The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of bovine cysticercosis in both cattle and buffloas, in Egypt and to assess the cysticidal efficacy of Balanites aegyptiaca fruits (B. aegyptiaca) and Morin...The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of bovine cysticercosis in both cattle and buffloas, in Egypt and to assess the cysticidal efficacy of Balanites aegyptiaca fruits (B. aegyptiaca) and Moringa oleifera seeds (M. oleifera) extracts in experimentally infected mice. The study detected the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) to monitor the immune and inflammatory responses of experimentally infected mice. Through meat inspection, a total number of 2125 male bovine, 2 to 5 years old, (1125 cattle and 1000 buffloes) were examined under the authority of Albsatine and Alwaraq official abattoirs in Cairo Governorate, Egypt covering the period extended from March 2022 to April 2023. The overall prevalence of the disease among bovine was 7.8% (6.31% of cattle and 9.5% of buffloes). Besides, B. aegyptiaca and M. oleifera extracts showed cysticidal activity in experimentally infected mice. A decrease in the numbers of cysticerci was found in all treated mice groups, and up to 88% reduction was achieved in the B. aegyptiaca-treated group;higher than that was recorded in both M. oleifera (72.23%) and albendazole-treated ones (80.56%). Postmortem findings proved that M. oleifera and B. aegyptiaca reduced cysticerci numbers comparable to a commercial anthelmintic. The study showed a significant decrease (P 0.001) in TNF-α levels after treatment with Balanites and Moringa extracts, compared with the untreated control and the albendazole-treated groups.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the phytochemical constituents, and to explore potential protective effect of the methanol extract of Moringa oleifera(M. oleifera) seeds and Egyptian propolis, each alone or concurrently adminis...Objective: To analyze the phytochemical constituents, and to explore potential protective effect of the methanol extract of Moringa oleifera(M. oleifera) seeds and Egyptian propolis, each alone or concurrently administered on acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Methods: Eight groups of 5 rats each were used: normal control group with distilled water, model group, two groups with M. oleifera seeds(100 and 200 mg/kg), two groups with propolis(50 and 100 mg/kg), one group with concurrent administration of both, and one group with prednisolone(reference drug). Macro-and microscopic picture, ulcer index and lesion scores, oxidative markers, inflammatory mediators, in vitro activity of the inflammatory enzymes and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radicals scavenging activity were evaluated. The phytochemical constituents of both extracts were explored by GC-MS analysis. Results: Both treatments modulated the macro-and microscopic picture, decreased the ulcerative index, lesion score, oxidative markers and inflammatory mediators, and inhibited the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. Propolis appeared to be powerful free radicals scavenger. A powerful synergistic effect of both treatments in modulating the course of the disease was reported. GCMS analysis of methanol extract of M. oleifera seeds and propolis revealed the presence of 50 and 34 compounds, respectively. Conclusions: M. oleifera seeds and propolis methanol extracts have modulated the course of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis. Moreover, both treatments induce a good synergistic effect against the disease. Isolation of the active constituents is recommended.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third leading cause of tumor </span&...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third leading cause of tumor </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">related mortality and develops mostly in patients with chronic liver disease and</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">liver cirrhosis. Human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is produced in various</span> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">organs of the body and is characterized as a multifunctional factor with vari</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ous biologic activities. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Our aim was to investigate the predictive factors of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">recurrence specially the role of HGF in patients with HCC treated with TACE. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Patients and Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> one hundred HCC patients treated by TACE who </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">achieved complete response were included and divided into two groups a</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ccording to disease free survival (DFS) status at 1 year: the non</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">early recurrence</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (NER) group (1) and the early recurrence (ER) group (2). Univariate binary logistic regression analysis for the possible risk factors of recurrence showed that AFP, multinodularity and HGF level were significant. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> high </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">AFP, multinodularity and high HGF were inter-related possible risk factor</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 1-year recurrence of HCC i展开更多
Bisphosphonates are among the most frequently used antiresorptive drugs for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. We review here two of the commonly used bisphosphonates zoledronate and alendronate.
Single crystal silicon freestanding structures for tensile and fatigue testing were treated with KrF excimer laser to improve surface roughness and accordingly mechanical performance. Sample thickness was 5 μm. Local...Single crystal silicon freestanding structures for tensile and fatigue testing were treated with KrF excimer laser to improve surface roughness and accordingly mechanical performance. Sample thickness was 5 μm. Localized laser treatment was successful in eliminating the scallops developed during Bosch process and in reducing surface roughness. Harsh irradiation at laser energies up to 4 J/cm2 was only possible due to localized treatment without significant vibrations occurring on the freestanding samples that led to fracture in preliminary experiments at energies as low as 0.16 J/cm2. Finite element analysis was used to investigate the temperature distribution on the irradiated structures. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy were also used to assess surface roughness, crystallinity changes and surface stresses developing on surfaces subjected to perpendicular laser irradiation. At a high energy (3.2 J/cm2) the top surface showed a decrease of roughness compared to fabricated samples. Raman spectroscopy showed the dominance of crystalline silicon after laser irradiation. The effects of laser energy, number of展开更多
Background: Urinary tract infections UTIs occur repeatedly after stroke and are related to bad outcomes with increased rates of deterioration in neurological state during hospitalization, death or long term disability...Background: Urinary tract infections UTIs occur repeatedly after stroke and are related to bad outcomes with increased rates of deterioration in neurological state during hospitalization, death or long term disability as well as increased length of hospitalization. Factors found to predict UTI include stroke severity, depressed consciousness level, increased post-void residual urine volume, and diabetes mellitus. Stroke severity appears to be the most important predictor of infection risk. We aimed to determine the risk factors associated with UTI after acute stroke, and its association with outcome. Subjects and Methods: This is prospective cohort study. We analysed clinical data of 100 patients with first ever ischemic stroke. We assessed risk factors for UTI, as well as clinical outcome. Results: Urinary tract infection was found in 72% of our subjects. On univariate analysis, patients with UTI were more likely to have had a more severe stroke, more likely to be catheterized and more likely to have a higher serum creatinine level. The multivariate analysis revealed that greater stroke severity was independently associated with increased risk of developing UTI. Greater stroke severity measured by CSS was independently associated with unfavorable outcome on discharge. Conclusion: UTI is common after acute stroke. It is associated with more severe stroke.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of n-hexane, dichloromethane(DCM), ethyl acetate(EtOAc), n-butanol and aqueous fractions of Moringa oleifera(M. oleifera) leaves methanol e...Objective: To evaluate the potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of n-hexane, dichloromethane(DCM), ethyl acetate(EtOAc), n-butanol and aqueous fractions of Moringa oleifera(M. oleifera) leaves methanol extract against carbon tetrachloride(CCl_4)-induced liver injury in rats. Methods: These fractions were prepared from the M. oleifera leaves methanol extract by solubilization in water and partitioning in n-hexane, EtOAc, DCM and n-butanol. Their phyto-components were identified by GC-MS analysis. The in vitro antioxidant effect of these fractions was carried out by assessment of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity. A total of 40 Sprague Dawley rats were allocated into 8 equal groups: group 1 given olive oil(1 m L/kg b.wt.), group 2 injected with CCl_4, group 3 to 7 administered with n-hexane, DCM, EtOAc, n-butanol and aqueous fractions, respectively after CCl_4, group 8 administered with silymarin after CCl_4. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, total proteins and albumin in serum were determined spectrophotometrically. Glutathione reduced, lipid peroxide by-products levels, glutathione-s-transferase and catalase enzyme activities in the liver homogenate were determined by spectrophotometer. Liver specimens were also examined for histopathological alterations under light microscope. Results: The GCMS analysis of different fractions of the M. oleifera leaves methanol extract revealed that n-hexane, DCM, EtOAc, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions contained 17, 22, 23, 19 and 32 compounds, respectively. The percent and the molecular structure of each component in each fraction were identified. The n-butanol and EtOAc fractions exhibited the strongest in vitro antioxidant activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. CCl_4 significantly decreased glutathione reduced and total proteins concentration and glutathione-s-transferase and catalase activities but increased lipid peroxide by-products and 展开更多
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological condition seen as histological change ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis and liver disease among patients without significant...Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological condition seen as histological change ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis and liver disease among patients without significant alcohol consumption. Microalbuminuria which is defined as the urinary albumin excretion of 30 - 300 mg/24h has been reported to be a risk factor for renal and cardiovascular disorders. It also has independent correlation to high mortality in diabetic and hypertensive patients. NAFLD is affecting non obese non diabetic individuals;Microalbuminuria is correlated to visceral adipose tissue even in non diabetic non obese patients with limited studies in this aspect. Microalbuminuria is considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. Aim of the work: To assess urinary albumin creatinine ratio in non-obese non-diabetic patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Patients and methods: Total number of 80 patients with NAFLD that were non diabetic non obese patients. Abdominal ultrasonography and laboratory investigations were done. Results: Eighty non-obese, non-diabetic subjects (32 women, 48 men) with the mean age of 50.9 were included in this study. The population of the study was classified into four groups according to ultrasonographic degrees of steatosis. Control Group (A), (No. 25) 31.25% of total cases are reported as no fat accumulation in liver. Group B;No. 21 26.25% of total cases are reported as had mild steatosis (NAFLD 1). Group C;No. 18 (22.5%) of total cases and reported as had moderate fat accumulation (moderate steatosis). Group D;No. 16 (20%) of total cases reported had severe fat accumulation (severe steatosis). Urinary albumin creatinine ratio also shows increase in its values with increasing in the degree of steatosis among different groups which is highly statistically significant. Triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL show also significant changes between groups as they are significantly increased in value as regard increasing in degree of steatosis展开更多
The secondary metabolites produced by algae(including macroalgae and microalgae)possess several human health benefits.The bioactive compounds in algae have potential to be used in the medical and pharmaceutical indust...The secondary metabolites produced by algae(including macroalgae and microalgae)possess several human health benefits.The bioactive compounds in algae have potential to be used in the medical and pharmaceutical industries for drug discovery.The rapid development of genetic tools and omics approaches has extended the understanding of algal metabolism along with enhanced productivity and improving the properties of bioactive compounds.Thus,the focus of this review is to discuss the molecular progress on algae for bioactive compound production which includes genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics.The comprehensive discussion on multi-omics approaches provides the potential knowledge for future research.The structural and functional genomics,application of genetic tools,molecular mechanisms of bioactive compound synthesis,protein modification,and the omics performance of algae at various levels under abiotic stress are discussed.Gene annotation and identification of key functions are the basis of genomics which provides the comprehensive overview of genetic modification.The recent development of molecular modifications and their application in algae to produce high-yield bioactive compounds that meet human needs through the optimization of algal target strains are also emphasized.The exploration of the molecular mechanisms of bioactive compounds under abiotic stress is of great practical significance to guide the optimization of culture conditions.展开更多
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease with wide variability in clinical presentation. Bladder dysfunctions are very common in MS patients. Early detection of bladder abnormalities is important to improve th...Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease with wide variability in clinical presentation. Bladder dysfunctions are very common in MS patients. Early detection of bladder abnormalities is important to improve the outcome in MS patients. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the urodynamic detected bladder dysfunctions in relapsing remitting MS patients with mild or without lower urinary tract symptoms. Methods: This is a prospective study for 32 patients with relapsing remitting Multiple Sclerosis from January 2017 to June 2018. We included patients with mild or without lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) who had mild to moderate disability. Urodynamic studies were performed for all patients. Results: Urodynamic abnormalities were detected in 22 patients (68.75%). Detrusor overactivity (DO) was present alone in 8 patients (25%);DO combined with detrusor external sphincter dyssynergia in 8 patients (25%);DO with low compliant bladder and impaired contractility in another 4 patients (13%) while DO with low complaint bladder in 2 patients (6%). Bladder dysfunction was correlated to high disability score;longer duration of illness;frequent relapses and the presence of LUTS. Conclusion: Urodynamic abnormalities were found in 68.75% of our patients. This highlights the importance of urodynamic studies in the early evaluation of relapsing remitting Multiple Sclerosis.展开更多
Objective： Over 50% of the world populations are infected with Helicobacter pylori （H. pylori）. Most subjects are asymptomatic; however, in 1994, H. pylori has been categorized as group I carcinogen. The aim of the...Objective： Over 50% of the world populations are infected with Helicobacter pylori （H. pylori）. Most subjects are asymptomatic; however, in 1994, H. pylori has been categorized as group I carcinogen. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. Methods： Thirty gastric cancer patients （GCs） and 30 gastritis patients were enrolled in the study. H. pylori was cultured on non-selective and selective medias, infection density was assessed by quantitative culture. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed. PCR was done for the H. pylori 16S rRNA gene in addition to cagA, vacA and iceA genes. Results： H. pylori could be cultured from 100% of specimens obtained from all patients. The density of H. pylori was higher in cancer cases than in gastritis patients. The 16S rRNA was detected in all GC patients （100%） while it was only detected in 70% of gastritis patients. The cagA gene was found in 53.3% vs 13.3% of GC and gastritis patients, respectively. The vacA gene was present in all GC patients （by at least one of its alleles） while it was only found in 33.3% of gastritis patients. The vacA slml combination was the most predominant genotype in GC patients, while m2 was the commonest allele in gastritis patients （10%）. The iceA gene was found in 86.7% vs 40% of GC and gastritis patients, respectively. Simultaneous presence of multiple H. pyiori strains was proved, both phenotypically and genotypically. Conclusion： The development of GC is linked to infection with H. pylori harboring certain virulence genes. Higher infection density of H. pylori was found in GC patients. Co-existence of more than one strain of H. pylori in the same patient occurs in both malignant and benign lesions.展开更多
Purpose: Headache and epilepsy are common neurological disorders and their relationship is still incompletely known. The purpose of our work was to estimate the most common types of primary headache syndromes and its ...Purpose: Headache and epilepsy are common neurological disorders and their relationship is still incompletely known. The purpose of our work was to estimate the most common types of primary headache syndromes and its relation to seizure timing in epileptic patients in Upper Egypt. Patients & Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we evaluated headaches in 100 consecutive patients with idiopathic epilepsy attending the neurology outpatient clinic and the epilepsy clinic at Sohag university hospital by complete medical history, physical and neurologic examination EEG and CT brain. Results: Of our study population, 78% of patients with epilepsy reported headaches. Migraine occurred in 70.6% of patients with headache followed by tension-type headache in 25.58% of patients and other types of headaches occurred in 2.56% of patients. There were 8 patients (10.1%) had a pre-ictal headache, 52 patients (66.5%) had a postictal headache and 39 patients (50%) had an interictal headache. In our study, we found that the occurrence of headache being linked to the female sex, lower mean age, lower mean age at the onset of epilepsy, focal epilepsy, longer duration of epilepsy, high frequency of seizures and the use of polytherapy of antiepileptics. Conclusion: Headache especially migraine is an important comorbidity of epilepsy and should receive more attention especially in female patients, patients with younger age, lower mean age at epilepsy onset, longer duration of the disease, patients on polytherapy, patients with higher frequency of seizures and patients with focal epilepsy.展开更多
During soil fungal surveys in Egypt's New Valley Governorate,four significant fungal isolates from three different species have been reported.Two of these strains were uncovered in Egypt for the first time,while t...During soil fungal surveys in Egypt's New Valley Governorate,four significant fungal isolates from three different species have been reported.Two of these strains were uncovered in Egypt for the first time,while the other two may be potential new species.The four strains were identified as being Paramyrothecium spp.(two strains),Striaticonidium brachysporum,and Metarhizium pingshaense after the internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region of the isolates was sequenced and matched to the closest match strains in GenBank.The strains in this investigation are being documented for the first time in Egypt.The four strains are briefly described and microscopically displayed in the article.展开更多
We report here the structural, surface morphology, mechanical, and current voltage characteristics of Zn1-xMxO ceramic samples with various x and M （0.00≤〈 x ≤ 0.20, M = Ni, Cu）. It is found that the considered d...We report here the structural, surface morphology, mechanical, and current voltage characteristics of Zn1-xMxO ceramic samples with various x and M （0.00≤〈 x ≤ 0.20, M = Ni, Cu）. It is found that the considered dopants do not influence the well-known peaks related to the wurtzite structure of ZnO ceramics, while the shapes and the sizes of grains are clearly affected. The average crystalline diameters deduced from the SEM micrographs are between 2.06 μm and 4.8 μm for all samples. The oxygen element ratio is increased by both dopants. Interestingly, the potential barrier can be formed by adding Cu up to 0.20, while it is completely deformed by 0.025 Ni addition. The breakdown field can be enhanced up to 4138 V/cm by 0.025 Cu addition, followed by a decrease with further increase of Cu up to 0.20. On the other hand, a gradual decrease in Vickers microhardness is reported for both dopants, and the values in the Ni samples are higher compared to those in the Cu samples. The electricul conductivity is generally improved by Ni, while the addition of Cu improves it only in the over doped region （≥ 0.10）. These results are discussed in terms of the differences of valency and ferromagnetic ordering.展开更多
The effect of excimer laser annealing on the structure and morphology of ceramic coatings were investigated. Alumina-40% zirconia (AZ-40) coatings were sprayed with a water-stabilized plasma spray gun. The coated surf...The effect of excimer laser annealing on the structure and morphology of ceramic coatings were investigated. Alumina-40% zirconia (AZ-40) coatings were sprayed with a water-stabilized plasma spray gun. The coated surface was treated by excimer laser having a wavelength of 248 nm and pulse duration of 24 ns. The surface structure of the treated coating was examined by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). A detailed parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of different parameters such as laser energy density (fluence), pulse repetition rate (PRR), and the number of shots on the mechanical properties, surface morphology, and microstructure of the coatings. The results of this study indicated that laser energy and pulse repetition rate have significant effects on surface morphology, porosity, and microstructure of the coating.展开更多
We report here the paraconductivity of ErBa2Cu3-xMxO7-δ （M = Zn and Fe） superconductors. The logarithmic plots of excess conductivity Δσ and reduced temperature C reveal two different exponents corresponding to c...We report here the paraconductivity of ErBa2Cu3-xMxO7-δ （M = Zn and Fe） superconductors. The logarithmic plots of excess conductivity Δσ and reduced temperature C reveal two different exponents corresponding to crossover temperature as a result of shifting the order parameter from 2 to 3. The first exponent in the normal field region is close to 1, in which the order parameter dimensionality （OPD） is 2. The second exponent in the critical field region is close to 0.5, in which the OPD is 3. The coherence length, interlayer coupling, interlayer separation and carrier concentration decrease with increasing doping content, and their values for Fe samples are different from those of Zn samples. While anisotropy is increased with increasing doping content, it is generally higher for a Zn sample than that for an Fe sample. We also estimate several physical parameters such as upper critical magnetic fields in the a–b plane and along the c axis （Bab and Bc）, and critical current density J at 0 K. Although Bab and Bc are generally increased with doping content increasing, the value of Bab is found to be twice more than that of Bc. A similar behavior is obtained for J （0 K） and its value is higher in the Fe sample than that in the Zn sample. These results are discussed in terms of oxygen deficiency, localization of carriers, and flux pinning, which are produced by doping.展开更多
文摘The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of bovine cysticercosis in both cattle and buffloas, in Egypt and to assess the cysticidal efficacy of Balanites aegyptiaca fruits (B. aegyptiaca) and Moringa oleifera seeds (M. oleifera) extracts in experimentally infected mice. The study detected the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) to monitor the immune and inflammatory responses of experimentally infected mice. Through meat inspection, a total number of 2125 male bovine, 2 to 5 years old, (1125 cattle and 1000 buffloes) were examined under the authority of Albsatine and Alwaraq official abattoirs in Cairo Governorate, Egypt covering the period extended from March 2022 to April 2023. The overall prevalence of the disease among bovine was 7.8% (6.31% of cattle and 9.5% of buffloes). Besides, B. aegyptiaca and M. oleifera extracts showed cysticidal activity in experimentally infected mice. A decrease in the numbers of cysticerci was found in all treated mice groups, and up to 88% reduction was achieved in the B. aegyptiaca-treated group;higher than that was recorded in both M. oleifera (72.23%) and albendazole-treated ones (80.56%). Postmortem findings proved that M. oleifera and B. aegyptiaca reduced cysticerci numbers comparable to a commercial anthelmintic. The study showed a significant decrease (P 0.001) in TNF-α levels after treatment with Balanites and Moringa extracts, compared with the untreated control and the albendazole-treated groups.
文摘Objective: To analyze the phytochemical constituents, and to explore potential protective effect of the methanol extract of Moringa oleifera(M. oleifera) seeds and Egyptian propolis, each alone or concurrently administered on acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Methods: Eight groups of 5 rats each were used: normal control group with distilled water, model group, two groups with M. oleifera seeds(100 and 200 mg/kg), two groups with propolis(50 and 100 mg/kg), one group with concurrent administration of both, and one group with prednisolone(reference drug). Macro-and microscopic picture, ulcer index and lesion scores, oxidative markers, inflammatory mediators, in vitro activity of the inflammatory enzymes and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radicals scavenging activity were evaluated. The phytochemical constituents of both extracts were explored by GC-MS analysis. Results: Both treatments modulated the macro-and microscopic picture, decreased the ulcerative index, lesion score, oxidative markers and inflammatory mediators, and inhibited the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. Propolis appeared to be powerful free radicals scavenger. A powerful synergistic effect of both treatments in modulating the course of the disease was reported. GCMS analysis of methanol extract of M. oleifera seeds and propolis revealed the presence of 50 and 34 compounds, respectively. Conclusions: M. oleifera seeds and propolis methanol extracts have modulated the course of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis. Moreover, both treatments induce a good synergistic effect against the disease. Isolation of the active constituents is recommended.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third leading cause of tumor </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">related mortality and develops mostly in patients with chronic liver disease and</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">liver cirrhosis. Human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is produced in various</span> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">organs of the body and is characterized as a multifunctional factor with vari</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ous biologic activities. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Our aim was to investigate the predictive factors of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">recurrence specially the role of HGF in patients with HCC treated with TACE. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Patients and Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> one hundred HCC patients treated by TACE who </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">achieved complete response were included and divided into two groups a</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ccording to disease free survival (DFS) status at 1 year: the non</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">early recurrence</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (NER) group (1) and the early recurrence (ER) group (2). Univariate binary logistic regression analysis for the possible risk factors of recurrence showed that AFP, multinodularity and HGF level were significant. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> high </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">AFP, multinodularity and high HGF were inter-related possible risk factor</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 1-year recurrence of HCC i
文摘Bisphosphonates are among the most frequently used antiresorptive drugs for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. We review here two of the commonly used bisphosphonates zoledronate and alendronate.
文摘Single crystal silicon freestanding structures for tensile and fatigue testing were treated with KrF excimer laser to improve surface roughness and accordingly mechanical performance. Sample thickness was 5 μm. Localized laser treatment was successful in eliminating the scallops developed during Bosch process and in reducing surface roughness. Harsh irradiation at laser energies up to 4 J/cm2 was only possible due to localized treatment without significant vibrations occurring on the freestanding samples that led to fracture in preliminary experiments at energies as low as 0.16 J/cm2. Finite element analysis was used to investigate the temperature distribution on the irradiated structures. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy were also used to assess surface roughness, crystallinity changes and surface stresses developing on surfaces subjected to perpendicular laser irradiation. At a high energy (3.2 J/cm2) the top surface showed a decrease of roughness compared to fabricated samples. Raman spectroscopy showed the dominance of crystalline silicon after laser irradiation. The effects of laser energy, number of
文摘Background: Urinary tract infections UTIs occur repeatedly after stroke and are related to bad outcomes with increased rates of deterioration in neurological state during hospitalization, death or long term disability as well as increased length of hospitalization. Factors found to predict UTI include stroke severity, depressed consciousness level, increased post-void residual urine volume, and diabetes mellitus. Stroke severity appears to be the most important predictor of infection risk. We aimed to determine the risk factors associated with UTI after acute stroke, and its association with outcome. Subjects and Methods: This is prospective cohort study. We analysed clinical data of 100 patients with first ever ischemic stroke. We assessed risk factors for UTI, as well as clinical outcome. Results: Urinary tract infection was found in 72% of our subjects. On univariate analysis, patients with UTI were more likely to have had a more severe stroke, more likely to be catheterized and more likely to have a higher serum creatinine level. The multivariate analysis revealed that greater stroke severity was independently associated with increased risk of developing UTI. Greater stroke severity measured by CSS was independently associated with unfavorable outcome on discharge. Conclusion: UTI is common after acute stroke. It is associated with more severe stroke.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of n-hexane, dichloromethane(DCM), ethyl acetate(EtOAc), n-butanol and aqueous fractions of Moringa oleifera(M. oleifera) leaves methanol extract against carbon tetrachloride(CCl_4)-induced liver injury in rats. Methods: These fractions were prepared from the M. oleifera leaves methanol extract by solubilization in water and partitioning in n-hexane, EtOAc, DCM and n-butanol. Their phyto-components were identified by GC-MS analysis. The in vitro antioxidant effect of these fractions was carried out by assessment of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity. A total of 40 Sprague Dawley rats were allocated into 8 equal groups: group 1 given olive oil(1 m L/kg b.wt.), group 2 injected with CCl_4, group 3 to 7 administered with n-hexane, DCM, EtOAc, n-butanol and aqueous fractions, respectively after CCl_4, group 8 administered with silymarin after CCl_4. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, total proteins and albumin in serum were determined spectrophotometrically. Glutathione reduced, lipid peroxide by-products levels, glutathione-s-transferase and catalase enzyme activities in the liver homogenate were determined by spectrophotometer. Liver specimens were also examined for histopathological alterations under light microscope. Results: The GCMS analysis of different fractions of the M. oleifera leaves methanol extract revealed that n-hexane, DCM, EtOAc, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions contained 17, 22, 23, 19 and 32 compounds, respectively. The percent and the molecular structure of each component in each fraction were identified. The n-butanol and EtOAc fractions exhibited the strongest in vitro antioxidant activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. CCl_4 significantly decreased glutathione reduced and total proteins concentration and glutathione-s-transferase and catalase activities but increased lipid peroxide by-products and
文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological condition seen as histological change ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis and liver disease among patients without significant alcohol consumption. Microalbuminuria which is defined as the urinary albumin excretion of 30 - 300 mg/24h has been reported to be a risk factor for renal and cardiovascular disorders. It also has independent correlation to high mortality in diabetic and hypertensive patients. NAFLD is affecting non obese non diabetic individuals;Microalbuminuria is correlated to visceral adipose tissue even in non diabetic non obese patients with limited studies in this aspect. Microalbuminuria is considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. Aim of the work: To assess urinary albumin creatinine ratio in non-obese non-diabetic patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Patients and methods: Total number of 80 patients with NAFLD that were non diabetic non obese patients. Abdominal ultrasonography and laboratory investigations were done. Results: Eighty non-obese, non-diabetic subjects (32 women, 48 men) with the mean age of 50.9 were included in this study. The population of the study was classified into four groups according to ultrasonographic degrees of steatosis. Control Group (A), (No. 25) 31.25% of total cases are reported as no fat accumulation in liver. Group B;No. 21 26.25% of total cases are reported as had mild steatosis (NAFLD 1). Group C;No. 18 (22.5%) of total cases and reported as had moderate fat accumulation (moderate steatosis). Group D;No. 16 (20%) of total cases reported had severe fat accumulation (severe steatosis). Urinary albumin creatinine ratio also shows increase in its values with increasing in the degree of steatosis among different groups which is highly statistically significant. Triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL show also significant changes between groups as they are significantly increased in value as regard increasing in degree of steatosis
基金supported by the startup fund for the construction of the double first-class project(No.561119201),Lanzhou University,China.
文摘The secondary metabolites produced by algae(including macroalgae and microalgae)possess several human health benefits.The bioactive compounds in algae have potential to be used in the medical and pharmaceutical industries for drug discovery.The rapid development of genetic tools and omics approaches has extended the understanding of algal metabolism along with enhanced productivity and improving the properties of bioactive compounds.Thus,the focus of this review is to discuss the molecular progress on algae for bioactive compound production which includes genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics.The comprehensive discussion on multi-omics approaches provides the potential knowledge for future research.The structural and functional genomics,application of genetic tools,molecular mechanisms of bioactive compound synthesis,protein modification,and the omics performance of algae at various levels under abiotic stress are discussed.Gene annotation and identification of key functions are the basis of genomics which provides the comprehensive overview of genetic modification.The recent development of molecular modifications and their application in algae to produce high-yield bioactive compounds that meet human needs through the optimization of algal target strains are also emphasized.The exploration of the molecular mechanisms of bioactive compounds under abiotic stress is of great practical significance to guide the optimization of culture conditions.
文摘Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease with wide variability in clinical presentation. Bladder dysfunctions are very common in MS patients. Early detection of bladder abnormalities is important to improve the outcome in MS patients. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the urodynamic detected bladder dysfunctions in relapsing remitting MS patients with mild or without lower urinary tract symptoms. Methods: This is a prospective study for 32 patients with relapsing remitting Multiple Sclerosis from January 2017 to June 2018. We included patients with mild or without lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) who had mild to moderate disability. Urodynamic studies were performed for all patients. Results: Urodynamic abnormalities were detected in 22 patients (68.75%). Detrusor overactivity (DO) was present alone in 8 patients (25%);DO combined with detrusor external sphincter dyssynergia in 8 patients (25%);DO with low compliant bladder and impaired contractility in another 4 patients (13%) while DO with low complaint bladder in 2 patients (6%). Bladder dysfunction was correlated to high disability score;longer duration of illness;frequent relapses and the presence of LUTS. Conclusion: Urodynamic abnormalities were found in 68.75% of our patients. This highlights the importance of urodynamic studies in the early evaluation of relapsing remitting Multiple Sclerosis.
文摘Objective： Over 50% of the world populations are infected with Helicobacter pylori （H. pylori）. Most subjects are asymptomatic; however, in 1994, H. pylori has been categorized as group I carcinogen. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. Methods： Thirty gastric cancer patients （GCs） and 30 gastritis patients were enrolled in the study. H. pylori was cultured on non-selective and selective medias, infection density was assessed by quantitative culture. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed. PCR was done for the H. pylori 16S rRNA gene in addition to cagA, vacA and iceA genes. Results： H. pylori could be cultured from 100% of specimens obtained from all patients. The density of H. pylori was higher in cancer cases than in gastritis patients. The 16S rRNA was detected in all GC patients （100%） while it was only detected in 70% of gastritis patients. The cagA gene was found in 53.3% vs 13.3% of GC and gastritis patients, respectively. The vacA gene was present in all GC patients （by at least one of its alleles） while it was only found in 33.3% of gastritis patients. The vacA slml combination was the most predominant genotype in GC patients, while m2 was the commonest allele in gastritis patients （10%）. The iceA gene was found in 86.7% vs 40% of GC and gastritis patients, respectively. Simultaneous presence of multiple H. pyiori strains was proved, both phenotypically and genotypically. Conclusion： The development of GC is linked to infection with H. pylori harboring certain virulence genes. Higher infection density of H. pylori was found in GC patients. Co-existence of more than one strain of H. pylori in the same patient occurs in both malignant and benign lesions.
文摘Purpose: Headache and epilepsy are common neurological disorders and their relationship is still incompletely known. The purpose of our work was to estimate the most common types of primary headache syndromes and its relation to seizure timing in epileptic patients in Upper Egypt. Patients & Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we evaluated headaches in 100 consecutive patients with idiopathic epilepsy attending the neurology outpatient clinic and the epilepsy clinic at Sohag university hospital by complete medical history, physical and neurologic examination EEG and CT brain. Results: Of our study population, 78% of patients with epilepsy reported headaches. Migraine occurred in 70.6% of patients with headache followed by tension-type headache in 25.58% of patients and other types of headaches occurred in 2.56% of patients. There were 8 patients (10.1%) had a pre-ictal headache, 52 patients (66.5%) had a postictal headache and 39 patients (50%) had an interictal headache. In our study, we found that the occurrence of headache being linked to the female sex, lower mean age, lower mean age at the onset of epilepsy, focal epilepsy, longer duration of epilepsy, high frequency of seizures and the use of polytherapy of antiepileptics. Conclusion: Headache especially migraine is an important comorbidity of epilepsy and should receive more attention especially in female patients, patients with younger age, lower mean age at epilepsy onset, longer duration of the disease, patients on polytherapy, patients with higher frequency of seizures and patients with focal epilepsy.
文摘During soil fungal surveys in Egypt's New Valley Governorate,four significant fungal isolates from three different species have been reported.Two of these strains were uncovered in Egypt for the first time,while the other two may be potential new species.The four strains were identified as being Paramyrothecium spp.(two strains),Striaticonidium brachysporum,and Metarhizium pingshaense after the internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region of the isolates was sequenced and matched to the closest match strains in GenBank.The strains in this investigation are being documented for the first time in Egypt.The four strains are briefly described and microscopically displayed in the article.
文摘We report here the structural, surface morphology, mechanical, and current voltage characteristics of Zn1-xMxO ceramic samples with various x and M （0.00≤〈 x ≤ 0.20, M = Ni, Cu）. It is found that the considered dopants do not influence the well-known peaks related to the wurtzite structure of ZnO ceramics, while the shapes and the sizes of grains are clearly affected. The average crystalline diameters deduced from the SEM micrographs are between 2.06 μm and 4.8 μm for all samples. The oxygen element ratio is increased by both dopants. Interestingly, the potential barrier can be formed by adding Cu up to 0.20, while it is completely deformed by 0.025 Ni addition. The breakdown field can be enhanced up to 4138 V/cm by 0.025 Cu addition, followed by a decrease with further increase of Cu up to 0.20. On the other hand, a gradual decrease in Vickers microhardness is reported for both dopants, and the values in the Ni samples are higher compared to those in the Cu samples. The electricul conductivity is generally improved by Ni, while the addition of Cu improves it only in the over doped region （≥ 0.10）. These results are discussed in terms of the differences of valency and ferromagnetic ordering.
文摘The effect of excimer laser annealing on the structure and morphology of ceramic coatings were investigated. Alumina-40% zirconia (AZ-40) coatings were sprayed with a water-stabilized plasma spray gun. The coated surface was treated by excimer laser having a wavelength of 248 nm and pulse duration of 24 ns. The surface structure of the treated coating was examined by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). A detailed parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of different parameters such as laser energy density (fluence), pulse repetition rate (PRR), and the number of shots on the mechanical properties, surface morphology, and microstructure of the coatings. The results of this study indicated that laser energy and pulse repetition rate have significant effects on surface morphology, porosity, and microstructure of the coating.
文摘We report here the paraconductivity of ErBa2Cu3-xMxO7-δ （M = Zn and Fe） superconductors. The logarithmic plots of excess conductivity Δσ and reduced temperature C reveal two different exponents corresponding to crossover temperature as a result of shifting the order parameter from 2 to 3. The first exponent in the normal field region is close to 1, in which the order parameter dimensionality （OPD） is 2. The second exponent in the critical field region is close to 0.5, in which the OPD is 3. The coherence length, interlayer coupling, interlayer separation and carrier concentration decrease with increasing doping content, and their values for Fe samples are different from those of Zn samples. While anisotropy is increased with increasing doping content, it is generally higher for a Zn sample than that for an Fe sample. We also estimate several physical parameters such as upper critical magnetic fields in the a–b plane and along the c axis （Bab and Bc）, and critical current density J at 0 K. Although Bab and Bc are generally increased with doping content increasing, the value of Bab is found to be twice more than that of Bc. A similar behavior is obtained for J （0 K） and its value is higher in the Fe sample than that in the Zn sample. These results are discussed in terms of oxygen deficiency, localization of carriers, and flux pinning, which are produced by doping.
