydroelectric dam reservoir from April 2016 to September 30, 2016. Three main groups of fishing gear have been identified, among which gillnets, traps and longlines occupy major fishing activities. Indeed, the spatial and landing sites surveies were conducted on species composition, size composition, and quantities of fish landed during the study period. Moreover, 37 species of fish divided into 16 families were found in seven different selected fish landing sites. Carp (Cyprinus carpio) was the major fish species abundantly caught by these fishing gears which accounted for 81.60% of the total catch, and the least species was sardine (Sardinella aurita). A total of 623,229 Kg of fish were landed which were dominated by those of the Wami landing site with 480,773 Kg representing 76.96% of the total landed catches. The smallest species caught was the white carp (7 cm) while the longest one was the catfish (71 cm). In addition, the species of fish in the breeding season are carp, catfish, viper fish and red tail.
