The seeds of Limonium aureum （L.） Hill. were dried from 8.92% to 2.88% moisture content in a desiccating container with silica gel. After ultra-drying the seeds were accelerated aged （50 ℃, 1 month）, and some phy...The seeds of Limonium aureum （L.） Hill. were dried from 8.92% to 2.88% moisture content in a desiccating container with silica gel. After ultra-drying the seeds were accelerated aged （50 ℃, 1 month）, and some physiological indices, including the electrical conductivity, dehydrogenase activity, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, glutathione reductase （GR）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, catalase （CAT）, volatile aldehydes and malondialdehyde （MDA） were tested. The results indicated that dehydrogenase, POD, SOD, GR, APX and CAT activities of the ultra-dry seeds were higher than the control seeds, while volatile aldehydes and malondialdehyde were lower than the control group. The results suggest that ultra-drying is beneficial for maintaining the vigor of L. aureum seeds at a high level. Thus, L. aureum seeds could be stored under ultra-dry conditions.展开更多
Natural fractures(NFs)are common in shale and tight reservoirs,where staged multi-cluster fracturing of horizontal wells is a prevalent technique for reservoir stimulation.While NFs and stress interference are recogni...Natural fractures(NFs)are common in shale and tight reservoirs,where staged multi-cluster fracturing of horizontal wells is a prevalent technique for reservoir stimulation.While NFs and stress interference are recognized as significant factors affecting hydraulic fracture(HF)propagation,the combined influence of these factors remains poorly understood.To address this knowledge gap,a novel coupled hydromechanical-damage(HMD)model based on the phase field method is developed to investigate the propagation of multi-cluster HFs in fractured reservoirs.The comprehensive energy functional and control functions are established,while incorporating dynamic fluid distribution between multiple perforation clusters and refined changes in rock mechanical parameters during hydraulic fracturing.The HMD coupled multi-cluster HF propagation model investigates various scenarios,including single HF and single NF,reservoir heterogeneity,single HF and NF clusters,and multi-cluster HFs with NF clusters.The results show that the HMD coupling model can accurately capture the impact of approach angle(θ),stress difference and cementation strength on the interaction of HF and NF.The criterion of the open and cross zones is not fixed.The NF angle(a)is not a decisive parameter to discriminate the interaction.According to the relationship between approach angle(θ)and NF angle(a),the contact relationship of HF can be divided into three categories(θ=a,θ<a,andθ>a).The connected NF can increase the complexity of HF by inducing it to form branch fracture,resulting in a fractal dimension of HF as high as2.1280 at angles of±45°.Inter-fracture interference from the heel to the toe of HF shows the phenomenon of no,strong and weak interference.Interestingly,under the influence of NFs,distant HFs from the injection can become dominant fractures.However,as a gradually increases,inter-fracture stress interference becomes the primary factor influencing HF propagation,gradually superseding the dominance of NF induced fractures.展开更多
Objective To study the effects and the mechanisms of extract from a leguminous plant （Ammopiptanthus mongolicus cheng f.） （JAl ） in northwest China on inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of HepG2 hepat...Objective To study the effects and the mechanisms of extract from a leguminous plant （Ammopiptanthus mongolicus cheng f.） （JAl ） in northwest China on inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cell in vitro. Methods The HepG2 cell line was used as target cells. The effect of 3A 1 on HepG2 cell growth was detected by microculture tetrazolium assay （MTr）, flow cytometry assay, DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and transmission electronic microscopy. The expressive effect of the wt-p53 in HepG2 cells was analyzed with p53 protein test-reagent. Results JAl not only had significant anti-proliferative effects depending upon time and dosage, but also induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Apoptotic typical morphological changes were observed in JAl-treated HepG2 cells under transmission electronic microscope, ＂Sub-G 1＂ phase peak occurred in flow cytometry and DNA ＂ladder＂ was found in DNA agarose gel electrophoresis. The expression of the wt-p53 increased in vitro, and 3Al-treated HepG2 and the positive cell percentage of the wt-p53 protein also increased. Conclusions JAl could obviously induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of HepG2 cells in vitro, and these effects are closely related with the increase of wt-p53 expression. JAl can be used as a good source of medicinal plant for the treatment of hepatocarcinoma.展开更多
Two homologous genes of the Arabidopsis C-repeat/dehydration-responsive element binding factors （CBF/ DREB1） transcriptional activator were isolated by RT-PCR from Chinese cabbage （Brassica pekinensis Rupr. cv. Qin...Two homologous genes of the Arabidopsis C-repeat/dehydration-responsive element binding factors （CBF/ DREB1） transcriptional activator were isolated by RT-PCR from Chinese cabbage （Brassica pekinensis Rupr. cv. Qinbai 5） and were designated as BcCBF1 and BcCBF2. Each encodes a putative CBF/DREB1 protein with an AP2 （Apetal2） DNA-bindlng domain, a putative nuclear localization signal, and a possible acidic activation domain. Deduced amino acid sequences show that BcCBF1 is very similar to the Arabidopsis CBF1, whereas BcCBF2 Is different in that it contains two extra regions of 24 and 20 amino acids in the acidic domain. The mRNA accumulation profiles indicated that the expression of BcCBF1 and BcCBF2 is strongly induced by cold treatment, but does not respond similarly to dehydration or abscisic acid （ABA） treatment. However, the cold-induced accumulation of BcCBF2 mRNA was rapid but short-lived compared with that of BcCBFI. The mRNA levels of both BcCBF1 and BcCBF2 were higher in leaves than in roots when plants were exposed to cold, whereas, salt stress caused higher accumulation of BcCBF2 mRNA in roots than in leaves, suggesting that the organ specificity of the gene expression of the BcCBFs is probably stress dependent. In addition, the accumulation of BcCBF1 and BcCBF2 mRNAs was greatly enhanced by light compared with darkness when seedlings were exposed to cold. It is concluded that the two BcCBF proteins may be involved in the process of plant response to cold stress through an ABA-independent pathway and that there is also a cross-talk between the light signaling conduction pathway and the cold response pathway in B. pekinensis as in Arabidopsis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia(SCZ)is a complex disease which can be affected by both genetic and environmental factors.Prenatal famine exposure may cause changes in DNA methylation levels of genes.Meanwhile,maternal nutrit...BACKGROUND Schizophrenia(SCZ)is a complex disease which can be affected by both genetic and environmental factors.Prenatal famine exposure may cause changes in DNA methylation levels of genes.Meanwhile,maternal nutrition during pregnancy is a pivotal environmental factor in the development of SCZ.DNA methylation may be an intermediate factor mediating exposure to famine during pregnancy and SCZ,and DNA methylation quantitative trait loci might serve as a promising tool for linking SCZ and prenatal famine.AIM To analyze the association between prenatal famine exposure and SCZ risk in Northeast Han Chinese through analysis of DNA methylation related loci.METHODS A total of 954 Han Chinese from Northeast China were recruited,including 443 patients with SCZ and 511 healthy controls.The participants were further divided into famine(born in 1960-1962)and non-famine(born in 1963-1965)groups to investigate the effect of prenatal famine exposure.Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)selected according to the relevant literature were genotyped,namely,rs11917047 in PTPRG,rs2239681 in IGF2,rs3842756 in INSIGF,and rs61955196 in ABCB9.DNA were extracted from peripheral blood samples,and the genotypes of these SNP loci were detected using the improved Multiple Ligase Detection Reaction multiple SNP typing technique.The associations of the DNA methylation related SNPs with SCZ risk and prenatal famine,and their interactions were analyzed using logistic regression analysis and generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction(GMDR)software.RESULTS Based on the sequencing data,genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the four selected SNPs were determined.All genotype frequencies of the four SNPs in the healthy control group were tested for deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that rs61955196 was significantly associated with SCZ risk in the log-additive model[odds ratio(OR):1.22;95%confidence interval(CI):1.01-1.48;P=0.040].We also found that the rs61955196 allele was re展开更多
Hyperbranched polysulfonamine （HPSA） is a promising biomaterial due to its highly branched spherical architecture and efficient intracellular translocation. To realize the fianctionalization of HPSA, both N-succinim...Hyperbranched polysulfonamine （HPSA） is a promising biomaterial due to its highly branched spherical architecture and efficient intracellular translocation. To realize the fianctionalization of HPSA, both N-succinimidyl 3-（2- pyridyldithio） propionate （SPDP） for tethering the human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody CH12 and N-hydroxy succinimidyl S-acetylmercaptoacetyltriglycinate （NHS-MAG3） for labeling 188Re were sequentially grafted onto the primary amine terminals of HPSA via covalent linkages, attaining the SPDP-HPSA-MAG3 intermediate. In order to reserve the structural integrity of CH12, the fragment crystallizable （Fc） region was also processed by oxidation of oligosaccharide moieties with sodium periodate and then reacted with N-（κ-maleimidoundecanoic acid） hydrazide （KMUH）. After chelating 188Re with MAG3 group, the SPDP was reduced to PDP and connected onto the maleinimide group at the Fc region. As a result, both the epidermal growth factor receptor viii （EGFRvIII） targeted monoclonal antibody CH12 and the radionuclide 188Re were conjugated to the HPSA-based vehicles, forming the 188Re-labeled and CH12-tethered HPSA （CH12-HPSA- 188Re）. The molecular weight and in vitro stability of CH12-HPSA-188Re were evaluated by gel electrophoresis and paper chromatography. On one hand, the CH12-HPSA-188Re could specifically bind to the EGFRvlII-positive human hepatocarcinoma cells in vitro. On the other hand, it could also target at the tumor tissue of nude mice in vivo. Hence, the CH12-HPSA-188Re could effectively target at the human hepatocarcinoma and facilitate the tumor detection and targeted radioimmunotherapy.展开更多
The anatomical and chemical characteristics of a rolling leaf mutant （rlm） of rice （Oryza sativa L.） and its ecophysiological properties in photosynthesis and apoplastic transport were investigated. Compared with ...The anatomical and chemical characteristics of a rolling leaf mutant （rlm） of rice （Oryza sativa L.） and its ecophysiological properties in photosynthesis and apoplastic transport were investigated. Compared with the wild type （WT）, the areas of whole vascular bundles and xylem as well as the ratios of xylem area/whole vascular bundles area and xylem area/phloem area were higher in rim, whereas the area and the width of foliar bulliform cell were lower. The Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） microspectroscopy spectra of foliar cell walls differed greatly between rim and WT. The rim exhibited lower protein and polysaccharide contents of foliar cell walls. An obvious reduction of pectin content was also found in rim by biochemical measurements. Moreover, the rate of photosynthesis was depressed while the conductance of stoma and the intercellular CO2 concentration were enhanced in rim. The PTS fluorescence, which represents the ability of apoplastic transport, was 11% higher in rim than in WT. These results suggest that the changes in anatomical and chemical characteristics of foliar vascular bundles, such as the reduction of proteins, pectins, and other polysaccharides of foliar cell walls, participate in the leaf rolling mutation, and consequently lead to the reduced photosynthetic dynamics and apoplastic transport ability in the mutant.展开更多
We report a calculation of binding energy of the ground state of a hydrogenic donor in a quantum cylindrical GaAs dot surrounded by Ga1−xAlxAs with finite confinement potentials,in the presence of a uniform electric f...We report a calculation of binding energy of the ground state of a hydrogenic donor in a quantum cylindrical GaAs dot surrounded by Ga1−xAlxAs with finite confinement potentials,in the presence of a uniform electric field applied parallel to the dot axis.The binding energy increases inchmeal as the radius of the dot decreases until a maximum value for a certain value of the quantum dot radii,then begins to drop quickly.Results for the binding energies and electronic wave function density of the hydrogenic-donor as functions of the impurity position,dot thickness and applied electric field are also presented.展开更多
Auxin and auxin-mediated signaling pathways are known to regulate lateral root development.Although exocytic vesicle trafficking plays an important role in recycling the PIN-FORMED(PIN)auxin efflux carriers and in pol...Auxin and auxin-mediated signaling pathways are known to regulate lateral root development.Although exocytic vesicle trafficking plays an important role in recycling the PIN-FORMED(PIN)auxin efflux carriers and in polar auxin transport during lateral root formation,the mechanistic details of these processes are not well understood.Here,we demonstrate that BYPASS1-LIKE(B1 L)regulates lateral root initiation via exocytic vesicular trafficking-mediated PIN recycling in Arabidopsis thaliana.b1 l mutants contained significantly more lateral roots than the wild type,primarily due to increased lateral root primordium initiation.Furthermore,the auxin signal was stronger in stage I lateral root primordia of b1 l than in those of the wild type.Treatment with exogenous auxin and an auxin transport inhibitor indicated that the lateral root phenotype of b1 l could be attributed to higher auxin levels and that B1 L regulates auxin efflux.Indeed,compared to the wild type,C-terminally green fluorescent protein-tagged PIN1 and PIN3 accumulated at higher levels in b1 l lateral root primordia.B1 L interacted with the exocyst,and b1 l showed defective PIN exocytosis.These observations indicate that B1 L interacts with the exocyst to regulate PIN-mediated polar auxin transport and lateral root initiation in Arabidopsis.展开更多
Probabilistic reliability model established by insufficient data is inaccessible. The convex model was applied to model the uncertainties of variables. A new non-probabilistic reliability model was proposed based on t...Probabilistic reliability model established by insufficient data is inaccessible. The convex model was applied to model the uncertainties of variables. A new non-probabilistic reliability model was proposed based on the robustness of system to uncertainty. The non-probabilistic reliability model,the infinite norm model,and the probabilistic model were used to assess the reliability of a steel beam,respectively. The results show that the resistance is allowed to couple with the action effect in the non-probabilistic reliability model. Additionally,the non-probabilistic reliability model becomes the same accurate as probabilistic model with the increase of the bounded uncertain information. The model is decided by the available data and information.展开更多
A tag-collision (or missed reads) in RFID system (Radio Frequency Identification) system degrades the identification efficiency. The so-called tag collision is that a reader cannot identify a tag when more than one ta...A tag-collision (or missed reads) in RFID system (Radio Frequency Identification) system degrades the identification efficiency. The so-called tag collision is that a reader cannot identify a tag when more than one tags respond to a reader at the same time. There are some major anti-collision protocols on resolving tag collision, e.g., ALOHA-based protocol, binary tree protocol, and Query Tree (QT) protocol. Up to date, most tag anti-collision protocols are QT protocols. QT protocols are categorized into M-ary query tree (QT). In the previous literature, choosing M = 3 (i.e., a ternary QT (TQT)) was proven to have the optimum performance for tag identification. Recently, Yeh et al. used parallel response approach to reduce the number of collisions. In this paper, we combine the partial response and TQT to propose an effective parallel response TQT (PRTQT) protocol. Simulation results reveal that our PRTQT outperforms Yeh et al.’s protocol and TQT protocol.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （90302010）, Technical Foundation Resources Data Platform of Basic Construction, Ministry of Education of the People＇s Republic of China （505016） and Western Light Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘The seeds of Limonium aureum （L.） Hill. were dried from 8.92% to 2.88% moisture content in a desiccating container with silica gel. After ultra-drying the seeds were accelerated aged （50 ℃, 1 month）, and some physiological indices, including the electrical conductivity, dehydrogenase activity, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, glutathione reductase （GR）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, catalase （CAT）, volatile aldehydes and malondialdehyde （MDA） were tested. The results indicated that dehydrogenase, POD, SOD, GR, APX and CAT activities of the ultra-dry seeds were higher than the control seeds, while volatile aldehydes and malondialdehyde were lower than the control group. The results suggest that ultra-drying is beneficial for maintaining the vigor of L. aureum seeds at a high level. Thus, L. aureum seeds could be stored under ultra-dry conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52174045)。
文摘Natural fractures(NFs)are common in shale and tight reservoirs,where staged multi-cluster fracturing of horizontal wells is a prevalent technique for reservoir stimulation.While NFs and stress interference are recognized as significant factors affecting hydraulic fracture(HF)propagation,the combined influence of these factors remains poorly understood.To address this knowledge gap,a novel coupled hydromechanical-damage(HMD)model based on the phase field method is developed to investigate the propagation of multi-cluster HFs in fractured reservoirs.The comprehensive energy functional and control functions are established,while incorporating dynamic fluid distribution between multiple perforation clusters and refined changes in rock mechanical parameters during hydraulic fracturing.The HMD coupled multi-cluster HF propagation model investigates various scenarios,including single HF and single NF,reservoir heterogeneity,single HF and NF clusters,and multi-cluster HFs with NF clusters.The results show that the HMD coupling model can accurately capture the impact of approach angle(θ),stress difference and cementation strength on the interaction of HF and NF.The criterion of the open and cross zones is not fixed.The NF angle(a)is not a decisive parameter to discriminate the interaction.According to the relationship between approach angle(θ)and NF angle(a),the contact relationship of HF can be divided into three categories(θ=a,θ<a,andθ>a).The connected NF can increase the complexity of HF by inducing it to form branch fracture,resulting in a fractal dimension of HF as high as2.1280 at angles of±45°.Inter-fracture interference from the heel to the toe of HF shows the phenomenon of no,strong and weak interference.Interestingly,under the influence of NFs,distant HFs from the injection can become dominant fractures.However,as a gradually increases,inter-fracture stress interference becomes the primary factor influencing HF propagation,gradually superseding the dominance of NF induced fractures.
基金This research was supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (No. 2001BA901A33)
文摘Objective To study the effects and the mechanisms of extract from a leguminous plant （Ammopiptanthus mongolicus cheng f.） （JAl ） in northwest China on inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cell in vitro. Methods The HepG2 cell line was used as target cells. The effect of 3A 1 on HepG2 cell growth was detected by microculture tetrazolium assay （MTr）, flow cytometry assay, DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and transmission electronic microscopy. The expressive effect of the wt-p53 in HepG2 cells was analyzed with p53 protein test-reagent. Results JAl not only had significant anti-proliferative effects depending upon time and dosage, but also induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Apoptotic typical morphological changes were observed in JAl-treated HepG2 cells under transmission electronic microscope, ＂Sub-G 1＂ phase peak occurred in flow cytometry and DNA ＂ladder＂ was found in DNA agarose gel electrophoresis. The expression of the wt-p53 increased in vitro, and 3Al-treated HepG2 and the positive cell percentage of the wt-p53 protein also increased. Conclusions JAl could obviously induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of HepG2 cells in vitro, and these effects are closely related with the increase of wt-p53 expression. JAl can be used as a good source of medicinal plant for the treatment of hepatocarcinoma.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30470277）, Gansu Key Technologies R ＆ D Program （GS022-A41-045）, Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China （ZS031-A25-039-D） and Gansu Agricultural Bio-technology R ＆ D Project.
文摘Two homologous genes of the Arabidopsis C-repeat/dehydration-responsive element binding factors （CBF/ DREB1） transcriptional activator were isolated by RT-PCR from Chinese cabbage （Brassica pekinensis Rupr. cv. Qinbai 5） and were designated as BcCBF1 and BcCBF2. Each encodes a putative CBF/DREB1 protein with an AP2 （Apetal2） DNA-bindlng domain, a putative nuclear localization signal, and a possible acidic activation domain. Deduced amino acid sequences show that BcCBF1 is very similar to the Arabidopsis CBF1, whereas BcCBF2 Is different in that it contains two extra regions of 24 and 20 amino acids in the acidic domain. The mRNA accumulation profiles indicated that the expression of BcCBF1 and BcCBF2 is strongly induced by cold treatment, but does not respond similarly to dehydration or abscisic acid （ABA） treatment. However, the cold-induced accumulation of BcCBF2 mRNA was rapid but short-lived compared with that of BcCBFI. The mRNA levels of both BcCBF1 and BcCBF2 were higher in leaves than in roots when plants were exposed to cold, whereas, salt stress caused higher accumulation of BcCBF2 mRNA in roots than in leaves, suggesting that the organ specificity of the gene expression of the BcCBFs is probably stress dependent. In addition, the accumulation of BcCBF1 and BcCBF2 mRNAs was greatly enhanced by light compared with darkness when seedlings were exposed to cold. It is concluded that the two BcCBF proteins may be involved in the process of plant response to cold stress through an ABA-independent pathway and that there is also a cross-talk between the light signaling conduction pathway and the cold response pathway in B. pekinensis as in Arabidopsis.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81673253Jilin Provincial Ministry of Education S&T Project,No.JJKH20190091KJ。
文摘BACKGROUND Schizophrenia(SCZ)is a complex disease which can be affected by both genetic and environmental factors.Prenatal famine exposure may cause changes in DNA methylation levels of genes.Meanwhile,maternal nutrition during pregnancy is a pivotal environmental factor in the development of SCZ.DNA methylation may be an intermediate factor mediating exposure to famine during pregnancy and SCZ,and DNA methylation quantitative trait loci might serve as a promising tool for linking SCZ and prenatal famine.AIM To analyze the association between prenatal famine exposure and SCZ risk in Northeast Han Chinese through analysis of DNA methylation related loci.METHODS A total of 954 Han Chinese from Northeast China were recruited,including 443 patients with SCZ and 511 healthy controls.The participants were further divided into famine(born in 1960-1962)and non-famine(born in 1963-1965)groups to investigate the effect of prenatal famine exposure.Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)selected according to the relevant literature were genotyped,namely,rs11917047 in PTPRG,rs2239681 in IGF2,rs3842756 in INSIGF,and rs61955196 in ABCB9.DNA were extracted from peripheral blood samples,and the genotypes of these SNP loci were detected using the improved Multiple Ligase Detection Reaction multiple SNP typing technique.The associations of the DNA methylation related SNPs with SCZ risk and prenatal famine,and their interactions were analyzed using logistic regression analysis and generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction(GMDR)software.RESULTS Based on the sequencing data,genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the four selected SNPs were determined.All genotype frequencies of the four SNPs in the healthy control group were tested for deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that rs61955196 was significantly associated with SCZ risk in the log-additive model[odds ratio(OR):1.22;95%confidence interval(CI):1.01-1.48;P=0.040].We also found that the rs61955196 allele was re
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.20974062,30700175)National Basic Research Program (Nos.2009CB930400,2012CB821500)China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists (No.21025417)
文摘Hyperbranched polysulfonamine （HPSA） is a promising biomaterial due to its highly branched spherical architecture and efficient intracellular translocation. To realize the fianctionalization of HPSA, both N-succinimidyl 3-（2- pyridyldithio） propionate （SPDP） for tethering the human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody CH12 and N-hydroxy succinimidyl S-acetylmercaptoacetyltriglycinate （NHS-MAG3） for labeling 188Re were sequentially grafted onto the primary amine terminals of HPSA via covalent linkages, attaining the SPDP-HPSA-MAG3 intermediate. In order to reserve the structural integrity of CH12, the fragment crystallizable （Fc） region was also processed by oxidation of oligosaccharide moieties with sodium periodate and then reacted with N-（κ-maleimidoundecanoic acid） hydrazide （KMUH）. After chelating 188Re with MAG3 group, the SPDP was reduced to PDP and connected onto the maleinimide group at the Fc region. As a result, both the epidermal growth factor receptor viii （EGFRvIII） targeted monoclonal antibody CH12 and the radionuclide 188Re were conjugated to the HPSA-based vehicles, forming the 188Re-labeled and CH12-tethered HPSA （CH12-HPSA- 188Re）. The molecular weight and in vitro stability of CH12-HPSA-188Re were evaluated by gel electrophoresis and paper chromatography. On one hand, the CH12-HPSA-188Re could specifically bind to the EGFRvlII-positive human hepatocarcinoma cells in vitro. On the other hand, it could also target at the tumor tissue of nude mice in vivo. Hence, the CH12-HPSA-188Re could effectively target at the human hepatocarcinoma and facilitate the tumor detection and targeted radioimmunotherapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30470274)the Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. Y306087)the Zijin Program of Zhejiang University for Young Teachers, China.
文摘The anatomical and chemical characteristics of a rolling leaf mutant （rlm） of rice （Oryza sativa L.） and its ecophysiological properties in photosynthesis and apoplastic transport were investigated. Compared with the wild type （WT）, the areas of whole vascular bundles and xylem as well as the ratios of xylem area/whole vascular bundles area and xylem area/phloem area were higher in rim, whereas the area and the width of foliar bulliform cell were lower. The Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） microspectroscopy spectra of foliar cell walls differed greatly between rim and WT. The rim exhibited lower protein and polysaccharide contents of foliar cell walls. An obvious reduction of pectin content was also found in rim by biochemical measurements. Moreover, the rate of photosynthesis was depressed while the conductance of stoma and the intercellular CO2 concentration were enhanced in rim. The PTS fluorescence, which represents the ability of apoplastic transport, was 11% higher in rim than in WT. These results suggest that the changes in anatomical and chemical characteristics of foliar vascular bundles, such as the reduction of proteins, pectins, and other polysaccharides of foliar cell walls, participate in the leaf rolling mutation, and consequently lead to the reduced photosynthetic dynamics and apoplastic transport ability in the mutant.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 10847004.
文摘We report a calculation of binding energy of the ground state of a hydrogenic donor in a quantum cylindrical GaAs dot surrounded by Ga1−xAlxAs with finite confinement potentials,in the presence of a uniform electric field applied parallel to the dot axis.The binding energy increases inchmeal as the radius of the dot decreases until a maximum value for a certain value of the quantum dot radii,then begins to drop quickly.Results for the binding energies and electronic wave function density of the hydrogenic-donor as functions of the impurity position,dot thickness and applied electric field are also presented.
基金supported by the Key Program National Natural Science Foundation of China(41830321)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31770432,32071482)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(lzujbky-2020-31)。
文摘Auxin and auxin-mediated signaling pathways are known to regulate lateral root development.Although exocytic vesicle trafficking plays an important role in recycling the PIN-FORMED(PIN)auxin efflux carriers and in polar auxin transport during lateral root formation,the mechanistic details of these processes are not well understood.Here,we demonstrate that BYPASS1-LIKE(B1 L)regulates lateral root initiation via exocytic vesicular trafficking-mediated PIN recycling in Arabidopsis thaliana.b1 l mutants contained significantly more lateral roots than the wild type,primarily due to increased lateral root primordium initiation.Furthermore,the auxin signal was stronger in stage I lateral root primordia of b1 l than in those of the wild type.Treatment with exogenous auxin and an auxin transport inhibitor indicated that the lateral root phenotype of b1 l could be attributed to higher auxin levels and that B1 L regulates auxin efflux.Indeed,compared to the wild type,C-terminally green fluorescent protein-tagged PIN1 and PIN3 accumulated at higher levels in b1 l lateral root primordia.B1 L interacted with the exocyst,and b1 l showed defective PIN exocytosis.These observations indicate that B1 L interacts with the exocyst to regulate PIN-mediated polar auxin transport and lateral root initiation in Arabidopsis.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51008100)the Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant No.2011CB013604)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant No.ZR2001EEQ028)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Weihai(Grant No.2010-3-96)the Natural Scientific Research Innovation Foundation in Harbin Institute of Technology(Grant No.HIT.NSRIF.201009)
文摘Probabilistic reliability model established by insufficient data is inaccessible. The convex model was applied to model the uncertainties of variables. A new non-probabilistic reliability model was proposed based on the robustness of system to uncertainty. The non-probabilistic reliability model,the infinite norm model,and the probabilistic model were used to assess the reliability of a steel beam,respectively. The results show that the resistance is allowed to couple with the action effect in the non-probabilistic reliability model. Additionally,the non-probabilistic reliability model becomes the same accurate as probabilistic model with the increase of the bounded uncertain information. The model is decided by the available data and information.
文摘A tag-collision (or missed reads) in RFID system (Radio Frequency Identification) system degrades the identification efficiency. The so-called tag collision is that a reader cannot identify a tag when more than one tags respond to a reader at the same time. There are some major anti-collision protocols on resolving tag collision, e.g., ALOHA-based protocol, binary tree protocol, and Query Tree (QT) protocol. Up to date, most tag anti-collision protocols are QT protocols. QT protocols are categorized into M-ary query tree (QT). In the previous literature, choosing M = 3 (i.e., a ternary QT (TQT)) was proven to have the optimum performance for tag identification. Recently, Yeh et al. used parallel response approach to reduce the number of collisions. In this paper, we combine the partial response and TQT to propose an effective parallel response TQT (PRTQT) protocol. Simulation results reveal that our PRTQT outperforms Yeh et al.’s protocol and TQT protocol.
