目的探讨集束化护理对预防血液净化患儿下肢深静脉血栓形成的效果。方法选择2017年长春市某三级甲等医院小儿重症监护病房收治的315例需要进行血液净化治疗的患儿作为实验组,实施集束化护理干预措施,护理措施包括评估筛查、血管保护、...目的探讨集束化护理对预防血液净化患儿下肢深静脉血栓形成的效果。方法选择2017年长春市某三级甲等医院小儿重症监护病房收治的315例需要进行血液净化治疗的患儿作为实验组,实施集束化护理干预措施,护理措施包括评估筛查、血管保护、评估腿围、营养支持、体液管理、体温管理、肢体运动、体位管理等;选择2016年该小儿重症监护病房行血液净化治疗的患儿202例作为对照组,采用常规护理措施。比较两组下肢静脉血栓形成的发生情况。结果实验组40例(12.7%)发生下肢深静脉血栓,其中0～6岁36例(16.5%),7～14岁4例(4.12%);治疗时间≥24 h 22例(11.3%),治疗<24 h 18例(15%)。对照组49例(24.3%)发生下肢深静脉血栓,其中0～6岁39例(30.7%),7～14岁10例(13.3%);治疗时间≥24 h 25例(22.5%),治疗<24 h 24例(26.4%)。两组血栓发生情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论集束化护理干预可有效降低血液净化治疗患儿下肢深静脉血栓形成的发生率,尤其对年龄>7岁,上机时长≥24 h的患儿效果更佳。展开更多
Background： Cytokines play an important role in occorrence and recovery of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes ofcytokines concentration and its correlation to al...Background： Cytokines play an important role in occorrence and recovery of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes ofcytokines concentration and its correlation to alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, HBV deoxyribonucleic acid （HBV-DNA）, hepatitis B envelope antigen （HBeAg）, and HBV surface antigen （HBsAg） in the development of chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. Methods： Thirteen healthy individuals （HI）, 30 chronic HBV-infected patients in immune tolerant （IT） phase, and 55 CHB patients were enrolled between August 2015 and May 2017. The peripheral blood samples were collected from all individuals. Tile levels of interferon （IFN）-α2, interleukin （IL）-10, transforming growth factor （TGF）-β1, HBV-DNA, HBsAg, and HBeAg and liver function were measured. The quantitative determinations of cytokines levels, including I FN-ct2, IL-10, and TGF-[31 were performed using Luminex multiplex technology. The correlation of cytokines to ALT, HBV-DNA, HBsAg, and HBeAg was analyzed by linear regression analysis. Results： IFN-ct2 levels were similar between HI and IT groups （15.35 [5.70, 67.65] pg/ml vs. 15.24 [4.07, 30.73] pg/ml, Z = -0.610, P - 0.542）, while it elevated significantly in CH B group （35.29 [ 15.94, 70.15] pg/ml vs. 15.24 [4.07, 30.73] pg/ml; Z = -2.522, P = 0.012）. Compared with HI group （3.73 [2.98, 11.92] pg/ml）, IL-10 concentrations in IT group （5.02 [2,98, 10.11] pg/ml）, and CHB group （7.48 [3. I 0, 18.00] pg/ml） slightly increased （X^2 = 2.015, P - 0.365）, and there was no significant difference between IT and CHB group （Z =- 1.419, P = 0.156）. The TGF-β1 levels among HI （3.59 ±0.20 pg/ml）, IT （3.62 ±0.55 pg/ml）, and CHB groups （3.64±0.30 pg/ml） were similar （X^2=2.739, P = 0.254）. In all chronic HBV-infected patients （including patients in IT and CHB groups）, the elevation of IFN-α2 level was significantly associated with ALT level （β = 0.389, t = 2.423, P = 0.018）,展开更多
Neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae are essential for understanding neutrino physics and stellar evolution.Dual-phase xenon dark matter detectors can be used to track explosions of galactic supernovae by detecting...Neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae are essential for understanding neutrino physics and stellar evolution.Dual-phase xenon dark matter detectors can be used to track explosions of galactic supernovae by detecting neutrinos through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scatterings.In this study,a variation of progenitor masses and explosion models are assumed to predict neutrino fluxes and spectra,which result in the number of expected neutrino events ranging from 6.6 to 13.7 at a distance of 10 kpc over a 10-s duration with negligible backgrounds at PandaX-4T.Two specialized triggering alarms for monitoring supernova burst neutrinos are built.The efficiency of detecting supernova explosions at various distances in the Milky Way is estimated.These alarms will be implemented in the real-time supernova monitoring system at PandaX-4T in the near future,which will provide supernova early warnings for the astronomical community.展开更多
Purpose: Neonatal pneumonia is a major newborn disease with a high morbidity rate. We aimed to evaluate whether atypical prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) is a high-risk factor for causing neonatal pneumonia in a p...Purpose: Neonatal pneumonia is a major newborn disease with a high morbidity rate. We aimed to evaluate whether atypical prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) is a high-risk factor for causing neonatal pneumonia in a prospective real-world study. Patients and Methods: A total of 250 pregnant women at pregnancy week 39 were non-selectively recruited. All were examined by PROM and neonatal pneumonia related clinical, bedside and lab tests, including body temperature, blood pressure, increased vagina discharge, posterior vault pooling, abdominal tenderness, WBC count, nitrazine test, amniotic fluid index, Leakection (a sICAM-1 based lateral flow immunoassay) and vagina streptococcus examinations. Increased vagina discharge with a Leakection positivity was adopted as a working criterium for identifying atypical PROM. Neonatal pneumonia was diagnosed based on the clinical presentation and lab tests. Results: Twenty cases of neonatal pneumonia (8.0%) were diagnosed after the deliveries of the 250 pregnant women. In these neonatal pneumonia cases, 12 (16.7%) occurred in 72 deliveries with atypical PROM, 2 (16.7%) in 12 deliveries with typical PROM, and 6 (3.6%) in 166 deliveries with non-PROM. Conclusion: In this real-world study, we find that a systematic screening at pregnancy week 39 was very meaningful in revealing atypical PROM. Moreover, atypical PROM is a major risk factor for neonatal pneumonia. Therefore, an early diagnosis and intervention on atypical PROM could potentially reduce the occurrence of neonatal pneumonia.展开更多
The implementation of appropriate tillage practices is of great significance for agricultural production. However, the effects of different tillage depths on soil nutrients content and microbial communities in tobacco...The implementation of appropriate tillage practices is of great significance for agricultural production. However, the effects of different tillage depths on soil nutrients content and microbial communities in tobacco-planting soils are still lacking systematic research. In this study, three different tillage depths of 15 cm (T1), 20 cm (T2), and 30 cm (T3) were set up for field experiments in Liupanshui, Guizhou Province, to explore the effects of tillage depth on tobacco-planting soil nutrients and bacterial and fungal communities based on 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing and figure out the key factors affecting soil microbial communities. The results showed that T2 and T3 increased the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, and available potassium in tobacco-planting soil, and increased the diversity of bacterial communities compared with T1. There was no significant difference in the structure of bacterial and fungal communities in different tillage depth treatments, but some dominant genera were significantly enriched in T2 and T3. Desulfobacter, Setophoma, Humicola, and Acremonium were significantly enriched in T2. Chthonomonas and Fusarium were significantly enriched in T3. These genera favor the decomposition of organic matter and the cycling of nutrients, and control soil pests and diseases. Redundancy analysis indicated that TP and AK were the key factors influencing the dominant genera of bacteria and fungi. This study provides a scientific basis for the selection of soil tillage depth for tobacco production in this region.展开更多
With the development of automatic driving and fuzzy theory, people pay more and more attention to the application of fuzzy logic in engineering technology. The automatic parking module in the automatic driving system ...With the development of automatic driving and fuzzy theory, people pay more and more attention to the application of fuzzy logic in engineering technology. The automatic parking module in the automatic driving system has always been the focus of research. Automatic parking modules can greatly assist drivers in parking operations, greatly reduce parking difficulties and make people more convenient and fast parking. In this paper, an automatic parking system based on the fuzzy controller is proposed. The fuzzy controller of automatic parking system is constructed by using fuzzy theory, and the robustness of the whole system is examined by fuzzy logic. Firstly, the vehicle motion rules and trajectory changes are analyzed in detail, and the real parking lot model is simulated. Then, the input and output variables of the whole system are analyzed by fuzzy theory and the membership function is constructed. Based on the experience of human experts, the parking rules are tested and summarized, and a reasonable and practical rule base is established. Finally, MATLAB is used to code, build the visual interface of parking lot and vehicles, and draw the cyclic iterative function to detect the vehicle position and direction angle, so as to act as a sensor. The results show that using a fuzzy controller to construct an automatic parking system can effectively improve the parking level.展开更多
Breast cancer is a significant health concern, necessitating accurate prediction models for early detection and improved patient outcomes. This study presents a comparative analysis of three machine learning models, n...Breast cancer is a significant health concern, necessitating accurate prediction models for early detection and improved patient outcomes. This study presents a comparative analysis of three machine learning models, namely, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Random Forest, for breast cancer prediction using the Wisconsin breast cancer diagnostic dataset. The dataset comprises features computed from fine needle aspirate images of breast masses, with 357 benign and 212 malignant cases. The research findings highlight that the Random Forest model, leveraging the top 5 predictors—“concave points_mean”, “area_mean”, “radius_mean”, “perimeter_mean”, and “concavity_mean”, achieves the highest predictive accuracy of approximately 95% and a cross-validation score of approximately 93% for the test dataset. These results demonstrate the potential of machine learning approaches in breast cancer prediction, underscoring their importance in aiding early detection and diagnosis.展开更多
我国是肝细胞癌(肝癌)大国,全世界约有50%肝癌来自我国,且总体生存期较差。首诊时中晚期患者比例较高是我国肝癌病死率高的重要原因[1]。随着系统治疗的进步,中晚期肝癌的治疗模式发生了巨大的转变,肿瘤完全切除是达到根治性目的的重要...我国是肝细胞癌(肝癌)大国,全世界约有50%肝癌来自我国,且总体生存期较差。首诊时中晚期患者比例较高是我国肝癌病死率高的重要原因[1]。随着系统治疗的进步,中晚期肝癌的治疗模式发生了巨大的转变,肿瘤完全切除是达到根治性目的的重要保证,更是确保晚期生存获益的前提[1,2]。如何将不可切除肝癌通过转化治疗降期,创造根治性手术切除的机会将大大提高中晚期患者的生存获益。近年来,随着精准医学的发展,尤其是多靶点激酶抑制剂为代表的靶向治疗,及以PD-1和PD-L1为代表的免疫治疗,正逐步改变中晚期肝癌的围手术期治疗策略[3,4,5]。目前,阿替利珠单抗联合贝伐珠单抗仍为一线推荐的系统治疗方案(Ⅰ级推荐)[6]。然而,以免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors,ICI)为主的联合治疗方案在Ⅱ期及Ⅲ期临床实验及临床实践中均显示出较好的安全性及疗效,随着ORIENT-32及KEYNOTE 524/Study117数据公布[7],中国临床肿瘤学会(Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology,CSCO)已将以ICI联合抗VEGF单克隆抗体及ICI联合酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(tyrosine kinase inhibitor,TKI)类药物列为一线推荐[8]。现将吉林大学第二医院收治的1例中国肝癌临床分期(China Liver Cancer Staging,CNLC)Ⅲa期合并胆管癌栓的不可切除肝癌患者,经信迪利单抗联合仑伐替尼转化后根治性手术治疗,术后评估为完全缓解(complete response,CR)的诊治过程报告如下。展开更多
We propose magnetized gyromagnetic photonic crystals(MGPCs)composed of indium antimonide(InSb)and yttrium iron garnet ferrite(YIGF)layers,which possess the properties of nonreciprocal wide-angle bidirectional absorpti...We propose magnetized gyromagnetic photonic crystals(MGPCs)composed of indium antimonide(InSb)and yttrium iron garnet ferrite(YIGF)layers,which possess the properties of nonreciprocal wide-angle bidirectional absorption.Periodical defects in the MGPCs work as filters.Absorption bands(ABs)for the positive and negative propagations arise from the optical Tamm state and resonance in cavities respectively,and they prove to share no overlaps in the studied frequency range.Givenω=2.0138 THz,for the positive propagation,the ABs in the high-frequency range are localized in the interval between 0.66ωand 0.88ω.In the angular range,the ABs for the TE and TM waves reach 60°and 51°,separately.For the negative propagation,the ABs in the low-frequency range are localized in the interval between 0.13ωand 0.3ω.The AB s extend to 60°for the TE waves and 80.4°for the TM waves.There also exists a narrow frequency band in a lower frequency range.The relevant factors,which include the external temperature,the magnetic fields applied to the YIGF,the refractive index of the impedance matching layer,and the defect thickness,are adjusted to investigate the effects on the ABs.All the numerical simulations are based on the transfer matrix method.This work provides an approach to designs of isolators and so on.展开更多
梭梭属(Haloxylon)植物是藜科的古老孑遗物种,探究末次间冰期(lastinterglacial period,LIG)和末次盛冰期(lastglacial maximum period,LGM)以来中国梭梭属植物的历史地理分布格局及其驱动机制,对了解气候变化背景下旱生植物区系的发展...梭梭属(Haloxylon)植物是藜科的古老孑遗物种,探究末次间冰期(lastinterglacial period,LIG)和末次盛冰期(lastglacial maximum period,LGM)以来中国梭梭属植物的历史地理分布格局及其驱动机制,对了解气候变化背景下旱生植物区系的发展与演化具有重要意义。本研究利用梭梭属85个自然分布点数据(60条梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)分布记录、25条白梭梭(H.persicum)分布记录)和2套环境因子数据,整合GIS空间分析和9种物种分布模型,分析了梭梭属末次间冰期以来的地理分布格局变化及其驱动机制。基于62个梭梭属种群的叶绿体基因测序数据,利用最小成本路径方法,模拟了末次间冰期以来梭梭属可能的扩散路径。利用R软件prcomp函数对影响梭梭属分布的环境变量进行主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA),评价了环境变量对梭梭属适宜分布的贡献,并分析了关键变量与分布适宜性的相关性。结果表明:(1)集成模型的模拟精度较单一模型显著提升,且对白梭梭的模拟精度高于梭梭;(2)末次间冰期以来,梭梭属植物的分布均经历了显著收缩和冰后期扩张,末次间冰期至末次盛冰期时期,在准噶尔盆地、塔里木盆地西部广泛分布的梭梭大面积向西退缩至避难所(准噶尔盆地西北缘和塔里木盆地西北缘);白梭梭从准噶尔盆地、塔里木盆地西端向南退缩至避难所(准噶尔盆地南缘);末次盛冰期至今,梭梭向东沿甘肃北部扩张直至内蒙古西部阿拉善荒漠,白梭梭向东北方向小范围扩张,占据了准噶尔盆地西部和南缘;(3)末次间冰期以来的气候波动对梭梭属植物的分布存在较大限制,降水因子主导了梭梭属适宜分布面积的变化,温度因子影响了梭梭属分布适宜性的高低。展开更多
Trace elements are found in small concentrations in soil, yet plants require them for physiological functions. The runoff process leads to soil fertility loss by shifting soil particles and elements, and deposits them...Trace elements are found in small concentrations in soil, yet plants require them for physiological functions. The runoff process leads to soil fertility loss by shifting soil particles and elements, and deposits them to a different position. However, there is a lack of information about the amount of trace elements that flow in tobacco-growing red soil during the natural rainy seasons due to runoff. In this study, runoff discharge was collected from two different soil mulching conditions (straw and no straw) at 15?, in Miyi county of Sichuan province, to evaluate the characteristics of trace elements in runoff discharge. The runoff discharge was filtered to separate water (runoff) from sediment. The concentrations of the elements were analyzed in samples obtained from 9 erosive rainfall events, with 3 replications for every sample. The considered trace elements were Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), and Molybdenum (Mo). In addition, the total amount of each element loss per unit area (total loss) was also calculated statistically. The results revealed different concentrations and total losses for the selected trace elements. The total loss in runoff ranged from 10.82 to 194.05 mg/ha, 0.62 to 18.91 mg/ha, and 0.32 to 2.37 mg/ha for Zn, Cu, and Mo, respectively. The total loss in sediment ranged from 54.65 to 12036.34 mg/ha, 44.74 to 5285.30 mg/ha, and 1.78 to 399.82 mg/ha for Zn, Cu, and Mo, respectively. Rainfall intensity, runoff depth, and sediment yield showed distinct positive correlations with the trace elements losses. The loss reduced with the addition of straw in the experimental area. Since each trace element showed distinct characteristics in the runoff and sediment, it is crucial to assess the loss of trace elements in runoff discharge from different agronomic practices. In turn, various sustainable practices of preventing soil fertility loss will be identified.展开更多
文摘目的探讨集束化护理对预防血液净化患儿下肢深静脉血栓形成的效果。方法选择2017年长春市某三级甲等医院小儿重症监护病房收治的315例需要进行血液净化治疗的患儿作为实验组,实施集束化护理干预措施,护理措施包括评估筛查、血管保护、评估腿围、营养支持、体液管理、体温管理、肢体运动、体位管理等;选择2016年该小儿重症监护病房行血液净化治疗的患儿202例作为对照组,采用常规护理措施。比较两组下肢静脉血栓形成的发生情况。结果实验组40例(12.7%)发生下肢深静脉血栓,其中0～6岁36例(16.5%),7～14岁4例(4.12%);治疗时间≥24 h 22例(11.3%),治疗<24 h 18例(15%)。对照组49例(24.3%)发生下肢深静脉血栓,其中0～6岁39例(30.7%),7～14岁10例(13.3%);治疗时间≥24 h 25例(22.5%),治疗<24 h 24例(26.4%)。两组血栓发生情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论集束化护理干预可有效降低血液净化治疗患儿下肢深静脉血栓形成的发生率,尤其对年龄>7岁,上机时长≥24 h的患儿效果更佳。
基金The work was supported by grants from the Basic and Clinical Fund of Capital Medical University （No. 17JL88） and National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81071344）.
文摘Background： Cytokines play an important role in occorrence and recovery of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes ofcytokines concentration and its correlation to alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, HBV deoxyribonucleic acid （HBV-DNA）, hepatitis B envelope antigen （HBeAg）, and HBV surface antigen （HBsAg） in the development of chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. Methods： Thirteen healthy individuals （HI）, 30 chronic HBV-infected patients in immune tolerant （IT） phase, and 55 CHB patients were enrolled between August 2015 and May 2017. The peripheral blood samples were collected from all individuals. Tile levels of interferon （IFN）-α2, interleukin （IL）-10, transforming growth factor （TGF）-β1, HBV-DNA, HBsAg, and HBeAg and liver function were measured. The quantitative determinations of cytokines levels, including I FN-ct2, IL-10, and TGF-[31 were performed using Luminex multiplex technology. The correlation of cytokines to ALT, HBV-DNA, HBsAg, and HBeAg was analyzed by linear regression analysis. Results： IFN-ct2 levels were similar between HI and IT groups （15.35 [5.70, 67.65] pg/ml vs. 15.24 [4.07, 30.73] pg/ml, Z = -0.610, P - 0.542）, while it elevated significantly in CH B group （35.29 [ 15.94, 70.15] pg/ml vs. 15.24 [4.07, 30.73] pg/ml; Z = -2.522, P = 0.012）. Compared with HI group （3.73 [2.98, 11.92] pg/ml）, IL-10 concentrations in IT group （5.02 [2,98, 10.11] pg/ml）, and CHB group （7.48 [3. I 0, 18.00] pg/ml） slightly increased （X^2 = 2.015, P - 0.365）, and there was no significant difference between IT and CHB group （Z =- 1.419, P = 0.156）. The TGF-β1 levels among HI （3.59 ±0.20 pg/ml）, IT （3.62 ±0.55 pg/ml）, and CHB groups （3.64±0.30 pg/ml） were similar （X^2=2.739, P = 0.254）. In all chronic HBV-infected patients （including patients in IT and CHB groups）, the elevation of IFN-α2 level was significantly associated with ALT level （β = 0.389, t = 2.423, P = 0.018）,
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12090060,12090063,12105052,12005131,11905128,11925502)the Office of Science and Technology,Shanghai Municipal Government,China(22JC1410100)。
文摘Neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae are essential for understanding neutrino physics and stellar evolution.Dual-phase xenon dark matter detectors can be used to track explosions of galactic supernovae by detecting neutrinos through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scatterings.In this study,a variation of progenitor masses and explosion models are assumed to predict neutrino fluxes and spectra,which result in the number of expected neutrino events ranging from 6.6 to 13.7 at a distance of 10 kpc over a 10-s duration with negligible backgrounds at PandaX-4T.Two specialized triggering alarms for monitoring supernova burst neutrinos are built.The efficiency of detecting supernova explosions at various distances in the Milky Way is estimated.These alarms will be implemented in the real-time supernova monitoring system at PandaX-4T in the near future,which will provide supernova early warnings for the astronomical community.
文摘Purpose: Neonatal pneumonia is a major newborn disease with a high morbidity rate. We aimed to evaluate whether atypical prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) is a high-risk factor for causing neonatal pneumonia in a prospective real-world study. Patients and Methods: A total of 250 pregnant women at pregnancy week 39 were non-selectively recruited. All were examined by PROM and neonatal pneumonia related clinical, bedside and lab tests, including body temperature, blood pressure, increased vagina discharge, posterior vault pooling, abdominal tenderness, WBC count, nitrazine test, amniotic fluid index, Leakection (a sICAM-1 based lateral flow immunoassay) and vagina streptococcus examinations. Increased vagina discharge with a Leakection positivity was adopted as a working criterium for identifying atypical PROM. Neonatal pneumonia was diagnosed based on the clinical presentation and lab tests. Results: Twenty cases of neonatal pneumonia (8.0%) were diagnosed after the deliveries of the 250 pregnant women. In these neonatal pneumonia cases, 12 (16.7%) occurred in 72 deliveries with atypical PROM, 2 (16.7%) in 12 deliveries with typical PROM, and 6 (3.6%) in 166 deliveries with non-PROM. Conclusion: In this real-world study, we find that a systematic screening at pregnancy week 39 was very meaningful in revealing atypical PROM. Moreover, atypical PROM is a major risk factor for neonatal pneumonia. Therefore, an early diagnosis and intervention on atypical PROM could potentially reduce the occurrence of neonatal pneumonia.
文摘The implementation of appropriate tillage practices is of great significance for agricultural production. However, the effects of different tillage depths on soil nutrients content and microbial communities in tobacco-planting soils are still lacking systematic research. In this study, three different tillage depths of 15 cm (T1), 20 cm (T2), and 30 cm (T3) were set up for field experiments in Liupanshui, Guizhou Province, to explore the effects of tillage depth on tobacco-planting soil nutrients and bacterial and fungal communities based on 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing and figure out the key factors affecting soil microbial communities. The results showed that T2 and T3 increased the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, and available potassium in tobacco-planting soil, and increased the diversity of bacterial communities compared with T1. There was no significant difference in the structure of bacterial and fungal communities in different tillage depth treatments, but some dominant genera were significantly enriched in T2 and T3. Desulfobacter, Setophoma, Humicola, and Acremonium were significantly enriched in T2. Chthonomonas and Fusarium were significantly enriched in T3. These genera favor the decomposition of organic matter and the cycling of nutrients, and control soil pests and diseases. Redundancy analysis indicated that TP and AK were the key factors influencing the dominant genera of bacteria and fungi. This study provides a scientific basis for the selection of soil tillage depth for tobacco production in this region.
文摘With the development of automatic driving and fuzzy theory, people pay more and more attention to the application of fuzzy logic in engineering technology. The automatic parking module in the automatic driving system has always been the focus of research. Automatic parking modules can greatly assist drivers in parking operations, greatly reduce parking difficulties and make people more convenient and fast parking. In this paper, an automatic parking system based on the fuzzy controller is proposed. The fuzzy controller of automatic parking system is constructed by using fuzzy theory, and the robustness of the whole system is examined by fuzzy logic. Firstly, the vehicle motion rules and trajectory changes are analyzed in detail, and the real parking lot model is simulated. Then, the input and output variables of the whole system are analyzed by fuzzy theory and the membership function is constructed. Based on the experience of human experts, the parking rules are tested and summarized, and a reasonable and practical rule base is established. Finally, MATLAB is used to code, build the visual interface of parking lot and vehicles, and draw the cyclic iterative function to detect the vehicle position and direction angle, so as to act as a sensor. The results show that using a fuzzy controller to construct an automatic parking system can effectively improve the parking level.
文摘Breast cancer is a significant health concern, necessitating accurate prediction models for early detection and improved patient outcomes. This study presents a comparative analysis of three machine learning models, namely, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Random Forest, for breast cancer prediction using the Wisconsin breast cancer diagnostic dataset. The dataset comprises features computed from fine needle aspirate images of breast masses, with 357 benign and 212 malignant cases. The research findings highlight that the Random Forest model, leveraging the top 5 predictors—“concave points_mean”, “area_mean”, “radius_mean”, “perimeter_mean”, and “concavity_mean”, achieves the highest predictive accuracy of approximately 95% and a cross-validation score of approximately 93% for the test dataset. These results demonstrate the potential of machine learning approaches in breast cancer prediction, underscoring their importance in aiding early detection and diagnosis.
文摘我国是肝细胞癌(肝癌)大国,全世界约有50%肝癌来自我国,且总体生存期较差。首诊时中晚期患者比例较高是我国肝癌病死率高的重要原因[1]。随着系统治疗的进步,中晚期肝癌的治疗模式发生了巨大的转变,肿瘤完全切除是达到根治性目的的重要保证,更是确保晚期生存获益的前提[1,2]。如何将不可切除肝癌通过转化治疗降期,创造根治性手术切除的机会将大大提高中晚期患者的生存获益。近年来,随着精准医学的发展,尤其是多靶点激酶抑制剂为代表的靶向治疗,及以PD-1和PD-L1为代表的免疫治疗,正逐步改变中晚期肝癌的围手术期治疗策略[3,4,5]。目前,阿替利珠单抗联合贝伐珠单抗仍为一线推荐的系统治疗方案(Ⅰ级推荐)[6]。然而,以免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors,ICI)为主的联合治疗方案在Ⅱ期及Ⅲ期临床实验及临床实践中均显示出较好的安全性及疗效,随着ORIENT-32及KEYNOTE 524/Study117数据公布[7],中国临床肿瘤学会(Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology,CSCO)已将以ICI联合抗VEGF单克隆抗体及ICI联合酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(tyrosine kinase inhibitor,TKI)类药物列为一线推荐[8]。现将吉林大学第二医院收治的1例中国肝癌临床分期(China Liver Cancer Staging,CNLC)Ⅲa期合并胆管癌栓的不可切除肝癌患者,经信迪利单抗联合仑伐替尼转化后根治性手术治疗,术后评估为完全缓解(complete response,CR)的诊治过程报告如下。
基金Project supported by the College Student Innovation Training Program of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunicationsthe Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund(JASTIF)(Grant No.CX(21)3187)。
文摘We propose magnetized gyromagnetic photonic crystals(MGPCs)composed of indium antimonide(InSb)and yttrium iron garnet ferrite(YIGF)layers,which possess the properties of nonreciprocal wide-angle bidirectional absorption.Periodical defects in the MGPCs work as filters.Absorption bands(ABs)for the positive and negative propagations arise from the optical Tamm state and resonance in cavities respectively,and they prove to share no overlaps in the studied frequency range.Givenω=2.0138 THz,for the positive propagation,the ABs in the high-frequency range are localized in the interval between 0.66ωand 0.88ω.In the angular range,the ABs for the TE and TM waves reach 60°and 51°,separately.For the negative propagation,the ABs in the low-frequency range are localized in the interval between 0.13ωand 0.3ω.The AB s extend to 60°for the TE waves and 80.4°for the TM waves.There also exists a narrow frequency band in a lower frequency range.The relevant factors,which include the external temperature,the magnetic fields applied to the YIGF,the refractive index of the impedance matching layer,and the defect thickness,are adjusted to investigate the effects on the ABs.All the numerical simulations are based on the transfer matrix method.This work provides an approach to designs of isolators and so on.
文摘Trace elements are found in small concentrations in soil, yet plants require them for physiological functions. The runoff process leads to soil fertility loss by shifting soil particles and elements, and deposits them to a different position. However, there is a lack of information about the amount of trace elements that flow in tobacco-growing red soil during the natural rainy seasons due to runoff. In this study, runoff discharge was collected from two different soil mulching conditions (straw and no straw) at 15?, in Miyi county of Sichuan province, to evaluate the characteristics of trace elements in runoff discharge. The runoff discharge was filtered to separate water (runoff) from sediment. The concentrations of the elements were analyzed in samples obtained from 9 erosive rainfall events, with 3 replications for every sample. The considered trace elements were Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), and Molybdenum (Mo). In addition, the total amount of each element loss per unit area (total loss) was also calculated statistically. The results revealed different concentrations and total losses for the selected trace elements. The total loss in runoff ranged from 10.82 to 194.05 mg/ha, 0.62 to 18.91 mg/ha, and 0.32 to 2.37 mg/ha for Zn, Cu, and Mo, respectively. The total loss in sediment ranged from 54.65 to 12036.34 mg/ha, 44.74 to 5285.30 mg/ha, and 1.78 to 399.82 mg/ha for Zn, Cu, and Mo, respectively. Rainfall intensity, runoff depth, and sediment yield showed distinct positive correlations with the trace elements losses. The loss reduced with the addition of straw in the experimental area. Since each trace element showed distinct characteristics in the runoff and sediment, it is crucial to assess the loss of trace elements in runoff discharge from different agronomic practices. In turn, various sustainable practices of preventing soil fertility loss will be identified.
