POM (Princeton ocean model) tentatively taken as the ocean part of an ocean-land atmosphere coupled modcl is verified for the ultimate purpose of studying the landfall process of tropical cyclone (TC) in the western N...POM (Princeton ocean model) tentatively taken as the ocean part of an ocean-land atmosphere coupled modcl is verified for the ultimate purpose of studying the landfall process of tropical cyclone (TC) in the western North Pacific. The POM is tested with monthly mean wind stress in the summer and given lateral boundary conditions. The results indicate that the equilibrium state of the ocean is in accordance with the climate mean, with the error in sea surface temperature (salinity) less than 0.5 ℃ (0.5). The simulated occan currents are reasonable as well.Several numerical experiments are designed to verify the oceanic response to a stationary or moving TC. It is found that the results agree fairly well with the previous work, including both the drop magnitude and the distribution ofsca temperature. Compared with the simple two-layer ocean model used by some other studies, the response of the ocean to a TC is more logical here. The model is also verified in a real case with a TC passing the neighborhood of a buoy station. It is shown that the established ocean model can basically reproduce the sea surface temperature change as observed.展开更多
As revealed by the observational study, there are more tropical cyclones generated over the western North Pacific from the early 1950s to the early 1970s in the 20th century and less tropical cyclones from the mid-197...As revealed by the observational study, there are more tropical cyclones generated over the western North Pacific from the early 1950s to the early 1970s in the 20th century and less tropical cyclones from the mid-1970s to the present. The decadal change of ＂tropical cyclones activities are closely related to the decadal changes of atmospheric general circulation in the troposphere, which provide favorable or unfavorable conditions for the formation of tropical cyclone. Furthermore, based on the simulation of corresponding atmospheric general circulation from a coupled climate model under the schemes of Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC）,special report on emission scenarios （SRES） A2 and B2 emissions scenarios an outlook on the tropical cyclone frequency generated over the western North Pacific in the coming half century is presented. It is indicated that in response to the global climate change the general circulation of atmosphere would become unfavorable for the formation of tropical cyclone as a whole and the frequency of tropical cyclones formation would likely decrease by 5% within the next half century, although more tropical cyclones would appear during a short period in it.展开更多
Kidney fibrosis is an inevitable result of various chronic kidney diseases(CKDs)and significantly contributes to end-stage renal failure.Currently,there is no specific treatment available for renal fibrosis.ELA13(amin...Kidney fibrosis is an inevitable result of various chronic kidney diseases(CKDs)and significantly contributes to end-stage renal failure.Currently,there is no specific treatment available for renal fibrosis.ELA13(amino acid sequence:RRCMPLHSRVPFP)is a conserved region of ELABELA in all vertebrates;however,its biological activity has been very little studied.In the present study,we evaluated the therapeutic effect of ELA13 on transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-treated NRK-52E cells and unilateral ureteral occlusion(UUO)mice.Our results demonstrated that ELA13 could improve renal function by reducing creatinine and urea nitrogen content in serum,and reduce the expression of fibrosis biomarkers confirmed by Masson staining,immunohistochemistry,real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and western blot.Inflammation biomarkers were increased after UUO and decreased by administration of ELA13.Furthermore,we found that the levels of essential molecules in the mothers against decapentaplegic(Smad)and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)pathways were reduced by ELA13 treatment in vivo and in vitro.In conclusion,ELA13 protected against kidney fibrosis through inhibiting the Smad and ERK signaling pathways and could thus be a promising candidate for anti-renal fibrosis treatment.展开更多
Super Typhoon Doksuri is a significant meteorological challenge for China this year due to its strong intensity and wide influence range,as well as significant and prolonged hazards.In this work,we studied Doksuri'...Super Typhoon Doksuri is a significant meteorological challenge for China this year due to its strong intensity and wide influence range,as well as significant and prolonged hazards.In this work,we studied Doksuri's main characteristics and assessed its forecast accuracy meticulously based on official forecasts,global models and regional models with lead times varying from 1 to 5 days.The results indicate that Typhoon Doksuri underwent rapid intensification and made landfall at 09:55 BJT on July 28 with a powerful intensity of 50 m s−1 confirmed by the real-time operational warnings issued by China Meteorological Administration(CMA).The typhoon also caused significant wind and rainfall impacts,with precipitation at several stations reaching historical extremes,ranking eighth in terms of total rainfall impact during the event.The evaluation of forecast accuracy for Doksuri suggests that Shanghai Multi-model Ensemble Method(SSTC)and Fengwu Model are the most effective for short-term track forecasts.Meanwhile,the forecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)and United Kingdom Meteorological Office(UKMO)are optimal for long-term predictions.It is worth noting that objective forecasts systematically underestimate the typhoon maximum intensity.The objective forecast is terribly poor when there is a sudden change in intensity.CMA-National Digital Forecast System(CMA-NDFS)provides a better reference value for typhoon accumulated rainfall forecasts,and regional models perform well in forecasting extreme rainfall.The analyses above assist forecasters in pinpointing challenges within typhoon predictions and gaining a comprehensive insight into the performance of each model.This improves the effective application of model products.展开更多
Let H and K be indefinite inner product spaces. This paper shows that a bijective map φ：B（H） →B（K） satisfies φ（AB^＋ ＋ B^＋A） = φ（A）φ（B）^＋ ＋ φ（B）^＋φ（A） for every pair A, B ∈ B（H） if and on...Let H and K be indefinite inner product spaces. This paper shows that a bijective map φ：B（H） →B（K） satisfies φ（AB^＋ ＋ B^＋A） = φ（A）φ（B）^＋ ＋ φ（B）^＋φ（A） for every pair A, B ∈ B（H） if and only if either φ（A） = cUAU^＋ for all A or φ（A） = cUA^＋U^＋ for all A; φ satisfies φ（AB^＋A） = φ;（A）φ;（B）^＋φ;（A） for every pair A, B ∈ B（H） if and only if either φ（A） = UAV for all A or φ（A） = UA^＋V for all A, where At denotes the indefinite conjugate of A, U and V are bounded invertible linear or conjugate linear operators with U^tU = c^-1I and V^＋V = cI for some nonzero real number c.展开更多
During the winter and spring of 2006, we investigated the sea ice physics and marine biology in the northwest Weddell Sea, Antarctica aboard R/V Polarstern. We determined the texture of each ice core and 71 ice crysta...During the winter and spring of 2006, we investigated the sea ice physics and marine biology in the northwest Weddell Sea, Antarctica aboard R/V Polarstern. We determined the texture of each ice core and 71 ice crystal thin sections from 27 ice cores. We analyzed 393 ice cores, their temperatures, 348 block density and salinity samples,and 311 chlorophyll a（Chl a） and phaeophytin samples along the cruise route during the investigation. Based on the vertical distributions of 302 groups of data for the ice porosity and Chl a content in the ice at the same position, we obtained new evidence that ice physical parameters influence the Chl a content in ice. We collected snow and ice thickness data, and established the effects of the snow and ice thickness on the Chl a blooms under the ice, as well as the relationships between the activity of ice algae cells and the brine volume in ice according to the principle of environmental control of the ecological balance. We determined the upper limits for Chl a in the brine volume of granular and columnar ice in the Antarctica, thereby demonstrating the effects of ice crystals on brine drainage, and the contributions of the physical properties of sea ice to Chl a blooms near the ice bottom and on the ice-water interface in the austral spring. Moreover, we found that the physical properties of sea ice affect ice algae and they are key control elements that modulate marine phytoplankton blooms in the ice-covered waters around Antarctica.展开更多
Severe typhoon Fitow(1323)brought persistent and heavy rainfall to Zhejiang and the Shanghai area after it made landfall at Fujian Province of China in October 2013,breaking the rainfall records of several counties an...Severe typhoon Fitow(1323)brought persistent and heavy rainfall to Zhejiang and the Shanghai area after it made landfall at Fujian Province of China in October 2013,breaking the rainfall records of several counties and districts in Zhejiang.In this paper,we provide an overview of the characteristics of Fitow’s landfall,including its track,intensity,structural evolution,heavy rainfall,and wind.We also describe some of the associated disastrous impacts.Finally,we provide verifications of operational forecasts of its track,intensity and rainfall.Though the track and intensity is well predicted,the rainfall persistence and enhancement in the second stage in Shanghai and north Zhejiang areas are not predicted out at all.The analysis presented in this paper provides forecasters and researchers with some valuable information on Fitow,which could form a useful basis for further studies.展开更多
Currently, there is still no effective curative treatment for the development of late-stage liver fibrosis. Here, we have illustrated that TB001, a dual glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor/glucagon receptor(GLP-1 R/GCGR)...Currently, there is still no effective curative treatment for the development of late-stage liver fibrosis. Here, we have illustrated that TB001, a dual glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor/glucagon receptor(GLP-1 R/GCGR) agonist with higher affinity towards GCGR, could retard the progression of liver fibrosis in various rodent models, with remarkable potency, selectivity, extended half-life and low toxicity. Four types of liver fibrosis animal models which were induced by CCl_(4), a-naphthyl-isothiocyanate(ANIT), bile duct ligation(BDL) and Schistosoma japonicum were used in our study. We found that TB001 treatment dose-dependently significantly attenuated liver injury and collagen accumulation in these animal models. In addition to decreased levels of extracellular matrix(ECM) accumulation during hepatic injury, activation of hepatic stellate cells was also inhibited via suppression of TGF-β expression as well as downstream Smad signaling pathways particularly in CCl_(4)-and S. japonicum-induced liver fibrosis. Moreover, TB001 attenuated liver fibrosis through blocking downstream activation of proinflammatory nuclear factor kappa B/NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha(NFκB/IKBa) pathways as well as cJun N-terminal kinase(JNK)-dependent induction of hepatocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, GLP-1 R and/or GCGR knock-down results represented GCGR played an important role in ameliorating CCl_(4)-induced hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, TB001 can be used as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of multiple causes of hepatic fibrosis demonstrated by our extensive pre-clinical evaluation of TB001.展开更多
Over the last decade,oncolytic virus(OV)therapy has shown its promising potential in tumor treatment.The fact that not every patient can benefit from it highlights the importance for defining biomarkers that help pred...Over the last decade,oncolytic virus(OV)therapy has shown its promising potential in tumor treatment.The fact that not every patient can benefit from it highlights the importance for defining biomarkers that help predict patients’responses.As particular self-amplifying biotherapeutics,the anti-tumor effects of OVs are highly dependent on the host factors for viral infection and replication.By using weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),we found matrix remodeling associated 8(MXRA8)is positively correlated with the oncolysis induced by oncolytic virus M1(OVM).展开更多
The nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the solecurtidae Bivalvia mollusca Sinonovacula constricata（GenBank accession number EU880278） has been determined and is reported here. We determined the compl...The nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the solecurtidae Bivalvia mollusca Sinonovacula constricata（GenBank accession number EU880278） has been determined and is reported here. We determined the complete mitochondrial genome sequence using long-PCR and Shot Gun Sequencing. Contained within the 17 225 base pairs （bp） are the two ribosomal RNA genes and 12 protein coding genes typical of metazoan mitochondrial genomes. The S. constricta mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） did not contain a gene for atp8, similar to the mtDNA of Crassostrea virginica, Crassostrea giga and Mytilus edulis. The S. constricta mtDNA is 67.0% A＋T （A 25.9%, C 10.5%, G 22.5%, and T 41.1%）. This value is higher than that for many invertebrate mitochondrial genomes. Only 19 putative tRNA genes are present in S. constricta and 27 noncoding regions, of which two are large in size. The trnE and trnW genes as well as a second trnS were absent in S. constricta. The gene arrangement of S. constricta is different from the other Bivalvia genomes.展开更多
Although previous studies have shown the neuroprotective effects of the adenosine triphosphate （ATP）-sensitive potassium （KATP） channel opener against ischemic neuronal damage, little is known about the mechanisms...Although previous studies have shown the neuroprotective effects of the adenosine triphosphate （ATP）-sensitive potassium （KATP） channel opener against ischemic neuronal damage, little is known about the mechanisms involved. Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase （PI3K）/v-akt murine thy-moma viral oncogene homolog （Akt） and Bcl-2 are thought to be important factors that mediate neuroprotection. The present study investigated the effects of KATP openers on hypoxia-induced PC12 cell apoptosis, as well as mRNA and protein expression of Akt and Bcl-2. Results demon-strated that pretreatment of PC12 cells with pinacidil, a KATP opener, resulted in decreased PC12 cell apoptosis following hypoxia, as detected by Annexin-V fluorescein isothiocyanate/ propidium iodide double staining flow cytometry. In addition, mRNA and protein expression of phosphorylated Akt （p-Akt） and Bcl-2 increased, as detected by immunofluorescence, Western blot analysis, and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The protective effect of this preconditioning was attenuated by glipizide, a selective KATP blocker. These results demonstrate for the first time that the protective mechanisms of KATP openers on PC12 cell apoptosis following hypoxia could result from activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which further activates expression of the downstream Bcl-2 gene.展开更多
Since 2016,a number of studies have been published on standard decoctions used in Chinese medicine.However,there is little research on statistical issues related to establishing the quality standards for standard deco...Since 2016,a number of studies have been published on standard decoctions used in Chinese medicine.However,there is little research on statistical issues related to establishing the quality standards for standard decoctions.In view of the currently established quality standard methods for standard decoctions,an improvement scheme is proposed from a statistical perspective.This review explores the requirements for dry matter yield rate data and index component transfer data for the application of two methods specified in‘‘Technical Requirements for Quality Control and Standard Establishment of Chinese Medicine Formula Granules,"which include the average value plus or minus three times the standard deviation (■±3SD) or 70%to 130%of the average value (■±30%■).The square-root arcsine transformation method is used as an approach to solve the problem of unreasonable standard ranges of standard decoctions.This review also proposes the use of merged data to establish a standard.A method to judge whether multiple sets of standard decoction data can be merged is also provided.When multiple sets of data have a similar central tendency and a similar discrete tendency,they can be merged to establish a more reliable quality standard.Assuming that the dry matter yield rate and transfer rate conform to a binomial distribution,the number of batches of prepared slices that are needed to establish the standard decoction quality standard is estimated.It is recommended that no less than 30 batches of prepared slices should be used for the establishment of standard decoction quality standards.展开更多
In this paper, we show that if an injective map on symmetric matrices Sn(C) satisfies then for all , where f is an injective homomorphism on C, S is a complex orthogonal matrix and Af is the image of A under f applied...In this paper, we show that if an injective map on symmetric matrices Sn(C) satisfies then for all , where f is an injective homomorphism on C, S is a complex orthogonal matrix and Af is the image of A under f applied entrywise.展开更多
To improve the forecast of typhoon intensity and meet the requirements of operational services on marine meteorology in Shanghai Meteorological Service of CMA, a few of important scientific research projects from nati...To improve the forecast of typhoon intensity and meet the requirements of operational services on marine meteorology in Shanghai Meteorological Service of CMA, a few of important scientific research projects from national, Shanghai municipal government and CMA were undertaken by Shanghai Typhoon Institute in recent 10 years. Some field experiments for typhoon were carried out. The observational researches on physical process of air-sea interaction reveal some new facts about the turbulence energy transport in the atmospheric and ocean boundary layer under typhoon. Especially there is more understanding for multi-scale response mechanism of ocean and feedback effect of each other. The simulation and prediction of typhoon intensity in the coupled ocean-atmosphere model are improved due to better expression of drag coefficient on sea surface and the sea spray effect on momentum and heat transport. Furthermore, the operational wave models were established for global and northwest Pacific respectively. In particular, the sea wave and storm surge numerical prediction systems with very high resolution including complex physical processes, such as interaction of wave and current, developed over China coastal sea. Based on the numerical model outputs some useful risk indexes for ship voyage were formed and put into use in Shanghai Marine and Meteorological Center, such as wave steepness index, ratio index of swell and synchronism oscillation index et al. The numerical marine products are widely used in daily operational work and professional services recently.展开更多
目的探讨集束化管理策略在机械通气患者早期活动中的干预效果。方法以2019年12月至2020年6月入住山西省汾阳医院呼吸重症监护病房(RICU)的72例机械通气患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为常规护理对照组(常规对照组)和集束化早期活动干...目的探讨集束化管理策略在机械通气患者早期活动中的干预效果。方法以2019年12月至2020年6月入住山西省汾阳医院呼吸重症监护病房(RICU)的72例机械通气患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为常规护理对照组(常规对照组)和集束化早期活动干预组(集束化组),每组36例。常规对照组进行常规护理,包括监测生命体征、抬高床头、2 h翻身扣背、每日唤醒、气道湿化管理、预防消化道溃疡、镇痛镇静管理、预防深静脉栓塞、管道管理,根据病情变化定期监测血气分析和电解质等指标,以及预防误吸、预防细菌定植、正确执行手卫生等措施;集束化组在执行常规护理的基础上实施集束化增加早期活动策略,首先成立专业团队,培训掌握标准,团队确定方案并实施4级活动方案,辅以心理干预,同时确定终止标准,质量控制。评价两组在撤离机械通气后1 h ICU获得性衰弱(ICU-AW)、呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)、谵妄的发生情况,以及机械通气时间、重症监护病房(ICU)住院时间。结果与常规对照组比较,集束化组ICU-AW、VAP和谵妄的发生率均显著降低(ICU-AW发生率:36.11%比69.44%,χ^(2)=8.025,P=0.005;VAP发生率:8.33%比30.56%,χ^(2)=5.675,P=0.017;谵妄发生率:5.56%比36.11%,χ^(2)=10.180,P=0.001),且机械通气时间明显缩短(d:7.13±1.34比10.46±1.48,t=-10.145,P<0.001),ICU住院时间也明显缩短(d:9.03±2.43比13.06±3.63,t=-5.535,P<0.001)。结论实施集束化护理管理策略早期活动可以促进机械通气患者病情康复,改善预后,并提高生活质量,效果明显,有推广价值。展开更多
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contrct Nos 40575030,40275018 and 49975014.
文摘POM (Princeton ocean model) tentatively taken as the ocean part of an ocean-land atmosphere coupled modcl is verified for the ultimate purpose of studying the landfall process of tropical cyclone (TC) in the western North Pacific. The POM is tested with monthly mean wind stress in the summer and given lateral boundary conditions. The results indicate that the equilibrium state of the ocean is in accordance with the climate mean, with the error in sea surface temperature (salinity) less than 0.5 ℃ (0.5). The simulated occan currents are reasonable as well.Several numerical experiments are designed to verify the oceanic response to a stationary or moving TC. It is found that the results agree fairly well with the previous work, including both the drop magnitude and the distribution ofsca temperature. Compared with the simple two-layer ocean model used by some other studies, the response of the ocean to a TC is more logical here. The model is also verified in a real case with a TC passing the neighborhood of a buoy station. It is shown that the established ocean model can basically reproduce the sea surface temperature change as observed.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.40375034the Special Climate Project of China Meteorological Administration.
文摘As revealed by the observational study, there are more tropical cyclones generated over the western North Pacific from the early 1950s to the early 1970s in the 20th century and less tropical cyclones from the mid-1970s to the present. The decadal change of ＂tropical cyclones activities are closely related to the decadal changes of atmospheric general circulation in the troposphere, which provide favorable or unfavorable conditions for the formation of tropical cyclone. Furthermore, based on the simulation of corresponding atmospheric general circulation from a coupled climate model under the schemes of Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC）,special report on emission scenarios （SRES） A2 and B2 emissions scenarios an outlook on the tropical cyclone frequency generated over the western North Pacific in the coming half century is presented. It is indicated that in response to the global climate change the general circulation of atmosphere would become unfavorable for the formation of tropical cyclone as a whole and the frequency of tropical cyclones formation would likely decrease by 5% within the next half century, although more tropical cyclones would appear during a short period in it.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LD22H310004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82204492)+2 种基金the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(No.2019-I2M-5-074)the Medical Innovation and Development Project of Lanzhou University(No.lzuyxcx-2022-156)the Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(No.21042100-Y),China。
文摘Kidney fibrosis is an inevitable result of various chronic kidney diseases(CKDs)and significantly contributes to end-stage renal failure.Currently,there is no specific treatment available for renal fibrosis.ELA13(amino acid sequence:RRCMPLHSRVPFP)is a conserved region of ELABELA in all vertebrates;however,its biological activity has been very little studied.In the present study,we evaluated the therapeutic effect of ELA13 on transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-treated NRK-52E cells and unilateral ureteral occlusion(UUO)mice.Our results demonstrated that ELA13 could improve renal function by reducing creatinine and urea nitrogen content in serum,and reduce the expression of fibrosis biomarkers confirmed by Masson staining,immunohistochemistry,real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and western blot.Inflammation biomarkers were increased after UUO and decreased by administration of ELA13.Furthermore,we found that the levels of essential molecules in the mothers against decapentaplegic(Smad)and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)pathways were reduced by ELA13 treatment in vivo and in vitro.In conclusion,ELA13 protected against kidney fibrosis through inhibiting the Smad and ERK signaling pathways and could thus be a promising candidate for anti-renal fibrosis treatment.
基金supported jointly by Innovation and Development Special Program of China Meteorological Administration (Grant Nos.CXFZ2024J006)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.42075056)+4 种基金Research Program from Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai (Grant Nos.23DZ204700,22ZR1476400)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Project (Grant Nos.23DZ1204701)Ningbo Key R&D Program (Grant Nos.2023Z139)East China Regional Meteorological Science and Technology Collaborative Innovation Fund (Grant Nos.QYHZ202318)Special Fund Project of Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses of Shanghai Typhoon Institute, (Grant Nos.2024JB03).
文摘Super Typhoon Doksuri is a significant meteorological challenge for China this year due to its strong intensity and wide influence range,as well as significant and prolonged hazards.In this work,we studied Doksuri's main characteristics and assessed its forecast accuracy meticulously based on official forecasts,global models and regional models with lead times varying from 1 to 5 days.The results indicate that Typhoon Doksuri underwent rapid intensification and made landfall at 09:55 BJT on July 28 with a powerful intensity of 50 m s−1 confirmed by the real-time operational warnings issued by China Meteorological Administration(CMA).The typhoon also caused significant wind and rainfall impacts,with precipitation at several stations reaching historical extremes,ranking eighth in terms of total rainfall impact during the event.The evaluation of forecast accuracy for Doksuri suggests that Shanghai Multi-model Ensemble Method(SSTC)and Fengwu Model are the most effective for short-term track forecasts.Meanwhile,the forecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)and United Kingdom Meteorological Office(UKMO)are optimal for long-term predictions.It is worth noting that objective forecasts systematically underestimate the typhoon maximum intensity.The objective forecast is terribly poor when there is a sudden change in intensity.CMA-National Digital Forecast System(CMA-NDFS)provides a better reference value for typhoon accumulated rainfall forecasts,and regional models perform well in forecasting extreme rainfall.The analyses above assist forecasters in pinpointing challenges within typhoon predictions and gaining a comprehensive insight into the performance of each model.This improves the effective application of model products.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10471082) the Shanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No.20021005).
文摘Let H and K be indefinite inner product spaces. This paper shows that a bijective map φ：B（H） →B（K） satisfies φ（AB^＋ ＋ B^＋A） = φ（A）φ（B）^＋ ＋ φ（B）^＋φ（A） for every pair A, B ∈ B（H） if and only if either φ（A） = cUAU^＋ for all A or φ（A） = cUA^＋U^＋ for all A; φ satisfies φ（AB^＋A） = φ;（A）φ;（B）^＋φ;（A） for every pair A, B ∈ B（H） if and only if either φ（A） = UAV for all A or φ（A） = UA^＋V for all A, where At denotes the indefinite conjugate of A, U and V are bounded invertible linear or conjugate linear operators with U^tU = c^-1I and V^＋V = cI for some nonzero real number c.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 51221961 and 41376186Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration for expedition and external cooperation foundations under contract No.IC201209the foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,China under contract No.SL14-5-3
文摘During the winter and spring of 2006, we investigated the sea ice physics and marine biology in the northwest Weddell Sea, Antarctica aboard R/V Polarstern. We determined the texture of each ice core and 71 ice crystal thin sections from 27 ice cores. We analyzed 393 ice cores, their temperatures, 348 block density and salinity samples,and 311 chlorophyll a（Chl a） and phaeophytin samples along the cruise route during the investigation. Based on the vertical distributions of 302 groups of data for the ice porosity and Chl a content in the ice at the same position, we obtained new evidence that ice physical parameters influence the Chl a content in ice. We collected snow and ice thickness data, and established the effects of the snow and ice thickness on the Chl a blooms under the ice, as well as the relationships between the activity of ice algae cells and the brine volume in ice according to the principle of environmental control of the ecological balance. We determined the upper limits for Chl a in the brine volume of granular and columnar ice in the Antarctica, thereby demonstrating the effects of ice crystals on brine drainage, and the contributions of the physical properties of sea ice to Chl a blooms near the ice bottom and on the ice-water interface in the austral spring. Moreover, we found that the physical properties of sea ice affect ice algae and they are key control elements that modulate marine phytoplankton blooms in the ice-covered waters around Antarctica.
基金the State 973 Program(2013CB430300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41305049,41005033,and 41275067).
文摘Severe typhoon Fitow(1323)brought persistent and heavy rainfall to Zhejiang and the Shanghai area after it made landfall at Fujian Province of China in October 2013,breaking the rainfall records of several counties and districts in Zhejiang.In this paper,we provide an overview of the characteristics of Fitow’s landfall,including its track,intensity,structural evolution,heavy rainfall,and wind.We also describe some of the associated disastrous impacts.Finally,we provide verifications of operational forecasts of its track,intensity and rainfall.Though the track and intensity is well predicted,the rainfall persistence and enhancement in the second stage in Shanghai and north Zhejiang areas are not predicted out at all.The analysis presented in this paper provides forecasters and researchers with some valuable information on Fitow,which could form a useful basis for further studies.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.91853106)the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Enterpre-neurial Teams (No.2016ZT06Y337,China)+3 种基金Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation (No.2019B030301005,China)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JSGG20200225153121723,China)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.19ykzd25,China)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS,2019-I2M-5-074,China)。
文摘Currently, there is still no effective curative treatment for the development of late-stage liver fibrosis. Here, we have illustrated that TB001, a dual glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor/glucagon receptor(GLP-1 R/GCGR) agonist with higher affinity towards GCGR, could retard the progression of liver fibrosis in various rodent models, with remarkable potency, selectivity, extended half-life and low toxicity. Four types of liver fibrosis animal models which were induced by CCl_(4), a-naphthyl-isothiocyanate(ANIT), bile duct ligation(BDL) and Schistosoma japonicum were used in our study. We found that TB001 treatment dose-dependently significantly attenuated liver injury and collagen accumulation in these animal models. In addition to decreased levels of extracellular matrix(ECM) accumulation during hepatic injury, activation of hepatic stellate cells was also inhibited via suppression of TGF-β expression as well as downstream Smad signaling pathways particularly in CCl_(4)-and S. japonicum-induced liver fibrosis. Moreover, TB001 attenuated liver fibrosis through blocking downstream activation of proinflammatory nuclear factor kappa B/NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha(NFκB/IKBa) pathways as well as cJun N-terminal kinase(JNK)-dependent induction of hepatocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, GLP-1 R and/or GCGR knock-down results represented GCGR played an important role in ameliorating CCl_(4)-induced hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, TB001 can be used as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of multiple causes of hepatic fibrosis demonstrated by our extensive pre-clinical evaluation of TB001.
基金We acknowledge Dr.Zhe Liu of the Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention for his assistance with cryo-EM.Miss.Liumei Wu and Miss.Jing Tang assisted with transfection assay and RNA-scope assay.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81973342,82073883,81772675,81903652,and 81802536)the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA0909800)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(No.201707020003).
文摘Over the last decade,oncolytic virus(OV)therapy has shown its promising potential in tumor treatment.The fact that not every patient can benefit from it highlights the importance for defining biomarkers that help predict patients’responses.As particular self-amplifying biotherapeutics,the anti-tumor effects of OVs are highly dependent on the host factors for viral infection and replication.By using weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),we found matrix remodeling associated 8(MXRA8)is positively correlated with the oncolysis induced by oncolytic virus M1(OVM).
基金"863" Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China under contract No. 2006 AA10 A410Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project under contract No. Y1101Dr. Start-up Fund under contract No. A-2400-09-0144
文摘The nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the solecurtidae Bivalvia mollusca Sinonovacula constricata（GenBank accession number EU880278） has been determined and is reported here. We determined the complete mitochondrial genome sequence using long-PCR and Shot Gun Sequencing. Contained within the 17 225 base pairs （bp） are the two ribosomal RNA genes and 12 protein coding genes typical of metazoan mitochondrial genomes. The S. constricta mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） did not contain a gene for atp8, similar to the mtDNA of Crassostrea virginica, Crassostrea giga and Mytilus edulis. The S. constricta mtDNA is 67.0% A＋T （A 25.9%, C 10.5%, G 22.5%, and T 41.1%）. This value is higher than that for many invertebrate mitochondrial genomes. Only 19 putative tRNA genes are present in S. constricta and 27 noncoding regions, of which two are large in size. The trnE and trnW genes as well as a second trnS were absent in S. constricta. The gene arrangement of S. constricta is different from the other Bivalvia genomes.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.20052097,2008225010
文摘Although previous studies have shown the neuroprotective effects of the adenosine triphosphate （ATP）-sensitive potassium （KATP） channel opener against ischemic neuronal damage, little is known about the mechanisms involved. Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase （PI3K）/v-akt murine thy-moma viral oncogene homolog （Akt） and Bcl-2 are thought to be important factors that mediate neuroprotection. The present study investigated the effects of KATP openers on hypoxia-induced PC12 cell apoptosis, as well as mRNA and protein expression of Akt and Bcl-2. Results demon-strated that pretreatment of PC12 cells with pinacidil, a KATP opener, resulted in decreased PC12 cell apoptosis following hypoxia, as detected by Annexin-V fluorescein isothiocyanate/ propidium iodide double staining flow cytometry. In addition, mRNA and protein expression of phosphorylated Akt （p-Akt） and Bcl-2 increased, as detected by immunofluorescence, Western blot analysis, and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The protective effect of this preconditioning was attenuated by glipizide, a selective KATP blocker. These results demonstrate for the first time that the protective mechanisms of KATP openers on PC12 cell apoptosis following hypoxia could result from activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which further activates expression of the downstream Bcl-2 gene.
基金supported by National S&T Major Project of China (2018ZX09201011-002)the Student Research Training Program of the College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhejiang University (Y201936333)the National Project for Standardization of Chinese Materia Medica (ZYBZH-C-GD-04)
文摘Since 2016,a number of studies have been published on standard decoctions used in Chinese medicine.However,there is little research on statistical issues related to establishing the quality standards for standard decoctions.In view of the currently established quality standard methods for standard decoctions,an improvement scheme is proposed from a statistical perspective.This review explores the requirements for dry matter yield rate data and index component transfer data for the application of two methods specified in‘‘Technical Requirements for Quality Control and Standard Establishment of Chinese Medicine Formula Granules,"which include the average value plus or minus three times the standard deviation (■±3SD) or 70%to 130%of the average value (■±30%■).The square-root arcsine transformation method is used as an approach to solve the problem of unreasonable standard ranges of standard decoctions.This review also proposes the use of merged data to establish a standard.A method to judge whether multiple sets of standard decoction data can be merged is also provided.When multiple sets of data have a similar central tendency and a similar discrete tendency,they can be merged to establish a more reliable quality standard.Assuming that the dry matter yield rate and transfer rate conform to a binomial distribution,the number of batches of prepared slices that are needed to establish the standard decoction quality standard is estimated.It is recommended that no less than 30 batches of prepared slices should be used for the establishment of standard decoction quality standards.
文摘In this paper, we show that if an injective map on symmetric matrices Sn(C) satisfies then for all , where f is an injective homomorphism on C, S is a complex orthogonal matrix and Af is the image of A under f applied entrywise.
基金the funding support from the Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41730959)the National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction (GASI-IPOVAI-04)
文摘To improve the forecast of typhoon intensity and meet the requirements of operational services on marine meteorology in Shanghai Meteorological Service of CMA, a few of important scientific research projects from national, Shanghai municipal government and CMA were undertaken by Shanghai Typhoon Institute in recent 10 years. Some field experiments for typhoon were carried out. The observational researches on physical process of air-sea interaction reveal some new facts about the turbulence energy transport in the atmospheric and ocean boundary layer under typhoon. Especially there is more understanding for multi-scale response mechanism of ocean and feedback effect of each other. The simulation and prediction of typhoon intensity in the coupled ocean-atmosphere model are improved due to better expression of drag coefficient on sea surface and the sea spray effect on momentum and heat transport. Furthermore, the operational wave models were established for global and northwest Pacific respectively. In particular, the sea wave and storm surge numerical prediction systems with very high resolution including complex physical processes, such as interaction of wave and current, developed over China coastal sea. Based on the numerical model outputs some useful risk indexes for ship voyage were formed and put into use in Shanghai Marine and Meteorological Center, such as wave steepness index, ratio index of swell and synchronism oscillation index et al. The numerical marine products are widely used in daily operational work and professional services recently.
文摘目的探讨集束化管理策略在机械通气患者早期活动中的干预效果。方法以2019年12月至2020年6月入住山西省汾阳医院呼吸重症监护病房(RICU)的72例机械通气患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为常规护理对照组(常规对照组)和集束化早期活动干预组(集束化组),每组36例。常规对照组进行常规护理,包括监测生命体征、抬高床头、2 h翻身扣背、每日唤醒、气道湿化管理、预防消化道溃疡、镇痛镇静管理、预防深静脉栓塞、管道管理,根据病情变化定期监测血气分析和电解质等指标,以及预防误吸、预防细菌定植、正确执行手卫生等措施;集束化组在执行常规护理的基础上实施集束化增加早期活动策略,首先成立专业团队,培训掌握标准,团队确定方案并实施4级活动方案,辅以心理干预,同时确定终止标准,质量控制。评价两组在撤离机械通气后1 h ICU获得性衰弱(ICU-AW)、呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)、谵妄的发生情况,以及机械通气时间、重症监护病房(ICU)住院时间。结果与常规对照组比较,集束化组ICU-AW、VAP和谵妄的发生率均显著降低(ICU-AW发生率:36.11%比69.44%,χ^(2)=8.025,P=0.005;VAP发生率:8.33%比30.56%,χ^(2)=5.675,P=0.017;谵妄发生率:5.56%比36.11%,χ^(2)=10.180,P=0.001),且机械通气时间明显缩短(d:7.13±1.34比10.46±1.48,t=-10.145,P<0.001),ICU住院时间也明显缩短(d:9.03±2.43比13.06±3.63,t=-5.535,P<0.001)。结论实施集束化护理管理策略早期活动可以促进机械通气患者病情康复,改善预后,并提高生活质量,效果明显,有推广价值。
