This work presents zircon U–Pb age and wholerock geochemical data for the volcanic rocks from the Lakang Formation in the southeastern Tethyan Himalaya and represents the initial activity of the Kerguelen mantle plum...This work presents zircon U–Pb age and wholerock geochemical data for the volcanic rocks from the Lakang Formation in the southeastern Tethyan Himalaya and represents the initial activity of the Kerguelen mantle plume. SHRIMP U–Pb dating of zircons from the volcanic rocks yielded a ^(206) Pb/^(238) U age of 147 ± 2 Ma that reflects the time of Late Jurassic magmatism. Whole rock analyses of major and trace elements show that the volcanic rocks are characterized by high content of Ti O_2(2.62 wt%–4.25 wt%) and P_2O_5(0.38 wt%–0.68 wt%), highly fractionated in LREE/HREE [(La/Yb)N= 5.35–8.31] with no obvious anomaly of Eu, and HFSE enrichment with no obvious anomaly of Nb and Ta, which are similar to those of ocean island basalts and tholeiitic basaltic andesites indicating a mantle plume origin. The Kerguelen mantle plume produced a massive amount of magmatic rocks from Early Cretaceous to the present, which widely dispersed from their original localities of emplacement due to the changing motions of the Antarctic, Australian, and Indian plates. However, our new geochronological and geochemical results indicate that the Kerguelen mantle plume started from the Late Jurassic. Furthermore, we suggest that the Kerguelen mantle plume may played a significant role in the breakup of eastern Gondwanaland according to the available geochronological, geochemical and paleomagnetic data.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of Weitiao No.3(微调3号方,WD-3)on anti-programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1)immunotherapy in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS:The intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing of...OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of Weitiao No.3(微调3号方,WD-3)on anti-programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1)immunotherapy in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS:The intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing of fecal samples from three groups:healthy people(Health),GC patients(GC),and WD-3-treated GC patients(WD-3).Next,we established an orthotopic model of GC mice,which were treated with anti-PD-1,WD-3,or an inoculation of intestinal bacteria.Immune markers CD3,CD4,CD8,and forkhead box protein P3(FOXP3),and the cell proliferation marker Ki67,were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Cell apoptosis in GC tumors was assessed by terminaldeoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling staining.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISAs)were performed to analyze the serum levels of the following cytokines in GC mice:tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-2,IL-6,IL-10,interferon(IFN)-γ,and transforming growth factor(TGF)-β.RESULTS:Sequencing data showed that there were significant differences in the composition of the gut microbial community among the three human groups.The gut bacteria in the three groups mainly comprised the phyla Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Actinobacteria.At the genus level,the relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Coprococcus showed significant decreases in the GC group,and an obvious increase in the WD-3 group,compared with the Health group.Interestingly,the relative abundance of Saccharopolyspora was only detected in the WD-3 group.The results of in vivo experiments in GC mice showed that WD-3 or anti-PD-1 treatment increased the levels of CD3+,CD4+,and CD8+T cells,but decreased the levels of FOXP3+regulatory T cells.Furthermore,WD-3 or PD-1 antibody treatment inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of GC tumor cells.ELISA analysis showed that WD-3 or PD-1 antibody treatment facilitated TNF-α,IL-2,and IFN-γexpression,while suppressing IL-6,IL-10,and TGF-βexpression.Combination therapy with WD-3 and anti-PD-1 intensi展开更多
为了确定通用性园艺作物发育期和采收期模拟模型的最优模拟路径,该研究获取了9 a 58茬分期播种试验观测数据,分别以黄瓜(‘津优35’和‘津盛206’)、番茄(‘瑞粉882’和‘普罗旺斯’)、芹菜(‘尤文图斯’)、菠菜(‘大叶’)、香芹(‘四季...为了确定通用性园艺作物发育期和采收期模拟模型的最优模拟路径,该研究获取了9 a 58茬分期播种试验观测数据,分别以黄瓜(‘津优35’和‘津盛206’)、番茄(‘瑞粉882’和‘普罗旺斯’)、芹菜(‘尤文图斯’)、菠菜(‘大叶’)、香芹(‘四季’)、郁金香(‘粉色印象’、‘白日梦’、‘艾斯米’和‘夜皇后’)、茶叶(‘龙井’)为供试材料,依据作物生长发育与关键气象因子(辐射和温度)的关系,基于4类建模方法(温差法、积温法、生理发育时间法和辐热积法)构建了园艺作物发育期和采收期模拟模型,确定了模型关键参数,并以4种方式(平均值、最值均值、中值和逐步回归)集成模拟结果,最终确定模型最优模拟路径。结果表明:1)不同时间尺度发育期和采收期模拟模型的均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)为4.85~17.01 d,归一化均方根误差(normalized root mean square error,NRMSE)为10.65%~16.31%;不同作物发育期和采收期模拟模型的RMSE为0.50~17.08 d,NRMSE为4.33%~20.24%,郁金香发育期模拟模型最优,黄瓜采收期模拟模型最优;不同模拟方法发育期和采收期模拟模型的RMSE为0.08~24.37 d,NRMSE为0.18%~54.81%。2)通过比较不同模拟方法的模拟精度,得出逐时优于逐日时间尺度,集成方法优于单一方法模拟,正弦优于线性温度响应模式,叶温优于气温温度形式,温度响应模拟需要考虑下限和上限温度。3)最优模拟路径为先选择逐时尺度、考虑生物学下限和上限温度的正弦温度响应模式和叶温温度形式构建模型,再选择集成法优化发育期(中值集成)和采收期(逐步回归集成)模型。研究结果为指导园艺作物智慧生产管理和高效利用农业资源方面提供理论基础和技术支撑。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41173065,41572205)the Geological Survey of China(Grant no.DD20160345)Ministry of Science and Technology(No.2012FY120100)
文摘This work presents zircon U–Pb age and wholerock geochemical data for the volcanic rocks from the Lakang Formation in the southeastern Tethyan Himalaya and represents the initial activity of the Kerguelen mantle plume. SHRIMP U–Pb dating of zircons from the volcanic rocks yielded a ^(206) Pb/^(238) U age of 147 ± 2 Ma that reflects the time of Late Jurassic magmatism. Whole rock analyses of major and trace elements show that the volcanic rocks are characterized by high content of Ti O_2(2.62 wt%–4.25 wt%) and P_2O_5(0.38 wt%–0.68 wt%), highly fractionated in LREE/HREE [(La/Yb)N= 5.35–8.31] with no obvious anomaly of Eu, and HFSE enrichment with no obvious anomaly of Nb and Ta, which are similar to those of ocean island basalts and tholeiitic basaltic andesites indicating a mantle plume origin. The Kerguelen mantle plume produced a massive amount of magmatic rocks from Early Cretaceous to the present, which widely dispersed from their original localities of emplacement due to the changing motions of the Antarctic, Australian, and Indian plates. However, our new geochronological and geochemical results indicate that the Kerguelen mantle plume started from the Late Jurassic. Furthermore, we suggest that the Kerguelen mantle plume may played a significant role in the breakup of eastern Gondwanaland according to the available geochronological, geochemical and paleomagnetic data.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China:to Explore the Role and Mechanism of Weitiao No.3 in Promoting Immunotherapy of Gastric Cancer by Activating Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-γ/AMP-activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway through Short Chain Fatty Acid based on Intestinal Flora(No.82274269)the Nature Foundation of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine:to Investigate the Effect and Mechanism of Weitiao No.3 on Immunotherapy of Gastric Cancer based on Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-γ/AMP-activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway(No.XZR2020079)the Wuxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research Project:Clinical and Basic Study on the Effect of Weitiao No.3 Mixture on Immunotherapy of Gastric Cancer by Regulating Intestinal Microecology(No.ZYKJ201906)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of Weitiao No.3(微调3号方,WD-3)on anti-programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1)immunotherapy in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS:The intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing of fecal samples from three groups:healthy people(Health),GC patients(GC),and WD-3-treated GC patients(WD-3).Next,we established an orthotopic model of GC mice,which were treated with anti-PD-1,WD-3,or an inoculation of intestinal bacteria.Immune markers CD3,CD4,CD8,and forkhead box protein P3(FOXP3),and the cell proliferation marker Ki67,were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Cell apoptosis in GC tumors was assessed by terminaldeoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling staining.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISAs)were performed to analyze the serum levels of the following cytokines in GC mice:tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-2,IL-6,IL-10,interferon(IFN)-γ,and transforming growth factor(TGF)-β.RESULTS:Sequencing data showed that there were significant differences in the composition of the gut microbial community among the three human groups.The gut bacteria in the three groups mainly comprised the phyla Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Actinobacteria.At the genus level,the relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Coprococcus showed significant decreases in the GC group,and an obvious increase in the WD-3 group,compared with the Health group.Interestingly,the relative abundance of Saccharopolyspora was only detected in the WD-3 group.The results of in vivo experiments in GC mice showed that WD-3 or anti-PD-1 treatment increased the levels of CD3+,CD4+,and CD8+T cells,but decreased the levels of FOXP3+regulatory T cells.Furthermore,WD-3 or PD-1 antibody treatment inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of GC tumor cells.ELISA analysis showed that WD-3 or PD-1 antibody treatment facilitated TNF-α,IL-2,and IFN-γexpression,while suppressing IL-6,IL-10,and TGF-βexpression.Combination therapy with WD-3 and anti-PD-1 intensi
文摘为了确定通用性园艺作物发育期和采收期模拟模型的最优模拟路径,该研究获取了9 a 58茬分期播种试验观测数据,分别以黄瓜(‘津优35’和‘津盛206’)、番茄(‘瑞粉882’和‘普罗旺斯’)、芹菜(‘尤文图斯’)、菠菜(‘大叶’)、香芹(‘四季’)、郁金香(‘粉色印象’、‘白日梦’、‘艾斯米’和‘夜皇后’)、茶叶(‘龙井’)为供试材料,依据作物生长发育与关键气象因子(辐射和温度)的关系,基于4类建模方法(温差法、积温法、生理发育时间法和辐热积法)构建了园艺作物发育期和采收期模拟模型,确定了模型关键参数,并以4种方式(平均值、最值均值、中值和逐步回归)集成模拟结果,最终确定模型最优模拟路径。结果表明:1)不同时间尺度发育期和采收期模拟模型的均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)为4.85~17.01 d,归一化均方根误差(normalized root mean square error,NRMSE)为10.65%~16.31%;不同作物发育期和采收期模拟模型的RMSE为0.50~17.08 d,NRMSE为4.33%~20.24%,郁金香发育期模拟模型最优,黄瓜采收期模拟模型最优;不同模拟方法发育期和采收期模拟模型的RMSE为0.08~24.37 d,NRMSE为0.18%~54.81%。2)通过比较不同模拟方法的模拟精度,得出逐时优于逐日时间尺度,集成方法优于单一方法模拟,正弦优于线性温度响应模式,叶温优于气温温度形式,温度响应模拟需要考虑下限和上限温度。3)最优模拟路径为先选择逐时尺度、考虑生物学下限和上限温度的正弦温度响应模式和叶温温度形式构建模型,再选择集成法优化发育期(中值集成)和采收期(逐步回归集成)模型。研究结果为指导园艺作物智慧生产管理和高效利用农业资源方面提供理论基础和技术支撑。
