Background： Despite its high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, sepsis-associated encephalopathy （SAE） is still poorly understood. The aim of this prospective and observational study was to investigate the clini...Background： Despite its high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, sepsis-associated encephalopathy （SAE） is still poorly understood. The aim of this prospective and observational study was to investigate the clinical significance of calcium-binding protein A8 （S 100AS） in serum and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 （TRAF6） in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） in diagnosing SAE and predicting its prognosis. Methods： Data of septic patients were collected within 24 h after Intensive Care Unit admission fi-om July 2014 to March 2015. Healthy medical personnel served as the control group. SAE was defined as cerebral dysfhnction in the presence of sepsis that fulfilled the exclusion criteria. The biochemical indicators, Glasgow Coma Scale, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score II, TRAF6 in PBMC, serum S 100A8, S 10013, and neuron-specific enolase were evaluated in SAE patients afresh. TRAF6 and S 100A8 were also measured in the control group. Results： Of the 57 enrolled patients, 29 were diagnosed with SAE. The S 100A8 and TRAF6 concentrations in SAE patients were both significantly higher than that in no-encephalopathy （NE） patients, and higher in NE than that in controls （3.74 ± 3.13 vs. 1.08 ± 0.75 vs. 0.37 ± 0.14 ng/ml, P 〈 0.01 ; 3.18 ± 1.55 vs. 1.02 ± 0.63 vs. 0.47 ± 0.10, P 〈 0.01）. S 100A8 levels of 1.93 ng/ml were diagnostic of SAE with 92.90% specificity and 69.00% sensitivity in the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve, and the area under the curve was 0.86 （95% confidence interval [CI]： 0.76-0.95）. TRAF6-relative levels of 1.44 were diagnostic of SAE with 85.70% specificity and 86.20% sensitivity, and the area under the curve was 0.94 （95% CI： 0.88-0.99）. In addition, S 100A8 levels of 2.41 ng/ml predicted 28-day mortality of SAE with 90.00% specificity and 73.70% sensitivity in the ROC curve, and the area under the curve was 0.88. TRAF6 relative levels of 2.94 predicted 28-day mortality of SAE with 8展开更多
AIM To investigate the relationship between levels of iron metabolism markers and hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related chronic liver diseases.METHODS This case-control study with 318 participants included 78 cases of chroni...AIM To investigate the relationship between levels of iron metabolism markers and hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related chronic liver diseases.METHODS This case-control study with 318 participants included 78 cases of chronic hepatitis B, 85 cases of HBV-related liver cirrhosis, 77 cases of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma, and 78 healthy controls. Markers of iron metabolism were detected in participants. Hematological and biochemical parameters and HBV-DNA were assessed. Child-Pugh grade and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage were determined for each hepatocellular carcinoma patient. Perls' staining was performed on liver sections. The SPSS program was used for all statistical analyses, and statistical significance was considered if a P-value < 0.05.RESULTS Significantly higher serum ferritin and lower serum hepcidin levels were detected in all groups of HBV-infected patients compared with healthy controls. Serum iron, total iron binding capacity, and serum transferrin levels were significantly lower in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, whereas the hepcidin level was higher than that in chronic hepatitis B patients. Correlation analysis indicated that serum hepcidin was negatively correlated with HBV-DNA load(P < 0.01). Serum ferritin and transferrin saturation levels increased proportionally to the extent of liver cirrhosis and poorer Child-Pugh scores(P < 0.05). The decreased serum iron and transferrin saturation levels were significantly correlated with a smaller hepatocellular carcinoma tumor burden according to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging. Liver histology showed a clearly increasing trend in iron deposition in the liver tissues with increased fibrosis, which became prominent at stages 3(severe liver fibrosis) and 4(cirrhosis). CONCLUSION Iron metabolism disorders occur in patients with HBVrelated liver diseases. The serum markers of iron metabolism disorders vary in different stages of HBV-related liver diseases.展开更多
The changes in humic substances （HS） is fundamental in detecting soil carbon sequestration mechanisms in natural and cultivated environments. Based on a long-term trial, the amounts of water dissolved substances （...The changes in humic substances （HS） is fundamental in detecting soil carbon sequestration mechanisms in natural and cultivated environments. Based on a long-term trial, the amounts of water dissolved substances （WSS）, humic acid （HA）, fulvic acid （FA） and humin （HU） were determined to explore the impact of long-term fertilization on HS. Increases in the amounts of WSS, HA, FA and HU were significant different among the treatments with manure. A significant correlation was found between the increased soil organic carbon （SOC） and HS （R^2=0.98, P〈0.01）. The change in the E4/E6 ratio was significantly correlated with the increased SOC （R2=0.88, P〈0.01）, HA （R^2=0.91, P〈0.01）, FA （R^2=0.91, P〈0.01） and HU （R^2=0.88, P〈0.01）. The cluster was mainly divided into two parts as manure fertilization and inorganic fertilization, based on the increases in HA, FA and HU. These results suggest that long term fertilization with manure favours carbon sequestration in HS and is mainly stabilized as HU, while the HA becomes more aliphatic. We conclude that increases in SOC can be linked to changes in the molecular characteristics of HS fractions under long term fertilization.展开更多
Several prediction models have been developed to estimate the outcomes of prostate biopsies. Most of these tools were designed for use with Western populations and have not been validated across different ethnic group...Several prediction models have been developed to estimate the outcomes of prostate biopsies. Most of these tools were designed for use with Western populations and have not been validated across different ethnic groups. Therefore, we evaluated the predictive value of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial （PCPT） and the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer （ERSPC） risk calculators in a Chinese cohort. Clinicopathological information was obtained from 495 Chinese men who had undergone extended prostate biopsies between January 2009 and March 2011. The estimated probabilities of prostate cancer and high-grade disease （Gleason 〉6） were calculated using the PCPT and ERSPC risk calculators. Overall measures, discrimination, calibration and clinical usefulness were assessed for the model evaluation. Of these patients, 28.7% were diagnosed with prostate cancer and 19.4% had high-grade disease. Compared to the PCPT model and the prostate-specific antigen （PSA） threshold of 4 ng m1-1, the ERSPC risk calculator exhibited better discriminative ability for predicting positive biopsies and high-grade disease （the area under the curve was 0.831 and 0.852, respectively, P〈O.01 for both）. Decision curve analysis also suggested the favourable clinical utility of the ERSPC calculator in the validation dataset. Both prediction models demonstrated miscalibration： the risk of prostate cancer and high-grade disease was overestimated by approximately 20% for a wide range of predicted probabilities. In conclusion, the ERSPC risk calculator outperformed both the PCPT model and the PSA threshold of 4 ng ml- z in predicting prostate cancer and high-grade disease in Chinese patients. However, the prediction tools derived from Western men significantly overestimated the probability of prostate cancer and high-grade disease compared to the outcomes of biopsies in a Chinese cohort.展开更多
Chaotic semiconductor lasers have been widely investigated for generating unpredictable random numbers,especially for lasers with external optical feedback.Nevertheless,chaotic lasers under external feedback are hinde...Chaotic semiconductor lasers have been widely investigated for generating unpredictable random numbers,especially for lasers with external optical feedback.Nevertheless,chaotic lasers under external feedback are hindered by external feedback loop time,which causes correlation peaks for chaotic output.Here,we demonstrate the first self-chaotic microlaser based on internal mode interaction for a dual-mode microcavity laser,and realize random number generation using the self-chaotic laser output.By adjusting mode frequency interval close to the intrinsic relaxation oscillation frequency,nonlinear dynamics including self-chaos and period-oscillations are predicted and realized numerically and experimentally due to internal mode interaction.The internal mode interaction and corresponding carrier spatial oscillations pave the way of mode engineering for nonlinear dynamics in a solitary laser.Our findings provide a novel and easy method to create controllable and robust optical chaos for high-speed random number generation.展开更多
Quantum secure direct communication provides a direct means of conveying secret information via quantum states among legitimate users.The past two decades have witnessed its great strides both theoretically and experi...Quantum secure direct communication provides a direct means of conveying secret information via quantum states among legitimate users.The past two decades have witnessed its great strides both theoretically and experimentally.However,the security analysis of it still stays in its infant.Some practical problems in this field to be solved urgently,such as detector efficiency mismatch,side-channel effect and source imperfection,are propelling the birth of a more impeccable solution.In this paper,we establish a new framework of the security analysis driven by numerics where all the practical problems may be taken into account naturally.We apply this framework to several variations of the DL04 protocol considering real-world experimental conditions.Also,we propose two optimizing methods to process the numerical part of the framework so as to meet different requirements in practice.With these properties considered,we predict the robust framework would open up a broad avenue of the development in the field.展开更多
This study aims to evaluate the potential value of patient characteristics in predicting overall survival （OS） in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer （mCRPC） treated with docetaxel-based ...This study aims to evaluate the potential value of patient characteristics in predicting overall survival （OS） in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer （mCRPC） treated with docetaxel-based thermotherapy. A total of 115 patients with mCRPC undergoing a docetaxel q3w regimen were enrolled in this study. A survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the prognostic value of all covariates for OS. OS was also analysed after stratifying patients according to the results of multivariate analysis. The median OS for the entire cohort was 17.0 months. The multivariate analysis showed that the prostate-specific antigen doubling time （PSADT）, baseline haemoglobin （Hb） concentration, alkaline phosphatase （ALP） concentration, cycles of chemotherapy and time to castration resistance were independent prognostic factors of OS. According to the presence of PSADT 〈46.3 days and baseline ALP/〉 110 IU 1-1, all patients were divided into three risk groups： low-risk group （no risk factors）, intermediate-risk group （one risk factor） and high-risk group （two risk factors）. Median OSs for patients in low-, intermediate- and high-risk groups were 28.0 months （95% Ch 23.8-32.2）, 21.0 months （95% Ch 18.9-23.1） and 11.0 months （95% Ch 7.6-14.4）, respectively （P〈O.O01）. In conclusion, PSADT, baseline Hb concentration, ALP concentration, cycles of chemotherapy and time to castration resistance were independent prognostic factors of OS in Chinese patients with mCRPC treated with docetaxel. PSADT combined with the baseline ALP concentration could be a useful risk stratification parameter for evaluating survival outcomes.展开更多
Objective:This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the epidemiology of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to COVID-19 in China.Methods:This study was conducted by 45 tertiary Grade-A hospitals in China....Objective:This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the epidemiology of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to COVID-19 in China.Methods:This study was conducted by 45 tertiary Grade-A hospitals in China.Online and offline questionnaire data were obtained from patients infected with COVID-19 between December 28,2022,and February 21,2023.The collected information included basic demographics,medical history,smoking and drinking history,vaccination history,changes in olfactory and gustatory functions before and after infection,and other postinfection symptoms,as well as the duration and improvement status of olfactory and gustatory disorders.Results:Complete questionnaires were obtained from 35,566 subjects.The overall incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunction was 67.75%.Being female or being a cigarette smoker increased the likelihood of developing olfactory and taste dysfunction.Having received four doses of the vaccine or having good oral health or being a alcohol drinker decreased the risk of such dysfunction.Before infection,the average olfactory and taste VAS scores were 8.41 and 8.51,respectively;after infection,they decreased to 3.69 and 4.29 and recovered to 5.83 and 6.55 by the time of the survey.The median duration of dysosmia and dysgeusia was 15 and 12 days,respectively,with 0.5%of patients having symptoms lasting for more than 28 days.The overall self-reported improvement rate was 59.16%.Recovery was higher in males,never smokers,those who received two or three vaccine doses,and those that had never experienced dental health issues,or chronic accompanying symptoms.Conclusions:The incidence of dysosmia and dysgeusia following infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus is high in China.Incidence and prognosis are influenced by several factors,including sex,SARS-CoV-2 vaccination,history of head-facial trauma,nasal and oral health status,smoking and drinking history,and the persistence of accompanying symptoms.展开更多
BACKGROUND Whether patients with diffuse gastric cancer,which is insensitive to chemo-therapy,can benefit from neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy has long been controversial.AIM To investigate whether perioperative ...BACKGROUND Whether patients with diffuse gastric cancer,which is insensitive to chemo-therapy,can benefit from neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy has long been controversial.AIM To investigate whether perioperative chemotherapy can improve survival of patients with locally advanced diffuse gastric cancer.METHODS A total of 2684 patients with locally advanced diffuse gastric cancer from 18 population-based cancer registries in the United States were analyzed.RESULTS Compared with surgery alone,perioperative chemotherapy improved the prognosis of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.Before stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW),the median overall survival(OS)times were 40.0 months and 13.0 months(P<0.001),respectively.After IPTW,the median OS times were 33.0 months and 17.0 months(P<0.001),respectively.Neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not improve the prognosis of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer compared with adjuvant chemotherapy after IPTW.After IPTW,the median OS times were 38.0 months in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and 42.0 months in the adjuvant chemotherapy group(P=0.472).CONCLUSION Patients with diffuse gastric cancer can benefit from perioperative chemotherapy.There was no significant difference in survival between patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and those who received adjuvant chemotherapy.展开更多
Objective To investigate the mechanistic basis for the anti-proliferation and anti-invasion effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand(TRAIL)and celastrol combination treatment(TCCT)in glioblasto...Objective To investigate the mechanistic basis for the anti-proliferation and anti-invasion effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand(TRAIL)and celastrol combination treatment(TCCT)in glioblastoma cells.Methods Cell counting kit-8 was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of celastrol(0-16µmol/L)and TRAIL(0-500 ng/mL)on the cell viability of glioblastoma cells.U87 cells were randomly divided into 4 groups,namely control,TRAIL(TRAIL 100 ng/mL),Cel(celastrol 0.5µmol/L)and TCCT(TRAIL 100 ng/mL+celastrol 0.5µmol/L).Cell proliferation,migration,and invasion were detected by colony formation,wound healing,and Transwell assays,respectively.Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were performed to assess the levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)markers(zona occludens,N-cadherin,vimentin,zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox,Slug,and β-catenin).Wnt pathway was activated by lithium chloride(LiCl,20 mol/L)and the mechanism for action of TCCT was explored.Results Celastrol and TRAIL synergistically inhibited the proliferation,migration,invasion,and EMT of U87 cells(P<0.01).TCCT up-regulated the expression of GSK-3β and down-regulated the expression of β-catenin and its associated proteins(P<0.05 or P<0.01),including c-Myc,Cyclin-D1,and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2.In addition,LiCl,an activator of the Wnt signaling pathway,restored the inhibitory effects of TCCT on the expression of β-catenin and its downstream genes,as well as the migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusions Celastrol and TRAIL can synergistically suppress glioblastoma cell migration,invasion,and EMT,potentially through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.This underlies a novel mechanism of action for TCCT as an effective therapy for glioblastoma.展开更多
Droplet manipulation on an open surface has great potential in chemical analysis and biomedicine engineering.However,most of the reported platforms designed for the manipulation of water droplets cannot thoroughly sol...Droplet manipulation on an open surface has great potential in chemical analysis and biomedicine engineering.However,most of the reported platforms designed for the manipulation of water droplets cannot thoroughly solve the problem of droplet evaporation.Herein,we report a shape-reconfigurable micropillar array chip for the manipulation of water droplets,oil droplets and water-in-oil droplets.Water-in-oil droplets provide an enclosed space for water droplets,preventing the evaporation in an open environment.Perfluoropolyether coated on the surface of the chip effectively reduces the droplet movement resistance.The micropillar array chip has light and magnetic dual-response due to the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the reduced iron powder mixed in the shape-memory polymer.The micropillars irradiated by a near-infrared laser bend under the magnetic force,while the unirradiated micropillars still keep their original shape.In the absence of a magnetic field,when the micropillars in a temporary shape are irradiated by the near-infrared laser to the transition temperature,the micropillars return to their initial shape.In this process,the surface morphology gradient caused by the deformation of the micropillars and the surface tension gradient caused by the temperature change jointly produce the driving force of droplet movement.展开更多
Copper(Cu)-bearing stainless steel has testified its effectiveness to reduce the risk of bacterial infections.However,its antibacterial mechanism is still controversial.Therefore,three 430 ferritic stainless steels wi...Copper(Cu)-bearing stainless steel has testified its effectiveness to reduce the risk of bacterial infections.However,its antibacterial mechanism is still controversial.Therefore,three 430 ferritic stainless steels with different Cu contents are selected to conduct deeper research by the way of bacterial inactivation from two aspects of material and biology.Hereinto,electrochemical and antibacterial results show that the increase in Cu content simultaneously improves the corrosion resistance and antibacterial property of 430 stainless steel.In addition,it is found that Escherichia coli(E.coli)on the surface 430 Cu-bearing stainless steel by the dry method of inoculation possesses a rapid inactivation ability.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)aids with ion chelation experiments prove that Cu(Ⅰ)plays a more crucial role in the contact-killing efficiency than Cu(Ⅱ),resulting from more production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).展开更多
The impact wear behavior and damage mechanism of dissimilar welded joints between U26Mn frog and U75 V rail before and after normalizing treatment were studied by cyclic impact tests.The experiment indicated that the ...The impact wear behavior and damage mechanism of dissimilar welded joints between U26Mn frog and U75 V rail before and after normalizing treatment were studied by cyclic impact tests.The experiment indicated that the impact wear volume of the joints increased with the increasing number of impact cycles.The main wear mechanisms include pitting wear,mild fatigue wear,delamination wear,and fatigue wear,and plastic deformation was the primary impact wear mechanism.Among them,fatigue wear had the greatest influence on wear volume,while other wear mechanisms had limited effect.The impact wear resistance of the base material was better than that of the heat-affected zone.Normalizing treatment was beneficial to improving the impact wear resistance of welded joints owing to its effect to promote pearlite recovery,grain refinement,and uniform distribution of grains.The martensite generated in the rail welded joints aggravated the impact wear damage to the materials,which should be avoided.展开更多
Open clusters are the basic building blocks that serve as a laboratory for the study of young stellar populations in the Milky Way.Variable stars in open clusters provide a unique way to accurately probe the internal ...Open clusters are the basic building blocks that serve as a laboratory for the study of young stellar populations in the Milky Way.Variable stars in open clusters provide a unique way to accurately probe the internal structure,temporal and dynamical evolutionary stages of individual stars and the host cluster.The most powerful tool for such studies is time-domain photometric observations.This paper follows the route of our previous work,concentrating on a photometric search for variable stars in NGC 884.The target cluster is the companion of NGC869,forming the well-known double cluster system that is gravitationally bound.From the observation run in 2016 November,a total of 9247 B-band CCD images and 8218Ⅴ-band CCD images were obtained.We detected a total of 15 stars with variability in visual brightness,including five Be stars,three eclipsing binaries,and seven of unknown types.Two new variable stars were discovered in this work.We also compared the variable star content of NGC 884 with its companion NGC 869.展开更多
The aquatic vegetation can significantly affect the flow structure,the sediment transport,the bed scour and the water quality in rivers,lakes,reservoirs and open channels.In this study,the lattice Boltzmann method(LBM...The aquatic vegetation can significantly affect the flow structure,the sediment transport,the bed scour and the water quality in rivers,lakes,reservoirs and open channels.In this study,the lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)is applied in the two-dimensional numerical simulation of the flow structure in a flume with rigid vegetation.A multi-relaxation time model is applied to improve the stability of the numerical scheme for flows with a high Reynolds number.The vegetation induced drag force is added in the lattice Boltzmann equation model in order to improve the simulation accuracy and an algorithm of the multi-relaxation time is developed.Numerical simulations are performed for a wide range of flow and vegetation conditions and are validated by comparing with the laboratory experiments.Analysis of the simulated and experimentally measured flow Helds shows that the numerical simulation can satisfactorily reproduce the laboratory experiments,indicating that the proposed lattice Boltzmann model enjoys a high accuracy for simulating the flow-vegetation interaction in open channels.展开更多
We investigated the potential value of prostate-specific antigen half-life （PSAHL） and decreasing velocity （PSAVd） to predict progression-free survival （PFS） and overall survival （OS） in Chinese patients with ...We investigated the potential value of prostate-specific antigen half-life （PSAHL） and decreasing velocity （PSAVd） to predict progression-free survival （PFS） and overall survival （OS） in Chinese patients with prostate cancer. A total of 153 patients treated with hormonal therapy were included in the study. Of these, 78 patients progressed to hormone- refractory prostate cancer （HRPC） and 24 patients died by the end of follow-up. PSAHL was defined as the time during which prostate-specific antigen （PSA） concentration became half of the initial value during the first hormonal therapy. PSAVd reflected the decreasing velocity of PSA during the first hormonal therapy. PFS was defined as the interval from the beginning of hormonal therapy to HRPC. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to evaluate whether PSAHL and PSAVd were significantly associated with PFS and OS. The median PSAHL and PSAVd were 0.50 months and 33.8 ng mL^-1 per month. The median PFS and OS were 22.7 months （95% confidence interval [CI], 22.0-29.6 months） and 43.5 months （95% CI, 37.9-48.4 months）, respectively. On univariate and multivariate analysis, long PSAHL （〉 0.5 months）, metastatic disease, high biopsy Gleason scores （〉 8） and high nadir PSA （〉 0.4 ng mL^-1） were all found to be significantly associated with short PFS. Long PSAHL, high nadir PSA and short PSA doubling time （PSADT 〈 2.0 months） were significantly associated with short OS. There were no significant relationships between PSAVd and either PFS or OS. Thus, PSAHL is a promising new independent predictor of survival. Patients with long PSAHL were identified as those at high risk for a relatively short PFS and OS.展开更多
The Stern-Geary constant(B value)is indispensable to measure the corrosion rate in the microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC)systems.Linear polarization resistance(LPR)and weight loss methods were used to study t...The Stern-Geary constant(B value)is indispensable to measure the corrosion rate in the microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC)systems.Linear polarization resistance(LPR)and weight loss methods were used to study the variation of B values for X80 pipeline steel in the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acetobacter aceti and Desulfovibrio vulgaris.The results showed that B values in the presence of three different bacteria were 35.60±0.55 mV,33.00±1.00 mV and 58.60±0.55 mV,respectively,suggesting that the change of corrosion system significantly affected the B values of X80 pipeline steel.This work further indicated that the determination of B values is necessary to accurately measure the MIC rate by LPR method.展开更多
Gene expression in chloroplasts is regulated by many nuclear-encoded proteins. In this study, we isolated a rice （Oryza sativa subsp, japonica） mutant osotp51 with significant reduction in photosystem I （PSI）. The...Gene expression in chloroplasts is regulated by many nuclear-encoded proteins. In this study, we isolated a rice （Oryza sativa subsp, japonica） mutant osotp51 with significant reduction in photosystem I （PSI）. The osotp51 is extremely sensitive to light and accumulates a higher level of reactive oxygen species. Its leaves are almost albino when grown at 40 ~mol photons/m2 per s. However, grown at 4 umol photons/m2 per s, osotp51 has a similar phenotype to the wild-type. 77K chlorophyll fluorescence analysis showed a blue shift in the highest peak emission from PSI in osotp51. In addition, the level of PSI and PSII dimer is dramatically reduced in osotp51. OSOTP 51 encodes a pentatricopeptide repeats protein, homologous to organelle transcript processing 51 in Arabidopsis. Loss-of-function OSOTP51 affects intron splicing of a number of plastid genes, particularly the ycf3 coding a protein involved in the assembly of PSI complex. OSOTP51 is functionally conserved in higher plants. The mutation of osotp51 indirectly leads to a widespread change in the structure and functions of PSI, results in severe photoinhibition, and finally dies, even when grown under very low light intensity.展开更多
Because of the complexities of tire-road interaction,the wheels of a multi-wheel distributed electricdrive vehicle can easily slip under certain working conditions.As wheel slip affects the dynamic per-formance and st...Because of the complexities of tire-road interaction,the wheels of a multi-wheel distributed electricdrive vehicle can easily slip under certain working conditions.As wheel slip affects the dynamic per-formance and stability of the vehicle,it is crucial to control it and coordinate the driving force.With this aim,this paper presents a driving force coordination control strategy with road identification for eight-wheeled electric vehicles equipped with an in-wheel motor for each wheel.In the proposed control strategy,the road identification module estimates tire-road forces using an unscented Kalman filter al-gorithm and recognizes the road adhesion coefficient by employing the recursive least-square method According to road identification,the optimal sip ratio under the current driving condition is obtainedand a controller based on sliding mode control with a conditional integrator uses this value for accel-eration slip regulation.The anti-slip controller obtains the adjusting torque,which is integrated with the driver-command-based feedforward control torque to implement driving force coordination control.The results of hardware-in-loop simulation show that this control strategy can accurately estimate tire-roadrces as well as the friction coefficient,and thus,can effectively fulfill the purpose of driving force coordinated control under different driving conditions.展开更多
The aim of this review was to systematically compare the outcomes of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)with standard care(SC)after radical cystectomy.We performed a systematic search of PubMed,Ovid?Web of Science,a...The aim of this review was to systematically compare the outcomes of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)with standard care(SC)after radical cystectomy.We performed a systematic search of PubMed,Ovid?Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library to identify studies published until September 2017 which involved a comparison of ERAS and SC.A meta-analysis was performed to assess the outcomes of ERAS versus SC.Sixteen studies including 8 prospective and 8 retrospective trials met the eligibility criteria.A total of 2100 participants were assigned to ERAS(1258 cases)or SC(842 cases).The time to first flatus passage[WMD=-0.95 days,95%Cl(-1.50,-0.41),P=0.0006],time until return to a regular diet[WMD=-2.15 days,95%Cl(-2.86,—1.45),P<0.00001]and the length of hospital stay[WMD=-3.75 days,95%Cl(-5.13,-2.36),P<0.00001]were significantly shorter,and the incidence of postoperative complications[OR=0.60,95%Cl(0.44,0.83),P=0.002],especially postoperative paralytic ileus[OR=0.43,95%Cl(0.30,0.62),P<0.00001]and cardiovascular complications[OR=0.28,95%Cl(0.09,0.90),P=0.03]was significantly lower in the ERAS group than those in the SC group.This meta-analysis demonstrated that ERAS was associated with a shorter time to first flatus passage,return of bowel fimction,and the length of hospital stay than SC in patients undergoing radical cystectomy,as well as a lower rate of postoperative complications,especially paralytic ileus and cardiovascular complications.展开更多
文摘Background： Despite its high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, sepsis-associated encephalopathy （SAE） is still poorly understood. The aim of this prospective and observational study was to investigate the clinical significance of calcium-binding protein A8 （S 100AS） in serum and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 （TRAF6） in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） in diagnosing SAE and predicting its prognosis. Methods： Data of septic patients were collected within 24 h after Intensive Care Unit admission fi-om July 2014 to March 2015. Healthy medical personnel served as the control group. SAE was defined as cerebral dysfhnction in the presence of sepsis that fulfilled the exclusion criteria. The biochemical indicators, Glasgow Coma Scale, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score II, TRAF6 in PBMC, serum S 100A8, S 10013, and neuron-specific enolase were evaluated in SAE patients afresh. TRAF6 and S 100A8 were also measured in the control group. Results： Of the 57 enrolled patients, 29 were diagnosed with SAE. The S 100A8 and TRAF6 concentrations in SAE patients were both significantly higher than that in no-encephalopathy （NE） patients, and higher in NE than that in controls （3.74 ± 3.13 vs. 1.08 ± 0.75 vs. 0.37 ± 0.14 ng/ml, P 〈 0.01 ; 3.18 ± 1.55 vs. 1.02 ± 0.63 vs. 0.47 ± 0.10, P 〈 0.01）. S 100A8 levels of 1.93 ng/ml were diagnostic of SAE with 92.90% specificity and 69.00% sensitivity in the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve, and the area under the curve was 0.86 （95% confidence interval [CI]： 0.76-0.95）. TRAF6-relative levels of 1.44 were diagnostic of SAE with 85.70% specificity and 86.20% sensitivity, and the area under the curve was 0.94 （95% CI： 0.88-0.99）. In addition, S 100A8 levels of 2.41 ng/ml predicted 28-day mortality of SAE with 90.00% specificity and 73.70% sensitivity in the ROC curve, and the area under the curve was 0.88. TRAF6 relative levels of 2.94 predicted 28-day mortality of SAE with 8
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project,No.2014ZX10002002 and No.2017ZX10202202the National Key Research Plan "Precision Medicine Research" Key Project,No.2017YFC0908103+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81700534Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team,No.2017TD-08
文摘AIM To investigate the relationship between levels of iron metabolism markers and hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related chronic liver diseases.METHODS This case-control study with 318 participants included 78 cases of chronic hepatitis B, 85 cases of HBV-related liver cirrhosis, 77 cases of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma, and 78 healthy controls. Markers of iron metabolism were detected in participants. Hematological and biochemical parameters and HBV-DNA were assessed. Child-Pugh grade and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage were determined for each hepatocellular carcinoma patient. Perls' staining was performed on liver sections. The SPSS program was used for all statistical analyses, and statistical significance was considered if a P-value < 0.05.RESULTS Significantly higher serum ferritin and lower serum hepcidin levels were detected in all groups of HBV-infected patients compared with healthy controls. Serum iron, total iron binding capacity, and serum transferrin levels were significantly lower in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, whereas the hepcidin level was higher than that in chronic hepatitis B patients. Correlation analysis indicated that serum hepcidin was negatively correlated with HBV-DNA load(P < 0.01). Serum ferritin and transferrin saturation levels increased proportionally to the extent of liver cirrhosis and poorer Child-Pugh scores(P < 0.05). The decreased serum iron and transferrin saturation levels were significantly correlated with a smaller hepatocellular carcinoma tumor burden according to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging. Liver histology showed a clearly increasing trend in iron deposition in the liver tissues with increased fibrosis, which became prominent at stages 3(severe liver fibrosis) and 4(cirrhosis). CONCLUSION Iron metabolism disorders occur in patients with HBVrelated liver diseases. The serum markers of iron metabolism disorders vary in different stages of HBV-related liver diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30873470)the National Special Research Fund for Non-Profit Sector (Agriculture) (201203030)the grant from Qingdao Agricultural University, China (631214)
文摘The changes in humic substances （HS） is fundamental in detecting soil carbon sequestration mechanisms in natural and cultivated environments. Based on a long-term trial, the amounts of water dissolved substances （WSS）, humic acid （HA）, fulvic acid （FA） and humin （HU） were determined to explore the impact of long-term fertilization on HS. Increases in the amounts of WSS, HA, FA and HU were significant different among the treatments with manure. A significant correlation was found between the increased soil organic carbon （SOC） and HS （R^2=0.98, P〈0.01）. The change in the E4/E6 ratio was significantly correlated with the increased SOC （R2=0.88, P〈0.01）, HA （R^2=0.91, P〈0.01）, FA （R^2=0.91, P〈0.01） and HU （R^2=0.88, P〈0.01）. The cluster was mainly divided into two parts as manure fertilization and inorganic fertilization, based on the increases in HA, FA and HU. These results suggest that long term fertilization with manure favours carbon sequestration in HS and is mainly stabilized as HU, while the HA becomes more aliphatic. We conclude that increases in SOC can be linked to changes in the molecular characteristics of HS fractions under long term fertilization.
文摘Several prediction models have been developed to estimate the outcomes of prostate biopsies. Most of these tools were designed for use with Western populations and have not been validated across different ethnic groups. Therefore, we evaluated the predictive value of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial （PCPT） and the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer （ERSPC） risk calculators in a Chinese cohort. Clinicopathological information was obtained from 495 Chinese men who had undergone extended prostate biopsies between January 2009 and March 2011. The estimated probabilities of prostate cancer and high-grade disease （Gleason 〉6） were calculated using the PCPT and ERSPC risk calculators. Overall measures, discrimination, calibration and clinical usefulness were assessed for the model evaluation. Of these patients, 28.7% were diagnosed with prostate cancer and 19.4% had high-grade disease. Compared to the PCPT model and the prostate-specific antigen （PSA） threshold of 4 ng m1-1, the ERSPC risk calculator exhibited better discriminative ability for predicting positive biopsies and high-grade disease （the area under the curve was 0.831 and 0.852, respectively, P〈O.01 for both）. Decision curve analysis also suggested the favourable clinical utility of the ERSPC calculator in the validation dataset. Both prediction models demonstrated miscalibration： the risk of prostate cancer and high-grade disease was overestimated by approximately 20% for a wide range of predicted probabilities. In conclusion, the ERSPC risk calculator outperformed both the PCPT model and the PSA threshold of 4 ng ml- z in predicting prostate cancer and high-grade disease in Chinese patients. However, the prediction tools derived from Western men significantly overestimated the probability of prostate cancer and high-grade disease compared to the outcomes of biopsies in a Chinese cohort.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6193501861874113)Strategic Priority Research Program,Chinese Academy of Sciences(0483000000)Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDJ-SSW-JSC002).
文摘Chaotic semiconductor lasers have been widely investigated for generating unpredictable random numbers,especially for lasers with external optical feedback.Nevertheless,chaotic lasers under external feedback are hindered by external feedback loop time,which causes correlation peaks for chaotic output.Here,we demonstrate the first self-chaotic microlaser based on internal mode interaction for a dual-mode microcavity laser,and realize random number generation using the self-chaotic laser output.By adjusting mode frequency interval close to the intrinsic relaxation oscillation frequency,nonlinear dynamics including self-chaos and period-oscillations are predicted and realized numerically and experimentally due to internal mode interaction.The internal mode interaction and corresponding carrier spatial oscillations pave the way of mode engineering for nonlinear dynamics in a solitary laser.Our findings provide a novel and easy method to create controllable and robust optical chaos for high-speed random number generation.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2017YFA0303700the Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong province under Grant No.2018B030325002+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11974205Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Chip(ICFC).
文摘Quantum secure direct communication provides a direct means of conveying secret information via quantum states among legitimate users.The past two decades have witnessed its great strides both theoretically and experimentally.However,the security analysis of it still stays in its infant.Some practical problems in this field to be solved urgently,such as detector efficiency mismatch,side-channel effect and source imperfection,are propelling the birth of a more impeccable solution.In this paper,we establish a new framework of the security analysis driven by numerics where all the practical problems may be taken into account naturally.We apply this framework to several variations of the DL04 protocol considering real-world experimental conditions.Also,we propose two optimizing methods to process the numerical part of the framework so as to meet different requirements in practice.With these properties considered,we predict the robust framework would open up a broad avenue of the development in the field.
文摘This study aims to evaluate the potential value of patient characteristics in predicting overall survival （OS） in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer （mCRPC） treated with docetaxel-based thermotherapy. A total of 115 patients with mCRPC undergoing a docetaxel q3w regimen were enrolled in this study. A survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the prognostic value of all covariates for OS. OS was also analysed after stratifying patients according to the results of multivariate analysis. The median OS for the entire cohort was 17.0 months. The multivariate analysis showed that the prostate-specific antigen doubling time （PSADT）, baseline haemoglobin （Hb） concentration, alkaline phosphatase （ALP） concentration, cycles of chemotherapy and time to castration resistance were independent prognostic factors of OS. According to the presence of PSADT 〈46.3 days and baseline ALP/〉 110 IU 1-1, all patients were divided into three risk groups： low-risk group （no risk factors）, intermediate-risk group （one risk factor） and high-risk group （two risk factors）. Median OSs for patients in low-, intermediate- and high-risk groups were 28.0 months （95% Ch 23.8-32.2）, 21.0 months （95% Ch 18.9-23.1） and 11.0 months （95% Ch 7.6-14.4）, respectively （P〈O.O01）. In conclusion, PSADT, baseline Hb concentration, ALP concentration, cycles of chemotherapy and time to castration resistance were independent prognostic factors of OS in Chinese patients with mCRPC treated with docetaxel. PSADT combined with the baseline ALP concentration could be a useful risk stratification parameter for evaluating survival outcomes.
基金National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding,Grant/Award Number:2022-NHLHCRF-YGJE-02Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality,Grant/Award Number:7212090。
文摘Objective:This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the epidemiology of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to COVID-19 in China.Methods:This study was conducted by 45 tertiary Grade-A hospitals in China.Online and offline questionnaire data were obtained from patients infected with COVID-19 between December 28,2022,and February 21,2023.The collected information included basic demographics,medical history,smoking and drinking history,vaccination history,changes in olfactory and gustatory functions before and after infection,and other postinfection symptoms,as well as the duration and improvement status of olfactory and gustatory disorders.Results:Complete questionnaires were obtained from 35,566 subjects.The overall incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunction was 67.75%.Being female or being a cigarette smoker increased the likelihood of developing olfactory and taste dysfunction.Having received four doses of the vaccine or having good oral health or being a alcohol drinker decreased the risk of such dysfunction.Before infection,the average olfactory and taste VAS scores were 8.41 and 8.51,respectively;after infection,they decreased to 3.69 and 4.29 and recovered to 5.83 and 6.55 by the time of the survey.The median duration of dysosmia and dysgeusia was 15 and 12 days,respectively,with 0.5%of patients having symptoms lasting for more than 28 days.The overall self-reported improvement rate was 59.16%.Recovery was higher in males,never smokers,those who received two or three vaccine doses,and those that had never experienced dental health issues,or chronic accompanying symptoms.Conclusions:The incidence of dysosmia and dysgeusia following infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus is high in China.Incidence and prognosis are influenced by several factors,including sex,SARS-CoV-2 vaccination,history of head-facial trauma,nasal and oral health status,smoking and drinking history,and the persistence of accompanying symptoms.
基金the Beijing Hope Run Special Fund of Cancer Foundation of China,No.LC2022L03CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS),No.2021-I2M-C&T-A-014.
文摘BACKGROUND Whether patients with diffuse gastric cancer,which is insensitive to chemo-therapy,can benefit from neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy has long been controversial.AIM To investigate whether perioperative chemotherapy can improve survival of patients with locally advanced diffuse gastric cancer.METHODS A total of 2684 patients with locally advanced diffuse gastric cancer from 18 population-based cancer registries in the United States were analyzed.RESULTS Compared with surgery alone,perioperative chemotherapy improved the prognosis of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.Before stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW),the median overall survival(OS)times were 40.0 months and 13.0 months(P<0.001),respectively.After IPTW,the median OS times were 33.0 months and 17.0 months(P<0.001),respectively.Neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not improve the prognosis of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer compared with adjuvant chemotherapy after IPTW.After IPTW,the median OS times were 38.0 months in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and 42.0 months in the adjuvant chemotherapy group(P=0.472).CONCLUSION Patients with diffuse gastric cancer can benefit from perioperative chemotherapy.There was no significant difference in survival between patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and those who received adjuvant chemotherapy.
基金Supported by Scientific and Technological Research Programme of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission,China(No.KJ130320)。
文摘Objective To investigate the mechanistic basis for the anti-proliferation and anti-invasion effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand(TRAIL)and celastrol combination treatment(TCCT)in glioblastoma cells.Methods Cell counting kit-8 was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of celastrol(0-16µmol/L)and TRAIL(0-500 ng/mL)on the cell viability of glioblastoma cells.U87 cells were randomly divided into 4 groups,namely control,TRAIL(TRAIL 100 ng/mL),Cel(celastrol 0.5µmol/L)and TCCT(TRAIL 100 ng/mL+celastrol 0.5µmol/L).Cell proliferation,migration,and invasion were detected by colony formation,wound healing,and Transwell assays,respectively.Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were performed to assess the levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)markers(zona occludens,N-cadherin,vimentin,zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox,Slug,and β-catenin).Wnt pathway was activated by lithium chloride(LiCl,20 mol/L)and the mechanism for action of TCCT was explored.Results Celastrol and TRAIL synergistically inhibited the proliferation,migration,invasion,and EMT of U87 cells(P<0.01).TCCT up-regulated the expression of GSK-3β and down-regulated the expression of β-catenin and its associated proteins(P<0.05 or P<0.01),including c-Myc,Cyclin-D1,and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2.In addition,LiCl,an activator of the Wnt signaling pathway,restored the inhibitory effects of TCCT on the expression of β-catenin and its downstream genes,as well as the migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusions Celastrol and TRAIL can synergistically suppress glioblastoma cell migration,invasion,and EMT,potentially through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.This underlies a novel mechanism of action for TCCT as an effective therapy for glioblastoma.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21874015)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.N2005024).
文摘Droplet manipulation on an open surface has great potential in chemical analysis and biomedicine engineering.However,most of the reported platforms designed for the manipulation of water droplets cannot thoroughly solve the problem of droplet evaporation.Herein,we report a shape-reconfigurable micropillar array chip for the manipulation of water droplets,oil droplets and water-in-oil droplets.Water-in-oil droplets provide an enclosed space for water droplets,preventing the evaporation in an open environment.Perfluoropolyether coated on the surface of the chip effectively reduces the droplet movement resistance.The micropillar array chip has light and magnetic dual-response due to the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the reduced iron powder mixed in the shape-memory polymer.The micropillars irradiated by a near-infrared laser bend under the magnetic force,while the unirradiated micropillars still keep their original shape.In the absence of a magnetic field,when the micropillars in a temporary shape are irradiated by the near-infrared laser to the transition temperature,the micropillars return to their initial shape.In this process,the surface morphology gradient caused by the deformation of the micropillars and the surface tension gradient caused by the temperature change jointly produce the driving force of droplet movement.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0300205)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2018221).
文摘Copper(Cu)-bearing stainless steel has testified its effectiveness to reduce the risk of bacterial infections.However,its antibacterial mechanism is still controversial.Therefore,three 430 ferritic stainless steels with different Cu contents are selected to conduct deeper research by the way of bacterial inactivation from two aspects of material and biology.Hereinto,electrochemical and antibacterial results show that the increase in Cu content simultaneously improves the corrosion resistance and antibacterial property of 430 stainless steel.In addition,it is found that Escherichia coli(E.coli)on the surface 430 Cu-bearing stainless steel by the dry method of inoculation possesses a rapid inactivation ability.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)aids with ion chelation experiments prove that Cu(Ⅰ)plays a more crucial role in the contact-killing efficiency than Cu(Ⅱ),resulting from more production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).
基金The work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2017YFB0304500).
文摘The impact wear behavior and damage mechanism of dissimilar welded joints between U26Mn frog and U75 V rail before and after normalizing treatment were studied by cyclic impact tests.The experiment indicated that the impact wear volume of the joints increased with the increasing number of impact cycles.The main wear mechanisms include pitting wear,mild fatigue wear,delamination wear,and fatigue wear,and plastic deformation was the primary impact wear mechanism.Among them,fatigue wear had the greatest influence on wear volume,while other wear mechanisms had limited effect.The impact wear resistance of the base material was better than that of the heat-affected zone.Normalizing treatment was beneficial to improving the impact wear resistance of welded joints owing to its effect to promote pearlite recovery,grain refinement,and uniform distribution of grains.The martensite generated in the rail welded joints aggravated the impact wear damage to the materials,which should be avoided.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)through grants 12003022,12373035,12233009 and 12173047support from the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the CAS(grant No.2022055)。
文摘Open clusters are the basic building blocks that serve as a laboratory for the study of young stellar populations in the Milky Way.Variable stars in open clusters provide a unique way to accurately probe the internal structure,temporal and dynamical evolutionary stages of individual stars and the host cluster.The most powerful tool for such studies is time-domain photometric observations.This paper follows the route of our previous work,concentrating on a photometric search for variable stars in NGC 884.The target cluster is the companion of NGC869,forming the well-known double cluster system that is gravitationally bound.From the observation run in 2016 November,a total of 9247 B-band CCD images and 8218Ⅴ-band CCD images were obtained.We detected a total of 15 stars with variability in visual brightness,including five Be stars,three eclipsing binaries,and seven of unknown types.Two new variable stars were discovered in this work.We also compared the variable star content of NGC 884 with its companion NGC 869.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11861003,11761005).
文摘The aquatic vegetation can significantly affect the flow structure,the sediment transport,the bed scour and the water quality in rivers,lakes,reservoirs and open channels.In this study,the lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)is applied in the two-dimensional numerical simulation of the flow structure in a flume with rigid vegetation.A multi-relaxation time model is applied to improve the stability of the numerical scheme for flows with a high Reynolds number.The vegetation induced drag force is added in the lattice Boltzmann equation model in order to improve the simulation accuracy and an algorithm of the multi-relaxation time is developed.Numerical simulations are performed for a wide range of flow and vegetation conditions and are validated by comparing with the laboratory experiments.Analysis of the simulated and experimentally measured flow Helds shows that the numerical simulation can satisfactorily reproduce the laboratory experiments,indicating that the proposed lattice Boltzmann model enjoys a high accuracy for simulating the flow-vegetation interaction in open channels.
文摘We investigated the potential value of prostate-specific antigen half-life （PSAHL） and decreasing velocity （PSAVd） to predict progression-free survival （PFS） and overall survival （OS） in Chinese patients with prostate cancer. A total of 153 patients treated with hormonal therapy were included in the study. Of these, 78 patients progressed to hormone- refractory prostate cancer （HRPC） and 24 patients died by the end of follow-up. PSAHL was defined as the time during which prostate-specific antigen （PSA） concentration became half of the initial value during the first hormonal therapy. PSAVd reflected the decreasing velocity of PSA during the first hormonal therapy. PFS was defined as the interval from the beginning of hormonal therapy to HRPC. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to evaluate whether PSAHL and PSAVd were significantly associated with PFS and OS. The median PSAHL and PSAVd were 0.50 months and 33.8 ng mL^-1 per month. The median PFS and OS were 22.7 months （95% confidence interval [CI], 22.0-29.6 months） and 43.5 months （95% CI, 37.9-48.4 months）, respectively. On univariate and multivariate analysis, long PSAHL （〉 0.5 months）, metastatic disease, high biopsy Gleason scores （〉 8） and high nadir PSA （〉 0.4 ng mL^-1） were all found to be significantly associated with short PFS. Long PSAHL, high nadir PSA and short PSA doubling time （PSADT 〈 2.0 months） were significantly associated with short OS. There were no significant relationships between PSAVd and either PFS or OS. Thus, PSAHL is a promising new independent predictor of survival. Patients with long PSAHL were identified as those at high risk for a relatively short PFS and OS.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.U1660118 and 51871050)the National Environmental Corrosion Platform (NECP) of China and Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Funding (JCYJ20160608153641020)
文摘The Stern-Geary constant(B value)is indispensable to measure the corrosion rate in the microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC)systems.Linear polarization resistance(LPR)and weight loss methods were used to study the variation of B values for X80 pipeline steel in the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acetobacter aceti and Desulfovibrio vulgaris.The results showed that B values in the presence of three different bacteria were 35.60±0.55 mV,33.00±1.00 mV and 58.60±0.55 mV,respectively,suggesting that the change of corrosion system significantly affected the B values of X80 pipeline steel.This work further indicated that the determination of B values is necessary to accurately measure the MIC rate by LPR method.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2009CB118504)the National Special Grant for Transgenic Crop (2009ZX08009-128B)
文摘Gene expression in chloroplasts is regulated by many nuclear-encoded proteins. In this study, we isolated a rice （Oryza sativa subsp, japonica） mutant osotp51 with significant reduction in photosystem I （PSI）. The osotp51 is extremely sensitive to light and accumulates a higher level of reactive oxygen species. Its leaves are almost albino when grown at 40 ~mol photons/m2 per s. However, grown at 4 umol photons/m2 per s, osotp51 has a similar phenotype to the wild-type. 77K chlorophyll fluorescence analysis showed a blue shift in the highest peak emission from PSI in osotp51. In addition, the level of PSI and PSII dimer is dramatically reduced in osotp51. OSOTP 51 encodes a pentatricopeptide repeats protein, homologous to organelle transcript processing 51 in Arabidopsis. Loss-of-function OSOTP51 affects intron splicing of a number of plastid genes, particularly the ycf3 coding a protein involved in the assembly of PSI complex. OSOTP51 is functionally conserved in higher plants. The mutation of osotp51 indirectly leads to a widespread change in the structure and functions of PSI, results in severe photoinhibition, and finally dies, even when grown under very low light intensity.
基金This work was supported by the Weapons and Equipment Pre-Research Project of China(No.301051102).
文摘Because of the complexities of tire-road interaction,the wheels of a multi-wheel distributed electricdrive vehicle can easily slip under certain working conditions.As wheel slip affects the dynamic per-formance and stability of the vehicle,it is crucial to control it and coordinate the driving force.With this aim,this paper presents a driving force coordination control strategy with road identification for eight-wheeled electric vehicles equipped with an in-wheel motor for each wheel.In the proposed control strategy,the road identification module estimates tire-road forces using an unscented Kalman filter al-gorithm and recognizes the road adhesion coefficient by employing the recursive least-square method According to road identification,the optimal sip ratio under the current driving condition is obtainedand a controller based on sliding mode control with a conditional integrator uses this value for accel-eration slip regulation.The anti-slip controller obtains the adjusting torque,which is integrated with the driver-command-based feedforward control torque to implement driving force coordination control.The results of hardware-in-loop simulation show that this control strategy can accurately estimate tire-roadrces as well as the friction coefficient,and thus,can effectively fulfill the purpose of driving force coordinated control under different driving conditions.
基金grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(No 2016CFB619)Clinical Research Physician Program of Tongji Medical College,HUST(No.5001540017).
文摘The aim of this review was to systematically compare the outcomes of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)with standard care(SC)after radical cystectomy.We performed a systematic search of PubMed,Ovid?Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library to identify studies published until September 2017 which involved a comparison of ERAS and SC.A meta-analysis was performed to assess the outcomes of ERAS versus SC.Sixteen studies including 8 prospective and 8 retrospective trials met the eligibility criteria.A total of 2100 participants were assigned to ERAS(1258 cases)or SC(842 cases).The time to first flatus passage[WMD=-0.95 days,95%Cl(-1.50,-0.41),P=0.0006],time until return to a regular diet[WMD=-2.15 days,95%Cl(-2.86,—1.45),P<0.00001]and the length of hospital stay[WMD=-3.75 days,95%Cl(-5.13,-2.36),P<0.00001]were significantly shorter,and the incidence of postoperative complications[OR=0.60,95%Cl(0.44,0.83),P=0.002],especially postoperative paralytic ileus[OR=0.43,95%Cl(0.30,0.62),P<0.00001]and cardiovascular complications[OR=0.28,95%Cl(0.09,0.90),P=0.03]was significantly lower in the ERAS group than those in the SC group.This meta-analysis demonstrated that ERAS was associated with a shorter time to first flatus passage,return of bowel fimction,and the length of hospital stay than SC in patients undergoing radical cystectomy,as well as a lower rate of postoperative complications,especially paralytic ileus and cardiovascular complications.
