随着大规模储能系统的广泛发展,快速准确地估计锂离子电池的荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)对系统的安全可靠运行至关重要。然而,在传统的固定串并联电池单元/模块拓扑结构中,无法直接测量电池单元/模块的开路电压(open circuit voltage...随着大规模储能系统的广泛发展,快速准确地估计锂离子电池的荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)对系统的安全可靠运行至关重要。然而,在传统的固定串并联电池单元/模块拓扑结构中,无法直接测量电池单元/模块的开路电压(open circuit voltage,OCV),也就无法建立OCV-SOC映射关系来准确估计SOC。对此,提出一种基于新型动态可重构电池网络的精准SOC估计方法。该方法可以在1s内测量得到OCV,然后使用梯度增强决策树估计电池单元/模块的准确SOC。实验结果表明该方法的高效率和有效性,为电池状态估计提供了一个范式结构。展开更多
Cereal is an essential source of calories and protein for the global population.Accurately predicting cereal quality before harvest is highly desirable in order to optimise management for farmers,grading harvest and c...Cereal is an essential source of calories and protein for the global population.Accurately predicting cereal quality before harvest is highly desirable in order to optimise management for farmers,grading harvest and categorised storage for enterprises,future trading prices,and policy planning.The use of remote sensing data with extensive spatial coverage demonstrates some potential in predicting crop quality traits.Many studies have also proposed models and methods for predicting such traits based on multiplatform remote sensing data.In this paper,the key quality traits that are of interest to producers and consumers are introduced.The literature related to grain quality prediction was analyzed in detail,and a review was conducted on remote sensing platforms,commonly used methods,potential gaps,and future trends in crop quality prediction.This review recommends new research directions that go beyond the traditional methods and discusses grain quality retrieval and the associated challenges from the perspective of remote sensing data.展开更多
A light-weight structure with sufficient mechanical strength and heat transfer performance is increasingly required for some thermal management issues.The porous structure with the skeleton supporting the ambient stre...A light-weight structure with sufficient mechanical strength and heat transfer performance is increasingly required for some thermal management issues.The porous structure with the skeleton supporting the ambient stress and the pores holding the flowing fluid is considered very promising,attracting significant scientific and industrial interest over the past few decades.However,due to complicated morphology of the porous matrices and thereby various performance of the pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients (HTC),the comprehensive comparison and evaluation between different structures are largely unclear.In this work,recent researches on the efforts of forced convection heat transfer in light-weight porous structure are reviewed;special interest is placed in the open-cell foam,lattice-frame,structured packed bed,and wire-woven structures.Their experimental apparatus,morphological of the porous structures,effect of morphology on pressure drop and HTC,and further applications are discussed.The new method which measure morphology accurately should be paid more attention to develop more accuracy correlation.Also,the most research focused on low Reynolds number and existing structure,while very few researchers investigated the property of forced convection heat transfer in high velocity region and developed new porous structure.展开更多
Postoperative tumor recurrence remains a predominant cause of treatment failure. In this study, we developed an in situ injectable hydrogel, termed MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel, which was locally formed within the tumor rese...Postoperative tumor recurrence remains a predominant cause of treatment failure. In this study, we developed an in situ injectable hydrogel, termed MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel, which was locally formed within the tumor resection cavity. The MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel was fabricated by mixing a thrombin solution, a fibrinogen solution containing all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and a Mn/NO-based immune nano-activator termed MPB-NO@DOX. ATRA promoted the differentiation of cancer stem cells, inhibited cancer cell migration, and affected the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. The outer MnO2 shell disintegrated due to its reaction with glutathione and hydrogen peroxide in the cytoplasm to release Mn2+ and produce O2, resulting in the release of doxorubicin (DOX). The released DOX entered the nucleus and destroyed DNA, and the fragmented DNA cooperated with Mn2+ to activate the cGAS-STING pathway and stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. In addition, when MPB-NO@DOX was exposed to 808 nm laser irradiation, the Fe-NO bond was broken to release NO, which downregulated the expression of PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells and reversed the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, the MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel exhibited excellent anti-tumor efficacy. The results of this study demonstrated the great potential of in situ injectable hydrogels in preventing postoperative tumor recurrence.展开更多
Dasypyrum villosum is one of the most valuable gene resources in wheat improvement,especially for disease resistance.The mining of favorable genes from D.villosum is frustrated by the lack of a whole genome sequence.I...Dasypyrum villosum is one of the most valuable gene resources in wheat improvement,especially for disease resistance.The mining of favorable genes from D.villosum is frustrated by the lack of a whole genome sequence.In this study,we generated a doubled-haploid line,91C43^(DH),using microspore culture and obtained a 4.05-GB high-quality,chromosome-scale genome assembly for D.villosum.The assembly contains39727 high-confidence genes,and 85.31% of the sequences are repetitive.Two reciprocal translocation events were detected,and 7VS-4VL is a unique translocation in D.villosum.The prolamin seed storage protein-coding genes were found to be duplicated;in particular,the genes encoding low-molecular-weight glutenin at the Glu-V3 locus were significantly expanded.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)analysis indicated that,after Blumeria graminearum f.sp tritici(Bgt)inoculation,there were more upregulated genes involved in the pattern-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity defense pathways in D.villosum than in Triticum urartu.MNase hypersensitive sequencing(MH-seq)identified two Bgt-inducible MH sites(MHSs),one in the promoter and one in the 3'terminal region of the powdery mildew resistance(Pm)gene NLR1-V.Each site had two subpeaks and they were termed MHS1(MHS1.1/1.2)and MHS2(MHS2.1/2.2).Bgt-inducible MHS2.2 was uniquely present in D.villosum,and MHS1.1 was more inducible in D.villosum than in wheat,suggesting that MHSs may be critical for regulation of NLR1-V expression and plant defense.In summary,this study provides a valuable genome resource for functional genomics studies and wheat-D.villosum introgression breeding.The identified regulatory mechanisms may also be exploited to develop new strategies for enhancing Pm resistance by optimizing gene expression in wheat.展开更多
Dear Editor,Uncommon mutations in exons 18-21 of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene account for 10%–15%of all EGFR mutations when considered as a whole group[1,2].However,each variant confers heterogeneou...Dear Editor,Uncommon mutations in exons 18-21 of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene account for 10%–15%of all EGFR mutations when considered as a whole group[1,2].However,each variant confers heterogeneous clinical outcomes to different generations of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)with G719X,L861Q,and/or S768I showing adequate sensitivity to EGFR inhibition[1–3].Osimertinib,based on its superior survival outcomes,has become the preferred first-line treatment for patients diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)harboring common EGFR mutations[4];however,its efficacy in patients harboring G719X,S768I,and/or L861Q mutations was comparable or even inferior to Afatinib[5].Afatinib,a second-generation EGFR-TKI,has received approval for extended clinical indication in treating previously untreated patients with metastatic NSCLC harboring G719X,L861Q,and/or S768I based on the findings from the pooled analysis of three clinical trials(LUX-Lung 2/3/6)[2].The real-world clinical efficacy of Afatinib for treating this patient subset has been consistently demonstrated by two large retrospective studies[6,7].In China,chemotherapy remains a standard first-line treatment for this patient subset,with Afatinib available only as an off-label treatment option.展开更多
文摘随着大规模储能系统的广泛发展,快速准确地估计锂离子电池的荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)对系统的安全可靠运行至关重要。然而,在传统的固定串并联电池单元/模块拓扑结构中,无法直接测量电池单元/模块的开路电压(open circuit voltage,OCV),也就无法建立OCV-SOC映射关系来准确估计SOC。对此,提出一种基于新型动态可重构电池网络的精准SOC估计方法。该方法可以在1s内测量得到OCV,然后使用梯度增强决策树估计电池单元/模块的准确SOC。实验结果表明该方法的高效率和有效性,为电池状态估计提供了一个范式结构。
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42271396)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2022MD017)+1 种基金the Key R&D Project of Hebei Province(22326406D)The European Space Agency(ESA)and Ministry of Science and Technology of China(MOST)Dragon(57457).
文摘Cereal is an essential source of calories and protein for the global population.Accurately predicting cereal quality before harvest is highly desirable in order to optimise management for farmers,grading harvest and categorised storage for enterprises,future trading prices,and policy planning.The use of remote sensing data with extensive spatial coverage demonstrates some potential in predicting crop quality traits.Many studies have also proposed models and methods for predicting such traits based on multiplatform remote sensing data.In this paper,the key quality traits that are of interest to producers and consumers are introduced.The literature related to grain quality prediction was analyzed in detail,and a review was conducted on remote sensing platforms,commonly used methods,potential gaps,and future trends in crop quality prediction.This review recommends new research directions that go beyond the traditional methods and discusses grain quality retrieval and the associated challenges from the perspective of remote sensing data.
基金This study was supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(2017-Ⅲ-0005-0029)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51806027,U19B2005)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFC0310006).
文摘A light-weight structure with sufficient mechanical strength and heat transfer performance is increasingly required for some thermal management issues.The porous structure with the skeleton supporting the ambient stress and the pores holding the flowing fluid is considered very promising,attracting significant scientific and industrial interest over the past few decades.However,due to complicated morphology of the porous matrices and thereby various performance of the pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients (HTC),the comprehensive comparison and evaluation between different structures are largely unclear.In this work,recent researches on the efforts of forced convection heat transfer in light-weight porous structure are reviewed;special interest is placed in the open-cell foam,lattice-frame,structured packed bed,and wire-woven structures.Their experimental apparatus,morphological of the porous structures,effect of morphology on pressure drop and HTC,and further applications are discussed.The new method which measure morphology accurately should be paid more attention to develop more accuracy correlation.Also,the most research focused on low Reynolds number and existing structure,while very few researchers investigated the property of forced convection heat transfer in high velocity region and developed new porous structure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82003298)the Scientiffc and Technological Project of Henan Province(No.232102310392)+5 种基金the Key Research and Development Projects of Henan Province(No.222102310453,212102311025)Postdoctoral Research Grant in Henan Province(No.201901025)the Key Research Project of Henan Higher Education Institutions(No.18A350003)Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases,Henan Province(No.NMZL2020102)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0035)the Scientiffc Research Seedling Project of Chongqing Medicinal Biotechnology Association(No.cmba2022kyym-zkxmQ0009).
文摘Postoperative tumor recurrence remains a predominant cause of treatment failure. In this study, we developed an in situ injectable hydrogel, termed MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel, which was locally formed within the tumor resection cavity. The MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel was fabricated by mixing a thrombin solution, a fibrinogen solution containing all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and a Mn/NO-based immune nano-activator termed MPB-NO@DOX. ATRA promoted the differentiation of cancer stem cells, inhibited cancer cell migration, and affected the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. The outer MnO2 shell disintegrated due to its reaction with glutathione and hydrogen peroxide in the cytoplasm to release Mn2+ and produce O2, resulting in the release of doxorubicin (DOX). The released DOX entered the nucleus and destroyed DNA, and the fragmented DNA cooperated with Mn2+ to activate the cGAS-STING pathway and stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. In addition, when MPB-NO@DOX was exposed to 808 nm laser irradiation, the Fe-NO bond was broken to release NO, which downregulated the expression of PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells and reversed the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, the MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel exhibited excellent anti-tumor efficacy. The results of this study demonstrated the great potential of in situ injectable hydrogels in preventing postoperative tumor recurrence.
基金financially supported by the National Key Agriculture Projects(NK2022060101)National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFF1002900,2020YFE0202900)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University(XUEKEN2022012)Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program(BE2021375,BE2022346)Seed Industry Revitalization Project of Jiangsu Province(JBGS2021006,2021013,2021047)Joint Research of Improved Wheat Variety of Anhui,and Jiangsu Agricultural Technology System(JATS)(JATS[2021]463,JATS[2022]464).
文摘Dasypyrum villosum is one of the most valuable gene resources in wheat improvement,especially for disease resistance.The mining of favorable genes from D.villosum is frustrated by the lack of a whole genome sequence.In this study,we generated a doubled-haploid line,91C43^(DH),using microspore culture and obtained a 4.05-GB high-quality,chromosome-scale genome assembly for D.villosum.The assembly contains39727 high-confidence genes,and 85.31% of the sequences are repetitive.Two reciprocal translocation events were detected,and 7VS-4VL is a unique translocation in D.villosum.The prolamin seed storage protein-coding genes were found to be duplicated;in particular,the genes encoding low-molecular-weight glutenin at the Glu-V3 locus were significantly expanded.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)analysis indicated that,after Blumeria graminearum f.sp tritici(Bgt)inoculation,there were more upregulated genes involved in the pattern-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity defense pathways in D.villosum than in Triticum urartu.MNase hypersensitive sequencing(MH-seq)identified two Bgt-inducible MH sites(MHSs),one in the promoter and one in the 3'terminal region of the powdery mildew resistance(Pm)gene NLR1-V.Each site had two subpeaks and they were termed MHS1(MHS1.1/1.2)and MHS2(MHS2.1/2.2).Bgt-inducible MHS2.2 was uniquely present in D.villosum,and MHS1.1 was more inducible in D.villosum than in wheat,suggesting that MHSs may be critical for regulation of NLR1-V expression and plant defense.In summary,this study provides a valuable genome resource for functional genomics studies and wheat-D.villosum introgression breeding.The identified regulatory mechanisms may also be exploited to develop new strategies for enhancing Pm resistance by optimizing gene expression in wheat.
文摘压缩超快成像(compressed ultrafast photography,CUP)是目前最快的被动式单次超快光学成像技术,它通过数据获取和图像重构两个步骤实现超快事件的捕捉,已发展为记录不可逆或难以重复超快事件的一种有力工具,且能够探测荧光动力学等自发光瞬态场景.然而,传统的迭代优化型算法在图像重构上的保真度较低,而端到端型深度学习算法则严重依赖训练数据,训练复杂度高、通用性不足,这限制了CUP对超快现象进行高空间分辨率的观测.为此,我们开发了一种新型的免训练自监督式神经网络算法,其通过即插即用框架(plug-and-play,PnP)与深度图像先验(deep image prior,DIP)的结合可实现CUP的低复杂度高保真图像重建,简称为PnP-DIP算法.PnP-DIP基于交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM),利用DIP和PnP去噪器解决图像恢复子问题,可以在防止数据过拟合和噪声累积的同时,显著提高图像重建的精度与收敛速度.通过数值模拟,我们理论上证明了PnP-DIP算法在重构原始动态信息方面相比传统ADMM算法具有更高的保真度.同时,我们分别利用PnPDIP对自主研制CUP系统观测的皮秒激光脉冲和X射线闪烁体的时空强度演化数据进行重构,实验上验证了其优越的图像重构性能.这一研究有望推动CUP在高时空分辨观测需求中的应用,并为超快动力学的实时探测作出重大贡献.
文摘Dear Editor,Uncommon mutations in exons 18-21 of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene account for 10%–15%of all EGFR mutations when considered as a whole group[1,2].However,each variant confers heterogeneous clinical outcomes to different generations of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)with G719X,L861Q,and/or S768I showing adequate sensitivity to EGFR inhibition[1–3].Osimertinib,based on its superior survival outcomes,has become the preferred first-line treatment for patients diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)harboring common EGFR mutations[4];however,its efficacy in patients harboring G719X,S768I,and/or L861Q mutations was comparable or even inferior to Afatinib[5].Afatinib,a second-generation EGFR-TKI,has received approval for extended clinical indication in treating previously untreated patients with metastatic NSCLC harboring G719X,L861Q,and/or S768I based on the findings from the pooled analysis of three clinical trials(LUX-Lung 2/3/6)[2].The real-world clinical efficacy of Afatinib for treating this patient subset has been consistently demonstrated by two large retrospective studies[6,7].In China,chemotherapy remains a standard first-line treatment for this patient subset,with Afatinib available only as an off-label treatment option.
