Tuberculosis has become a major public health and social problem threatening human health, and a large proportion of pulmonary tuberculosis patients are associated with tuberculous pleurisy (TP). Therefore, it is of g...Tuberculosis has become a major public health and social problem threatening human health, and a large proportion of pulmonary tuberculosis patients are associated with tuberculous pleurisy (TP). Therefore, it is of great significance to find markers with high specificity and sensitivity for the rapid and accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of TP under the severe background of high infectivity and mortality due to the occult nature of TP. The extraction of microRNA (miRNA) from pleural effusion satisfies the characteristics of strong operability. miRNA exists not only in cells, but also in various body fluids and participates in the pathophysiological process of various diseases including infectious diseases. miRNA is a highly specific biomarker in pleural fluid in patients with TP. Therefore, this article provides a review of the research progress of mRNA in tuberculous pleurisy.展开更多
Continuous de novo fatty acid synthesis is required for the biosynthetic demands of tumor.FBXW7 is a highly mutated gene in CRC,but its biological functions in cancer are not fully characterized.Here,we report that FB...Continuous de novo fatty acid synthesis is required for the biosynthetic demands of tumor.FBXW7 is a highly mutated gene in CRC,but its biological functions in cancer are not fully characterized.Here,we report that FBXW7β,a FBXW7 isoform located in the cytoplasm and frequently mutated in CRC,is an E3 ligase of fatty acid synthase(FASN).Cancer-specific FBXW7βmutations that could not degrade FASN can lead to sustained lipogenesis in CRC.COP9 signalosome subunit 6(CSN6),an oncogenic marker of CRC,increases lipogenesis via interacting with and stabilizing FASN.Mechanistic studies show that CSN6 associates with both FBXW7βand FASN,and antagonizes FBXW7β’s activity by enhancing FBXW7βautoubiquitination and degradation,which in turn prevents FBXW7β-mediated FASN ubiquitination and degradation,thereby regulating lipogenesis positively.Both CSN6 and FASN are positively correlated in CRC,and CSN6-FASN axis,regulated by EGF,is responsible for poor prognosis of CRC.The EGF-CSN6-FASN axis promotes tumor growth and implies a treatment strategy of combination of orlistat and cetuximab.Patient-derived xenograft experiments prove the effectiveness of employing orlistat and cetuximab combination in suppressing tumor growth for CSN6/FASN-high CRC.Thus,CSN6-FASN axis reprograms lipogenesis to promote tumor growth and is a target for cancer intervening strategy in CRC.展开更多
AIM: To identify the differential proteins associated with colorectal cancer genesis and hepatic metastasis.METHODS: Hydrophobic protein samples were extracted from normal colorectal mucosa, primary cancer lesion and ...AIM: To identify the differential proteins associated with colorectal cancer genesis and hepatic metastasis.METHODS: Hydrophobic protein samples were extracted from normal colorectal mucosa, primary cancer lesion and hepatic metastatic foci of colorectal cancer. With twodimensional electrophoresis and image analysis,differentially expressed protein spots were detected, and the proteins were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry and peptide mass fingerprint analysis.RESULTS: Significant alterations of the proteins in number and expression levels were discovered in primary cancer and hepatic metastatic foci, the expression of a number of proteins was lost in 25-40 ku, but protein spots was increased in 14-21ku, compared with normal mucosa. Nine differentially expressed protein spots were identified. Three proteins expressed in normal mucosa, but lost in primary cancer and hepatic metastasis, were recognized as calmodulin, ribonuclease 6 precursor and mannosidase-α.Proapolipoprotein was expressed progressively from normal mucosa to primary cancer and hepatic metastasis. The differentially expressed protein of beta-globin was found in normal mucosa and hepatic metastatic tumor, but lost in primary cancer lesion. Cdc 42, a GTP-binding protein, was identified in hepatic metastasis. The protein spots of C4 from primary cancer, M7 and M9 from hepatic metastasis had less homology with the proteins in database.CONCLUSION: Variations of hydrophobic protein expression in colorectal cancer initiation and hepatic metastasis are significant and can be observed with two-dimensional electrophoresis. The expression of calmodulin, ribonuclease 6 precursor and mannosidase-α is lost but the expression of proapolipoprotein is enhanced which is associated with colorectal cancer genesis and hepatic metastasis. Cdc 42 and beta-globin are expressed abnormally in hepatic metastasis. Protein C4, M7 and M9 may be associated with colorectal cancer genesis and hepatic metastasis.展开更多
Recently, a track-similarity-based Dynamical-Statistical Ensemble Forecast(LTP_DSEF) model has been developed in an attempt to predict heavy rainfall from Landfalling Tropical cyclones(LTCs). In this study, the LTP_DS...Recently, a track-similarity-based Dynamical-Statistical Ensemble Forecast(LTP_DSEF) model has been developed in an attempt to predict heavy rainfall from Landfalling Tropical cyclones(LTCs). In this study, the LTP_DSEF model is applied to predicting heavy precipitation associated with 10 LTCs occurring over China in 2018. The best forecast scheme of the model with optimized parameters is obtained after testing 3452 different schemes for the 10 LTCs. Then, its performance is compared to that of three operational dynamical models. Results show that the LTP_DSEF model has advantages over the three dynamical models in predicting heavy precipitation accumulated after landfall, especially for rainfall amounts greater than 250 mm. The model also provides superior or slightly inferior heavy rainfall forecast performance for individual LTCs compared to the three dynamical models. In particular, the LTP_DSEF model can predict heavy rainfall with valuable threat scores associated with certain LTCs, which is not possible with the three dynamical models. Moreover, the model can reasonably capture the distribution of heavier accumulated rainfall, albeit with widespread coverage compared to observations. The preliminary results suggest that the LTP_DSEF model can provide useful forecast guidance for heavy accumulated rainfall of LTCs despite its limited variables included in the model.展开更多
Three-dimensional-structured metal oxides have myriad applications for optoelectronic devices.Comparing to conventional lithography-based manufacturing methods which face significant challenges for 3D device architect...Three-dimensional-structured metal oxides have myriad applications for optoelectronic devices.Comparing to conventional lithography-based manufacturing methods which face significant challenges for 3D device architectures,additive manufacturing approaches such as direct ink writing offer convenient,on-demand manufacturing of 3D oxides with high resolutions down to sub-micrometer scales.However,the lack of a universal ink design strategy greatly limits the choices of printable oxides.Here,a universal,facile synthetic strategy is developed for direct ink writable polymer precursor inks based on metal-polymer coordination effect.Specifically,polyethyleneimine functionalized by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is employed as the polymer matrix for adsorbing targeted metal ions.Next,glucose is introduced as a crosslinker for endowing the polymer precursor inks with a thermosetting property required for 3D printing via the Maillard reaction.For demonstrations,binary(i.e.,ZnO,CuO,In_(2)O_(3),Ga_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and Y_(2)O_(3)) and ternary metal oxides(i.e.,BaTiO_(3) and SrTiO_(3)) are printed into 3D architectures with sub-micrometer resolution by extruding the inks through ultrafine nozzles.Upon thermal crosslinking and pyrolysis,the 3D microarchitectures with woodpile geometries exhibit strong light-matter coupling in the mid-infrared region.The design strategy for printable inks opens a new pathway toward 3D-printed optoelectronic devices based on functional oxides.展开更多
Nanoscale low-dimensional chiral architectures are increasingly receiving scientific interest,because of their potential applications in many fields such as chiral recognition,separation and transformation.Using 6,12-...Nanoscale low-dimensional chiral architectures are increasingly receiving scientific interest,because of their potential applications in many fields such as chiral recognition,separation and transformation.Using 6,12-dibromochrysene(DBCh),we successfully constructed and characterized the large-area two-dimensional chiral networks on Au(111)and one-dimensional metal-liganded chiral chains on Cu(111)respectively.The reasons and processes of chiral transformation of chiral networks on Au(111)were analyzed.We used scanning tunneling spectroscopy(STS)to analyze the electronic state information of this chiral structure.This work combines scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)with non-contact atomic force microscopy(nc-AFM)techniques to achieve ultra-high-resolution characterization of chiral structures on low-dimensional surfaces,which may be applied to the bond analysis of functional nanofilms.Density functional theory(DFT)was used to simulate the adsorption behavior of the molecular and energy analysis in order to verify the experimental results.展开更多
文摘Tuberculosis has become a major public health and social problem threatening human health, and a large proportion of pulmonary tuberculosis patients are associated with tuberculous pleurisy (TP). Therefore, it is of great significance to find markers with high specificity and sensitivity for the rapid and accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of TP under the severe background of high infectivity and mortality due to the occult nature of TP. The extraction of microRNA (miRNA) from pleural effusion satisfies the characteristics of strong operability. miRNA exists not only in cells, but also in various body fluids and participates in the pathophysiological process of various diseases including infectious diseases. miRNA is a highly specific biomarker in pleural fluid in patients with TP. Therefore, this article provides a review of the research progress of mRNA in tuberculous pleurisy.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0803300),the Basic and Applied Basic Research Program of Guangzhou City(202102020084)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Program of Guangdong Province(2023A1515030245),the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2021A1515012081)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81630072)the Guangzhou Science and Technology Program Project(202206010167).
文摘Continuous de novo fatty acid synthesis is required for the biosynthetic demands of tumor.FBXW7 is a highly mutated gene in CRC,but its biological functions in cancer are not fully characterized.Here,we report that FBXW7β,a FBXW7 isoform located in the cytoplasm and frequently mutated in CRC,is an E3 ligase of fatty acid synthase(FASN).Cancer-specific FBXW7βmutations that could not degrade FASN can lead to sustained lipogenesis in CRC.COP9 signalosome subunit 6(CSN6),an oncogenic marker of CRC,increases lipogenesis via interacting with and stabilizing FASN.Mechanistic studies show that CSN6 associates with both FBXW7βand FASN,and antagonizes FBXW7β’s activity by enhancing FBXW7βautoubiquitination and degradation,which in turn prevents FBXW7β-mediated FASN ubiquitination and degradation,thereby regulating lipogenesis positively.Both CSN6 and FASN are positively correlated in CRC,and CSN6-FASN axis,regulated by EGF,is responsible for poor prognosis of CRC.The EGF-CSN6-FASN axis promotes tumor growth and implies a treatment strategy of combination of orlistat and cetuximab.Patient-derived xenograft experiments prove the effectiveness of employing orlistat and cetuximab combination in suppressing tumor growth for CSN6/FASN-high CRC.Thus,CSN6-FASN axis reprograms lipogenesis to promote tumor growth and is a target for cancer intervening strategy in CRC.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30070747 and No.30271279
文摘AIM: To identify the differential proteins associated with colorectal cancer genesis and hepatic metastasis.METHODS: Hydrophobic protein samples were extracted from normal colorectal mucosa, primary cancer lesion and hepatic metastatic foci of colorectal cancer. With twodimensional electrophoresis and image analysis,differentially expressed protein spots were detected, and the proteins were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry and peptide mass fingerprint analysis.RESULTS: Significant alterations of the proteins in number and expression levels were discovered in primary cancer and hepatic metastatic foci, the expression of a number of proteins was lost in 25-40 ku, but protein spots was increased in 14-21ku, compared with normal mucosa. Nine differentially expressed protein spots were identified. Three proteins expressed in normal mucosa, but lost in primary cancer and hepatic metastasis, were recognized as calmodulin, ribonuclease 6 precursor and mannosidase-α.Proapolipoprotein was expressed progressively from normal mucosa to primary cancer and hepatic metastasis. The differentially expressed protein of beta-globin was found in normal mucosa and hepatic metastatic tumor, but lost in primary cancer lesion. Cdc 42, a GTP-binding protein, was identified in hepatic metastasis. The protein spots of C4 from primary cancer, M7 and M9 from hepatic metastasis had less homology with the proteins in database.CONCLUSION: Variations of hydrophobic protein expression in colorectal cancer initiation and hepatic metastasis are significant and can be observed with two-dimensional electrophoresis. The expression of calmodulin, ribonuclease 6 precursor and mannosidase-α is lost but the expression of proapolipoprotein is enhanced which is associated with colorectal cancer genesis and hepatic metastasis. Cdc 42 and beta-globin are expressed abnormally in hepatic metastasis. Protein C4, M7 and M9 may be associated with colorectal cancer genesis and hepatic metastasis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41675042)the Hainan Provincial Key R & D Program of China (Grant No. SQ2019KJHZ0028)+1 种基金the National Key R & D Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFC1507703)the Project “Dynamical-Statistical Ensemble Technique for Predicting Landfalling Tropical Cyclones Precipitation”
文摘Recently, a track-similarity-based Dynamical-Statistical Ensemble Forecast(LTP_DSEF) model has been developed in an attempt to predict heavy rainfall from Landfalling Tropical cyclones(LTCs). In this study, the LTP_DSEF model is applied to predicting heavy precipitation associated with 10 LTCs occurring over China in 2018. The best forecast scheme of the model with optimized parameters is obtained after testing 3452 different schemes for the 10 LTCs. Then, its performance is compared to that of three operational dynamical models. Results show that the LTP_DSEF model has advantages over the three dynamical models in predicting heavy precipitation accumulated after landfall, especially for rainfall amounts greater than 250 mm. The model also provides superior or slightly inferior heavy rainfall forecast performance for individual LTCs compared to the three dynamical models. In particular, the LTP_DSEF model can predict heavy rainfall with valuable threat scores associated with certain LTCs, which is not possible with the three dynamical models. Moreover, the model can reasonably capture the distribution of heavier accumulated rainfall, albeit with widespread coverage compared to observations. The preliminary results suggest that the LTP_DSEF model can provide useful forecast guidance for heavy accumulated rainfall of LTCs despite its limited variables included in the model.
基金financial support of this research by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51905446)the Research Center for Industries of the Future (RCIF) at Westlake University for partially supporting this work。
文摘Three-dimensional-structured metal oxides have myriad applications for optoelectronic devices.Comparing to conventional lithography-based manufacturing methods which face significant challenges for 3D device architectures,additive manufacturing approaches such as direct ink writing offer convenient,on-demand manufacturing of 3D oxides with high resolutions down to sub-micrometer scales.However,the lack of a universal ink design strategy greatly limits the choices of printable oxides.Here,a universal,facile synthetic strategy is developed for direct ink writable polymer precursor inks based on metal-polymer coordination effect.Specifically,polyethyleneimine functionalized by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is employed as the polymer matrix for adsorbing targeted metal ions.Next,glucose is introduced as a crosslinker for endowing the polymer precursor inks with a thermosetting property required for 3D printing via the Maillard reaction.For demonstrations,binary(i.e.,ZnO,CuO,In_(2)O_(3),Ga_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and Y_(2)O_(3)) and ternary metal oxides(i.e.,BaTiO_(3) and SrTiO_(3)) are printed into 3D architectures with sub-micrometer resolution by extruding the inks through ultrafine nozzles.Upon thermal crosslinking and pyrolysis,the 3D microarchitectures with woodpile geometries exhibit strong light-matter coupling in the mid-infrared region.The design strategy for printable inks opens a new pathway toward 3D-printed optoelectronic devices based on functional oxides.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51861020,61901200 and 12064020)the National Recruitment Program for Young Professionals(No.132310976002)+4 种基金the Yunnan Province Science and Technology Plan Project(No.2019FD041)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB30010000)the Reserve Talents for Yunnan Young and Middle Aged Academic and Technical Leaders(No.2017HB010)the Yunnan Province for Recruiting High-Caliber Technological Talents(No.1097816002)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(No.202101AU070043).
文摘Nanoscale low-dimensional chiral architectures are increasingly receiving scientific interest,because of their potential applications in many fields such as chiral recognition,separation and transformation.Using 6,12-dibromochrysene(DBCh),we successfully constructed and characterized the large-area two-dimensional chiral networks on Au(111)and one-dimensional metal-liganded chiral chains on Cu(111)respectively.The reasons and processes of chiral transformation of chiral networks on Au(111)were analyzed.We used scanning tunneling spectroscopy(STS)to analyze the electronic state information of this chiral structure.This work combines scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)with non-contact atomic force microscopy(nc-AFM)techniques to achieve ultra-high-resolution characterization of chiral structures on low-dimensional surfaces,which may be applied to the bond analysis of functional nanofilms.Density functional theory(DFT)was used to simulate the adsorption behavior of the molecular and energy analysis in order to verify the experimental results.
