Urinary tract infections remain the most common bacterial infection in human population. They are also one of the most frequently occurring nosocomial infections, representing about 40% of all nosocomial bacterial inf...Urinary tract infections remain the most common bacterial infection in human population. They are also one of the most frequently occurring nosocomial infections, representing about 40% of all nosocomial bacterial infections world widely and associated with important medical and financial implications. This retrospective study aimed to establish the bacterial profile of UTIs in Benin. Therefore, reported data were collected from 2003 to 2012 at Menontin’s Hospital in Cotonou and subjected to analyses. At the end of the study, fourteen different bacteria species were found to be associated with UTI cases in Benin. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent followed by Staphylococcus aureus. Results of the current study are helpful to the health care community of Benin in establishing the appropriate antibiotherapy for UTI patients’ treatment with respect organisms into circulation.展开更多
Background: In lacustrine communities, whether in Benin or elsewhere, populations use impregnated mosquito nets (IMNs) as fishing nets. This depletes the lake of its fishery resources, which in turn are contaminated b...Background: In lacustrine communities, whether in Benin or elsewhere, populations use impregnated mosquito nets (IMNs) as fishing nets. This depletes the lake of its fishery resources, which in turn are contaminated by the pyrethroids impregnated in the nets. This study aims to determine the scale and factors associated with the use of pyrethroid-impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools in the municipality of Sô-Ava in Benin. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study with two components. First, a quantitative component was made up of 280 volunteers who were interviewed in the seven districts of the city. Data collection was done in two phases: the first from September to October 2020, and the second in August 2022. Data were analyzed with Stata and logistic regression was used. Another qualitative component was made up of forty participants chosen by reasoned choice, of which 32 were split into four focus groups of eight members each, and the rest participated in semi-structured interviews. Triangulation of the different sources was used to analyze the data. Results: Around 67% of the population reported using impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools and 33% exclusively for malaria. Seasonal fishermen (ORa = 2.03, CI = 1.35 - 4.97, P = 0.004) and years of professional experience (ORa = 1.53, CI = 1.00 - 2.05, P = 0.021) increase the risk of using these nets as fishing tools. The use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets against mosquitoes causes skin scratching and impairs breathing because of the impregnation products, as reported by respondents. Conclusion: A high prevalence of inappropriate use of impregnated mosquito nets in fishing practices is highlighted in this study. Interviews in the field revealed that nets are diverted for fishing purposes to increase the volume of catches. Consequently, it will be appropriate to assess the pyrethroid content in water and fishery products.展开更多
Plants have always been used by people for therapeutic purposes. They are still the main source of therapeutic substances in developing countries. Crateva adansonii, a member of the Capparidaceae family, is a medicina...Plants have always been used by people for therapeutic purposes. They are still the main source of therapeutic substances in developing countries. Crateva adansonii, a member of the Capparidaceae family, is a medicinal plant with antibacterial properties used in Benin. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of an aqueous extract of C. adansonii on bacterial strains isolated from chronic wounds in the Ouinhi population. To achieve this, the bacterial flora present in chronic wounds was identified using the Ikram method (2014) coupled with the API Remoel One method. The antibacterial properties of the aqueous extract of C. adansonii on the microbial strains isolated were then assessed by determining the Inhibition Diameters (ID), the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and finally the Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBC). A total of eighty (80) strains were isolated and identified on the basis of morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. The species S. Aureus species accounted for the largest proportion (67.5%). Other species such as Listeria sp, Pseudomonas proteus, S. epidermidis and Bacillus cereus, Citrobacter freundii, Steno maltophila;Axin calcoaceticus, E. coli, K. pneumonia, Lem. richardii, Salmonella paratyphi A, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp were determined in variable proportions. At a concentration of 10 mg/ml, only S. aureus was sensitive to contact with the extract. However, at 20 mg/ml, 89% of strains were sensitive and 11% very sensitive. The highly sensitive strains are Salmonella sp and E. coli. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) are 20 mg/ml and 40 mg/ml respectively. The MBC/MIC ratio of the aqueous mixture of Crateva adansonii (Capparidaceae) varied from 1.2 to 2, with a bactericidal effect on 100% of the strains tested.展开更多
Although drinking water is readily available in Benin, its quality presents a public health concern. The district of Ahomadégbé in the commune of Lalo is characterized by several artesian wells. Unfortunatel...Although drinking water is readily available in Benin, its quality presents a public health concern. The district of Ahomadégbé in the commune of Lalo is characterized by several artesian wells. Unfortunately, anthropogenic factors negatively affect the drinking water quality in this area. The aim of this research was to study the microbiological quality of drinking water in the Ahomadégbé district, and to review household water treatment methods employed by the local population. Thirty-five water samples were taken—at water collection points, at selected points along the water transportation system and from water storage facilities, and microbiological parameters were measured. Qualitative data were collected via in-depth interviews with key informants regarding local household water treatment methods. Results reveal that there is a significant degree of microbiological pollution of drinking water in this district, particularly during the water transportation and storage stages where microbiological pollution exceeds levels approved by the World Health Organization. Local residents are familiar with several household water treatment methods. However, these methods are inconsistently applied, which limits their effectiveness. In addition to improving the quality of the drinking water resource itself, it is important to set up interventions relating to water treatment methods in local households.展开更多
<strong>Objective: </strong>The present was initiated to study the antibacterial properties of the <i>Crateva adansonii</i> DC extract on germs commonly identified in skin and digestive infecti...<strong>Objective: </strong>The present was initiated to study the antibacterial properties of the <i>Crateva adansonii</i> DC extract on germs commonly identified in skin and digestive infections in Benin as well as the reversion of resistance to these aforementioned germs. <strong>Method: </strong>The bacteria’s sensitivity test to extracts was carried out by the microdilution method in liquid medium as well as the MIC and the reversion of bacterial resistance. For the determination of the MBC, this technique is used coupled with spreading on agar medium. <strong>Results: </strong>The results show an antibacterial activity of the extract with MICs between 0.625 - 5 mg/ml. The CMB of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> ATCC 29212 is 2.5 mg/ml while that of Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> CIP 8039 is 5 mg/ml. The reversion of bacterial resistance has shown a synergy of action between our extract and conventional antibiotics.展开更多
Heavy metals are dangerous pollutants for ecosystems, especially aquatic ecosystems, because of their concentration in certain living organisms and their presence in the food chain. This study aims to evaluate the bac...Heavy metals are dangerous pollutants for ecosystems, especially aquatic ecosystems, because of their concentration in certain living organisms and their presence in the food chain. This study aims to evaluate the bacteriological, metallic (Pb, Cd, As) and toxicological risks associated with houin logbo (toho lake) in the municipality of Lokossa. The results obtained concern everyone: Toho lake is contaminated by <em>Escherichia coli </em>and<em> faecal enterococci</em>, concerning the evaluation of the metallic contamination we have: water (Pb: 0.1032, Cd: 0. 046, As: 0);sediment (Pb: 14.79, Cd: 1.27, As: 0.800);<em>Oreochromis niloticus </em>(Pb: 0.143, Cd: 0.087, As: 0.466);soils (Pb: 8.528, Cd: 2.755, As: 0.833);<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> (Pb: 0.098, Cd: 0.066, As: 0). Consumption of lake fish (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) and market garden produce (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em>) exposes populations, especially children, to the risk of As and Cd poisoning.展开更多
The objective of this study is to assess the quality of the artesian borehole water consumed by the population of the village of Dogbo Ahomey in order to prevent pathologies on the populations. Methodology and Results...The objective of this study is to assess the quality of the artesian borehole water consumed by the population of the village of Dogbo Ahomey in order to prevent pathologies on the populations. Methodology and Results: The household surveys were supplemented by a campaign to analyze the water samples in the laboratory. The samples were analyzed according to the standardized methods of the American Public Health Association (APHAAWWA-WPCF, 1994). A total of twenty (20) physico-chemical parameters and four (04) microbiological parameters were used to assess the quality of the different water samples. The results of the physico-chemical analysis showed that the water samples studied present values that are below the standards recommended by the WHO and by the Beninese standards for the quality of drinking water (Standards, 2001). From a microbiological analysis point of view, of the four samples studied, two show strong pollution by germs. This could be a significant health risk for households who take water from these sources to meet their needs.展开更多
文摘Urinary tract infections remain the most common bacterial infection in human population. They are also one of the most frequently occurring nosocomial infections, representing about 40% of all nosocomial bacterial infections world widely and associated with important medical and financial implications. This retrospective study aimed to establish the bacterial profile of UTIs in Benin. Therefore, reported data were collected from 2003 to 2012 at Menontin’s Hospital in Cotonou and subjected to analyses. At the end of the study, fourteen different bacteria species were found to be associated with UTI cases in Benin. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent followed by Staphylococcus aureus. Results of the current study are helpful to the health care community of Benin in establishing the appropriate antibiotherapy for UTI patients’ treatment with respect organisms into circulation.
文摘Background: In lacustrine communities, whether in Benin or elsewhere, populations use impregnated mosquito nets (IMNs) as fishing nets. This depletes the lake of its fishery resources, which in turn are contaminated by the pyrethroids impregnated in the nets. This study aims to determine the scale and factors associated with the use of pyrethroid-impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools in the municipality of Sô-Ava in Benin. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study with two components. First, a quantitative component was made up of 280 volunteers who were interviewed in the seven districts of the city. Data collection was done in two phases: the first from September to October 2020, and the second in August 2022. Data were analyzed with Stata and logistic regression was used. Another qualitative component was made up of forty participants chosen by reasoned choice, of which 32 were split into four focus groups of eight members each, and the rest participated in semi-structured interviews. Triangulation of the different sources was used to analyze the data. Results: Around 67% of the population reported using impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools and 33% exclusively for malaria. Seasonal fishermen (ORa = 2.03, CI = 1.35 - 4.97, P = 0.004) and years of professional experience (ORa = 1.53, CI = 1.00 - 2.05, P = 0.021) increase the risk of using these nets as fishing tools. The use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets against mosquitoes causes skin scratching and impairs breathing because of the impregnation products, as reported by respondents. Conclusion: A high prevalence of inappropriate use of impregnated mosquito nets in fishing practices is highlighted in this study. Interviews in the field revealed that nets are diverted for fishing purposes to increase the volume of catches. Consequently, it will be appropriate to assess the pyrethroid content in water and fishery products.
文摘Plants have always been used by people for therapeutic purposes. They are still the main source of therapeutic substances in developing countries. Crateva adansonii, a member of the Capparidaceae family, is a medicinal plant with antibacterial properties used in Benin. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of an aqueous extract of C. adansonii on bacterial strains isolated from chronic wounds in the Ouinhi population. To achieve this, the bacterial flora present in chronic wounds was identified using the Ikram method (2014) coupled with the API Remoel One method. The antibacterial properties of the aqueous extract of C. adansonii on the microbial strains isolated were then assessed by determining the Inhibition Diameters (ID), the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and finally the Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBC). A total of eighty (80) strains were isolated and identified on the basis of morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. The species S. Aureus species accounted for the largest proportion (67.5%). Other species such as Listeria sp, Pseudomonas proteus, S. epidermidis and Bacillus cereus, Citrobacter freundii, Steno maltophila;Axin calcoaceticus, E. coli, K. pneumonia, Lem. richardii, Salmonella paratyphi A, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp were determined in variable proportions. At a concentration of 10 mg/ml, only S. aureus was sensitive to contact with the extract. However, at 20 mg/ml, 89% of strains were sensitive and 11% very sensitive. The highly sensitive strains are Salmonella sp and E. coli. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) are 20 mg/ml and 40 mg/ml respectively. The MBC/MIC ratio of the aqueous mixture of Crateva adansonii (Capparidaceae) varied from 1.2 to 2, with a bactericidal effect on 100% of the strains tested.
文摘Although drinking water is readily available in Benin, its quality presents a public health concern. The district of Ahomadégbé in the commune of Lalo is characterized by several artesian wells. Unfortunately, anthropogenic factors negatively affect the drinking water quality in this area. The aim of this research was to study the microbiological quality of drinking water in the Ahomadégbé district, and to review household water treatment methods employed by the local population. Thirty-five water samples were taken—at water collection points, at selected points along the water transportation system and from water storage facilities, and microbiological parameters were measured. Qualitative data were collected via in-depth interviews with key informants regarding local household water treatment methods. Results reveal that there is a significant degree of microbiological pollution of drinking water in this district, particularly during the water transportation and storage stages where microbiological pollution exceeds levels approved by the World Health Organization. Local residents are familiar with several household water treatment methods. However, these methods are inconsistently applied, which limits their effectiveness. In addition to improving the quality of the drinking water resource itself, it is important to set up interventions relating to water treatment methods in local households.
文摘<strong>Objective: </strong>The present was initiated to study the antibacterial properties of the <i>Crateva adansonii</i> DC extract on germs commonly identified in skin and digestive infections in Benin as well as the reversion of resistance to these aforementioned germs. <strong>Method: </strong>The bacteria’s sensitivity test to extracts was carried out by the microdilution method in liquid medium as well as the MIC and the reversion of bacterial resistance. For the determination of the MBC, this technique is used coupled with spreading on agar medium. <strong>Results: </strong>The results show an antibacterial activity of the extract with MICs between 0.625 - 5 mg/ml. The CMB of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> ATCC 29212 is 2.5 mg/ml while that of Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> CIP 8039 is 5 mg/ml. The reversion of bacterial resistance has shown a synergy of action between our extract and conventional antibiotics.
文摘Heavy metals are dangerous pollutants for ecosystems, especially aquatic ecosystems, because of their concentration in certain living organisms and their presence in the food chain. This study aims to evaluate the bacteriological, metallic (Pb, Cd, As) and toxicological risks associated with houin logbo (toho lake) in the municipality of Lokossa. The results obtained concern everyone: Toho lake is contaminated by <em>Escherichia coli </em>and<em> faecal enterococci</em>, concerning the evaluation of the metallic contamination we have: water (Pb: 0.1032, Cd: 0. 046, As: 0);sediment (Pb: 14.79, Cd: 1.27, As: 0.800);<em>Oreochromis niloticus </em>(Pb: 0.143, Cd: 0.087, As: 0.466);soils (Pb: 8.528, Cd: 2.755, As: 0.833);<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> (Pb: 0.098, Cd: 0.066, As: 0). Consumption of lake fish (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) and market garden produce (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em>) exposes populations, especially children, to the risk of As and Cd poisoning.
文摘The objective of this study is to assess the quality of the artesian borehole water consumed by the population of the village of Dogbo Ahomey in order to prevent pathologies on the populations. Methodology and Results: The household surveys were supplemented by a campaign to analyze the water samples in the laboratory. The samples were analyzed according to the standardized methods of the American Public Health Association (APHAAWWA-WPCF, 1994). A total of twenty (20) physico-chemical parameters and four (04) microbiological parameters were used to assess the quality of the different water samples. The results of the physico-chemical analysis showed that the water samples studied present values that are below the standards recommended by the WHO and by the Beninese standards for the quality of drinking water (Standards, 2001). From a microbiological analysis point of view, of the four samples studied, two show strong pollution by germs. This could be a significant health risk for households who take water from these sources to meet their needs.
