●AIM:To identify disease-causative mutations in families with congenital cataract.●METHODS:Two Chinese families with autosomaldominant congenital cataract(ADCC)were recruited and underwent comprehensive eye examinat...●AIM:To identify disease-causative mutations in families with congenital cataract.●METHODS:Two Chinese families with autosomaldominant congenital cataract(ADCC)were recruited and underwent comprehensive eye examinations.Gene panel next-generation sequencing of common pathogenic genes of congenital cataract was performed in the proband of each family.Sanger sequencing was used to valid the candidate gene mutations and sequence the other family members for co-segregation analysis.The effect of sequence changes on protein structure and function was predicted through bioinformatics analysis.Major intrinsic protein(MIP)-wildtype and MIP-G29R plasmids were constructed and microinjected into zebrafish single-cell stage embryos.Zebrafish embryonic lens phenotypes were screened using confocal microscopy.●RESULTS:A novel heterozygous mutation(c.85G>A;p.G29R)in the MIP gene was identified in the proband of one family.A known heterozygous mutation(c.97C>T;p.R33C;rs864309693)in MIP was found in the proband of another family.In-silico prediction indicated that the novel mutation might affect the MIP protein function.Zebrafish embryonic lens was uniformly transparent in both wild-type PCS2+MIP and mutant PCS2+MIP.●CONCLUSION:Two missense mutations in the MIP gene in Chinese cataract families are identified,and one of which is novel.These findings expand the genetic spectrum of MIP mutations associated with cataracts.The functional studies suggest that the novel MIP mutation might not be a gain-of-function but a loss-of-function mutation.展开更多
ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES（AS2/LOB） genes are a family of plant specific transcription factors, which play an important role in the regulation of plant lateral organ development and metabolism. Howe...ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES（AS2/LOB） genes are a family of plant specific transcription factors, which play an important role in the regulation of plant lateral organ development and metabolism. However, a genome-wide analysis of the AS2/LOB gene family is still not available for barley. In the present study, 24 AS2-like（ASL）/LOB domain（LBD） genes were identified based on the barley（Hordeum vulgare L.） genome sequence. A phylogenetic tree of ASL/LBD proteins from barley, Arabidopsis, maize, and rice was constructed. The ASL/LBD genes were classified into two classes, class I and class II, which were divided into five and two subgroups, respectively. Genes homologous in barley and Arabidopsis were analyzed. In addition, the structure and chromosomal locations of the genes were analyzed. Expression profiles indicated that barley HvA SL/LBD genes exhibit a variety of expression patterns, suggesting that they are involved in various aspects of physiological and developmental processes. This genome-wide analysis of the barley AS2/LOB gene family contributes to our understanding of the functions of the AS2/LOB gene family.展开更多
AIM: To investigate clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) and liver cirrhosis(LC) patients under whole-course management with lamivudine(LAM). METHODS: This was a retrospective-prospective cohort study based o...AIM: To investigate clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) and liver cirrhosis(LC) patients under whole-course management with lamivudine(LAM). METHODS: This was a retrospective-prospective cohort study based on two nonrandom cohorts of Chinese patients(LAM group and history control group). Two hundred thirty-eight patients with LAM treatment for at least 12 mo under whole-course management were included in the LAM group. The management measures included regular follow-up and timely adjustment of the therapeutic regimen according to drug-resistance and relapse. Two hundred thirtyeight patients with CHB or LC without any antiviral treatment and with follow-up over 12 mo were included in the history control group. The LAM and control group patients were 1:1 matched by propensity score method to ensure both patients were similar in general datum,sex,age,E antigen,and diagnosis. The incidence rates of endpoint events [LC,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and death] were compared between the LAM and control groups.RESULTS: Hepatitis B virus-DNA < 1000 copies per m L rate and rate of alanine transaminase < 1.3 of theupper normal limit in LAM and control groups were 89.1% vs 18.5%(P < 0.05) and 89.8% vs 31.1%(P < 0.05),respectively. Viral breakthrough occurred in 77 patients(32.4%); the one-,three-,and fiveyear cumulative rates were 6.8%,33.1%,and 41.3%,respectively. In total,44.5%(106/238) of patients had once stopped LAM,and 63(59.4%) of them developed virologic relapse; the relapse rate of patients with and without reaching Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver endpoint criteria were 52.4% and 69.8%,respectively. Six CHB patients in the LAM group developed LC compared to 47 patients in the control group; the three-,and five-year cumulative rates of CHB at baseline of LAM were lower than those of the control group: 0.7% vs 12.0% and 1.8% vs 23.8%(P < 0.01),respectively. The incidence of HCC in CHB at baseline of LAM was lower than that of the control group; the three-,and five-year cumulative rates w展开更多
Based on comparative analysis on hydrochemical characteristics of geothermal water in the north part of Liaokao fault,this research focuses on studying the indicative significance of hydrochemical characteristics for ...Based on comparative analysis on hydrochemical characteristics of geothermal water in the north part of Liaokao fault,this research focuses on studying the indicative significance of hydrochemical characteristics for the formation of geothermal water.The result shows that:(1)There is no obvious hydraulic connection between the karst geothermal water(occurred in the east part of the Liaokao fault)and the sandstone geothermal water(occurred in the west part of Liaokao fault).(2)In a close hydrological environment,caused by tectonic activities,geothermal water remains longer time in reservoir,hence the water-rock interaction is more complete,with high degree of concentrations,whereas the renewable capacity of the water is weaker.(3)There is no high temperature mantle source fluid mixed in the geothermal water.Karst geothermal water occurred deep circulatory convection along Liaokao fault and its secondary fault,therefore there is deep crust source fluid added into the geothermal water,closer to the Liaokao fault,the greater affected by the deep crust fluid.However,sandstone geothermal water has weak deep circulatory convection.展开更多
The noncollinear interaction of guided optical waves with magnetostatic waves under inclined bias magnetic field is theoretically studied in detail. Similar approach can also be applied to the collinear interaction. C...The noncollinear interaction of guided optical waves with magnetostatic waves under inclined bias magnetic field is theoretically studied in detail. Similar approach can also be applied to the collinear interaction. Calculation results indicate that the diffraction efficiency (DE) in magnitude is equal to the mode-conversion efficiency (MCE) under vertical bias magnetic field, but they differ greatly under inclined bias magnetic field. By comparison to the case of vertical magnetization, the DE or the MCE can be greatly increased under inclined magnetic field. The characteristic of the DE curves obtained is basically in agreement with the experimental result.展开更多
Intelligent control of dispersion management and tunable comb filtering in optical network appfications can be performed by using magneto-optic fiber Bragg gratings （MFBGs）. When a nonuniform magnetic field is appli...Intelligent control of dispersion management and tunable comb filtering in optical network appfications can be performed by using magneto-optic fiber Bragg gratings （MFBGs）. When a nonuniform magnetic field is applied to the MFBG with a constant grating period, the resulting grating response is equivalent to that of a conventional chirped grating. Under a linearly nonuniform magnetic field along the grating, a linear dispersion is achieved in the grating bandgap and the maximal dispersion slope can come to 1260ps/nm2 for a l0-mm-long fiber grating at 1550nm window. Similarly, a Gaussian-apodizing sarnpled MFBG is also useful for magnetically tunable comb filtering, with potential application to clock recovery from return-to-zero optical signals and optical carrier tracking.展开更多
Background:Dementia is a group of nervous system diseases characterized by progressive cognitive decline,leading to a loss of self-care ability and a decline in well-being.This places a significant burden on the globa...Background:Dementia is a group of nervous system diseases characterized by progressive cognitive decline,leading to a loss of self-care ability and a decline in well-being.This places a significant burden on the global healthcare system,with Chinese patients accounting for approximately one-quarter of the world’s dementia cases.Therefore,it is crucial to identify factors that impact the quality of life(QOL)among elderly Chinese individuals with dementia.Method:To achieve this,we conducted a comprehensive search of several databases,including PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,the Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data,China VIP Database and China Biomedical Literature Database.We reviewed cross-sectional studies from the inception of these databases until March 27,2022.QOL outcomes were assessed using standardized scales in the studies included in this review.Results:The search yielded a total of 1,235 relevant articles,from which we finally included 21 cross-sectional studies and one longitudinal study after rigorous quality assessment.Among these,10 studies were classified as high quality,while 12 were classified as fair quality.Through our analysis,we identified 28 patient-rated QOL factors and 14 caregiver-rated QOL factors.These factors were categorized into three groups:patient,disease-related and caregiver.Factors commonly found to influence patient-rated QOL included age,education,marital status,depression,self-care ability,dementia severity,cognitive function,behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and caregiver burden.Similarly,factors commonly influencing caregiver-rated QOL included economic status,depression,self-care ability,dementia severity,cognitive function,behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and caregiving time.Conclusion:This review clarifies the factors that influence the QOL of Chinese individuals with dementia.When implementing interventions,it is crucial to consider the differences between patient-rated QOL and caregiver-proxy-rated QOL,as展开更多
Magneto-optic fiber Bragg gratings （MFBG） based on magneto-optic materials have a lot of potential applications for sensing and optical signal processing. The transmission and reflection spectra of guided optical wa...Magneto-optic fiber Bragg gratings （MFBG） based on magneto-optic materials have a lot of potential applications for sensing and optical signal processing. The transmission and reflection spectra of guided optical waves in the MFBG are investigated. According to the sensitivity of MFBG spectral lines to the magneto-optic coupling intensity varying with applied magnetic field, a novel magnetic field sensor of high-resolution up to 0.01 nm/（kA/m） is predicted.展开更多
Subdiaphragmatic abscess is the accumulation of pus in the space between the diaphragm and the transverse colon and its mesentery.[1]Subdiaphragmatic abscess is clinically characterized by fever and local pain.Its cli...Subdiaphragmatic abscess is the accumulation of pus in the space between the diaphragm and the transverse colon and its mesentery.[1]Subdiaphragmatic abscess is clinically characterized by fever and local pain.Its clinical manifestations are often vague and diverse,and its symptoms and signs together constitute thoracoabdominal syndrome,leading to delayed diagnosis and a high incidence rate and mortality.[2]Subdiaphragmatic abscess is often secondary to acute peritonitis or remote infection with hematogenous dissemination.The bacteriological characteristics of these abscesses include aerobic and facultative bacteria,such as Escherichia coli,group D Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus,as well as less common anaerobic organisms,such as Bacteroides.展开更多
Unconditional and conditional QTL mapping were conducted for growth duration (GD), plant height (PH) and effective panicle number per plant (PN) using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross be...Unconditional and conditional QTL mapping were conducted for growth duration (GD), plant height (PH) and effective panicle number per plant (PN) using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between two japonica rice varieties Xiushui 79 and C Bao. The RIL population consisted of 254 lines was planted in two environments, Nanjing and Sihong, Jiangsu Province, China. Results showed that additive effects were major in all of QTLs for GD, PH and PN detected by the two methods, and the epistatic effects explained a small proportion of phenotypic variation. No interactions were detected between additive QTL and environment, and between epistatic QTL pairs and environment. After growth duration was adjusted to an identical level, RM80-160bp was detected as an applicable elite allele for PN, with an additive effect of 0.71. When effective panicle number per plant was adjusted to an identical level, RM448-240bp was detected as an applicable elite allele for GD, with an additive effect of 4.64. After plant height was adjusted to an identical level, RM80-160bp was detected as an applicable elite allele for PN, with an additive effect of 0.62, and RM448-240bp was detected as an applicable elite allele for GD, with an additive effect of 3.89. These applicable elite alleles could be used to improve target traits without influencing the other two traits.展开更多
Poliumoside is representative of phenylethanoid glycosides, which are widely found in many plants. Poliumoside is also regarded as the main active component of Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun(CK), though its oral bioav...Poliumoside is representative of phenylethanoid glycosides, which are widely found in many plants. Poliumoside is also regarded as the main active component of Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun(CK), though its oral bioavailability in rat is extremely low(0.69%) and its in vivo and in vitro metabolism has not yet been systematically investigated. In the present study, an ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) method was employed to identify the metabolites and investigate the metabolic pathways of poliumoside in rat after oral administration 1.5 g·kg–1 of poliumoside. As a result, a total of 34 metabolites(30 from urine, 17 from plasma, and 4 from bile) and 9 possible metabolic pathways(rearrangment, reduction, hydration, hydrolyzation, dehydration, methylation, hydroxylation, acetylation, and sulfation) were proposed in vivo. The main metabolite, acteoside, was quantified after incubated with rat intestinal bacteria in vitro. In conclusion, the present study systematically explored the metabolites of poliumoside in vivo and in vitro, proposing metabolic pathways that may be significant for further metabolic studies of poliumoside.展开更多
Developing mathematical models for high Knudsen number(Kn)flow for isotopic gas fractionation in tight sedimentary rocks is still challenging.In this study,carbon isotopic reversals(δ^(13)C_(1)>δ^(13)C_(2))were f...Developing mathematical models for high Knudsen number(Kn)flow for isotopic gas fractionation in tight sedimentary rocks is still challenging.In this study,carbon isotopic reversals(δ^(13)C_(1)>δ^(13)C_(2))were found for four Longmaxi shale samples based on gas degassing experiments.Gas in shale with higher gas content exhibits larger reversal.Then,a mathematical model was developed to simulate the carbon isotopic reversals of methane and ethane.This model is based on these hypotheses:(i)diffusion flow is dominating during gas transport process;(ii)diffusion coefficients are nonlinear depending on concentration gradient.Our model not only shows a good agreement with isotopic reversals,but also well predicts gas production rates by selecting appropriate exponents m and m^(*) of gas pressure gradient,where m is for ^(12)C and m^(*)is for ^(13)C.Moreover,the(m−m^(*))value has a positive correlation with fractionation level.(m1−m1^(*))of methane are much higher than that of ethane.Finally,the predicted carbon isotopic reversal magnitude(δ^(13)C_(1)−δ^(13)C_(2))exhibits a positive relationship with total gas content since gas in shale with higher gas content experiences a more extensive high Kn number diffusion flow.As a result,our model demonstrates an impressive agreement with the experimental carbon isotopic reversal data.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of T-006(tetramethylpyrazine derivative)in promotingα-Synuclein(α-Syn)degradation and evaluated the neuroprotective effects in cellular and animalα-Syn model of Parkinson diseas...OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of T-006(tetramethylpyrazine derivative)in promotingα-Synuclein(α-Syn)degradation and evaluated the neuroprotective effects in cellular and animalα-Syn model of Parkinson disease(PD).METHODS The inducible PC12 cells overexpressingα-syn and the homozygous transgenic(Tg)mice expressing A53T humanα-syn were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of T-006.For cellular study,MTT,Western blotting,proteasomal activity assay and qRT-PCR were applied to analyze the pharmacological effects and underlying mecha⁃nisms.The gene knock-down and overexpression approaches were used to dissect the molecular signaling pathways.For animal study,ten-month-old homozygousα-Syn Tg mice were treated with T-006(3 mg·kg-1)daily by gavage for four weeks.The Western blotting,immunohistochemistry and behavioral tests were applied to determine the neuropatho⁃logical changes.RESULTS T-006 promoted the degradation of WT and mutantα-Syn in PC12α-Syn inducible cells via an ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS)dependent and autophagy-lysosome pathway independent manner.The mecha⁃nism of action involved the upregulation of 20S proteasome subunit LMP7 expression,which leads to activation of the chymotrypsin-like proteasomal activity for protein degradation.Mechanistically,we demonstrated that T-006 activated PKA/Akt/mTOR pathway upstream for LMP 7 up-regulation and UPS activation.Finally,we illustrated that T-006 promoted both Triton-soluble and-insoluble forms ofα-syn and protected againstα-Syn-induced neurotoxicity in A53Tα-Syn Tg mice.CONCLUSION T-006 is a potent UPS activator which promotes the degradation of pathogenic proteinα-Syn in cellular and animal PD models.Our study thus high-lights the therapeutic potential of small molecular UPS activator like T-006 in the treatment of PD and related conditions.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a fatal neurodegenerative dis⁃ease characterized by progressive loss of upper and lower motor neurons that results in skeletal muscle atrophy,weakness and paralysis.Oxida...OBJECTIVE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a fatal neurodegenerative dis⁃ease characterized by progressive loss of upper and lower motor neurons that results in skeletal muscle atrophy,weakness and paralysis.Oxida⁃tive stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ALS,including familial forms of the disease arising from mutation of the gene coding for superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1).Moreover,although the pathogenesis of ALS is unclear,the abnormal accumulation of TAR DNA-binding pro⁃tein of 43 ku(TDP-43)is a pathological feature that exists in almost all patients.Thus far,there is no drug that can cure ALS/FTLD.Tetramethyl⁃pyrazine nitrone(TBN)is a derivative of tetra⁃methylapyrazine,derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Ligusticum chuanxiong,which has been widely proven to have therapeutic effects on models of various neurodegenerative diseases.TBN is currently under clinical investi⁃gation for several indications including a phaseⅡtrial of ALS.Here,we explored the therapeutic effect of TBN in the SOD1G93A and TDP-43M337V ALS mouse model.METHODS In the SOD1G93A transgenic mouse model,TBN was administered to mice by intraperitoneal or intragastric injection after the onset of motor deficits.At the same time,we unilaterally and bilaterally injected the TDP-43M337V virus into the striatum of the WT mouse,and gave the TBN treatment after the mice developed a phenotype.After administering these two models for a period of time,we con⁃ducted behavioral tests,including rotarod test,balance beam test,climbing pole test,etc,to evaluate the efficacy of TBN on SOD1G93A and TDP-43M337V models.Furthermore,we explored the possible mechanism of action of TBN in the treatment of ALS through Western blotting and immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence staining analysis.RESULTS In the SOD1G93A transgenic mouse model,TBN slowed the pro⁃gression of motor neuron disease as evidenced by improved motor performance,reduced spinal motor neuron loss and the associated glial response,and decreased skeletal muscl展开更多
Microwave magneto-optic （MO） modulators can directly transform radio frequency （RF） signals into optical data through the Bragg diffraction of guided optical waves （GOWs） induced by microwave magneto-static wav...Microwave magneto-optic （MO） modulators can directly transform radio frequency （RF） signals into optical data through the Bragg diffraction of guided optical waves （GOWs） induced by microwave magneto-static waves （MSWs）. According to the MO coupled-mode theory, the modulation of continuous GOWs by a rectangular magneto-static-forwardvolume-wave （MSFVW） pulse in MO film waveguide is studied in the small signal case and the modulated optical pulse at the output is analyzed by means of an analytical form, which is dependent on the instantaneous diffraction intensity determined by the overlap of rectangular MSFVW pulse and light beam aperture. On the basis of it, the characteristics of MSFVW-based MO modulators can be explained well for the case of rectangular pulse modulation. It is also shown that the line codes of optical data generated by MO Bragg modulators can be controlled by adjusting the duty factor of modulating pulse signals.展开更多
Objective:To observe the TCM(Traditonal Chinese Medcine)syndromes effect and safety of Shujinjianyao Pill in the treatment of LSS(Lumbar Spinal Stenosis)(Ganshenbuzu and Fengshiyuzu Syndrome).Methods:120 LSS patients ...Objective:To observe the TCM(Traditonal Chinese Medcine)syndromes effect and safety of Shujinjianyao Pill in the treatment of LSS(Lumbar Spinal Stenosis)(Ganshenbuzu and Fengshiyuzu Syndrome).Methods:120 LSS patients fit the inclusion criteria were separated into two groups,90 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group.No significant difference was existed in the basic data between the two groups.The experimental group was given Shujinjianyao Pill and Danlutongdu Tablet Simulator orally,while the control group was given Shujinjianyao Pill Simulator and Danlutongdu Tablet orally for 4 weeks.The VAS score,total TCM(Traditonal Chinese Medcine)syndrome score and single TCM symptom score on day 0,14 and 28 were observed,and adverse reactions were recorded.Result:There were significant differences in total TCM syndrome score between the two groups at baseline,14 day and 28 day(P<0.01).There was a significant difference in total TCM syndrome score between the two groups at 28 day(P<0.05).Significant differences were existed between this two groups in total effective rate of total TCM syndromes and waist-knee pain-weak in single TCM syndromes on the 28 day(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events and serious adverse events between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Shujinjianyao Pill is effective on TCM syndromes in the treatment of Ganshenbuzu and fengshiyuzu syndrome LSS,especially in improving the score of total TCM syndromes and waist-knee pain-weak of single TCM syndrome,and has high safety.展开更多
Sulfuric acid was used in the pretreatment of corn stover to obtain xylose as a value-added by-product,and the pretreated corn stover(Pre-CS)was hydrolyzed to produce glucose for butanol fermentation.The aim of this w...Sulfuric acid was used in the pretreatment of corn stover to obtain xylose as a value-added by-product,and the pretreated corn stover(Pre-CS)was hydrolyzed to produce glucose for butanol fermentation.The aim of this work is to achieve high xylose accumulation and reduced wastewater by recycling the pretreatment solution.The pretreatment conditions were optimized as follows:180°C,15 min,1:7 solid-liquid ratio(w/w),0.6%H_(2)SO_(4)(w/w,first batch)/0.9%H_(2)SO_(4)(w/w,second and third batches),in which pretreatment solution was recycled for three times.Under above conditions,pretreatment solution containing 56.3 g/L xylose and 4.5 g/L glucose was obtained.Pre-CS residue was further hydrolyzed by cellulase to achieve 35.7-39.9 g/L glucose.The condensed corn stover hydrolysate was subjected to simultaneous detoxification and sterilization using 1%(w/w)activated carbon and then applied in butanol fermentation.The highest butanol titer of 9.5 g/L was obtained in 72 h.The results provide a practical approach for coproducing xylose and biobutanol from corn stover.展开更多
基金Supported by the Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(No.GJHZ20220913142618036,No.JCYJ20210324113610029).
文摘●AIM:To identify disease-causative mutations in families with congenital cataract.●METHODS:Two Chinese families with autosomaldominant congenital cataract(ADCC)were recruited and underwent comprehensive eye examinations.Gene panel next-generation sequencing of common pathogenic genes of congenital cataract was performed in the proband of each family.Sanger sequencing was used to valid the candidate gene mutations and sequence the other family members for co-segregation analysis.The effect of sequence changes on protein structure and function was predicted through bioinformatics analysis.Major intrinsic protein(MIP)-wildtype and MIP-G29R plasmids were constructed and microinjected into zebrafish single-cell stage embryos.Zebrafish embryonic lens phenotypes were screened using confocal microscopy.●RESULTS:A novel heterozygous mutation(c.85G>A;p.G29R)in the MIP gene was identified in the proband of one family.A known heterozygous mutation(c.97C>T;p.R33C;rs864309693)in MIP was found in the proband of another family.In-silico prediction indicated that the novel mutation might affect the MIP protein function.Zebrafish embryonic lens was uniformly transparent in both wild-type PCS2+MIP and mutant PCS2+MIP.●CONCLUSION:Two missense mutations in the MIP gene in Chinese cataract families are identified,and one of which is novel.These findings expand the genetic spectrum of MIP mutations associated with cataracts.The functional studies suggest that the novel MIP mutation might not be a gain-of-function but a loss-of-function mutation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31401370 and 31571648)the National Barley and Highland Barley Industrial Technology Specially Constructive Foundation of China(No.CARS-05)+2 种基金the Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund(No.CX(12)5084)Jiangsu Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(No.201611117090X)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China
文摘ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES（AS2/LOB） genes are a family of plant specific transcription factors, which play an important role in the regulation of plant lateral organ development and metabolism. However, a genome-wide analysis of the AS2/LOB gene family is still not available for barley. In the present study, 24 AS2-like（ASL）/LOB domain（LBD） genes were identified based on the barley（Hordeum vulgare L.） genome sequence. A phylogenetic tree of ASL/LBD proteins from barley, Arabidopsis, maize, and rice was constructed. The ASL/LBD genes were classified into two classes, class I and class II, which were divided into five and two subgroups, respectively. Genes homologous in barley and Arabidopsis were analyzed. In addition, the structure and chromosomal locations of the genes were analyzed. Expression profiles indicated that barley HvA SL/LBD genes exhibit a variety of expression patterns, suggesting that they are involved in various aspects of physiological and developmental processes. This genome-wide analysis of the barley AS2/LOB gene family contributes to our understanding of the functions of the AS2/LOB gene family.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of GuangxiNo.2014GXNSFDA118023
文摘AIM: To investigate clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) and liver cirrhosis(LC) patients under whole-course management with lamivudine(LAM). METHODS: This was a retrospective-prospective cohort study based on two nonrandom cohorts of Chinese patients(LAM group and history control group). Two hundred thirty-eight patients with LAM treatment for at least 12 mo under whole-course management were included in the LAM group. The management measures included regular follow-up and timely adjustment of the therapeutic regimen according to drug-resistance and relapse. Two hundred thirtyeight patients with CHB or LC without any antiviral treatment and with follow-up over 12 mo were included in the history control group. The LAM and control group patients were 1:1 matched by propensity score method to ensure both patients were similar in general datum,sex,age,E antigen,and diagnosis. The incidence rates of endpoint events [LC,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and death] were compared between the LAM and control groups.RESULTS: Hepatitis B virus-DNA < 1000 copies per m L rate and rate of alanine transaminase < 1.3 of theupper normal limit in LAM and control groups were 89.1% vs 18.5%(P < 0.05) and 89.8% vs 31.1%(P < 0.05),respectively. Viral breakthrough occurred in 77 patients(32.4%); the one-,three-,and fiveyear cumulative rates were 6.8%,33.1%,and 41.3%,respectively. In total,44.5%(106/238) of patients had once stopped LAM,and 63(59.4%) of them developed virologic relapse; the relapse rate of patients with and without reaching Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver endpoint criteria were 52.4% and 69.8%,respectively. Six CHB patients in the LAM group developed LC compared to 47 patients in the control group; the three-,and five-year cumulative rates of CHB at baseline of LAM were lower than those of the control group: 0.7% vs 12.0% and 1.8% vs 23.8%(P < 0.01),respectively. The incidence of HCC in CHB at baseline of LAM was lower than that of the control group; the three-,and five-year cumulative rates w
基金This research was financially supported by China Geological Survey Project(DD20189114,DD20190129)the Basic Scientific Research Project of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(JKY1722,YWF201903-01 and JYYWF20180501).
文摘Based on comparative analysis on hydrochemical characteristics of geothermal water in the north part of Liaokao fault,this research focuses on studying the indicative significance of hydrochemical characteristics for the formation of geothermal water.The result shows that:(1)There is no obvious hydraulic connection between the karst geothermal water(occurred in the east part of the Liaokao fault)and the sandstone geothermal water(occurred in the west part of Liaokao fault).(2)In a close hydrological environment,caused by tectonic activities,geothermal water remains longer time in reservoir,hence the water-rock interaction is more complete,with high degree of concentrations,whereas the renewable capacity of the water is weaker.(3)There is no high temperature mantle source fluid mixed in the geothermal water.Karst geothermal water occurred deep circulatory convection along Liaokao fault and its secondary fault,therefore there is deep crust source fluid added into the geothermal water,closer to the Liaokao fault,the greater affected by the deep crust fluid.However,sandstone geothermal water has weak deep circulatory convection.
文摘The noncollinear interaction of guided optical waves with magnetostatic waves under inclined bias magnetic field is theoretically studied in detail. Similar approach can also be applied to the collinear interaction. Calculation results indicate that the diffraction efficiency (DE) in magnitude is equal to the mode-conversion efficiency (MCE) under vertical bias magnetic field, but they differ greatly under inclined bias magnetic field. By comparison to the case of vertical magnetization, the DE or the MCE can be greatly increased under inclined magnetic field. The characteristic of the DE curves obtained is basically in agreement with the experimental result.
文摘Intelligent control of dispersion management and tunable comb filtering in optical network appfications can be performed by using magneto-optic fiber Bragg gratings （MFBGs）. When a nonuniform magnetic field is applied to the MFBG with a constant grating period, the resulting grating response is equivalent to that of a conventional chirped grating. Under a linearly nonuniform magnetic field along the grating, a linear dispersion is achieved in the grating bandgap and the maximal dispersion slope can come to 1260ps/nm2 for a l0-mm-long fiber grating at 1550nm window. Similarly, a Gaussian-apodizing sarnpled MFBG is also useful for magnetically tunable comb filtering, with potential application to clock recovery from return-to-zero optical signals and optical carrier tracking.
文摘Background:Dementia is a group of nervous system diseases characterized by progressive cognitive decline,leading to a loss of self-care ability and a decline in well-being.This places a significant burden on the global healthcare system,with Chinese patients accounting for approximately one-quarter of the world’s dementia cases.Therefore,it is crucial to identify factors that impact the quality of life(QOL)among elderly Chinese individuals with dementia.Method:To achieve this,we conducted a comprehensive search of several databases,including PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,the Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data,China VIP Database and China Biomedical Literature Database.We reviewed cross-sectional studies from the inception of these databases until March 27,2022.QOL outcomes were assessed using standardized scales in the studies included in this review.Results:The search yielded a total of 1,235 relevant articles,from which we finally included 21 cross-sectional studies and one longitudinal study after rigorous quality assessment.Among these,10 studies were classified as high quality,while 12 were classified as fair quality.Through our analysis,we identified 28 patient-rated QOL factors and 14 caregiver-rated QOL factors.These factors were categorized into three groups:patient,disease-related and caregiver.Factors commonly found to influence patient-rated QOL included age,education,marital status,depression,self-care ability,dementia severity,cognitive function,behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and caregiver burden.Similarly,factors commonly influencing caregiver-rated QOL included economic status,depression,self-care ability,dementia severity,cognitive function,behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and caregiving time.Conclusion:This review clarifies the factors that influence the QOL of Chinese individuals with dementia.When implementing interventions,it is crucial to consider the differences between patient-rated QOL and caregiver-proxy-rated QOL,as
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60671027the Application Basis Research Foundation of Sichuan Province under Grant No. 07JY029-089.
文摘Magneto-optic fiber Bragg gratings （MFBG） based on magneto-optic materials have a lot of potential applications for sensing and optical signal processing. The transmission and reflection spectra of guided optical waves in the MFBG are investigated. According to the sensitivity of MFBG spectral lines to the magneto-optic coupling intensity varying with applied magnetic field, a novel magnetic field sensor of high-resolution up to 0.01 nm/（kA/m） is predicted.
文摘Subdiaphragmatic abscess is the accumulation of pus in the space between the diaphragm and the transverse colon and its mesentery.[1]Subdiaphragmatic abscess is clinically characterized by fever and local pain.Its clinical manifestations are often vague and diverse,and its symptoms and signs together constitute thoracoabdominal syndrome,leading to delayed diagnosis and a high incidence rate and mortality.[2]Subdiaphragmatic abscess is often secondary to acute peritonitis or remote infection with hematogenous dissemination.The bacteriological characteristics of these abscesses include aerobic and facultative bacteria,such as Escherichia coli,group D Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus,as well as less common anaerobic organisms,such as Bacteroides.
基金supported by the Program of National High Technology Research and Development, Ministry of Science and Technology, China (Grant No. 2010AA101301)the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to University in China (Grant No. B08025)+1 种基金the Program of Introducing International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technology in China (Grant No. 2006-G8 [4]-31-1) the Program of Science-Technology Basis and Conditional Platform in China (Grant No. 505005)
文摘Unconditional and conditional QTL mapping were conducted for growth duration (GD), plant height (PH) and effective panicle number per plant (PN) using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between two japonica rice varieties Xiushui 79 and C Bao. The RIL population consisted of 254 lines was planted in two environments, Nanjing and Sihong, Jiangsu Province, China. Results showed that additive effects were major in all of QTLs for GD, PH and PN detected by the two methods, and the epistatic effects explained a small proportion of phenotypic variation. No interactions were detected between additive QTL and environment, and between epistatic QTL pairs and environment. After growth duration was adjusted to an identical level, RM80-160bp was detected as an applicable elite allele for PN, with an additive effect of 0.71. When effective panicle number per plant was adjusted to an identical level, RM448-240bp was detected as an applicable elite allele for GD, with an additive effect of 4.64. After plant height was adjusted to an identical level, RM80-160bp was detected as an applicable elite allele for PN, with an additive effect of 0.62, and RM448-240bp was detected as an applicable elite allele for GD, with an additive effect of 3.89. These applicable elite alleles could be used to improve target traits without influencing the other two traits.
文摘Poliumoside is representative of phenylethanoid glycosides, which are widely found in many plants. Poliumoside is also regarded as the main active component of Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun(CK), though its oral bioavailability in rat is extremely low(0.69%) and its in vivo and in vitro metabolism has not yet been systematically investigated. In the present study, an ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) method was employed to identify the metabolites and investigate the metabolic pathways of poliumoside in rat after oral administration 1.5 g·kg–1 of poliumoside. As a result, a total of 34 metabolites(30 from urine, 17 from plasma, and 4 from bile) and 9 possible metabolic pathways(rearrangment, reduction, hydration, hydrolyzation, dehydration, methylation, hydroxylation, acetylation, and sulfation) were proposed in vivo. The main metabolite, acteoside, was quantified after incubated with rat intestinal bacteria in vitro. In conclusion, the present study systematically explored the metabolites of poliumoside in vivo and in vitro, proposing metabolic pathways that may be significant for further metabolic studies of poliumoside.
基金support from Enterprise Innovation and Development Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China"Enrichment regularity and development mechanism of deep marine shale gas(U19B600303)"SINOPEC Science and Technology Department Project"Research on Precision Characterization of Shale Pore and Fluid Dynamic Monitoring Technology(P20059-8)"。
文摘Developing mathematical models for high Knudsen number(Kn)flow for isotopic gas fractionation in tight sedimentary rocks is still challenging.In this study,carbon isotopic reversals(δ^(13)C_(1)>δ^(13)C_(2))were found for four Longmaxi shale samples based on gas degassing experiments.Gas in shale with higher gas content exhibits larger reversal.Then,a mathematical model was developed to simulate the carbon isotopic reversals of methane and ethane.This model is based on these hypotheses:(i)diffusion flow is dominating during gas transport process;(ii)diffusion coefficients are nonlinear depending on concentration gradient.Our model not only shows a good agreement with isotopic reversals,but also well predicts gas production rates by selecting appropriate exponents m and m^(*) of gas pressure gradient,where m is for ^(12)C and m^(*)is for ^(13)C.Moreover,the(m−m^(*))value has a positive correlation with fractionation level.(m1−m1^(*))of methane are much higher than that of ethane.Finally,the predicted carbon isotopic reversal magnitude(δ^(13)C_(1)−δ^(13)C_(2))exhibits a positive relationship with total gas content since gas in shale with higher gas content experiences a more extensive high Kn number diffusion flow.As a result,our model demonstrates an impressive agreement with the experimental carbon isotopic reversal data.
基金Science and Technology Development Fund(FDCT)of Macao SAR(069/2015/A2134/2014/A3+4 种基金062-2017-AIR)Research Committee,University of Macao(MYRG2015-00182-ICMS-QRCMMYRG2015-00214-ICMSQRCMMYRG139(Y1-L4)-ICMS12-LMYand MYRG2016-00129-ICMS-QRCM)
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of T-006(tetramethylpyrazine derivative)in promotingα-Synuclein(α-Syn)degradation and evaluated the neuroprotective effects in cellular and animalα-Syn model of Parkinson disease(PD).METHODS The inducible PC12 cells overexpressingα-syn and the homozygous transgenic(Tg)mice expressing A53T humanα-syn were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of T-006.For cellular study,MTT,Western blotting,proteasomal activity assay and qRT-PCR were applied to analyze the pharmacological effects and underlying mecha⁃nisms.The gene knock-down and overexpression approaches were used to dissect the molecular signaling pathways.For animal study,ten-month-old homozygousα-Syn Tg mice were treated with T-006(3 mg·kg-1)daily by gavage for four weeks.The Western blotting,immunohistochemistry and behavioral tests were applied to determine the neuropatho⁃logical changes.RESULTS T-006 promoted the degradation of WT and mutantα-Syn in PC12α-Syn inducible cells via an ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS)dependent and autophagy-lysosome pathway independent manner.The mecha⁃nism of action involved the upregulation of 20S proteasome subunit LMP7 expression,which leads to activation of the chymotrypsin-like proteasomal activity for protein degradation.Mechanistically,we demonstrated that T-006 activated PKA/Akt/mTOR pathway upstream for LMP 7 up-regulation and UPS activation.Finally,we illustrated that T-006 promoted both Triton-soluble and-insoluble forms ofα-syn and protected againstα-Syn-induced neurotoxicity in A53Tα-Syn Tg mice.CONCLUSION T-006 is a potent UPS activator which promotes the degradation of pathogenic proteinα-Syn in cellular and animal PD models.Our study thus high-lights the therapeutic potential of small molecular UPS activator like T-006 in the treatment of PD and related conditions.
文摘OBJECTIVE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a fatal neurodegenerative dis⁃ease characterized by progressive loss of upper and lower motor neurons that results in skeletal muscle atrophy,weakness and paralysis.Oxida⁃tive stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ALS,including familial forms of the disease arising from mutation of the gene coding for superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1).Moreover,although the pathogenesis of ALS is unclear,the abnormal accumulation of TAR DNA-binding pro⁃tein of 43 ku(TDP-43)is a pathological feature that exists in almost all patients.Thus far,there is no drug that can cure ALS/FTLD.Tetramethyl⁃pyrazine nitrone(TBN)is a derivative of tetra⁃methylapyrazine,derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Ligusticum chuanxiong,which has been widely proven to have therapeutic effects on models of various neurodegenerative diseases.TBN is currently under clinical investi⁃gation for several indications including a phaseⅡtrial of ALS.Here,we explored the therapeutic effect of TBN in the SOD1G93A and TDP-43M337V ALS mouse model.METHODS In the SOD1G93A transgenic mouse model,TBN was administered to mice by intraperitoneal or intragastric injection after the onset of motor deficits.At the same time,we unilaterally and bilaterally injected the TDP-43M337V virus into the striatum of the WT mouse,and gave the TBN treatment after the mice developed a phenotype.After administering these two models for a period of time,we con⁃ducted behavioral tests,including rotarod test,balance beam test,climbing pole test,etc,to evaluate the efficacy of TBN on SOD1G93A and TDP-43M337V models.Furthermore,we explored the possible mechanism of action of TBN in the treatment of ALS through Western blotting and immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence staining analysis.RESULTS In the SOD1G93A transgenic mouse model,TBN slowed the pro⁃gression of motor neuron disease as evidenced by improved motor performance,reduced spinal motor neuron loss and the associated glial response,and decreased skeletal muscl
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 60671027the Application Basis Research Foundation of Sichuan Province under Grant No 07JY029-089
文摘Microwave magneto-optic （MO） modulators can directly transform radio frequency （RF） signals into optical data through the Bragg diffraction of guided optical waves （GOWs） induced by microwave magneto-static waves （MSWs）. According to the MO coupled-mode theory, the modulation of continuous GOWs by a rectangular magneto-static-forwardvolume-wave （MSFVW） pulse in MO film waveguide is studied in the small signal case and the modulated optical pulse at the output is analyzed by means of an analytical form, which is dependent on the instantaneous diffraction intensity determined by the overlap of rectangular MSFVW pulse and light beam aperture. On the basis of it, the characteristics of MSFVW-based MO modulators can be explained well for the case of rectangular pulse modulation. It is also shown that the line codes of optical data generated by MO Bragg modulators can be controlled by adjusting the duty factor of modulating pulse signals.
基金Guangdong science and technology plan project(No.2013A032500020)
文摘Objective:To observe the TCM(Traditonal Chinese Medcine)syndromes effect and safety of Shujinjianyao Pill in the treatment of LSS(Lumbar Spinal Stenosis)(Ganshenbuzu and Fengshiyuzu Syndrome).Methods:120 LSS patients fit the inclusion criteria were separated into two groups,90 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group.No significant difference was existed in the basic data between the two groups.The experimental group was given Shujinjianyao Pill and Danlutongdu Tablet Simulator orally,while the control group was given Shujinjianyao Pill Simulator and Danlutongdu Tablet orally for 4 weeks.The VAS score,total TCM(Traditonal Chinese Medcine)syndrome score and single TCM symptom score on day 0,14 and 28 were observed,and adverse reactions were recorded.Result:There were significant differences in total TCM syndrome score between the two groups at baseline,14 day and 28 day(P<0.01).There was a significant difference in total TCM syndrome score between the two groups at 28 day(P<0.05).Significant differences were existed between this two groups in total effective rate of total TCM syndromes and waist-knee pain-weak in single TCM syndromes on the 28 day(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events and serious adverse events between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Shujinjianyao Pill is effective on TCM syndromes in the treatment of Ganshenbuzu and fengshiyuzu syndrome LSS,especially in improving the score of total TCM syndromes and waist-knee pain-weak of single TCM syndrome,and has high safety.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601463)National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0901700)+2 种基金National First-class Discipline Program of Light Industry Technology and Engineering(LITE2018-07)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX19_1834)Top-notch Academic Programs Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘Sulfuric acid was used in the pretreatment of corn stover to obtain xylose as a value-added by-product,and the pretreated corn stover(Pre-CS)was hydrolyzed to produce glucose for butanol fermentation.The aim of this work is to achieve high xylose accumulation and reduced wastewater by recycling the pretreatment solution.The pretreatment conditions were optimized as follows:180°C,15 min,1:7 solid-liquid ratio(w/w),0.6%H_(2)SO_(4)(w/w,first batch)/0.9%H_(2)SO_(4)(w/w,second and third batches),in which pretreatment solution was recycled for three times.Under above conditions,pretreatment solution containing 56.3 g/L xylose and 4.5 g/L glucose was obtained.Pre-CS residue was further hydrolyzed by cellulase to achieve 35.7-39.9 g/L glucose.The condensed corn stover hydrolysate was subjected to simultaneous detoxification and sterilization using 1%(w/w)activated carbon and then applied in butanol fermentation.The highest butanol titer of 9.5 g/L was obtained in 72 h.The results provide a practical approach for coproducing xylose and biobutanol from corn stover.
