目的对我国人群结直肠癌疾病负担进行汇总更新。方法基于2015年发表的1项系统分析,就其后有数据更新的GLOBOCAN、《中国肿瘤登记年报》(年报)和Cancer Incidence in Five Continents(CI5)3个数据源,新增全球疾病负担项目(GBD2017)、《...目的对我国人群结直肠癌疾病负担进行汇总更新。方法基于2015年发表的1项系统分析,就其后有数据更新的GLOBOCAN、《中国肿瘤登记年报》(年报)和Cancer Incidence in Five Continents(CI5)3个数据源,新增全球疾病负担项目(GBD2017)、《中国死因监测数据集》和《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》(年鉴)3个数据源,摘录6个数据源中我国人群结直肠癌发病、死亡和伤残调整寿命年(DALY)、分部位构成变化等数据,主要采用世标率,分析最新疾病负担情况。应用Joinpoint Trend Analysis Software 4.7.0.0软件进行时间趋势分析。作为广义疾病负担的一部分,采用文献法汇总整理我国结直肠癌经济负担相关数据。结果①现状:年报显示,2015年我国肿瘤登记地区结直肠癌发病率和死亡率分别为17.1/10万和7.9/10万,发病率男女性别比和城乡比分别为1.5和1.4,死亡率分别为1.6和1.4。与年报数据接近,死因监测数据显示,2017年我国结直肠癌死亡率为6.9/10万。GBD显示2017年我国结直肠癌所致DALY负担达425.4万人年(为1990年的2倍),占全球22.4%。②趋势:年报数据显示,2009-2015年全国结直肠癌发病率和死亡率分别下降10.2%和9.5%,城市亦均下降,但农村均上升(增幅分别为20.0%和15.2%);对应Joinpoint分析提示全国死亡率的平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)为-1.6%(P<0.05),其中城市发病率和死亡率均下降(AAPC分别为-1.5%和-1.4%)(均P<0.05),农村发病率上升(AAPC为3.3%)(P<0.05)。年鉴数据显示,与2004年相比,2017年城市和农村死亡率分别增加9.8%和20.6%,但Joinpoint分析AAPC无明显变化(P<0.05)。③分部位:年报显示2015年我国结直肠癌新发病例中,结肠癌、直肠癌和肛门癌分别占49.6%、49.2%和1.2%,对应2009年占比依次为51.3%、47.6%和1.1%,结肠癌占比始终为城市(>52%)高于农村(<44%)。CI5第Ⅺ卷细化部位信息显示,结肠癌以升结肠和乙状结肠居多。④经济负担:我国结直肠癌例展开更多
Hybrid rice has contributed greatly to the self-sufficiency of food supply In China. To meet the future demand for rice production, a national program on super rice breeding was established In China In 1996. The corre...Hybrid rice has contributed greatly to the self-sufficiency of food supply In China. To meet the future demand for rice production, a national program on super rice breeding was established In China In 1996. The corresponding targets, breeding strategies and most significant advances are reviewed In this paper. New plant type models have been modified to adjust to various rice growing regions. In recognition of the Importance of applying parents with Intermediate subspecies differentiation In Increasing F1 yield, medium type parental lines were selected from populations derived from Inter-subspecies crosses with the assistance of DNA markers for subspecies differentiation. Results also indicate that a substantial increase of blomass Is the basis for further enhancement of the grain yield potential, and amelioration of leaf characteristics Is helpful In Increasing the photosynthetic rate. Thirty-four super hybrid rice varieties have been released commercially, growing In a total area of 13.5 million hm2 and producing 6.7 thousand million kg more rice In 1998-2005. Although remarkable progress has been made In super hybrid rice breeding In China, selections on the root system and Integration of more blotechnologlcal tools remain a great challenge.展开更多
The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of ...The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of stars, galaxies and QSOs. Objects in both the pilot survey and the first year regular survey are included in the LAMOST DR1. The pilot survey started in October 2011 and ended in June 2012, and the data have been released to the public as the LAMOST Pilot Data Release in August 2012. The regular survey started in September 2012, and completed its first year of operation in June 2013. The LAMOST DR1 includes a total of 1202 plates containing 2 955 336 spectra, of which 1 790 879 spectra have observed signalto-noise ratio（SNR） ≥ 10. All data with SNR ≥ 2 are formally released as LAMOST DR1 under the LAMOST data policy. This data release contains a total of 2 204 696 spectra, of which 1 944 329 are stellar spectra, 12 082 are galaxy spectra and 5017 are quasars. The DR1 not only includes spectra, but also three stellar catalogs with measured parameters： late A,FGK-type stars with high quality spectra（1 061 918 entries）, A-type stars（100 073 entries）, and M-type stars（121 522 entries）. This paper introduces the survey design, the observational and instrumental limitations, data reduction and analysis, and some caveats. A description of the FITS structure of spectral files and parameter catalogs is also provided.展开更多
文摘目的对我国人群结直肠癌疾病负担进行汇总更新。方法基于2015年发表的1项系统分析,就其后有数据更新的GLOBOCAN、《中国肿瘤登记年报》(年报)和Cancer Incidence in Five Continents(CI5)3个数据源,新增全球疾病负担项目(GBD2017)、《中国死因监测数据集》和《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》(年鉴)3个数据源,摘录6个数据源中我国人群结直肠癌发病、死亡和伤残调整寿命年(DALY)、分部位构成变化等数据,主要采用世标率,分析最新疾病负担情况。应用Joinpoint Trend Analysis Software 4.7.0.0软件进行时间趋势分析。作为广义疾病负担的一部分,采用文献法汇总整理我国结直肠癌经济负担相关数据。结果①现状:年报显示,2015年我国肿瘤登记地区结直肠癌发病率和死亡率分别为17.1/10万和7.9/10万,发病率男女性别比和城乡比分别为1.5和1.4,死亡率分别为1.6和1.4。与年报数据接近,死因监测数据显示,2017年我国结直肠癌死亡率为6.9/10万。GBD显示2017年我国结直肠癌所致DALY负担达425.4万人年(为1990年的2倍),占全球22.4%。②趋势:年报数据显示,2009-2015年全国结直肠癌发病率和死亡率分别下降10.2%和9.5%,城市亦均下降,但农村均上升(增幅分别为20.0%和15.2%);对应Joinpoint分析提示全国死亡率的平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)为-1.6%(P<0.05),其中城市发病率和死亡率均下降(AAPC分别为-1.5%和-1.4%)(均P<0.05),农村发病率上升(AAPC为3.3%)(P<0.05)。年鉴数据显示,与2004年相比,2017年城市和农村死亡率分别增加9.8%和20.6%,但Joinpoint分析AAPC无明显变化(P<0.05)。③分部位:年报显示2015年我国结直肠癌新发病例中,结肠癌、直肠癌和肛门癌分别占49.6%、49.2%和1.2%,对应2009年占比依次为51.3%、47.6%和1.1%,结肠癌占比始终为城市(>52%)高于农村(<44%)。CI5第Ⅺ卷细化部位信息显示,结肠癌以升结肠和乙状结肠居多。④经济负担:我国结直肠癌例
基金Supported by the National Program on Super Rice Breeding, the Ministry of Agriculture, National High-Tech and Development Program of China （863）, the Ministry of Science and Technology and Provincial Program （8812）, Zhejiang Province, China. Publication of this paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30624808）.
文摘Hybrid rice has contributed greatly to the self-sufficiency of food supply In China. To meet the future demand for rice production, a national program on super rice breeding was established In China In 1996. The corresponding targets, breeding strategies and most significant advances are reviewed In this paper. New plant type models have been modified to adjust to various rice growing regions. In recognition of the Importance of applying parents with Intermediate subspecies differentiation In Increasing F1 yield, medium type parental lines were selected from populations derived from Inter-subspecies crosses with the assistance of DNA markers for subspecies differentiation. Results also indicate that a substantial increase of blomass Is the basis for further enhancement of the grain yield potential, and amelioration of leaf characteristics Is helpful In Increasing the photosynthetic rate. Thirty-four super hybrid rice varieties have been released commercially, growing In a total area of 13.5 million hm2 and producing 6.7 thousand million kg more rice In 1998-2005. Although remarkable progress has been made In super hybrid rice breeding In China, selections on the root system and Integration of more blotechnologlcal tools remain a great challenge.
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2014CB845700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11390371)Funding for the project has been provided by the National Development and Reform Commission
文摘The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of stars, galaxies and QSOs. Objects in both the pilot survey and the first year regular survey are included in the LAMOST DR1. The pilot survey started in October 2011 and ended in June 2012, and the data have been released to the public as the LAMOST Pilot Data Release in August 2012. The regular survey started in September 2012, and completed its first year of operation in June 2013. The LAMOST DR1 includes a total of 1202 plates containing 2 955 336 spectra, of which 1 790 879 spectra have observed signalto-noise ratio（SNR） ≥ 10. All data with SNR ≥ 2 are formally released as LAMOST DR1 under the LAMOST data policy. This data release contains a total of 2 204 696 spectra, of which 1 944 329 are stellar spectra, 12 082 are galaxy spectra and 5017 are quasars. The DR1 not only includes spectra, but also three stellar catalogs with measured parameters： late A,FGK-type stars with high quality spectra（1 061 918 entries）, A-type stars（100 073 entries）, and M-type stars（121 522 entries）. This paper introduces the survey design, the observational and instrumental limitations, data reduction and analysis, and some caveats. A description of the FITS structure of spectral files and parameter catalogs is also provided.
