Lymphoepithelioma-like hepatocellular carcinoma(LELHCC) is a rare form of undifferentiated carcinoma of the liver characterized by the presence of an abundant lymphoid infiltrate. Here,a case of LEL-HCC is described. ...Lymphoepithelioma-like hepatocellular carcinoma(LELHCC) is a rare form of undifferentiated carcinoma of the liver characterized by the presence of an abundant lymphoid infiltrate. Here,a case of LEL-HCC is described. An 81-year-old woman with a chronic hepatitis C infection was referred to the general surgery department of our hospital in August 2013 with a diagnosis of HCC. A past ultrasound examination had revealed a 60 mm-diameter nodular lesion in the third segment of the liver. After a needle biopsy,the lesion was diagnosed as HCC. The patient underwent surgery with a liver segmentectomy. Two additional nodes on the gastric wall were detected during the surgical operation. The histology of the removed specimen showed a poorly differentiated HCC with significant lymphoid stroma. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the epithelial component was reactive for CK CAM5.2,CK8,CK18,CEA(polyclonal) and was focally positive for hepar-1 and that the lymphoid infiltrate was positive for CD3,CD4 and CD8. The tumor cells were negative for Epstein-Barr virus. The gastric nodes were ultimately determined to be two small gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs).The synchronous occurrence of HCC and GIST is another very uncommon finding rarely described in the literature. Here,we report the clinicopathological features of our case,along with a review of the few cases present in the literature.展开更多
Multimodal platforms combining electrical neural recording and stimulation,optogenetics,optical imaging,and magnetic resonance(MRI)imaging are emerging as a promising platform to enhance the depth of characterization ...Multimodal platforms combining electrical neural recording and stimulation,optogenetics,optical imaging,and magnetic resonance(MRI)imaging are emerging as a promising platform to enhance the depth of characterization in neuroscientific research.Electrically conductive,optically transparent,and MRI-compatible electrodes can optimally combine all modalities.Graphene as a suitable electrode candidate material can be grown via chemical vapor deposition(CVD)processes and sandwiched between transparent biocompatible polymers.However,due to the high graphene growth temperature(≥900℃)and the presence of polymers,fabrication is commonly based on a manual transfer process of pre-grown graphene sheets,which causes reliability issues.In this paper,we present CVD-based multilayer graphene electrodes fabricated using a wafer-scale transfer-free process for use in optically transparent and MRI-compatible neural interfaces.Our fabricated electrodes feature very low impedances which are comparable to those of noble metal electrodes of the same size and geometry.They also exhibit the highest charge storage capacity(CSC)reported to date among all previously fabricated CVD graphene electrodes.Our graphene electrodes did not reveal any photo-induced artifact during 10-Hz light pulse illumination.Additionally,we show here,for the first time,that CVD graphene electrodes do not cause any image artifact in a 3T MRI scanner.These results demonstrate that multilayer graphene electrodes are excellent candidates for the next generation of neural interfaces and can substitute the standard conventional metal electrodes.Our fabricated graphene electrodes enable multimodal neural recording,electrical and optogenetic stimulation,while allowing for optical imaging,as well as,artifact-free MRI studies.展开更多
A superconducting coil system is actually complicated by the distributed parameters, e.g. the distributed mutual inductance among turns and the distributed capacitance between adjacent conductors. In this paper, such ...A superconducting coil system is actually complicated by the distributed parameters, e.g. the distributed mutual inductance among turns and the distributed capacitance between adjacent conductors. In this paper, such a complicated system was modeled with a reasonably simplified circuit network with lumped parameters. Then, a detailed circuit analysis was conducted to evaluate the possible voltage transient in the coil circuit. As a result, an appropriate （minimum） snubber capacitance for the Switching Network Unit, which is a fast high voltage generation circuit in JT-60SA, was obtained.展开更多
This paper describes an asymmetric control method for the firing angle and a start/stop timing shift control of four thyristor converters called ＂Booster PS＂ to minimize the reactive power fluctuation during plasma ...This paper describes an asymmetric control method for the firing angle and a start/stop timing shift control of four thyristor converters called ＂Booster PS＂ to minimize the reactive power fluctuation during plasma initiation in JT-60SA. From the simulation using the ＂PSCAD/EMTDC＂ code, it is found that these control methods can drastically reduce the reac- tive power induced by the four units of the ＂Booster PS＂. In addition, the voltage fluctuation of the motor-generator connected to the ＂Booster PS＂ is expected to be suppressed. This can also contribute to achieve stable control of the JT-60SA magnet power supplies.展开更多
The World Register of Marine Species(WoRMS)is a well-known biodiversity information system,designed as a global open-access inventory of the names of marine taxa,whose website1 and databases are developed and hosted b...The World Register of Marine Species(WoRMS)is a well-known biodiversity information system,designed as a global open-access inventory of the names of marine taxa,whose website1 and databases are developed and hosted by the Flanders Marine Institute(Ostend,Belgium).Established in 2007,WoRMS has been growing in both content and popularity ever since(Costello et al.2013).The aim of WoRMS is to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms arranged in the most up-to-date and stable hierarchy as determined by the appropriate editor(Horton et al.2017).展开更多
AIM: To evaluate selected factors influencing resting energy expenditure(REE) in obese female subjects.METHODS: Seventy seven 61 obese Caucasian women [mean age of 52.93 ± 13.45 years, and mean body mass index(BM...AIM: To evaluate selected factors influencing resting energy expenditure(REE) in obese female subjects.METHODS: Seventy seven 61 obese Caucasian women [mean age of 52.93 ± 13.45 years, and mean body mass index(BMI) of 41.78 ± 11.54 kg/m2] were enrolled; measurements of resting metabolic rate(RMR) by a ventilated, open-circuit system, indirect calorimeter were performed after an overnight fast. Body composition as well as medications, physical parameters, blood samples, disease pattern, and smoking were considered. RESULTS: RMR was significantly associated with body weight(r = 0.732, P < 0.001), body height(r = 0.401,P = 0.008), BMI(r = 0.504, P < 0.001), waist circumference(r = 0.602, P < 0.001), mid-upper arm circumference(r = 0.417, P = 0.006), mid-upper arm muscle circumference(r = 0.344, P = 0.028), total body water(r = 0.339, P = 0.035), body temperature(r = 0.409, P = 0.007), smoking(P = 0.031), serum T4 levels(r = 0.331, P = 0.036), obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome(OSAS; P = 0.023), impaired glucose tolerance(IGT; P = 0.017) and impaired glycaemic status, including hyperinsulinism, IGT and diabetes mellitus(P = 0.003).CONCLUSION: Future research should be prompted to optimize the procedure of indirect calorimetry to achieve clinical benefits in obese subjects.展开更多
The fossil history of turtle and whale barnacles(Coronuloidea:Chelonibiidae,Platylepadidae,Coronulidae and†Emersoniidae)is fragmentary and has only been investigated in part.Morphological inferences and molecular phyl...The fossil history of turtle and whale barnacles(Coronuloidea:Chelonibiidae,Platylepadidae,Coronulidae and†Emersoniidae)is fragmentary and has only been investigated in part.Morphological inferences and molecular phylogenetic analyses on extant specimens suggest that the roots of whale barnacles(Coronulidae)are to be found among the chelonibiid turtle barnacles,but the hard-part modifications that enabled early coronuloids to attach to the cetacean skin are still largely to be perceived.Here,we reappraise a fossil chelonibiid specimen from the Miocene of insular Tanzania that was previously referred to the living species Chelonibia caretta.This largely forgotten specimen is here described as the holotype of the new species†Chelonibia zanzibarensis.While similar to C.caretta,†C.zanzibarensis exhibits obvious external longitudinal parietal canals occurring in-between external longitudinal parietal septa that abut outwards to form T-shaped flanges,a character so far regarded as proper of the seemingly more derived Coronulidae and Platylepadidae.Along with these features,the presence of a substrate imprint on the shell exterior indicates that†C.zanzibarensis grasped its host’s integument in much the same way as coronulids and platylepadids,albeit without the development of macroscopic parietal buttresses and bolsters.Thin section analyses of the inner parietal architecture of some extant and extinct coronuloids conclusively demonstrate that vestiges of comparable external parietal microstructures are present in some living members of Chelonibiidae.This observation strengthens the unity of Coronuloidea while significantly contributing to our understanding of the evolution of the coronuloid shell structure in adapting to a diverse spectrum of hosts.展开更多
Fuel desulfurization is an appealing topic for the chemical industry since severe environmental regulations regarding SO_2 emissions have been legislated in many countries. In order to reduce the amount of sulfur-cont...Fuel desulfurization is an appealing topic for the chemical industry since severe environmental regulations regarding SO_2 emissions have been legislated in many countries. In order to reduce the amount of sulfur-containing compounds in fuels,responsible for high SO_x emission levels,a green chemistry approach is compulsory. In this paper,vanadium salen and salophen complexes were used in the oxidation of a model aromatic sulfide,such as dibenzothiophene( DBT),in the presence of H_2O_2 as green oxidant. The oxidative process was successfully coupled with the extraction of the oxidized compounds by ionic liquids. The system resulted highly selective for sulfide oxidation,showing poor reactivity toward the oxidation of alkenes and allowing a significant reduction of S content in a model benzine. To note,the use of microwave in place of standard heating allowed to obtain 98% of DBT oxidation and almost complete sulfur extraction in the model fuel in 1000 s. For these reasons,this system was considered an easy,rapid and clean process to achieve fuel desulfurization.展开更多
AIM： To re-evaluate the diagnostic criteria of insulin resistance hepatic iron overload based on clinical, biochemical and histopathological findings. METHODS： We studied 81 patients with hepatic iron overload not e...AIM： To re-evaluate the diagnostic criteria of insulin resistance hepatic iron overload based on clinical, biochemical and histopathological findings. METHODS： We studied 81 patients with hepatic iron overload not explained by known genetic and acquired causes. The metabolic syndrome （MS） was defined according to ATPⅢ criteria. Iron overload was assessed by liver biopsy. Liver histology was evaluated by Ishak＇s score and iron accumulation by Deugnier＇s score; steatosis was diagnosed when present in ≥ 5% of hepatooltes. RESULTS： According to transferrin saturation levels, we observed significant differences in the amount of hepatic iron overload and iron distribution, as well as the number of metabolic abnormalities. Using Receiving Operating Curve analysis, we found that the presence of two components of the MS differentiated two groups with a statistically significant different hepatic iron overload （P 〈 0.0001）. Patients with ≥2 metabolic alterations and steatosis had lower amount of hepatic iron, lower transferrin saturation and higher sinusoidal iron than patients with 〈 2 MS components and absence of steatosis. CONCLUSION： In our patients, the presence of ≥ 2 alterations of the MS and hepatic steatosis was associated with a moderate form of iron overload with a prevalent sinusoidal distribution and a normal transferrin saturation, suggesting the existence of a peculiar pathogenetic mechanism of iron accumulation. These patients may have the typical dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome. By contrast, patients with transferrin saturation ≥ 60% had more severe iron overload, few or no metabolic abnormalities and a hemochromatosis-like pattern of iron overload.展开更多
Chemical vapor deposition （CVD） is typically used for large-scale graphene synthesis for practical applications. However, the inferior electronic properties of CVD graphene are one of the key problems to be solved. ...Chemical vapor deposition （CVD） is typically used for large-scale graphene synthesis for practical applications. However, the inferior electronic properties of CVD graphene are one of the key problems to be solved. Therefore, we present a detailed study on the electronic properties of high-quality single-crystal monolayer graphene. The graphene is grown via CVD on copper, by using a cold-wall reactor, and then transferred to Si/SiO2. Our low-temperature magneto-transport data demonstrate that the characteristics of the single-crystal CVD graphene samples are superior to those of polycrystalline graphene and have a quality which is comparable to that of exfoliated graphene on Si/SiO2. The Dirac point in our best samples occurs at back-gate voltages lower than 10 V, and a maximum mobility of 11,000 cm2/（V.s） is attained. More than 12 flat and discernible half-integer quantum Hall plateaus occur under a high magnetic field on both the electron and hole sides of the Dirac point. At a low magnetic field, the magnetoresistance exhibits a weak localization peak. Using the theory of McCann et al., we obtain inelastic scattering lengths of 〉1 um, even at the charge neutrality point of the samples.展开更多
文摘Lymphoepithelioma-like hepatocellular carcinoma(LELHCC) is a rare form of undifferentiated carcinoma of the liver characterized by the presence of an abundant lymphoid infiltrate. Here,a case of LEL-HCC is described. An 81-year-old woman with a chronic hepatitis C infection was referred to the general surgery department of our hospital in August 2013 with a diagnosis of HCC. A past ultrasound examination had revealed a 60 mm-diameter nodular lesion in the third segment of the liver. After a needle biopsy,the lesion was diagnosed as HCC. The patient underwent surgery with a liver segmentectomy. Two additional nodes on the gastric wall were detected during the surgical operation. The histology of the removed specimen showed a poorly differentiated HCC with significant lymphoid stroma. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the epithelial component was reactive for CK CAM5.2,CK8,CK18,CEA(polyclonal) and was focally positive for hepar-1 and that the lymphoid infiltrate was positive for CD3,CD4 and CD8. The tumor cells were negative for Epstein-Barr virus. The gastric nodes were ultimately determined to be two small gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs).The synchronous occurrence of HCC and GIST is another very uncommon finding rarely described in the literature. Here,we report the clinicopathological features of our case,along with a review of the few cases present in the literature.
基金supported by the POSITION-II project funded by the ECSEL JU under grant number Ecsel-783132Position-II-2017-IA.Microfabrication was carried out in the Else Kooi Laboratory(EKL).
文摘Multimodal platforms combining electrical neural recording and stimulation,optogenetics,optical imaging,and magnetic resonance(MRI)imaging are emerging as a promising platform to enhance the depth of characterization in neuroscientific research.Electrically conductive,optically transparent,and MRI-compatible electrodes can optimally combine all modalities.Graphene as a suitable electrode candidate material can be grown via chemical vapor deposition(CVD)processes and sandwiched between transparent biocompatible polymers.However,due to the high graphene growth temperature(≥900℃)and the presence of polymers,fabrication is commonly based on a manual transfer process of pre-grown graphene sheets,which causes reliability issues.In this paper,we present CVD-based multilayer graphene electrodes fabricated using a wafer-scale transfer-free process for use in optically transparent and MRI-compatible neural interfaces.Our fabricated electrodes feature very low impedances which are comparable to those of noble metal electrodes of the same size and geometry.They also exhibit the highest charge storage capacity(CSC)reported to date among all previously fabricated CVD graphene electrodes.Our graphene electrodes did not reveal any photo-induced artifact during 10-Hz light pulse illumination.Additionally,we show here,for the first time,that CVD graphene electrodes do not cause any image artifact in a 3T MRI scanner.These results demonstrate that multilayer graphene electrodes are excellent candidates for the next generation of neural interfaces and can substitute the standard conventional metal electrodes.Our fabricated graphene electrodes enable multimodal neural recording,electrical and optogenetic stimulation,while allowing for optical imaging,as well as,artifact-free MRI studies.
基金supported within the framework of the "Broader Approach Internationals Agreement"
文摘A superconducting coil system is actually complicated by the distributed parameters, e.g. the distributed mutual inductance among turns and the distributed capacitance between adjacent conductors. In this paper, such a complicated system was modeled with a reasonably simplified circuit network with lumped parameters. Then, a detailed circuit analysis was conducted to evaluate the possible voltage transient in the coil circuit. As a result, an appropriate （minimum） snubber capacitance for the Switching Network Unit, which is a fast high voltage generation circuit in JT-60SA, was obtained.
基金supported within the framework of the "Broader Approach Internationals Agreement"
文摘This paper describes an asymmetric control method for the firing angle and a start/stop timing shift control of four thyristor converters called ＂Booster PS＂ to minimize the reactive power fluctuation during plasma initiation in JT-60SA. From the simulation using the ＂PSCAD/EMTDC＂ code, it is found that these control methods can drastically reduce the reac- tive power induced by the four units of the ＂Booster PS＂. In addition, the voltage fluctuation of the motor-generator connected to the ＂Booster PS＂ is expected to be suppressed. This can also contribute to achieve stable control of the JT-60SA magnet power supplies.
文摘The World Register of Marine Species(WoRMS)is a well-known biodiversity information system,designed as a global open-access inventory of the names of marine taxa,whose website1 and databases are developed and hosted by the Flanders Marine Institute(Ostend,Belgium).Established in 2007,WoRMS has been growing in both content and popularity ever since(Costello et al.2013).The aim of WoRMS is to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms arranged in the most up-to-date and stable hierarchy as determined by the appropriate editor(Horton et al.2017).
文摘AIM: To evaluate selected factors influencing resting energy expenditure(REE) in obese female subjects.METHODS: Seventy seven 61 obese Caucasian women [mean age of 52.93 ± 13.45 years, and mean body mass index(BMI) of 41.78 ± 11.54 kg/m2] were enrolled; measurements of resting metabolic rate(RMR) by a ventilated, open-circuit system, indirect calorimeter were performed after an overnight fast. Body composition as well as medications, physical parameters, blood samples, disease pattern, and smoking were considered. RESULTS: RMR was significantly associated with body weight(r = 0.732, P < 0.001), body height(r = 0.401,P = 0.008), BMI(r = 0.504, P < 0.001), waist circumference(r = 0.602, P < 0.001), mid-upper arm circumference(r = 0.417, P = 0.006), mid-upper arm muscle circumference(r = 0.344, P = 0.028), total body water(r = 0.339, P = 0.035), body temperature(r = 0.409, P = 0.007), smoking(P = 0.031), serum T4 levels(r = 0.331, P = 0.036), obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome(OSAS; P = 0.023), impaired glucose tolerance(IGT; P = 0.017) and impaired glycaemic status, including hyperinsulinism, IGT and diabetes mellitus(P = 0.003).CONCLUSION: Future research should be prompted to optimize the procedure of indirect calorimetry to achieve clinical benefits in obese subjects.
文摘The fossil history of turtle and whale barnacles(Coronuloidea:Chelonibiidae,Platylepadidae,Coronulidae and†Emersoniidae)is fragmentary and has only been investigated in part.Morphological inferences and molecular phylogenetic analyses on extant specimens suggest that the roots of whale barnacles(Coronulidae)are to be found among the chelonibiid turtle barnacles,but the hard-part modifications that enabled early coronuloids to attach to the cetacean skin are still largely to be perceived.Here,we reappraise a fossil chelonibiid specimen from the Miocene of insular Tanzania that was previously referred to the living species Chelonibia caretta.This largely forgotten specimen is here described as the holotype of the new species†Chelonibia zanzibarensis.While similar to C.caretta,†C.zanzibarensis exhibits obvious external longitudinal parietal canals occurring in-between external longitudinal parietal septa that abut outwards to form T-shaped flanges,a character so far regarded as proper of the seemingly more derived Coronulidae and Platylepadidae.Along with these features,the presence of a substrate imprint on the shell exterior indicates that†C.zanzibarensis grasped its host’s integument in much the same way as coronulids and platylepadids,albeit without the development of macroscopic parietal buttresses and bolsters.Thin section analyses of the inner parietal architecture of some extant and extinct coronuloids conclusively demonstrate that vestiges of comparable external parietal microstructures are present in some living members of Chelonibiidae.This observation strengthens the unity of Coronuloidea while significantly contributing to our understanding of the evolution of the coronuloid shell structure in adapting to a diverse spectrum of hosts.
基金The project was supported by the University of Rome“Tor Vergata”,SUSCARE project.
文摘Fuel desulfurization is an appealing topic for the chemical industry since severe environmental regulations regarding SO_2 emissions have been legislated in many countries. In order to reduce the amount of sulfur-containing compounds in fuels,responsible for high SO_x emission levels,a green chemistry approach is compulsory. In this paper,vanadium salen and salophen complexes were used in the oxidation of a model aromatic sulfide,such as dibenzothiophene( DBT),in the presence of H_2O_2 as green oxidant. The oxidative process was successfully coupled with the extraction of the oxidized compounds by ionic liquids. The system resulted highly selective for sulfide oxidation,showing poor reactivity toward the oxidation of alkenes and allowing a significant reduction of S content in a model benzine. To note,the use of microwave in place of standard heating allowed to obtain 98% of DBT oxidation and almost complete sulfur extraction in the model fuel in 1000 s. For these reasons,this system was considered an easy,rapid and clean process to achieve fuel desulfurization.
基金Grant from the Association for the Study of Hemochromatosis and Iron Overload Disorders-ONLUS (P.T.), Monza
文摘AIM： To re-evaluate the diagnostic criteria of insulin resistance hepatic iron overload based on clinical, biochemical and histopathological findings. METHODS： We studied 81 patients with hepatic iron overload not explained by known genetic and acquired causes. The metabolic syndrome （MS） was defined according to ATPⅢ criteria. Iron overload was assessed by liver biopsy. Liver histology was evaluated by Ishak＇s score and iron accumulation by Deugnier＇s score; steatosis was diagnosed when present in ≥ 5% of hepatooltes. RESULTS： According to transferrin saturation levels, we observed significant differences in the amount of hepatic iron overload and iron distribution, as well as the number of metabolic abnormalities. Using Receiving Operating Curve analysis, we found that the presence of two components of the MS differentiated two groups with a statistically significant different hepatic iron overload （P 〈 0.0001）. Patients with ≥2 metabolic alterations and steatosis had lower amount of hepatic iron, lower transferrin saturation and higher sinusoidal iron than patients with 〈 2 MS components and absence of steatosis. CONCLUSION： In our patients, the presence of ≥ 2 alterations of the MS and hepatic steatosis was associated with a moderate form of iron overload with a prevalent sinusoidal distribution and a normal transferrin saturation, suggesting the existence of a peculiar pathogenetic mechanism of iron accumulation. These patients may have the typical dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome. By contrast, patients with transferrin saturation ≥ 60% had more severe iron overload, few or no metabolic abnormalities and a hemochromatosis-like pattern of iron overload.
文摘Chemical vapor deposition （CVD） is typically used for large-scale graphene synthesis for practical applications. However, the inferior electronic properties of CVD graphene are one of the key problems to be solved. Therefore, we present a detailed study on the electronic properties of high-quality single-crystal monolayer graphene. The graphene is grown via CVD on copper, by using a cold-wall reactor, and then transferred to Si/SiO2. Our low-temperature magneto-transport data demonstrate that the characteristics of the single-crystal CVD graphene samples are superior to those of polycrystalline graphene and have a quality which is comparable to that of exfoliated graphene on Si/SiO2. The Dirac point in our best samples occurs at back-gate voltages lower than 10 V, and a maximum mobility of 11,000 cm2/（V.s） is attained. More than 12 flat and discernible half-integer quantum Hall plateaus occur under a high magnetic field on both the electron and hole sides of the Dirac point. At a low magnetic field, the magnetoresistance exhibits a weak localization peak. Using the theory of McCann et al., we obtain inelastic scattering lengths of 〉1 um, even at the charge neutrality point of the samples.
