Size-classified daily aerosol mass concentrations and concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions were measured in Hefei,China,in four representative months between September 2012 and August 2013.An annual average ...Size-classified daily aerosol mass concentrations and concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions were measured in Hefei,China,in four representative months between September 2012 and August 2013.An annual average mass concentration of 169.09μg/m^3 for total suspended particulate（TSP）was measured using an Andersen Mark-II cascade impactor.The seasonal average mass concentration was highest in winter（234.73μg/m^3）and lowest in summer（91.71μg/m^3）.Water-soluble ions accounted for 59.49%,32.90%,48.62%and 37.08%of the aerosol mass concentration in winter,spring,summer,and fall,respectively,which indicated that ionic species were the primary constituents of the atmospheric aerosols.The four most abundant ions were NO3^-,SO4^2-,Ca^2＋ and NH4^＋.With the exception of Ca^2＋,the mass concentrations of water-soluble ions were in an intermediate range compared with the levels for other Chinese cities.Sulfate,nitrate,and ammonium were the dominant fine-particle species,which were bimodally distributed in spring,summer and fall;however,the size distribution became unimodal in winter,with a peak at 1.1–2.1μm.The Ca^2＋ peak occurred at approximately 4.7–5.8μm in all seasons.The cation to anion ratio was close to 1.4,which suggested that the aerosol particles were alkalescent in Hefei.The average NO3^-/SO4^2-mass ratio was 1.10 in Hefei,which indicated that mobile source emissions were predominant.Significant positive correlation coefficients between the concentrations of NH4^＋ and SO4^2-,NH4^＋ and NO3^-,SO4^2-and NO3^-,and Mg^2＋ and Ca^2＋ were also indicated,suggesting that aerosol particles may be present as（NH4）2SO4,NH4HSO4,and NH4NO3.展开更多
Neuroinflammation is recognized as an important pathogenic factor for aging and related cognitive disorders. Mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways may mediate neuroinflammation...Neuroinflammation is recognized as an important pathogenic factor for aging and related cognitive disorders. Mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways may mediate neuroinflammation. Saponins from Panax japonicus are the most abundant and bioactive members in rhizomes of Panaxjaponicus, and show anti-inflammatory activity. However, it is not known whether saponin from Panaxjaponicus has an anti-inflammatory effect in the aging brain, and likewise its underlying mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control groups （3-, 9-, 15-, and 24-month-old groups） and saponins from Panaxjaponicus-treated groups. Saponins from Panaxjaponicus-treated groups were orally administrated saponins from Panaxjaponicus at three doses of 10, 30, and 60 mg/kg once daily for 6 months until the rats were 24 months old. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot assay results demonstrated that many microglia were activated in 24-month-old rats compared with 3- and 9-month-old rats. Expression of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-a, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase increased. Each dose of saponins from Panaxjaponicus visibly suppressed microglial activation in the aging rat brain, and inhibited expression levels of the above factors. Each dose of saponins from Panax japonicus markedly diminished levels of nuclear factor kappa B, IKBa, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38. These results confirm that saponins from Panaxjaponicus can mitigate neuroinflammation in the aging rat brain by inhibition of the mito- gen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways.展开更多
With the frequent occurrence of agricultural product safety incidents in recent years, the agricultural products' quality safety has become more and more concerned by the people. The relevant subjects are the dire...With the frequent occurrence of agricultural product safety incidents in recent years, the agricultural products' quality safety has become more and more concerned by the people. The relevant subjects are the direct relationship with the quality safety of agricultural products, and play a key role in ensuring the quality safety of agricultural products. This paper analyzes the behavior performance of production subject, circulation subject, consumption subject, supervision subject on agricultural products' quality safety, and puts forward the following countermeasures to improve the quality safety of agricultural products according to their behavior performance: to regulate the production of agricultural products, to strengthen the management and control agricultural inputs, to improve the safety supervision system of agricultural products, to accelerate the development of new circulation subject, to actively cultivate and develop new types agricultural business, to accelerate the process of agricultural scale management, to establish the multiple supervision subject, and to make up the regulatory loopholes.展开更多
目的:评价太极拳锻炼防治骨质疏松症的有效性。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Web of science、The Cochrane Library、Embase、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普网、万方数据库、中国知网收录的太极拳锻炼防治骨质疏松症的随机对照试验文献,检...目的:评价太极拳锻炼防治骨质疏松症的有效性。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Web of science、The Cochrane Library、Embase、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普网、万方数据库、中国知网收录的太极拳锻炼防治骨质疏松症的随机对照试验文献,检索时限为建库至2020年7月15日。对照组不干预或口服常规抗骨质疏松药物,试验组在对照组的基础上联合太极拳锻炼干预。由2名研究人员独立检索、筛选文献,提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险。采用Revman5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入18篇文献。Meta分析结果显示,试验组腰椎骨密度改善程度优于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.960;SMD=0.17,95%CI(0.01,0.33),P=0.030],股骨颈骨密度改善程度优于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.910;SMD=0.24,95%CI(0.09,0.38),P=0.001],Ward三角骨密度改善程度优于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.730;SMD=0.21,95%CI(-0.00,0.43),P=0.050],2组患者股骨大转子骨密度改善程度的差异无统计学意义[I^(2)=0%,P=0.720;SMD=0.14,95%CI(-0.08,0.36),P=0.210];2组患者的跟骨超声振幅衰减改善程度、跟骨骨质指数改善程度比较,组间差异均无统计学意义[I^(2)=0%,P=0.980;SMD=0.13,95%CI(-0.24,0.50),P=0.490;I^(2)=0%,P=0.940;SMD=0.11,95%CI(-0.26,0.47),P=0.570];试验组跟骨超声传播速度改善程度优于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.980;SMD=0.50,95%CI(-0.13,0.87),P=0.009];试验组血清钙浓度改善程度优于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.860;SMD=-0.33,95%CI(-0.58,-0.07),P=0.010];2组患者的血清磷浓度和血清碱性磷酸酶浓度改善程度比较,组间差异均无统计学意义[I^(2)=0%,P=0.980;SMD=0.09,95%CI(-0.16,0.34),P=0.480;I^(2)=0%,P=0.610;SMD=-0.01,95%CI(-0.27,0.24),P=0.930];试验组的治疗有效率高于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.680;RR=11.74,95%CI(3.71,37.17),P=0.000]。利用股骨颈骨密度作发表偏倚分析,结果显示漏斗图上各研究点分布基本对称,提示存在发表偏倚的可能性较小。结论:现有的证据表明,太极拳锻炼可以有效提高展开更多
基金supported by the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.1308085MD55)the China Special Fund for Meteorological Research in the Public Interest(NosGYHY201206011 and GYHY201406039)
文摘Size-classified daily aerosol mass concentrations and concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions were measured in Hefei,China,in four representative months between September 2012 and August 2013.An annual average mass concentration of 169.09μg/m^3 for total suspended particulate（TSP）was measured using an Andersen Mark-II cascade impactor.The seasonal average mass concentration was highest in winter（234.73μg/m^3）and lowest in summer（91.71μg/m^3）.Water-soluble ions accounted for 59.49%,32.90%,48.62%and 37.08%of the aerosol mass concentration in winter,spring,summer,and fall,respectively,which indicated that ionic species were the primary constituents of the atmospheric aerosols.The four most abundant ions were NO3^-,SO4^2-,Ca^2＋ and NH4^＋.With the exception of Ca^2＋,the mass concentrations of water-soluble ions were in an intermediate range compared with the levels for other Chinese cities.Sulfate,nitrate,and ammonium were the dominant fine-particle species,which were bimodally distributed in spring,summer and fall;however,the size distribution became unimodal in winter,with a peak at 1.1–2.1μm.The Ca^2＋ peak occurred at approximately 4.7–5.8μm in all seasons.The cation to anion ratio was close to 1.4,which suggested that the aerosol particles were alkalescent in Hefei.The average NO3^-/SO4^2-mass ratio was 1.10 in Hefei,which indicated that mobile source emissions were predominant.Significant positive correlation coefficients between the concentrations of NH4^＋ and SO4^2-,NH4^＋ and NO3^-,SO4^2-and NO3^-,and Mg^2＋ and Ca^2＋ were also indicated,suggesting that aerosol particles may be present as（NH4）2SO4,NH4HSO4,and NH4NO3.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81374001,81673778,81273895the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China,No.2013CFA014
文摘Neuroinflammation is recognized as an important pathogenic factor for aging and related cognitive disorders. Mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways may mediate neuroinflammation. Saponins from Panax japonicus are the most abundant and bioactive members in rhizomes of Panaxjaponicus, and show anti-inflammatory activity. However, it is not known whether saponin from Panaxjaponicus has an anti-inflammatory effect in the aging brain, and likewise its underlying mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control groups （3-, 9-, 15-, and 24-month-old groups） and saponins from Panaxjaponicus-treated groups. Saponins from Panaxjaponicus-treated groups were orally administrated saponins from Panaxjaponicus at three doses of 10, 30, and 60 mg/kg once daily for 6 months until the rats were 24 months old. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot assay results demonstrated that many microglia were activated in 24-month-old rats compared with 3- and 9-month-old rats. Expression of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-a, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase increased. Each dose of saponins from Panaxjaponicus visibly suppressed microglial activation in the aging rat brain, and inhibited expression levels of the above factors. Each dose of saponins from Panax japonicus markedly diminished levels of nuclear factor kappa B, IKBa, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38. These results confirm that saponins from Panaxjaponicus can mitigate neuroinflammation in the aging rat brain by inhibition of the mito- gen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways.
基金supported by the following programs:Key Project of National Social Science Fund of China (Grant No. 15AZD062)the National Natural Foundation of China (Grant No. 71673302)Zhongnan University of Economics and Law Graduate Education Innovation Program Fund (Grant No. 2016Y1054)
文摘With the frequent occurrence of agricultural product safety incidents in recent years, the agricultural products' quality safety has become more and more concerned by the people. The relevant subjects are the direct relationship with the quality safety of agricultural products, and play a key role in ensuring the quality safety of agricultural products. This paper analyzes the behavior performance of production subject, circulation subject, consumption subject, supervision subject on agricultural products' quality safety, and puts forward the following countermeasures to improve the quality safety of agricultural products according to their behavior performance: to regulate the production of agricultural products, to strengthen the management and control agricultural inputs, to improve the safety supervision system of agricultural products, to accelerate the development of new circulation subject, to actively cultivate and develop new types agricultural business, to accelerate the process of agricultural scale management, to establish the multiple supervision subject, and to make up the regulatory loopholes.
文摘目的:评价太极拳锻炼防治骨质疏松症的有效性。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Web of science、The Cochrane Library、Embase、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普网、万方数据库、中国知网收录的太极拳锻炼防治骨质疏松症的随机对照试验文献,检索时限为建库至2020年7月15日。对照组不干预或口服常规抗骨质疏松药物,试验组在对照组的基础上联合太极拳锻炼干预。由2名研究人员独立检索、筛选文献,提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险。采用Revman5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入18篇文献。Meta分析结果显示,试验组腰椎骨密度改善程度优于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.960;SMD=0.17,95%CI(0.01,0.33),P=0.030],股骨颈骨密度改善程度优于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.910;SMD=0.24,95%CI(0.09,0.38),P=0.001],Ward三角骨密度改善程度优于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.730;SMD=0.21,95%CI(-0.00,0.43),P=0.050],2组患者股骨大转子骨密度改善程度的差异无统计学意义[I^(2)=0%,P=0.720;SMD=0.14,95%CI(-0.08,0.36),P=0.210];2组患者的跟骨超声振幅衰减改善程度、跟骨骨质指数改善程度比较,组间差异均无统计学意义[I^(2)=0%,P=0.980;SMD=0.13,95%CI(-0.24,0.50),P=0.490;I^(2)=0%,P=0.940;SMD=0.11,95%CI(-0.26,0.47),P=0.570];试验组跟骨超声传播速度改善程度优于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.980;SMD=0.50,95%CI(-0.13,0.87),P=0.009];试验组血清钙浓度改善程度优于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.860;SMD=-0.33,95%CI(-0.58,-0.07),P=0.010];2组患者的血清磷浓度和血清碱性磷酸酶浓度改善程度比较,组间差异均无统计学意义[I^(2)=0%,P=0.980;SMD=0.09,95%CI(-0.16,0.34),P=0.480;I^(2)=0%,P=0.610;SMD=-0.01,95%CI(-0.27,0.24),P=0.930];试验组的治疗有效率高于对照组[I^(2)=0%,P=0.680;RR=11.74,95%CI(3.71,37.17),P=0.000]。利用股骨颈骨密度作发表偏倚分析,结果显示漏斗图上各研究点分布基本对称,提示存在发表偏倚的可能性较小。结论:现有的证据表明,太极拳锻炼可以有效提高
