Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women worldwide.Chemoprevention and chemotherapy play beneficial roles in reducing the incidence and mortality of cancer.Epidemiological and experimental studies showe...Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women worldwide.Chemoprevention and chemotherapy play beneficial roles in reducing the incidence and mortality of cancer.Epidemiological and experimental studies showed that naturally-occurring antioxidants present in the diet may act as anticancer agents.Identifying the abnormalities of cellular energy metabolism facilitates early detection and management of breast cancer.The present study evaluated the effect of tangeretin on cellular metabolic energy fluxes in 7,12-dimethylbenz（a）anthracene（DMBA）-induced proliferative breast cancer.The results showed that the activities of glycolytic enzymes significantly increased in mammary tissues of DMBA-induced breast cancer bearing rats.The gluconeogenic tricarboxylic acid（TCA） cycle and respiratory chain enzyme activities significantly decreased in breast cancer-bearing rats.In addition,proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA） was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues.However,the activities of glycolytic enzymes were significantly normalized in the tangeretin pre- and post-treated rats and the TCA cycle and respiratory chain enzyme activities were significantly increased in tangeretin treated rats.Furthermore,tangeretin down-regulated PCNA expression on breast cancerbearing rats.Our study demonstrates that tangeretin specifically regulates cellular metabolic energy fluxes in DMBA-induced breast cancer-bearing rats.展开更多
Most of the onshore and offshore oil and gas reservoirs are facing operational challenges due to high temperature and high salinity, thus requiring advanced techniques for realizing the ex- pected oil recovery with th...Most of the onshore and offshore oil and gas reservoirs are facing operational challenges due to high temperature and high salinity, thus requiring advanced techniques for realizing the ex- pected oil recovery with the use of specially designed chemicals. During oil and gas well development, completion fluids, which are solids-free liquids, are used to complete an oil or gas well. Completion flu- ids consisting of brines are primarily used for oil and gas well stabilization and are corrosive in nature. There is a need to develop additives to be added with completion fluids to address the corrosive nature. The present investigation involved the usage of two imidazolium ionic liquids （ILs） as corrosion inhibi- tors for mild steel in various completion brine （CaCI2, HCOOCs and ZnBr2） fluids. The study was per- formed using various techniques, such as, potentiodynamic polarization, weight loss measurements and exposure studies. All the above techniques showed promising results which indicated that the ILs as corrosion inhibitors used were of the mixed-type following both physisorption and chemisorption over the mild steel surface. Among the two inhibitors studied here, l-octyl-3-methyl imidazolium chlo- ride （[OMIM]^＋[CI]^-） with longer alkyl chain exhibited better inhibition efficiency and much lesser cor- rosion rate than 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride （[BMIM]^＋[Ci]^-） with a shorter alkyl chain. The results obtained from various methodologies indicate that ionic liquids can be explored to develop anti-corrosive completion fluids suitable for oil and gas reservoirs.展开更多
Moonpools are openings right through the hull from continuous deck to bottom of the ship,allowing equipment or mini-submarines to be put into the water at a location on the vessel with minimum ship motion.Open moonpoo...Moonpools are openings right through the hull from continuous deck to bottom of the ship,allowing equipment or mini-submarines to be put into the water at a location on the vessel with minimum ship motion.Open moonpools in a drillship are causing additional resistance when the ship is in forward speed.It was shown that the water inside the moonpool started to oscillate at forward speed.The water mass in the moonpool is subjected to sloshing and piston modes.The vertical motion is piston mode and the longitudinal one is called as sloshing mode.This water particle motion inside the moonpool is mainly depended on the geometry,moonpool depth,and encountered wave frequency.Out of this,moonpool geometry is one of the key factors for the performance of the moonpool.The varying cross-section geometry is one of the practically possible and economically feasible solutions to reduce the oscillation to a considerable level is attempted in this paper.Also the resistance caused by the moonpool and the free surface generated around the hull is investigated with the use of computer simulation.展开更多
Heavy crude oil(HCO)production,processing,and transportation forms several practical challenges to the oil and gas industry,due to its higher viscosity.Understanding the shear rheology of this HCO is highly important ...Heavy crude oil(HCO)production,processing,and transportation forms several practical challenges to the oil and gas industry,due to its higher viscosity.Understanding the shear rheology of this HCO is highly important to tackle production and flow assurance.The environmental and economic viability of the conventional methods(thermal or dilution with organic solvents),force the industry to find an alternative.The present study was constructed to investigate the effect of eco-friendly ionic liquids(ILs)on the HCO's rheology,at high temperature and high pressure.Eight different alkyl ammonium ILs were screened for HCO's shear rheology at the temperatures of 25-100℃ and for pressures 0.1e10 MPa.The addition of ILs reduced the HCO's viscosity substantially from 25 to 33%from their original HCO viscosity.Also,it aids to reduce the yield stress to about 15-20%at all the studied experimental conditions.Furthermore,the viscoelastic property of the HCO was studied for both strain-sweep and frequencysweep and noticed the ILs helps to increase HCO's loss modulus(G00)by reducing storage modulus(G0),it leads to the reduction of the crossover point around 25-32%than the standard HCO.Mean the ILs addition with HCO converts its solid-like nature into liquid-like material.Besides,the effect ILs chain length was also studied and found the ILs which has lengthier chain length shows better efficiency on the flow-ability.Finally,the microscopic investigation of the HCO sample was analyzed with and without ILs and witnessed that these ILs help to fragment the flocculated HCO into smaller fractions.These findings indicate that the ILs could be considered as the better alternative for efficient oil production,processing,and transportation.展开更多
This paper proposes modifications to the tradional Ceiling Bounce Model and uses it to characterize diffuse indoor optical wireless channel by analyzing the effect of transceiver position on signal propagation propert...This paper proposes modifications to the tradional Ceiling Bounce Model and uses it to characterize diffuse indoor optical wireless channel by analyzing the effect of transceiver position on signal propagation properties. The modified approach uses a combination of the tradional ceiling bounce method and a statistical approach. The effects of different transmitter-receiver separations and height of the ceiling on path loss and delay spread are studied in detail.展开更多
The article introduces Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)and Filter Bank Multicarrier(FBMC),known as hybrid waveform(NOMAFBMC),as two of the most deserving contenders for fifth-generation(5G)network.High spectrum ac...The article introduces Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)and Filter Bank Multicarrier(FBMC),known as hybrid waveform(NOMAFBMC),as two of the most deserving contenders for fifth-generation(5G)network.High spectrum access and clampdown of spectrum outflow are unique characteristics of hybrid NOMA-FBMC.We compare the spectral efficiency of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM),FBMC,NOMA,and NOMA-FBMC.It is seen that the hybrid waveform outperforms the existing waveforms.Peak to Average Power Ratio(PAPR)is regarded as a significant issue in multicarrier waveforms.The combination of Selective Mapping-Partial Transmit Sequence(SLM-PTS)is an effective way to minimize large peak power inclination.The SLM,PTS,and SLM-PTS procedures are applied to the NOMA-FBMC waveform.This hybrid structure is applied to the existing waveforms.Further,the correlated factors like Bit Error Rate(BER)and Computational Overhead(CO)are studied and computed for these waveforms.The outcome of the work reveals that the NOMA-FBMC waveform coupled with the SLM-PTS algorithm offers superior performance as compared to the prevailing systems.展开更多
基金financial support from the University Grants Commission,New Delhi,in the form of UGC-BSR Research Fellowship under the UGC-SAP-DRS-III programme is gratefully acknowledged
文摘Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women worldwide.Chemoprevention and chemotherapy play beneficial roles in reducing the incidence and mortality of cancer.Epidemiological and experimental studies showed that naturally-occurring antioxidants present in the diet may act as anticancer agents.Identifying the abnormalities of cellular energy metabolism facilitates early detection and management of breast cancer.The present study evaluated the effect of tangeretin on cellular metabolic energy fluxes in 7,12-dimethylbenz（a）anthracene（DMBA）-induced proliferative breast cancer.The results showed that the activities of glycolytic enzymes significantly increased in mammary tissues of DMBA-induced breast cancer bearing rats.The gluconeogenic tricarboxylic acid（TCA） cycle and respiratory chain enzyme activities significantly decreased in breast cancer-bearing rats.In addition,proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA） was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues.However,the activities of glycolytic enzymes were significantly normalized in the tangeretin pre- and post-treated rats and the TCA cycle and respiratory chain enzyme activities were significantly increased in tangeretin treated rats.Furthermore,tangeretin down-regulated PCNA expression on breast cancerbearing rats.Our study demonstrates that tangeretin specifically regulates cellular metabolic energy fluxes in DMBA-induced breast cancer-bearing rats.
文摘Most of the onshore and offshore oil and gas reservoirs are facing operational challenges due to high temperature and high salinity, thus requiring advanced techniques for realizing the ex- pected oil recovery with the use of specially designed chemicals. During oil and gas well development, completion fluids, which are solids-free liquids, are used to complete an oil or gas well. Completion flu- ids consisting of brines are primarily used for oil and gas well stabilization and are corrosive in nature. There is a need to develop additives to be added with completion fluids to address the corrosive nature. The present investigation involved the usage of two imidazolium ionic liquids （ILs） as corrosion inhibi- tors for mild steel in various completion brine （CaCI2, HCOOCs and ZnBr2） fluids. The study was per- formed using various techniques, such as, potentiodynamic polarization, weight loss measurements and exposure studies. All the above techniques showed promising results which indicated that the ILs as corrosion inhibitors used were of the mixed-type following both physisorption and chemisorption over the mild steel surface. Among the two inhibitors studied here, l-octyl-3-methyl imidazolium chlo- ride （[OMIM]^＋[CI]^-） with longer alkyl chain exhibited better inhibition efficiency and much lesser cor- rosion rate than 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride （[BMIM]^＋[Ci]^-） with a shorter alkyl chain. The results obtained from various methodologies indicate that ionic liquids can be explored to develop anti-corrosive completion fluids suitable for oil and gas reservoirs.
文摘Moonpools are openings right through the hull from continuous deck to bottom of the ship,allowing equipment or mini-submarines to be put into the water at a location on the vessel with minimum ship motion.Open moonpools in a drillship are causing additional resistance when the ship is in forward speed.It was shown that the water inside the moonpool started to oscillate at forward speed.The water mass in the moonpool is subjected to sloshing and piston modes.The vertical motion is piston mode and the longitudinal one is called as sloshing mode.This water particle motion inside the moonpool is mainly depended on the geometry,moonpool depth,and encountered wave frequency.Out of this,moonpool geometry is one of the key factors for the performance of the moonpool.The varying cross-section geometry is one of the practically possible and economically feasible solutions to reduce the oscillation to a considerable level is attempted in this paper.Also the resistance caused by the moonpool and the free surface generated around the hull is investigated with the use of computer simulation.
文摘Heavy crude oil(HCO)production,processing,and transportation forms several practical challenges to the oil and gas industry,due to its higher viscosity.Understanding the shear rheology of this HCO is highly important to tackle production and flow assurance.The environmental and economic viability of the conventional methods(thermal or dilution with organic solvents),force the industry to find an alternative.The present study was constructed to investigate the effect of eco-friendly ionic liquids(ILs)on the HCO's rheology,at high temperature and high pressure.Eight different alkyl ammonium ILs were screened for HCO's shear rheology at the temperatures of 25-100℃ and for pressures 0.1e10 MPa.The addition of ILs reduced the HCO's viscosity substantially from 25 to 33%from their original HCO viscosity.Also,it aids to reduce the yield stress to about 15-20%at all the studied experimental conditions.Furthermore,the viscoelastic property of the HCO was studied for both strain-sweep and frequencysweep and noticed the ILs helps to increase HCO's loss modulus(G00)by reducing storage modulus(G0),it leads to the reduction of the crossover point around 25-32%than the standard HCO.Mean the ILs addition with HCO converts its solid-like nature into liquid-like material.Besides,the effect ILs chain length was also studied and found the ILs which has lengthier chain length shows better efficiency on the flow-ability.Finally,the microscopic investigation of the HCO sample was analyzed with and without ILs and witnessed that these ILs help to fragment the flocculated HCO into smaller fractions.These findings indicate that the ILs could be considered as the better alternative for efficient oil production,processing,and transportation.
文摘This paper proposes modifications to the tradional Ceiling Bounce Model and uses it to characterize diffuse indoor optical wireless channel by analyzing the effect of transceiver position on signal propagation properties. The modified approach uses a combination of the tradional ceiling bounce method and a statistical approach. The effects of different transmitter-receiver separations and height of the ceiling on path loss and delay spread are studied in detail.
基金The authors would like to thank for the support from Taif University Researchers Supporting Project Number(TURSP-2020/10),Taif University,Taif,Saudi Arabia and the Centre of Artificial Intelligence,Chennai Institute of Technology,INDIA,vide funding number CIT/CAI/2021/RP-002.
文摘The article introduces Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)and Filter Bank Multicarrier(FBMC),known as hybrid waveform(NOMAFBMC),as two of the most deserving contenders for fifth-generation(5G)network.High spectrum access and clampdown of spectrum outflow are unique characteristics of hybrid NOMA-FBMC.We compare the spectral efficiency of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM),FBMC,NOMA,and NOMA-FBMC.It is seen that the hybrid waveform outperforms the existing waveforms.Peak to Average Power Ratio(PAPR)is regarded as a significant issue in multicarrier waveforms.The combination of Selective Mapping-Partial Transmit Sequence(SLM-PTS)is an effective way to minimize large peak power inclination.The SLM,PTS,and SLM-PTS procedures are applied to the NOMA-FBMC waveform.This hybrid structure is applied to the existing waveforms.Further,the correlated factors like Bit Error Rate(BER)and Computational Overhead(CO)are studied and computed for these waveforms.The outcome of the work reveals that the NOMA-FBMC waveform coupled with the SLM-PTS algorithm offers superior performance as compared to the prevailing systems.
