The present study was designed to establish and optimize a new method for extracting chlorogenic acid and cynaroside from Lonicera japonica Thunb. through orthogonal experimental designl. A new ultrahigh pressure extr...The present study was designed to establish and optimize a new method for extracting chlorogenic acid and cynaroside from Lonicera japonica Thunb. through orthogonal experimental designl. A new ultrahigh pressure extraction （UPE） technology was applied to extract chlorogenic acid and cynaroside from L. japonica. The influential factors, including solvent type, ethanol concentration, extraction pressure, time, and temperature, and the solid/liquid ratio, have been studied to optimize the extraction process, The optimal conditions for the UPE were developed by quantitative analysis of the extraction products by HPLC-DAD in comparison with standard samples. In addition, the microstructures of the medicinal materials before and after extraction were studied by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Furthermore, the extraction efficiency of different extraction methods and the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） radical scavenging activities of the extracts were investigated. The optimal conditions for extracting chlorogenic acid and cynaroside were as follows： ethanol concentration, 60%; extraction pressure, 400 MPa; extraction time, 2 rain; extraction temperature, 30 ℃; and the solid/liquid ratio, 1 ： 50. Under these conditions, the yields of chlorogenic acid and cynaroside were raised to 4.863% and 0.080%, respectively. Compared with other extraction methods, such as heat reflux extraction （HRE）, ultrasonic extraction （UE）, and Sohxlet extraction （SE）, the UPE method showed several advantages, including higher extraction yield, shorter extraction time, lower energy consumption, and higher purity of the extracts. This study could help better utilize L. japonica flower buds as a readily accessible source of natural antioxidants in food and pharmaceutical industries.展开更多
To quantify the relationships between rice plant architecture parameters and the corresponding organ biomass, and to research on functional structural plant models of rice plant, this paper presented a biomass-based m...To quantify the relationships between rice plant architecture parameters and the corresponding organ biomass, and to research on functional structural plant models of rice plant, this paper presented a biomass-based model of aboveground architectural parameters of rice （Oryza sativa L.） in the young seedling stage, designed to explain effects of cultivars and environmental conditions on rice aboveground morphogenesis at the individual leaf level. Various model variables, including biomass of blade and blade length, were parameterized for rice based on data derived from an outdoor experiment with rice cv. Liangyou 108, 86You 8, Nanjing 43, and Yangdao 6. The organ dimensions of rice aboveground were modelled taking corresponding organ biomass as an independent variable. Various variables in rice showed marked consistency in observation and simulation, suggesting possibilities for a general rice architectural model in the young seedling stage. Our descriptive model was suitable for our objective. However, they can set the stage for connection to physiological model via biomass and development of functional structural rice models （FSRM）, and start with the localized production and partitioning of assimilates as affected by abiotic growth factors. The finding of biomass-based rice architectural parameter models also can be used in morphological models of blade, sheath, and tiller of the other stages in rice life.展开更多
The selective removal of arsenic from arsenic-bearing dust containing Pb and Sb in alkaline solution was studied. The influence of Na OH concentration, temperature, leaching time, liquid to solid ratio, and the presen...The selective removal of arsenic from arsenic-bearing dust containing Pb and Sb in alkaline solution was studied. The influence of Na OH concentration, temperature, leaching time, liquid to solid ratio, and the presence of elemental sulfur on the dissolution of As, Sb and Pb in Na OH solution was investigated. The results indicate that the presence of elemental sulfur can effectively prevent leaching of lead and antimony from arsenic. The Sb2O3, As2O3 and Pb5(AsO4)3 OH in the raw material convert to NaSb(OH)6 and PbS in the leaching residue, while arsenic is leached out as As(Ⅲ) or As(Ⅴ) ions in the leaching solution. Arsenic leaching efficiency of 99.84% can be achieved under the optimized conditions, while 97.82% of Sb and 99.97% of Pb remain in the leach residue with the arsenic concentration of less than 0.1%. A novel route is presented for the selective removal of arsenic and potential recycle of lead and antimony from the arsenic-bearing dust leached by Na OH solutions with the addition of elemental sulfur.展开更多
Two pairs of unusual scalemic enantiomers with a dimethoxyphenyl）ethyl]-2-methoxyindolin-3-one, novel carbon skeleton of 2-[1′-（4＂-hydroxy-3＂,5＂- named isatidifoliumindolinones A-D （1-4）, were isolated from an...Two pairs of unusual scalemic enantiomers with a dimethoxyphenyl）ethyl]-2-methoxyindolin-3-one, novel carbon skeleton of 2-[1′-（4＂-hydroxy-3＂,5＂- named isatidifoliumindolinones A-D （1-4）, were isolated from an aqueous extract of lsatis indigotica leaves （da qing ye）. Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic data analysis combined with comparison of their experimental CD and calculated ECD spectra. Validity of the ECD spectra calculation to assign the absolute configurations is discussed. Plausible biosynthetic pathways of 1-4 are proposed. Stereochemistry-dependent activity against LPS-induced NO production in BY2 cells was observed, and among the stereoisomers compound 4 is most active.展开更多
目的:验证应用深度学习算法的计算机辅助诊断(DL-CAD)系统检测胸部DR片肋骨骨折的应用价值。方法:回顾性收集110例因外伤拍摄胸部正位DR片的患者。DL-CAD系统及4名放射科主治医生(5~9年诊断经验)分别阅片,采用灵敏度、特异度、准确率指...目的:验证应用深度学习算法的计算机辅助诊断(DL-CAD)系统检测胸部DR片肋骨骨折的应用价值。方法:回顾性收集110例因外伤拍摄胸部正位DR片的患者。DL-CAD系统及4名放射科主治医生(5~9年诊断经验)分别阅片,采用灵敏度、特异度、准确率指标比较两者对骨折病例的筛检效能;精准度、召回率及F1值比较两种阅片模式在骨折定位诊断中的效能;采用阅片时间评价诊断效率。结果:DL-CAD系统识别患者是否存在肋骨骨折的表现与放射科医生的平均水平相比无统计学差异,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.824 vs. 0.833(P>0.05),二者的敏感度,特异度及准确率分别为87.5%vs. 88.3%、73.9%vs. 69.6%和81.8%vs. 80.5%,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。在骨折的定位诊断方面,DL-CAD系统的诊断效能逊于放射科医生,二者的精准度、召回率及F1值分别为60.6%vs. 62.1%、55.7%vs. 73.1%和0.58 vs. 0.67,差异有显著的统计学意义(均P<0.05);侧肋的诊断准确率高于后肋。DL-CAD系统每例阅片时间较医生显著缩短((2.00±0.35) s vs.(108.00±6.36) s,P<0.01)。结论:DL-CAD系统可高效的进行肋骨骨折检测,在筛检骨折病例上的效能与放射科医生相当,但其骨折定位诊断能力有待进一步提升。展开更多
Background:Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) is believed to be the critical process in malignant tumor invasion and metastases,and has a great influence on improving the survival rate in non-small-cell lung cance...Background:Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) is believed to be the critical process in malignant tumor invasion and metastases,and has a great influence on improving the survival rate in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients.Recent studies suggested that eukaryotic initiation factor 5A-2(eIF5A-2) might serve as an adverse prognostic marker of survival.We detected eIF5A-2 in NSCLC A549 cells,and found that the invasive capability correlates with the eIF5A-2 expression.Methods:Transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 was used to induce EMT in A549 cells.Western blotting,immunofluorescence,wound healing assay,and transwell-matrigel invasion chambers were used to identify phenotype changes.Western blotting was also used to observe changes of the expression of eIF5A-2.We down-regulated the eIF5A-2 expression using an eIF5A-2 siRNA and identified the phenotype changes by western blotting and immunofluorescence.We tested the change of migration and invasion capabilities of A549 cells by the wound healing assay and transwell-matrigel invasion chambers.Results:After stimulating with TGF-β1,almost all A549 cells changed to the mesenchymal phenotype and acquired more migration and invasion capabilities.These cells also had higher eIF5A-2 protein expression.Down-regulation of eIF5A-2 expression with eIF5A-2 siRNA transfection could change the cells from mesenchymal to epithelial phenotype and decrease tumor cell migration and invasive capabilities significantly.Conclusions:The expression of eIF5A-2 was up-regulated following EMT phenotype changes in A549 cells,which correlated with enhanced tumor invasion and metastatic capabilities.Furthermore,in the A549 cell line,the process of EMT phenotype change could be reversed by eIF5A-2 siRNA,with a consequent weakening of both invasive and metastatic capabilities.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF) in patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO-ME).METHODS: Twen...AIM: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF) in patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO-ME).METHODS: Twenty-eight eyes from twenty-eight treatment-na?ve patients(14 males and 14 females) with RVO-ME were included in this retrospective study.The retinal vein occlusion(RVO) was comprised of both central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO,n=14) and branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO,n=14).Intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF reagents were administered monthly for three consecutive months,in which 18 patients were injected with ranibizumab and 10 patients were injected with conbercept.All eyes were imaged with optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) at baseline and 1wk after monthly intravitreal anti-VEGF injection.The visual acuity(VA),central macular thickness(CMT),the number of hyperreflective foci(HRF) recognized as an inflammatory sign in OCT images,and non-perfusion area(NPA),were compared before and after anti-VEGF treatments.RESULTS: The mean interval between baseline and follow-up was 29.4±0.79(range,27-48)d.Compared with the baseline,the VA improved(log MAR 1.5±0.1 vs 0.8±0.1,P<0.05) and CMT decreased(460±34.0 μm vs 268.8±12.0 μm,P<0.05),significantly,after antiVEGF treatment.The number of HRF was decreased significantly(76.5±4.8 vs 47.8±4.3,P<0.05) after antiVEGF treatment.CONCLUSION: Anti-VEGF therapy is effective in treating RVO-ME.The mechanisms for the decreased HRF and the reduction of NPA by anti-VEGF therapy merits further exploration.展开更多
Optical nonreciprocity,which refers to the direction-dependent emission,scattering and absorption of photons,plays a very important role in quantum engineering and quantum information processing.Here,we propose an all...Optical nonreciprocity,which refers to the direction-dependent emission,scattering and absorption of photons,plays a very important role in quantum engineering and quantum information processing.Here,we propose an all-optical approach to achieve the optical dynamical switchable quantum nonreciprocity by an off-resonant chiral two-photon driving in a single microring cavity,which differs from the conventional nonreciprocal schemes.It is shown that the optical field with time-dependent statistical properties can be generated and the nonreciprocity flips periodically,with switchable photon blockade and photon-induced tunneling effects.We find that the dynamical system is robust and immune to the parameter variations,which loosens the parameter range of system.Meanwhile,the time window for one-way quantum information is sufficiently wide and tunable.Our work opens a new idea for the current quantum nonreciprocal research,which can facilitate a memory functionality and be used for future inmemory superconducting quantum compute.The other nonreciprocal quantum devices,i.e.,dynamical switchable nonreciprocal squeezing and entanglement,may be inspired by our method,which is expected to have important applications in future quantum technology.展开更多
基金supported by the PAPD(A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions)
文摘The present study was designed to establish and optimize a new method for extracting chlorogenic acid and cynaroside from Lonicera japonica Thunb. through orthogonal experimental designl. A new ultrahigh pressure extraction （UPE） technology was applied to extract chlorogenic acid and cynaroside from L. japonica. The influential factors, including solvent type, ethanol concentration, extraction pressure, time, and temperature, and the solid/liquid ratio, have been studied to optimize the extraction process, The optimal conditions for the UPE were developed by quantitative analysis of the extraction products by HPLC-DAD in comparison with standard samples. In addition, the microstructures of the medicinal materials before and after extraction were studied by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Furthermore, the extraction efficiency of different extraction methods and the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） radical scavenging activities of the extracts were investigated. The optimal conditions for extracting chlorogenic acid and cynaroside were as follows： ethanol concentration, 60%; extraction pressure, 400 MPa; extraction time, 2 rain; extraction temperature, 30 ℃; and the solid/liquid ratio, 1 ： 50. Under these conditions, the yields of chlorogenic acid and cynaroside were raised to 4.863% and 0.080%, respectively. Compared with other extraction methods, such as heat reflux extraction （HRE）, ultrasonic extraction （UE）, and Sohxlet extraction （SE）, the UPE method showed several advantages, including higher extraction yield, shorter extraction time, lower energy consumption, and higher purity of the extracts. This study could help better utilize L. japonica flower buds as a readily accessible source of natural antioxidants in food and pharmaceutical industries.
基金supported by the National High-Tech R&D Program of China(2006AA10Z230, 2006AA10Z219-1)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31171455)+3 种基金the Jiangsu Province Agricultural Scientific Technology Innovation Fund,China (CX(10)221)the Jiangsu Province Postdoctoral Research Program, China (5910907)the No-Profit Industry(Meteorology) Research Program, China (GYHY201006027,GYHY201106027)the Jiangsu Government Scholar-ship for Overseas Studies, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Founding, China (6510733)
文摘To quantify the relationships between rice plant architecture parameters and the corresponding organ biomass, and to research on functional structural plant models of rice plant, this paper presented a biomass-based model of aboveground architectural parameters of rice （Oryza sativa L.） in the young seedling stage, designed to explain effects of cultivars and environmental conditions on rice aboveground morphogenesis at the individual leaf level. Various model variables, including biomass of blade and blade length, were parameterized for rice based on data derived from an outdoor experiment with rice cv. Liangyou 108, 86You 8, Nanjing 43, and Yangdao 6. The organ dimensions of rice aboveground were modelled taking corresponding organ biomass as an independent variable. Various variables in rice showed marked consistency in observation and simulation, suggesting possibilities for a general rice architectural model in the young seedling stage. Our descriptive model was suitable for our objective. However, they can set the stage for connection to physiological model via biomass and development of functional structural rice models （FSRM）, and start with the localized production and partitioning of assimilates as affected by abiotic growth factors. The finding of biomass-based rice architectural parameter models also can be used in morphological models of blade, sheath, and tiller of the other stages in rice life.
基金Project(51604303) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2019JJ20031) supported by the Hunan Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholar,China
文摘The selective removal of arsenic from arsenic-bearing dust containing Pb and Sb in alkaline solution was studied. The influence of Na OH concentration, temperature, leaching time, liquid to solid ratio, and the presence of elemental sulfur on the dissolution of As, Sb and Pb in Na OH solution was investigated. The results indicate that the presence of elemental sulfur can effectively prevent leaching of lead and antimony from arsenic. The Sb2O3, As2O3 and Pb5(AsO4)3 OH in the raw material convert to NaSb(OH)6 and PbS in the leaching residue, while arsenic is leached out as As(Ⅲ) or As(Ⅴ) ions in the leaching solution. Arsenic leaching efficiency of 99.84% can be achieved under the optimized conditions, while 97.82% of Sb and 99.97% of Pb remain in the leach residue with the arsenic concentration of less than 0.1%. A novel route is presented for the selective removal of arsenic and potential recycle of lead and antimony from the arsenic-bearing dust leached by Na OH solutions with the addition of elemental sulfur.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFCNos.81630094,81373287,and 30825044)
文摘Two pairs of unusual scalemic enantiomers with a dimethoxyphenyl）ethyl]-2-methoxyindolin-3-one, novel carbon skeleton of 2-[1′-（4＂-hydroxy-3＂,5＂- named isatidifoliumindolinones A-D （1-4）, were isolated from an aqueous extract of lsatis indigotica leaves （da qing ye）. Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic data analysis combined with comparison of their experimental CD and calculated ECD spectra. Validity of the ECD spectra calculation to assign the absolute configurations is discussed. Plausible biosynthetic pathways of 1-4 are proposed. Stereochemistry-dependent activity against LPS-induced NO production in BY2 cells was observed, and among the stereoisomers compound 4 is most active.
文摘目的:验证应用深度学习算法的计算机辅助诊断(DL-CAD)系统检测胸部DR片肋骨骨折的应用价值。方法:回顾性收集110例因外伤拍摄胸部正位DR片的患者。DL-CAD系统及4名放射科主治医生(5~9年诊断经验)分别阅片,采用灵敏度、特异度、准确率指标比较两者对骨折病例的筛检效能;精准度、召回率及F1值比较两种阅片模式在骨折定位诊断中的效能;采用阅片时间评价诊断效率。结果:DL-CAD系统识别患者是否存在肋骨骨折的表现与放射科医生的平均水平相比无统计学差异,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.824 vs. 0.833(P>0.05),二者的敏感度,特异度及准确率分别为87.5%vs. 88.3%、73.9%vs. 69.6%和81.8%vs. 80.5%,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。在骨折的定位诊断方面,DL-CAD系统的诊断效能逊于放射科医生,二者的精准度、召回率及F1值分别为60.6%vs. 62.1%、55.7%vs. 73.1%和0.58 vs. 0.67,差异有显著的统计学意义(均P<0.05);侧肋的诊断准确率高于后肋。DL-CAD系统每例阅片时间较医生显著缩短((2.00±0.35) s vs.(108.00±6.36) s,P<0.01)。结论:DL-CAD系统可高效的进行肋骨骨折检测,在筛检骨折病例上的效能与放射科医生相当,但其骨折定位诊断能力有待进一步提升。
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Fundation of Ningbo (No. 2011A610052)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Fundation (No. LY12H16002) of China
文摘Background:Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) is believed to be the critical process in malignant tumor invasion and metastases,and has a great influence on improving the survival rate in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients.Recent studies suggested that eukaryotic initiation factor 5A-2(eIF5A-2) might serve as an adverse prognostic marker of survival.We detected eIF5A-2 in NSCLC A549 cells,and found that the invasive capability correlates with the eIF5A-2 expression.Methods:Transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 was used to induce EMT in A549 cells.Western blotting,immunofluorescence,wound healing assay,and transwell-matrigel invasion chambers were used to identify phenotype changes.Western blotting was also used to observe changes of the expression of eIF5A-2.We down-regulated the eIF5A-2 expression using an eIF5A-2 siRNA and identified the phenotype changes by western blotting and immunofluorescence.We tested the change of migration and invasion capabilities of A549 cells by the wound healing assay and transwell-matrigel invasion chambers.Results:After stimulating with TGF-β1,almost all A549 cells changed to the mesenchymal phenotype and acquired more migration and invasion capabilities.These cells also had higher eIF5A-2 protein expression.Down-regulation of eIF5A-2 expression with eIF5A-2 siRNA transfection could change the cells from mesenchymal to epithelial phenotype and decrease tumor cell migration and invasive capabilities significantly.Conclusions:The expression of eIF5A-2 was up-regulated following EMT phenotype changes in A549 cells,which correlated with enhanced tumor invasion and metastatic capabilities.Furthermore,in the A549 cell line,the process of EMT phenotype change could be reversed by eIF5A-2 siRNA,with a consequent weakening of both invasive and metastatic capabilities.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81970811No.81970810+1 种基金No.82171062)Domestic Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission (No.21015800700)。
文摘AIM: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF) in patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO-ME).METHODS: Twenty-eight eyes from twenty-eight treatment-na?ve patients(14 males and 14 females) with RVO-ME were included in this retrospective study.The retinal vein occlusion(RVO) was comprised of both central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO,n=14) and branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO,n=14).Intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF reagents were administered monthly for three consecutive months,in which 18 patients were injected with ranibizumab and 10 patients were injected with conbercept.All eyes were imaged with optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) at baseline and 1wk after monthly intravitreal anti-VEGF injection.The visual acuity(VA),central macular thickness(CMT),the number of hyperreflective foci(HRF) recognized as an inflammatory sign in OCT images,and non-perfusion area(NPA),were compared before and after anti-VEGF treatments.RESULTS: The mean interval between baseline and follow-up was 29.4±0.79(range,27-48)d.Compared with the baseline,the VA improved(log MAR 1.5±0.1 vs 0.8±0.1,P<0.05) and CMT decreased(460±34.0 μm vs 268.8±12.0 μm,P<0.05),significantly,after antiVEGF treatment.The number of HRF was decreased significantly(76.5±4.8 vs 47.8±4.3,P<0.05) after antiVEGF treatment.CONCLUSION: Anti-VEGF therapy is effective in treating RVO-ME.The mechanisms for the decreased HRF and the reduction of NPA by anti-VEGF therapy merits further exploration.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFA1400702)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11975103)。
文摘Optical nonreciprocity,which refers to the direction-dependent emission,scattering and absorption of photons,plays a very important role in quantum engineering and quantum information processing.Here,we propose an all-optical approach to achieve the optical dynamical switchable quantum nonreciprocity by an off-resonant chiral two-photon driving in a single microring cavity,which differs from the conventional nonreciprocal schemes.It is shown that the optical field with time-dependent statistical properties can be generated and the nonreciprocity flips periodically,with switchable photon blockade and photon-induced tunneling effects.We find that the dynamical system is robust and immune to the parameter variations,which loosens the parameter range of system.Meanwhile,the time window for one-way quantum information is sufficiently wide and tunable.Our work opens a new idea for the current quantum nonreciprocal research,which can facilitate a memory functionality and be used for future inmemory superconducting quantum compute.The other nonreciprocal quantum devices,i.e.,dynamical switchable nonreciprocal squeezing and entanglement,may be inspired by our method,which is expected to have important applications in future quantum technology.
