In this work,we demonstrate that ultraviolet(UV)laser photolysis of hydrocarbon species alters the flame chemistry such that it promotes the diamond growth rate and film quality.Optical emission spectroscopy and laser...In this work,we demonstrate that ultraviolet(UV)laser photolysis of hydrocarbon species alters the flame chemistry such that it promotes the diamond growth rate and film quality.Optical emission spectroscopy and laser-induced fluorescence demonstrate that direct UV laser irradiation of a diamond-forming combustion flame produces a large amount of reactive species that play critical roles in diamond growth,thereby leading to enhanced diamond growth.The diamond growth rate is more than doubled,and diamond quality is improved by 4.2%.Investigation of the diamond nucleation process suggests that the diamond nucleation time is significantly shortened and nondiamond carbon accumulation is greatly suppressed with UV laser irradiation of the combustion flame in a laser-parallel-to-substrate geometry.A narrow amorphous carbon transition zone,averaging 4 nm in thickness,is identified at the film–substrate interface area using transmission electron microscopy,confirming the suppression effect of UV laser irradiation on nondiamond carbon formation.The discovery of the advantages of UV photochemistry in diamond growth is of great significance for vastly improving the synthesis of a broad range of technically important materials.展开更多
While machine learning(ML)in experimental research has demonstrated impressive predictive capabilities,extracting fungible knowledge representations from experimental data remains an elusive task.In this manuscript,we...While machine learning(ML)in experimental research has demonstrated impressive predictive capabilities,extracting fungible knowledge representations from experimental data remains an elusive task.In this manuscript,we use ML to infer the underlying differential equation(DE)from experimental data of degrading organic-inorganic methylammonium lead iodide(MAPI)perovskite thin films under environmental stressors(elevated temperature,humidity,and light).Using a sparse regression algorithm,we find that the underlying DE governing MAPI degradation across a broad temperature range of 35 to 85℃is described minimally by a second-order polynomial.This DE corresponds to the Verhulst logistic function,which describes reaction kinetics analogous to self-propagating reactions.We examine the robustness of our conclusions to experimental variance and Gaussian noise and describe the experimental limits within which this methodology can be applied.Our study highlights the promise and challenges associated with ML-aided scientific discovery by demonstrating its application in experimental chemical and materials systems.展开更多
Compared to normal, diabetic skin is characterized by great sensitivity. Oxidative stress is directly involved, contributing to accelerated skin aging, xerodermia and poor wound healing. In the last 10 years, cigarett...Compared to normal, diabetic skin is characterized by great sensitivity. Oxidative stress is directly involved, contributing to accelerated skin aging, xerodermia and poor wound healing. In the last 10 years, cigarette smoke (CS) exposure has been associated with several skin and dermatological conditions and is directly related to the oxidative stress affecting the skin. However, limited data exist concerning the effect of CS on diabetic skin. Some of the effects of cigarette smoke exposure on the skin of hairless diabetic mice were hereby studied and the potential skin protection by topical applications of Pinus halepensis bark extract was investigated. Female hairless SKH-2 diabetic mice were exposed for 8 days to tobacco smoke and topical applications were performed twice daily. Biophysical parameters such as transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin elasticity and erythema were measured. In addition, the oxidative stress was evaluated. The results show that diabetes and CS have a synergistic negative action on skin condition, with the development of xerosis and high ROS levels whilst topical applications of Pinus halepensis bark extract protect efficiently the toxic effect of CS on skin, by decreasing skin dryness, oxidative stress and blood glucose levels.展开更多
Gold Expressions 2006, comprising nearly 400 pieces of jewelry from 65 manufactures, is poised for anothersuccessful year. The pieces in this stunning collection are innovative and versatile, yet accessibly priced for...Gold Expressions 2006, comprising nearly 400 pieces of jewelry from 65 manufactures, is poised for anothersuccessful year. The pieces in this stunning collection are innovative and versatile, yet accessibly priced for strongconsumer appeal. They speak to consumer purchase emotions: gold as a gift of love, affection and friendship; andgold to express a woman’s individuality and uniqueness.Key to Gold Expressions’ success is consumer research that helps participating manufacturers design jewelry toappeal to target groups of women. In fact, the pieces in this collection were designed according to World Gold Councilresearch that identified the two most active groups of target consumers by their interest in and purchase of gold jewelry,whether for self-purchase or gift-giving. The research formulated in-depth profiles of these groups, including theirlifestyles, values, purchase habits, and jewelry preferences.展开更多
The most common cause of admission to the Pediatric Dentistry service is dental pain, active deafness and an oppressive sensation that is sometimes<span> throbbing and burning. Pharmacotherapy in Pediatric ...The most common cause of admission to the Pediatric Dentistry service is dental pain, active deafness and an oppressive sensation that is sometimes<span> throbbing and burning. Pharmacotherapy in Pediatric Dentistry must be effective, safe, and rational in neonates, infants, and children. The pharmacotherapeutic follow-up of pediatric patients from Integral Clinic of the Odontopediatric Specialty</span><span> </span><span>(CLIO) and Kindergarten Clinic (CLIJANI), Autonom</span><span>ous University of Zacatecas</span><span> </span><span>(UAZ) was carried out. Through an observa</span><span>tion</span><span>al, exploratory, and cross-sectional study, 23 patients from the Pediatric Dentistry Specialty Clinic (CLIO/UAO/UAZ) and 35 clinical records of patients </span><span>from CLIJANI, from August 2019-2020, were analyzed.</span><span> </span><span>Prior authorization</span><span> for </span><span>the patient, an interview, and pharmacotherapeutic follow-up were per</span><span>formed, recording data on the indicated drug, the dose, and the schedule of use.</span><span> </span><span>On carrying out the interview on pharmacotherapy with the parents or guardians who accompany the patient, 91.3% of the pediatric patients were not administered pharmacological treatment. It was observed that there is no adequate adherence to the pharmacological treatment in pediatric patients</span><span>.</span>展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Science Foundation(CMMI 1265122)the Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research(NCESR).
文摘In this work,we demonstrate that ultraviolet(UV)laser photolysis of hydrocarbon species alters the flame chemistry such that it promotes the diamond growth rate and film quality.Optical emission spectroscopy and laser-induced fluorescence demonstrate that direct UV laser irradiation of a diamond-forming combustion flame produces a large amount of reactive species that play critical roles in diamond growth,thereby leading to enhanced diamond growth.The diamond growth rate is more than doubled,and diamond quality is improved by 4.2%.Investigation of the diamond nucleation process suggests that the diamond nucleation time is significantly shortened and nondiamond carbon accumulation is greatly suppressed with UV laser irradiation of the combustion flame in a laser-parallel-to-substrate geometry.A narrow amorphous carbon transition zone,averaging 4 nm in thickness,is identified at the film–substrate interface area using transmission electron microscopy,confirming the suppression effect of UV laser irradiation on nondiamond carbon formation.The discovery of the advantages of UV photochemistry in diamond growth is of great significance for vastly improving the synthesis of a broad range of technically important materials.
基金This work was supported by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA)under contract no.HR001118C0036(R.N.,J.T.,A.T.)TotalEnergies SE research grant funded through MITeI Sustng Mbr 9/08(A.T.,S.S.,Z.L.)+2 种基金the U.S.Department of Energy(DOE)under Photovoltaic Research and Development(PVRD)program under Award no.DE-EE0007535(Z.L.)This work was partially supported by the U.S.Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy(EERE)under the Advanced Manufacturing Office(AMO)Award Number DE-EE0009096(R.N.)A.T.acknowledges the Alfred Kordelin Foundation.
文摘While machine learning(ML)in experimental research has demonstrated impressive predictive capabilities,extracting fungible knowledge representations from experimental data remains an elusive task.In this manuscript,we use ML to infer the underlying differential equation(DE)from experimental data of degrading organic-inorganic methylammonium lead iodide(MAPI)perovskite thin films under environmental stressors(elevated temperature,humidity,and light).Using a sparse regression algorithm,we find that the underlying DE governing MAPI degradation across a broad temperature range of 35 to 85℃is described minimally by a second-order polynomial.This DE corresponds to the Verhulst logistic function,which describes reaction kinetics analogous to self-propagating reactions.We examine the robustness of our conclusions to experimental variance and Gaussian noise and describe the experimental limits within which this methodology can be applied.Our study highlights the promise and challenges associated with ML-aided scientific discovery by demonstrating its application in experimental chemical and materials systems.
文摘Compared to normal, diabetic skin is characterized by great sensitivity. Oxidative stress is directly involved, contributing to accelerated skin aging, xerodermia and poor wound healing. In the last 10 years, cigarette smoke (CS) exposure has been associated with several skin and dermatological conditions and is directly related to the oxidative stress affecting the skin. However, limited data exist concerning the effect of CS on diabetic skin. Some of the effects of cigarette smoke exposure on the skin of hairless diabetic mice were hereby studied and the potential skin protection by topical applications of Pinus halepensis bark extract was investigated. Female hairless SKH-2 diabetic mice were exposed for 8 days to tobacco smoke and topical applications were performed twice daily. Biophysical parameters such as transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin elasticity and erythema were measured. In addition, the oxidative stress was evaluated. The results show that diabetes and CS have a synergistic negative action on skin condition, with the development of xerosis and high ROS levels whilst topical applications of Pinus halepensis bark extract protect efficiently the toxic effect of CS on skin, by decreasing skin dryness, oxidative stress and blood glucose levels.
文摘Gold Expressions 2006, comprising nearly 400 pieces of jewelry from 65 manufactures, is poised for anothersuccessful year. The pieces in this stunning collection are innovative and versatile, yet accessibly priced for strongconsumer appeal. They speak to consumer purchase emotions: gold as a gift of love, affection and friendship; andgold to express a woman’s individuality and uniqueness.Key to Gold Expressions’ success is consumer research that helps participating manufacturers design jewelry toappeal to target groups of women. In fact, the pieces in this collection were designed according to World Gold Councilresearch that identified the two most active groups of target consumers by their interest in and purchase of gold jewelry,whether for self-purchase or gift-giving. The research formulated in-depth profiles of these groups, including theirlifestyles, values, purchase habits, and jewelry preferences.
文摘The most common cause of admission to the Pediatric Dentistry service is dental pain, active deafness and an oppressive sensation that is sometimes<span> throbbing and burning. Pharmacotherapy in Pediatric Dentistry must be effective, safe, and rational in neonates, infants, and children. The pharmacotherapeutic follow-up of pediatric patients from Integral Clinic of the Odontopediatric Specialty</span><span> </span><span>(CLIO) and Kindergarten Clinic (CLIJANI), Autonom</span><span>ous University of Zacatecas</span><span> </span><span>(UAZ) was carried out. Through an observa</span><span>tion</span><span>al, exploratory, and cross-sectional study, 23 patients from the Pediatric Dentistry Specialty Clinic (CLIO/UAO/UAZ) and 35 clinical records of patients </span><span>from CLIJANI, from August 2019-2020, were analyzed.</span><span> </span><span>Prior authorization</span><span> for </span><span>the patient, an interview, and pharmacotherapeutic follow-up were per</span><span>formed, recording data on the indicated drug, the dose, and the schedule of use.</span><span> </span><span>On carrying out the interview on pharmacotherapy with the parents or guardians who accompany the patient, 91.3% of the pediatric patients were not administered pharmacological treatment. It was observed that there is no adequate adherence to the pharmacological treatment in pediatric patients</span><span>.</span>
