营养不良对恶性肿瘤患者的不利影响贯穿其整个病程.肿瘤患者的营养状况如何未见大样本报道,而且已有报道差异很大,本研究旨在调查中国常见恶性肿瘤患者营养不良状况及营养治疗现状.本次观察性多中心研究采用两阶段随机抽样方法抽取全国2...营养不良对恶性肿瘤患者的不利影响贯穿其整个病程.肿瘤患者的营养状况如何未见大样本报道,而且已有报道差异很大,本研究旨在调查中国常见恶性肿瘤患者营养不良状况及营养治疗现状.本次观察性多中心研究采用两阶段随机抽样方法抽取全国22个主要省市80家三甲医院共47488例16种常见恶性肿瘤住院患者,以患者主观整体评估(Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment,PG-SGA)评估患者营养状况,以定量评估区分营养不良严重程度:0~1分无营养不良,2~3分、4~8分、≥9分分别定义为可疑/轻度、中度、重度营养不良.方差分析比较不同特征肿瘤患者PG-SGA评分.肿瘤患者中、重度营养不良的发病率为58.2%(中度32.1%、重度26.1%),22.2%为可疑/轻度营养不良,只有19.6%的患者无营养不良.营养不良的发病存在瘤种、年龄、性别、肿瘤分期、治疗情况及地区差异:胰腺癌患者PG-SGA评分最高(9.58±5.74),乳腺癌患者PG-SGA评分最低(3.51±3.49);<45岁年龄组患者PG-SGA评分最低(4.84±4.50),≥70岁年龄组患者PG-SGA评分最高(7.82±5.10);女性肺癌(5.87vs.5.60,P=0.006)和胃癌(8.36 vs.7.81,P<0.001)PG-SGA评分高于男性;TNM分期较高的患者其PG-SGA评分也较高,其中胰腺癌Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者PG-SGA评分最高,乳腺癌Ⅰ~Ⅲ期患者PG-SGA评分均低于4分(3.05±2.83);接受手术治疗的患者PG-SGA评分最高(6.22±4.74),而目前还没有接受任何治疗的患者评分最低(5.61±4.68);华中区域PG-SGA评分最低(4.82±4.16),华东区域PG-SGA评分最高(7.31±5.53).此外,在某些肿瘤类型中,不同医疗保险类型、受教育水平、职业、居住地、民族的患者PG-SGA评分也有显著差异,农民、小学及以下低教育水平患者营养状况最差.68.78%的肿瘤患者没有获得任何营养治疗,重度营养不良(PG-SGA≥9)肿瘤患者的无营养治疗比例仍然高达55.03%.以上结果说明,中国常见恶性肿瘤患者营养不良发生率展开更多
为提高植物三维重建的精度,更好地实现植物数字化研究,提出了基于TOF(time of flight)深度传感的植物三维点云数据获取与去噪方法。首先通过TOF深度传感来获取植物点云数据,采用直通滤波器对点云数据进行预处理,减少背景噪声;其次采用...为提高植物三维重建的精度,更好地实现植物数字化研究,提出了基于TOF(time of flight)深度传感的植物三维点云数据获取与去噪方法。首先通过TOF深度传感来获取植物点云数据,采用直通滤波器对点云数据进行预处理,减少背景噪声;其次采用改进密度分析的离群点去噪算法,该算法通过结合邻近点平均距离和邻域点数数量2个特征参数,对点云数据中的离群点噪声进行检测和去除;最后采用双边滤波算法对点云内部的小尺寸噪声进行检测和去除。以番茄植株进行相关试验,试验结果表明:与传统双边滤波算法比较,该文算法最大误差降低了11.2%,平均误差降低了23.2%;与拉普拉斯滤波算法比较,最大误差降低了20.6%,平均误差降低了39.2%,表明该文提出的算法在保持点云特征的情况下,能简单高效地去除植物三维点云数据中的不同尺度噪声。展开更多
The relationship between plant species coexistence and soil microbial communities under heavy metal pollution has attracted much attention in ecology. However, whether plant species coexistence could offset the impact...The relationship between plant species coexistence and soil microbial communities under heavy metal pollution has attracted much attention in ecology. However, whether plant species coexistence could offset the impacts of heavy metal combined pollution on soil microbial community structure and soil enzymes activities is not well studied. The modified ecological dose model and PCR-RAPD method were used to assess the effects of two plant species coexistence on soil microbial community and enzymes activities subjected to Cd and Ph combined stress. The results indicated that monoculture and mixed culture would increased microbe populations under Cd and Pb combined stress, and the order of sensitivity of microbial community responding to heavy metal stress was： actinomycetes 〉 bacteria 〉 fungi. The respirations were significantly higher in planted soil than that in unplanted soil. The plant species coexistence could enhance soil enzyme activities under Cd and Pb combined. Furthermore, planted soil would be helpful to enhance soil genetic polymorphisms, but Cd and Pb pollution would cause a decrease on soil genetic polymorphisms. Mixed culture would increase the ecological dose 50% （ED50） values, and the ED50 values for soil enzyme activities decreased with increasing culture time. The dehydrogenase was most sensitive to metal addition and easily loses activity under low dose of heavy metal. However, it was difficult to fully inhibit the phoshpatase activity, and urease responded similarly with phosphatase.展开更多
Trend uncertainty in the ozone valley over the Tibetan Plateau（OVTP）and the South Asian high（SAH）during1979–2009 in ERA-Interim（interim reanalysis data from the ECMWF）,JRA-55（55-yr reanalysis data from the Jap...Trend uncertainty in the ozone valley over the Tibetan Plateau（OVTP）and the South Asian high（SAH）during1979–2009 in ERA-Interim（interim reanalysis data from the ECMWF）,JRA-55（55-yr reanalysis data from the Japan Meteorological Agency）,and NCEP-CFSR（Climate Forecast System Reanalysis）datasets was evaluated.The results showed that the NCEP-CFSR OVTP became strong in the summers of 1979–2009,whereas it became weak according to ERA-Interim and JRA-55.Satellite data merged with TOMS（Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer）and OMI（Ozone Monitoring Instrument）agreed with the OVTP trend of NCEP-CFSR.The OVTP strengthening in NCEP-CFSR may have been caused by SAH intensification,a rising tropopause,and increasing ozone over non-TP（non-Tibetan Plateau）areas（27°–37°N,〈75°E and〉105°E）.Analogously,the OVTP weakening in ERA-Interim and JRA-55 may have been affected by weakening SAH,descending tropopause,and decreasing non-TP ozone.展开更多
The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 3...The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of tonifying Qi and activating blood circulation(SQABC), a method in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), on end-point events in patients with myocardial infarction(MI) in this retr...OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of tonifying Qi and activating blood circulation(SQABC), a method in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), on end-point events in patients with myocardial infarction(MI) in this retrospective cohort study.METHODS: Clinical data were obtained from the medical records of patients with acute MI(AMI),both during hospitalization and follow-up, and included general demographic information(age, gender, and contact information), TCM regimens used,and end-point events.RESULTS: A total of 1596 patients with AMI were enrolled to this study, but data of only 1210 casesare accessible till follow-up. We classified the patients based on the exposure levels of SQABC.When comparing the results between all exposure and non-exposure groups, significant differences were identified, both during hospitalization and follow-ups. During hospitalization, cardiac death(4.40% vs 21.55%, P < 0.05) and cardiac shock(3.04% vs 11.62%, P < 0.05) were significantly lower in the exposure group than the non-exposure group. Similarly, during the follow-up, cardiac death(12.04% vs 20.49%, P < 0.05), acute heart failure(7.27% vs 11.81%, P < 0.05), composite endpoint of reinfarction and stroke(9.11% vs 15.28%,P < 0.05), and rehospitalization due to angina(25.49% vs 34.38%, P < 0.05) were significantly lower in the exposure group than the non-exposure group.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that SQABC can significantly benefits the subjects in the management of high-risk AMI in them.展开更多
文摘营养不良对恶性肿瘤患者的不利影响贯穿其整个病程.肿瘤患者的营养状况如何未见大样本报道,而且已有报道差异很大,本研究旨在调查中国常见恶性肿瘤患者营养不良状况及营养治疗现状.本次观察性多中心研究采用两阶段随机抽样方法抽取全国22个主要省市80家三甲医院共47488例16种常见恶性肿瘤住院患者,以患者主观整体评估(Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment,PG-SGA)评估患者营养状况,以定量评估区分营养不良严重程度:0~1分无营养不良,2~3分、4~8分、≥9分分别定义为可疑/轻度、中度、重度营养不良.方差分析比较不同特征肿瘤患者PG-SGA评分.肿瘤患者中、重度营养不良的发病率为58.2%(中度32.1%、重度26.1%),22.2%为可疑/轻度营养不良,只有19.6%的患者无营养不良.营养不良的发病存在瘤种、年龄、性别、肿瘤分期、治疗情况及地区差异:胰腺癌患者PG-SGA评分最高(9.58±5.74),乳腺癌患者PG-SGA评分最低(3.51±3.49);<45岁年龄组患者PG-SGA评分最低(4.84±4.50),≥70岁年龄组患者PG-SGA评分最高(7.82±5.10);女性肺癌(5.87vs.5.60,P=0.006)和胃癌(8.36 vs.7.81,P<0.001)PG-SGA评分高于男性;TNM分期较高的患者其PG-SGA评分也较高,其中胰腺癌Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者PG-SGA评分最高,乳腺癌Ⅰ~Ⅲ期患者PG-SGA评分均低于4分(3.05±2.83);接受手术治疗的患者PG-SGA评分最高(6.22±4.74),而目前还没有接受任何治疗的患者评分最低(5.61±4.68);华中区域PG-SGA评分最低(4.82±4.16),华东区域PG-SGA评分最高(7.31±5.53).此外,在某些肿瘤类型中,不同医疗保险类型、受教育水平、职业、居住地、民族的患者PG-SGA评分也有显著差异,农民、小学及以下低教育水平患者营养状况最差.68.78%的肿瘤患者没有获得任何营养治疗,重度营养不良(PG-SGA≥9)肿瘤患者的无营养治疗比例仍然高达55.03%.以上结果说明,中国常见恶性肿瘤患者营养不良发生率
文摘为提高植物三维重建的精度,更好地实现植物数字化研究,提出了基于TOF(time of flight)深度传感的植物三维点云数据获取与去噪方法。首先通过TOF深度传感来获取植物点云数据,采用直通滤波器对点云数据进行预处理,减少背景噪声;其次采用改进密度分析的离群点去噪算法,该算法通过结合邻近点平均距离和邻域点数数量2个特征参数,对点云数据中的离群点噪声进行检测和去除;最后采用双边滤波算法对点云内部的小尺寸噪声进行检测和去除。以番茄植株进行相关试验,试验结果表明:与传统双边滤波算法比较,该文算法最大误差降低了11.2%,平均误差降低了23.2%;与拉普拉斯滤波算法比较,最大误差降低了20.6%,平均误差降低了39.2%,表明该文提出的算法在保持点云特征的情况下,能简单高效地去除植物三维点云数据中的不同尺度噪声。
基金supported by the Science Foundation of Shanghai (No. 07DZ12055,07DZ19604,08d21900404)the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2007AA10Z441)
文摘The relationship between plant species coexistence and soil microbial communities under heavy metal pollution has attracted much attention in ecology. However, whether plant species coexistence could offset the impacts of heavy metal combined pollution on soil microbial community structure and soil enzymes activities is not well studied. The modified ecological dose model and PCR-RAPD method were used to assess the effects of two plant species coexistence on soil microbial community and enzymes activities subjected to Cd and Ph combined stress. The results indicated that monoculture and mixed culture would increased microbe populations under Cd and Pb combined stress, and the order of sensitivity of microbial community responding to heavy metal stress was： actinomycetes 〉 bacteria 〉 fungi. The respirations were significantly higher in planted soil than that in unplanted soil. The plant species coexistence could enhance soil enzyme activities under Cd and Pb combined. Furthermore, planted soil would be helpful to enhance soil genetic polymorphisms, but Cd and Pb pollution would cause a decrease on soil genetic polymorphisms. Mixed culture would increase the ecological dose 50% （ED50） values, and the ED50 values for soil enzyme activities decreased with increasing culture time. The dehydrogenase was most sensitive to metal addition and easily loses activity under low dose of heavy metal. However, it was difficult to fully inhibit the phoshpatase activity, and urease responded similarly with phosphatase.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41305039,41675039,91537213,41375047,41375092,41475140,41641042,and 41575057)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘Trend uncertainty in the ozone valley over the Tibetan Plateau（OVTP）and the South Asian high（SAH）during1979–2009 in ERA-Interim（interim reanalysis data from the ECMWF）,JRA-55（55-yr reanalysis data from the Japan Meteorological Agency）,and NCEP-CFSR（Climate Forecast System Reanalysis）datasets was evaluated.The results showed that the NCEP-CFSR OVTP became strong in the summers of 1979–2009,whereas it became weak according to ERA-Interim and JRA-55.Satellite data merged with TOMS（Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer）and OMI（Ozone Monitoring Instrument）agreed with the OVTP trend of NCEP-CFSR.The OVTP strengthening in NCEP-CFSR may have been caused by SAH intensification,a rising tropopause,and increasing ozone over non-TP（non-Tibetan Plateau）areas（27°–37°N,〈75°E and〉105°E）.Analogously,the OVTP weakening in ERA-Interim and JRA-55 may have been affected by weakening SAH,descending tropopause,and decreasing non-TP ozone.
基金support from diverse funding sources,including the National Key Program for S&T Research and Development of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),Yifang Wang's Science Studio of the Ten Thousand Talents Project,the CAS Key Foreign Cooperation Grant,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,the CAS Focused Science Grant,the IHEP Innovation Grant,the CAS Lead Special Training Programthe CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics,the CAS International Partnership Program,and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.
文摘The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation-funded Project:the Method of Establishing End Point Index Based on Principal Component Analysis Combined with Frequency Statistics for Evaluating TCM Efficacy(No.81373827)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of tonifying Qi and activating blood circulation(SQABC), a method in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), on end-point events in patients with myocardial infarction(MI) in this retrospective cohort study.METHODS: Clinical data were obtained from the medical records of patients with acute MI(AMI),both during hospitalization and follow-up, and included general demographic information(age, gender, and contact information), TCM regimens used,and end-point events.RESULTS: A total of 1596 patients with AMI were enrolled to this study, but data of only 1210 casesare accessible till follow-up. We classified the patients based on the exposure levels of SQABC.When comparing the results between all exposure and non-exposure groups, significant differences were identified, both during hospitalization and follow-ups. During hospitalization, cardiac death(4.40% vs 21.55%, P < 0.05) and cardiac shock(3.04% vs 11.62%, P < 0.05) were significantly lower in the exposure group than the non-exposure group. Similarly, during the follow-up, cardiac death(12.04% vs 20.49%, P < 0.05), acute heart failure(7.27% vs 11.81%, P < 0.05), composite endpoint of reinfarction and stroke(9.11% vs 15.28%,P < 0.05), and rehospitalization due to angina(25.49% vs 34.38%, P < 0.05) were significantly lower in the exposure group than the non-exposure group.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that SQABC can significantly benefits the subjects in the management of high-risk AMI in them.
