In the Equation-free framework,amacro-coarse projective integrationmethod consists of two parts:the time stepper and time projection on macro scale.The first one consists of lifting,micro simulation and restriction.Fo...In the Equation-free framework,amacro-coarse projective integrationmethod consists of two parts:the time stepper and time projection on macro scale.The first one consists of lifting,micro simulation and restriction.For extracting directly from microscopic simulations the information which would be obtained from the macroscopic model of two-dimensional microscopic systems,the time stepper based on the one-dimensional cumulative distribution functions,the marginal cumulative and appropriate number of the conditional cumulative distributions,is introduced.Here this procedure is tested on the nonlinear ion acoustic wave in a plasma.The numerical micro-solver is the one dimensional electrostatic particle-in-cell code.It is shown that particle correlations related to wave structures are better preserved by the new model.The lifting step is critically related to the noise in system.The enlarged noise,rise of correlations,trapping of particles during the wave steepening can seriously violate the basic assumptions of the equation-free approach.展开更多
Subclavian steal syndrome (SSS) is defined as a group of symptoms that arise from reversed blood flow in the ipsilateral vertebral artery. It is the consequence of proximal occlusion or high-grade stenosis of the subc...Subclavian steal syndrome (SSS) is defined as a group of symptoms that arise from reversed blood flow in the ipsilateral vertebral artery. It is the consequence of proximal occlusion or high-grade stenosis of the subclavian artery. The subclavian obstructive lesions are mostly located in the proximal segment of the subclavian artery and predominantly on the left side. In contrast, there are only a small number of patients that present with right-sided symptoms and even fewer with bilateral symptoms. Endovascular therapy of occlusions and high-grade stenosis of subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the vertebral artery becomes an established therapy in last two decades. We report a case of successful endovascular treatment of right-sided subclavian steal and high-grade (80%) right subclavian artery stenosis due to atherosclerotic occlusive disease with balloon-expandable stent using brachial approach.展开更多
This paper shows that the standing, backward- and forward-accelerated large amplitude relativistic electromagnetic solitons induced by intense laser pulse in long underdense collisionless homogeneous plasmas can be ob...This paper shows that the standing, backward- and forward-accelerated large amplitude relativistic electromagnetic solitons induced by intense laser pulse in long underdense collisionless homogeneous plasmas can be observed by particle simulations. In addition to the inhomogeneity of the plasma density, the acceleration of the solitons also depends upon not only the laser amplitude but also the plasma length. The electromagnetic frequency of the solitons is between about half and one of the unperturbed electron plasma frequency. The electrostatic field inside the soliton has a one-cycle structure in space, while the transverse electric and magnetic fields have half-cycle and one-cycle structure respectively. Analytical estimates for the existence of the solitons and their electromagnetic frequencies qualitatively coincide with our simulation results.展开更多
Broomrape causes economic damage in sunflower production in many countries worldwide, but especially in Central and Eastern Europe, Spain, Turkey, Israel, Iran, Kazakhstan, and China. Sunflower selection for broomrape...Broomrape causes economic damage in sunflower production in many countries worldwide, but especially in Central and Eastern Europe, Spain, Turkey, Israel, Iran, Kazakhstan, and China. Sunflower selection for broomrape resistance uses different methods for testing breeding materials, looks for resistance sources in certain wild species of the genus Helianthus, and has so far produced significant results. Dominant genes for resistance to races A, B, C, D, E and F have been found and incorporated into cultivated sunflower genotypes. In the last two to three years, new broomrape populations have been discovered in several countries. None of the existing commercial hybrids resistant to races A, B, C, D, E and F have proven resistant to these new populations. Greenhouse testing conducted by the Fundulea Institute in Romania in 2009 has managed to identify two restorer lines that are resistant to all the new populations and can be used directly in developing hybrids. Sunflower breeders and geneticists have achieved significant results in the use of molecular markers for identifying new broomrape races. Marker-assisted selection should be used even more in the future search for Orobanche resistance. Broomrape can also be managed by the development of IMl-resistant hybrids or by using biological control.展开更多
基金This work is performed with the support under the auspices of the NINS-NIFS Collab-orative Project(NIFS05KEIN0041,NIFS06KEIN0041)NIFS Collaborative Research Program(NIFS04KDAT007,NIFS05KDAT007,NIFS07KDAN001)One of us(A.M.)ac-knowledges partial support by the Ministry of Science and Protection of Environment of Serbia,Project 141034。
文摘In the Equation-free framework,amacro-coarse projective integrationmethod consists of two parts:the time stepper and time projection on macro scale.The first one consists of lifting,micro simulation and restriction.For extracting directly from microscopic simulations the information which would be obtained from the macroscopic model of two-dimensional microscopic systems,the time stepper based on the one-dimensional cumulative distribution functions,the marginal cumulative and appropriate number of the conditional cumulative distributions,is introduced.Here this procedure is tested on the nonlinear ion acoustic wave in a plasma.The numerical micro-solver is the one dimensional electrostatic particle-in-cell code.It is shown that particle correlations related to wave structures are better preserved by the new model.The lifting step is critically related to the noise in system.The enlarged noise,rise of correlations,trapping of particles during the wave steepening can seriously violate the basic assumptions of the equation-free approach.
文摘Subclavian steal syndrome (SSS) is defined as a group of symptoms that arise from reversed blood flow in the ipsilateral vertebral artery. It is the consequence of proximal occlusion or high-grade stenosis of the subclavian artery. The subclavian obstructive lesions are mostly located in the proximal segment of the subclavian artery and predominantly on the left side. In contrast, there are only a small number of patients that present with right-sided symptoms and even fewer with bilateral symptoms. Endovascular therapy of occlusions and high-grade stenosis of subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the vertebral artery becomes an established therapy in last two decades. We report a case of successful endovascular treatment of right-sided subclavian steal and high-grade (80%) right subclavian artery stenosis due to atherosclerotic occlusive disease with balloon-expandable stent using brachial approach.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos 10575015, 10445003, 10335020 and 10375011）, the National Key Laboratory of Laser Fusion, China （Grant No 51480010205ZW0901）, the Scientific Research Foundation for Returned 0verseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry and the Foundation of China Academy of Engineering Physics （Grant No 20060217）.
文摘This paper shows that the standing, backward- and forward-accelerated large amplitude relativistic electromagnetic solitons induced by intense laser pulse in long underdense collisionless homogeneous plasmas can be observed by particle simulations. In addition to the inhomogeneity of the plasma density, the acceleration of the solitons also depends upon not only the laser amplitude but also the plasma length. The electromagnetic frequency of the solitons is between about half and one of the unperturbed electron plasma frequency. The electrostatic field inside the soliton has a one-cycle structure in space, while the transverse electric and magnetic fields have half-cycle and one-cycle structure respectively. Analytical estimates for the existence of the solitons and their electromagnetic frequencies qualitatively coincide with our simulation results.
文摘Broomrape causes economic damage in sunflower production in many countries worldwide, but especially in Central and Eastern Europe, Spain, Turkey, Israel, Iran, Kazakhstan, and China. Sunflower selection for broomrape resistance uses different methods for testing breeding materials, looks for resistance sources in certain wild species of the genus Helianthus, and has so far produced significant results. Dominant genes for resistance to races A, B, C, D, E and F have been found and incorporated into cultivated sunflower genotypes. In the last two to three years, new broomrape populations have been discovered in several countries. None of the existing commercial hybrids resistant to races A, B, C, D, E and F have proven resistant to these new populations. Greenhouse testing conducted by the Fundulea Institute in Romania in 2009 has managed to identify two restorer lines that are resistant to all the new populations and can be used directly in developing hybrids. Sunflower breeders and geneticists have achieved significant results in the use of molecular markers for identifying new broomrape races. Marker-assisted selection should be used even more in the future search for Orobanche resistance. Broomrape can also be managed by the development of IMl-resistant hybrids or by using biological control.
