AIM: To evaluate the effect of releasing the orbicularis retaining ligament(ORL) complex of the tear trough combined with the transconjunctival blepharoplasty in the surgical management of tear trough deformity compar...AIM: To evaluate the effect of releasing the orbicularis retaining ligament(ORL) complex of the tear trough combined with the transconjunctival blepharoplasty in the surgical management of tear trough deformity compared with the effect of blepharoplasty alone. METHODS: A prospective, randomized(by closed envelope technique), controlled surgical trial which included 50 patients(100 eyes) with bilateral visible tear trough deformity and lower eyelid fat bulging, was divided into two groups where 25 patients(50 eyes) had tear trough-ORL release with blepharoplasty and 25 patients(50 eyes) didn't. Qualitative and quantitative assessments of tear trough deformity were done at 6 mo postoperatively, achieving grade 0 or 1 of Barton's classification was considered a success. Standardized photographic documentation of each patient was done pre and postoperatively, also assessment of the patients' satisfaction postoperatively was done and ranked as excellent, very good, good or fair. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in the overall aesthetic results postoperatively regarding the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the tear trough deformity, where patients who had tear trough-ORL complex release had more successful outcomes than those of the second group. CONCLUSION: ORL release should be done in patients with tear trough deformity in order to release the tethering effect of this ligament which causes the prominence of the naso jugal groove.展开更多
Understanding the mutual relationship between the liver and the heart is important for both hepatologists and cardiologists. Hepato-cardiac diseases can be classified into heart diseases affecting the liver, liver dis...Understanding the mutual relationship between the liver and the heart is important for both hepatologists and cardiologists. Hepato-cardiac diseases can be classified into heart diseases affecting the liver, liver diseases affecting the heart, and conditions affecting the heart and the liver at the same time. Differential diagnoses of liver injury are extremely important in a cardiologist's clinical practice calling for collaboration between cardiologists and hepatologists due to the many other diseases that can affect the liver and mimic haemodynamic injury. Acute and chronic heart failure may lead to acute ischemic hepatitis or chronic congestive hepatopathy. Treatment in these cases should be directed to the primary heart disease. In patients with advanced liver disease, cirrhotic cardiomyopathy may develop including hemodynamic changes, diastolic and systolic dysfunctions, reduced cardiac performance and electrophysiological abnormalities. Cardiac evaluation is important for patients with liver diseases especially before and after liver transplantation. Liver transplantation may lead to the improvement of all cardiac changes and the reversal of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. There are systemic diseases that may affect both the liver and the heart concomitantly including congenital, metabolic and inflammatory diseases as well as alcoholism. This review highlights these hepatocardiac展开更多
Background: Vaccinations for animals are crucial for food production, animal welfare, public health, and animal health. They are an affordable way to stop animal sickness, increase food production efficiency, and less...Background: Vaccinations for animals are crucial for food production, animal welfare, public health, and animal health. They are an affordable way to stop animal sickness, increase food production efficiency, and lessen or stop the spread of zoonotic diseases to humans. Animal vaccines that are both safe and efficacious are vital to modern culture. The vaccine should induce a strong, protective and prolonged immune response against the antigenic factor. In order to achieve these goals, novel vaccination techniques and an efficient adjuvant are required to render the vaccine immunogenically protective and trigger a strong immune response. Aim: Our study aims to promote and enhance the immunogenicity against RVF virus disease through lyophilized inactivated RVF vaccine through induction of early cellular, high and prolonged humeral immunity in vaccinated animals using cabopol as stabilizer and Saponin or normal saline as a diluent at time of vaccination. Moreover, manufacturing of these vaccines is easy to be done. Results: The gained results revealed that RVF freeze-dried vaccine with Carbopol that reconstituted using Saponin elicited better immune response than that reconstituted using normal saline (NaCl). The cell mediated immune response as represented by lymphocyte blastogenesis and phagocytic activity were markedly increased with high levels when we used Saponin as a diluent than that in group vaccinated with vaccine diluted with NaCl, on the other side the humeral immune response in group vaccinated using the Saponin as diluent is more detected and stayed within the protective level till the end of 11<sup>th</sup> month post vaccination (1.5 TCID<sub>50</sub>) while the immune response induced after using normal saline as a diluent stayed within the protective level till the end of 10<sup>th</sup> month post vaccination (1.8 TCID<sub>50</sub>). Conclusion: The use of Saponin as a diluent for reconstitution of the freeze dried RVF vaccine is preferable than the use of normal saline enhancing both sheep cellu展开更多
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, including coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is a shared burden disease and the leading ...Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, including coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is a shared burden disease and the leading cause of death in developed and developing countries. We aimed to assess the angiographic patterns of coronary arteries in patients with DM in a developing country (Yemen) as the first study. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional, prospective, observational study that includes a total of 250 patients who were admitted for elective diagnostic coronary angiography. Results: 96 (38.4%) patients were diabetics;68% were male;mean age was 57 ± 11 years. The incidence of three-vessel disease was 31.2% of patients. Considering the severity of lumen occlusion, (11.2%) of patients had non-significant lesions, (37.6%) of patients had significant lesions, and (32%) had total occlusive lesions. Lesions were of LAD in 76%, RCA in 60%, and LCX in 52% of the population. Among diabetics, two and 3-vessel diseases (33.3% vs. 20.8% & 50% vs. 19.5%, P = 0.001), left main lesion (10.4% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.012), significant stenosis (41.7% vs. 35.1%, P = 0.032), total occlusion of coronary arteries (43.8% vs. 19.5%, P = 0.032) and type C lesion (66.7% vs. 35.1%, P = 0.010) were more frequent than non-DM patients. Conclusion: The burden of significant and severe coronary lesions is more common among DM, which may be the major cause of morbidity and mortality of DM in developing countries.展开更多
Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela ...Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.展开更多
Objective:We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical estrogen after transvaginal tension-free vaginal tape-obturator(TVT-O)in the treatment of de novo overactive bladder symptoms that appear after surgery.Methods:Th...Objective:We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical estrogen after transvaginal tension-free vaginal tape-obturator(TVT-O)in the treatment of de novo overactive bladder symptoms that appear after surgery.Methods:This is a prospective randomized controlled study performed in the Urology and Gynecology Departments,Kasr Al Ainy Hospital,Cairo University,Cairo,Egypt.Two hundred and ten postmenopausal females presenting during the period between January 2017 and November 2020 with stress urinary incontinence were included in the study.Patients were divided into two groups,105 patients in Group A(treatment group)and 105 patients in Group B(control group).Patients in Group A underwent transvaginal TVT-O followed by local vaginal estrogen treatment for 6 months,while patients in Group B underwent transvaginal TVT-O only.The study included any postmenopausal female with urodynamic stress urinary incontinence.All patients had to fulfill a 3-day bladder diary,overactive bladder symptoms score,urine analysis,urodynamic study,and post-voiding residual urine measurement by abdominal ultrasound preoperatively and at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups.Results:At 6-month follow-up,daytime frequency was reduced to 8%in Group A(increased to 21%in Group B)with a statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.009).At 6-month follow-up,nocturia was 8%in Group A(11%in Group B)with no statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.469).There was a statistically significant difference between both groups as regards to urinary urgency at 6-month follow-up(p=0.024).There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative wound healing events as regards to cure,hyperemia,gapping,and wound infection 1 week after intervention between both groups(p=0.008).No local or systemic side-effects were reported from local estrogen use.Conclusion:Local vaginal estrogen treatment given to postmenopausal patients after midurethral sling procedures can reduce the symptoms of daytime frequency and urinary urgency.Long-ter展开更多
Ammonium perchlorate(APC)is the most common oxidizer in use for solid rocket propulsion systems.However its initial thermal decomposition is an endothermic process that requires 102.5 J·g^-1.This manner involves ...Ammonium perchlorate(APC)is the most common oxidizer in use for solid rocket propulsion systems.However its initial thermal decomposition is an endothermic process that requires 102.5 J·g^-1.This manner involves high activation energy and could render high burning rate regime.This study reports on the sustainable fabrication of CuO nanoparticles as a novel catalyzing agent for APC oxidizer.Colloidal CuO nanoparticles with consistent product quality were fabricated by using hydrothermal processing.TEM micrographs demonstrated mono-dispersed particles of 15 nm particle size.XRD diffractogram demonstrated highly crystalline material.The synthesized colloidal CuO particles were effectively coated with APC particles via co-precipitation by using fast-crash solvent-antisolvent technique.The impact of copper oxide particles on APC thermal behavior has been investigated using DSC and TGA techniques.APC demonstrated an initial endothermic decomposition stage at 242℃ with subsequent two exothermic decomposition stages at 297,8℃ and 452.8℃ respectively.At 1 wt%,copper oxide offered decrease in initial endothermic decomposition stage by 30%.The main outcome of this study is that the two main exothermic decomposition peaks were merged into one single peak with an increase in total heat release by 53%.These novel features can inherit copper oxide particles unique catalyzing ability for advanced highly energetic systems.展开更多
This study was performed for investigation the relationship between variants of MTP gene polymorphism and the development of NAFLD in patients with and without MS.The study was included 174 NAFLD patients(106 with MS ...This study was performed for investigation the relationship between variants of MTP gene polymorphism and the development of NAFLD in patients with and without MS.The study was included 174 NAFLD patients(106 with MS and 68 without MS),and 141 healthy control subjects.The 493 G/T polymorphism of MTP gene was evaluated by PCR-RFLP method.The frequency of MTP TT genotype and T allele were significantly higher in NAFLD patients when compared to healthy controls.Moreover,a significant association in MTP gene polymorphism was observed in NAFLD patients with MS compared to NAFLD patients without MS and controls.Our study suggested that MTP 493 G/T gene polymorphism may act as susceptibility biomarker for NAFLD and MS.展开更多
Herein,we report the synthesis of a Dy-Gd co-doped cubic phase-stabilized Bi_(2)O_(3) solid electrolyte system via solid-state processing under atmospheric conditions.Doping with Dy^(3+) and Gd^(3+) has been observed ...Herein,we report the synthesis of a Dy-Gd co-doped cubic phase-stabilized Bi_(2)O_(3) solid electrolyte system via solid-state processing under atmospheric conditions.Doping with Dy^(3+) and Gd^(3+) has been observed to significantly enhance the densification process during sintering for stabilization purposes,thereby improving the electrical properties of δ-Bi_(2)O_(3)-type polymorphs.The synthesized ceramics were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD),field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(FESEM-EDX),thermal gravimetry/differential thermal analysis(TG/DTA),and the four-point probe technique(4PPT).XRD analysis reveals that the samples Bi_(1-x-y)Gd_(x)Dy_(y)O_(1.5)(y=0.05/x=0.05,0.10,0,15,and 0.20,and x=0.05/y=0.10,0.15,and 0.20) exhibit a stable face-centered cubic δ-phase and a mixed-phase crystallographic structure.The XRD analysis of the stabilized δ-phase suggests that the prepared oxides show a face-centered cubic(FCC) structure with a space group of Fm-3m.FESEM micrographs reveal that the composition Bi_(0.90)Gd_(0.05)Dy_(0.05)O_(1.5) has no significant holes.Nevertheless,an evident increase in the pore formation is observed as the amount of Gd_(2)O_(3) increases until it reaches 20%.This finding suggests that dense pellets are formed during the sintering process at 900-1000℃.The DTA analyses were performed to verify the phase stability,which agrees with the XRD results.The electrochemical performance of the synthesized Dy-Gd co-doped Bi_(2)O_(3)solid electrolyte system was evaluated and analyzed in detail by using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) technique,Based on EIS and conductivity measurements,Bi_(0.75)Gd_(0.20)Dy_(0.05)O_(1.5) exhibits the lowest activation energy of 0.519 eV and the highest conductivity value of 0.398 S/cm at 627℃compared to the other samples;this composition can be used as a solid electrolyte for intermediatetemperature solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs).展开更多
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LTx)is vital in patients with end-stage liver disease,with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease being the most common indication.Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)...BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LTx)is vital in patients with end-stage liver disease,with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease being the most common indication.Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)is an important indication.Portopulmonary hypertension,associated with portal hypertension,poses a significant perioperative risk,making pretransplant screening essential.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 41-year-old woman with PSC who developed severe pul-monary hypertension years after a successful LTx.She presented with worsening dyspnea on exertion and presyncope.Diagnostic evaluation confirmed severe precapillary pulmonary hypertension without evidence of recurrent portal hy-pertension.Initial management with Sildenafil and Macitentan led to a significant improvement in her symptoms,exercise capacity,and biomarkers.This case highlights the rare development of de novo pulmonary hypertension in a liver transplant recipient without recurrent portal hypertension,possibly linked to autoimmune processes or primary liver disease itself.The patient’s positive re-sponse to the combination therapy underscores the importance of prompt diag-nosis and aggressive management.CONCLUSION In conclusion,pulmonary arterial hypertension post-LTx is a rare but serious complication with a poor prognosis,necessitating further research to better understand its mechanisms and to develop effective strategies for prevention and treatment.展开更多
Air pollution from shipping is becoming a critical issue,particularly in dense hub port cities.One proposed solution to minimize ship-based emissions at ports is the implementation of an Onshore Power Supply(OPS)syste...Air pollution from shipping is becoming a critical issue,particularly in dense hub port cities.One proposed solution to minimize ship-based emissions at ports is the implementation of an Onshore Power Supply(OPS)system.OPS allows ships to shut off their auxiliary engines and instead connect to the port grid.While there have been numerous studies conducted on ports in Europe and the United States,little research has been done on Egyptian ports.Therefore,this paper aims to investigate the feasibility of implementing OPS at Port Said West Port in Egypt,aligning with Egypt Vision 2030’s goals for addressing climate change.The research primarily focuses on analyzing data collected from calling ships to generate socio-economic and cost-effectiveness analyses of OPS.To further enhance the environmental benefits of OPS,the paper proposes the use of solar energy as the OPS electricity source.The findings of the study revealed that by relying on the national grid,emissions can be reduced by 28%.Moreover,it is predicted that this reduction could reach 100%if electricity generation is solely based on solar energy.Additionally,the economic analysis demonstrates promising profitability,with a payback period of approximately two years.展开更多
Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.are the primary soil-borne plant diseases responsible for sig-nificant reductions in global crop yields.The primary goal of this study was to investigate the ant...Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.are the primary soil-borne plant diseases responsible for sig-nificant reductions in global crop yields.The primary goal of this study was to investigate the antifungal potentials of clove essential oil(CEO),nanoemulsion form(CEONE)and chitosan/nanoemulsion nanocomposite(CS/CEONE)against R.solani and S.rolfsii through in vitro and in vivo trials.Both CEONE and CS/CEONE were prepared and investigated for their physical chemical and morphological characterization.The poisoned medium method was utilized to evaluate the inhibitory effects of CEO,CEONE and CS/CEONE on the mycelial growth and enzymatic activity of R.solani and S.rolfsii.The changes of hyphae of R.solani and S.rolfsii in response to treating with CEONE and CS/CEONE were observed with scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results revealed that CEONE have larger size 86±3 nm and a broader range of PDI 0.121±0.011 on the average.While,CS/CEONE has smaller size of 49±4 nm and narrower PDI of 0.099±0.009.Both nanoemulsions had uniform spherical nanodroplets form and exhibited acidic nature.Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR)and UV-Visible Spectroscopy(UV-Vis)verified the successful incorporation of both CS and CEO within the nanoe-mulsion system.The results demonstrated a sustained and prolonged release profile from CS/CEONE for up to 4 days.The inhibitory effect of CEONE and CS/CEONE showed dose-dependent activity against mycelial growth of both fungi.CEONE and CS/CEONE at concentration 500µL/L exhibited the strongest inhibition with a sig-nificant(p<0.05)variation among them with value ranging from 56.11%to 71.94%and 52.2%to 79.2%,respec-tively.Comparing to control,CS/CEONE revealed the highest inhibitory effect against S.rolfsii after 96 h followed by CEONE with value reached 50.6%and 44.1%,respectively.The antifungal activity of the nanoemulsion showed strain–dependent behavior,where S.rolfsii was the most affected.SEM images showed changes in the hyphal structure of S.rolfsii and 展开更多
Background The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a 4-week dutasteride treatment on reducing the intraoperative and postoperative bleeding,as well as the amount and duration of irrigation required to clear ...Background The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a 4-week dutasteride treatment on reducing the intraoperative and postoperative bleeding,as well as the amount and duration of irrigation required to clear the urine after transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP)≥50 g in men receiving the antiplatelet drug(APD).Materials and methods This double-blind randomized clinical trial included patients with a prostate size≥50 g who were indicated for TURP and were already receiving APD.The study was conducted in the Urology Department of Cairo University over a 12-month period.Routine preoperative laboratory investigations were performed in all patients.Moreover,baseline prostate size,serum prostate-specific antigen level,and International Prostate Symptom Score were estimated.The patients were randomly divided into 2 equal groups(groups A and B).Group A,the dutasteride group,received dutasteride(0.5 mg)once daily for 4 weeks.Group B,the placebo group,received a placebo capsule once daily for 4 weeks.Both groups underwent bipolar TURP.Fifteen patients were excluded from the study;9 patients from group A and 6 patients from group B,either due to drug intolerability or loss follow-up.Results The mean blood loss was insignificant between the 2 groups immediately after and 24 hours after surgery(Δhemoglobin:1.41±0.63 g/dL vs.1.48±0.54 g/dL,2.12±0.70 g/dL vs.2.31±0.78 g/dL,respectively,p=0.631,p=0.333;Δhematocrit:2.97%±1.51%vs.3.16%±1.36%,4.96%±1.87%vs.5.73%±4.39%,respectively,p=0.610,p=0.380).However,there were significant differences in duration of indwelling urethral catheter(5.10±0.55 days vs.5.80±1.79 days,p=0.048),duration of bladder irrigation(13.60±2.85 hours vs.16.33±6.62 hours,p=0.044),and the amount of saline used for bladder irrigation(11.03±2.30 L vs.13.87±6.13 L,p=0.046)between group A and group B.respectively.Conclusions Treatment with dutasteride for 4 weeks before TURP in men receiving APD did not significantly reduce intraoperative or postoperative bleeding after TURP but co展开更多
Background and Aims:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a silent disease;its spectrum includes simple steatosis,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis.Pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines play roles in the p...Background and Aims:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a silent disease;its spectrum includes simple steatosis,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis.Pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines play roles in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and insulin resistance (IR).Moreover,plasma cell antigen-1 (PC-1) is related to IR and associated with NAFLD progression.Therefore,we aimed to detect biomarkers,ultrasonographic and anthropometric findings capable of differentiating NAFLD grades,since most previous investigators were concerned more with NAFLD patients without classifying them into grades.Methods:A total of 87 NAFLD patients (31 with grade 1 (mild NAFLD),26 with grade 2 (moderate NAFLD) and 30 with grade 3 (severe NAFLD) were included in the study,in addition to 47 controls (grade 0).All subjects underwent ultrasonographic examination for NAFLD diagnosis.Serum interleukin-10 (IL-10),plasma interleukin-18 (IL-18) and plasma PC-1 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR was higher in different NAFLD grades than in controls.Ultrasonographic and anthropometric findings and lipid profile indices (except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,which was decreased) were increased with NAFLD progression.Grade 3 patients showed significant increase in levels of IL-18 and significant decrease in IL-10 and PC-1 levels when compared to grade 1 patients.Conclusion:Anthropometric and ultrasonographic findings were valuable in differentiating NAFLD grades.IR is very important in NAFLD pathogenesis.IL-18,HOMA-index and PC-1 levels could be used to differentiate between NAFLD grades,together with other measurements.展开更多
Background As the most widely cultivated fiber crop,cotton production depends on hybridization to unlock the yield potential of current varieties.A deep understanding of genetic dissection is crucial for the cultivati...Background As the most widely cultivated fiber crop,cotton production depends on hybridization to unlock the yield potential of current varieties.A deep understanding of genetic dissection is crucial for the cultivation of enhanced hybrid plants with desired traits,such as high yield and fine fiber quality.In this study,the general combining ability(GCA)and specific combining ability(SCA)of yield and fiber quality of nine cotton parents(six lines and three testers)and eighteen F1 crosses produced using a line×tester mating design were analyzed.Results The results revealed significant effects of genotypes,parents,crosses,and interactions between parents and crosses for most of the studied traits.Moreover,the effects of both additive and non-additive gene actions played a notably significant role in the inheritance of most of the yield and fiber quality attributes.The F1 hybrids of(Giza 90×Aust)×Giza 86,Uzbekistan 1×Giza 97,and Giza 96×Giza 97 demonstrated superior performance due to their favorable integration of high yield attributes and premium fiber quality characteristics.Path analysis revealed that lint yield has the highest positive direct effect on seed cotton yield,while lint percentage showed the highest negative direct effect on seed cotton yield.Principal component analysis identified specific parents and hybrids associated with higher cotton yield,fiber quality,and other agronomic traits.Conclusion This study provides insights into identifying potential single-and three-way cross hybrids with superior cotton yield and fiber quality characteristics,laying a foundation for future research on improving fiber quality in cotton.展开更多
Abnormal weather conditions and extreme weather existed over the Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA) through the last decades. The present paper investigates the relationship between the Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) and variabilit...Abnormal weather conditions and extreme weather existed over the Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA) through the last decades. The present paper investigates the relationship between the Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) and variability of surface air temperature and precipitation rate over KSA through the period from 1950 to 2015 year. The NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis of monthly data sets of the mean surface air temperature and precipitation rate for the domain of the KSA is used. In addition, El Nino3.4 monthly data through the period (1950-2015) are used. For that period, the data set of the three months moving average of Nino3.4 anomaly, Oceanic Nino index (ONI), is used and analyzed. The time series, anomaly and correlation coefficient techniques are used to analyze the data sets through the present study. The results revealed that the KSA climate parameters, temperature and precipitation rates are controlled by ONI mainly in the autumn and winter seasons.展开更多
Background: Cesarean section is one of the most common surgeries performed worldwide and its consequences and complications represent a major public health concern. The policy of enhanced recovery after surgery has be...Background: Cesarean section is one of the most common surgeries performed worldwide and its consequences and complications represent a major public health concern. The policy of enhanced recovery after surgery has been implemented after cesarean section to optimize perioperative care. Enhanced recovery also aims to reduce the length of hospital stay, which might imply substantial healthcare savings. Rising hospital costs are one of the factors in early discharge. Patients & Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. 158 patients met the inclusion criteria of the study, 81 patients were discharged after 48 hours and 77 patients were discharged after 24 hours. All patients received the same postoperative care and instructions. All the study participants received a phone call 1, 3, and 5 days after discharge to objectively assess the activities of daily living through Katz index of independence in activities of daily living. All patients were offered a postpartum visit 1 week after discharge during which the wound was assessed by the Southampton wound assessment scale. Moreover, other maternal complications such as mastitis, puerperal sepsis, or pyelonephritis were assessed and cases who were readmitted were documented. Initiation of successful breastfeeding and neonatal readmission were reported as well. Results: 158 patients met the inclusion/exclusion criteria of the study. There was no significant difference between the two arms of the study regarding baseline characteristics. Katz index of independence showed that the resumption of activities of daily living after CS was similar in both arms of the study on days 1, 3 and 5 after discharge. Time till the passage of flatus and stool after the cesarean section was significantly shorter among the early discharge arm (9.31 VS 14.68, p value < 0.001 & 13.25 VS 24.82, p value < 0.001 respectively). Maternal readmission was not significantly higher among the early discharge arm and at the 1-week postpartum visit, objective wound assessment by Southampton wound scor展开更多
The paper describes the simulation of impact loads applied on plate panels with welding-induced residual stresses and deformation (WSD). Numerical simulations using FEM are carried out to study the influence of weldin...The paper describes the simulation of impact loads applied on plate panels with welding-induced residual stresses and deformation (WSD). Numerical simulations using FEM are carried out to study the influence of welding-induced residual stresses and deformation on the impact strength of plate panels. Welding is simulated using a three dimensional thermal mechanical coupled finite element method. The welding stress and deformation are taken as the initial imperfections in the impact strength analysis and their influence on the behavior of plate panels subjected to impact loadings. The impact loadings from the three directions, the lateral direction and two in-plane directions of the plate panels are studied. Results show a certain reduction in the impact strength due to the existence of welding stress and deformation in the plate panels. It is found that the reduction of impact force is strongly influenced by the welding deformation and the impact directions in the plate panels. This reduction is more significant when the impact force is in the lateral direction.展开更多
文摘AIM: To evaluate the effect of releasing the orbicularis retaining ligament(ORL) complex of the tear trough combined with the transconjunctival blepharoplasty in the surgical management of tear trough deformity compared with the effect of blepharoplasty alone. METHODS: A prospective, randomized(by closed envelope technique), controlled surgical trial which included 50 patients(100 eyes) with bilateral visible tear trough deformity and lower eyelid fat bulging, was divided into two groups where 25 patients(50 eyes) had tear trough-ORL release with blepharoplasty and 25 patients(50 eyes) didn't. Qualitative and quantitative assessments of tear trough deformity were done at 6 mo postoperatively, achieving grade 0 or 1 of Barton's classification was considered a success. Standardized photographic documentation of each patient was done pre and postoperatively, also assessment of the patients' satisfaction postoperatively was done and ranked as excellent, very good, good or fair. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in the overall aesthetic results postoperatively regarding the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the tear trough deformity, where patients who had tear trough-ORL complex release had more successful outcomes than those of the second group. CONCLUSION: ORL release should be done in patients with tear trough deformity in order to release the tethering effect of this ligament which causes the prominence of the naso jugal groove.
文摘Understanding the mutual relationship between the liver and the heart is important for both hepatologists and cardiologists. Hepato-cardiac diseases can be classified into heart diseases affecting the liver, liver diseases affecting the heart, and conditions affecting the heart and the liver at the same time. Differential diagnoses of liver injury are extremely important in a cardiologist's clinical practice calling for collaboration between cardiologists and hepatologists due to the many other diseases that can affect the liver and mimic haemodynamic injury. Acute and chronic heart failure may lead to acute ischemic hepatitis or chronic congestive hepatopathy. Treatment in these cases should be directed to the primary heart disease. In patients with advanced liver disease, cirrhotic cardiomyopathy may develop including hemodynamic changes, diastolic and systolic dysfunctions, reduced cardiac performance and electrophysiological abnormalities. Cardiac evaluation is important for patients with liver diseases especially before and after liver transplantation. Liver transplantation may lead to the improvement of all cardiac changes and the reversal of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. There are systemic diseases that may affect both the liver and the heart concomitantly including congenital, metabolic and inflammatory diseases as well as alcoholism. This review highlights these hepatocardiac
文摘Background: Vaccinations for animals are crucial for food production, animal welfare, public health, and animal health. They are an affordable way to stop animal sickness, increase food production efficiency, and lessen or stop the spread of zoonotic diseases to humans. Animal vaccines that are both safe and efficacious are vital to modern culture. The vaccine should induce a strong, protective and prolonged immune response against the antigenic factor. In order to achieve these goals, novel vaccination techniques and an efficient adjuvant are required to render the vaccine immunogenically protective and trigger a strong immune response. Aim: Our study aims to promote and enhance the immunogenicity against RVF virus disease through lyophilized inactivated RVF vaccine through induction of early cellular, high and prolonged humeral immunity in vaccinated animals using cabopol as stabilizer and Saponin or normal saline as a diluent at time of vaccination. Moreover, manufacturing of these vaccines is easy to be done. Results: The gained results revealed that RVF freeze-dried vaccine with Carbopol that reconstituted using Saponin elicited better immune response than that reconstituted using normal saline (NaCl). The cell mediated immune response as represented by lymphocyte blastogenesis and phagocytic activity were markedly increased with high levels when we used Saponin as a diluent than that in group vaccinated with vaccine diluted with NaCl, on the other side the humeral immune response in group vaccinated using the Saponin as diluent is more detected and stayed within the protective level till the end of 11<sup>th</sup> month post vaccination (1.5 TCID<sub>50</sub>) while the immune response induced after using normal saline as a diluent stayed within the protective level till the end of 10<sup>th</sup> month post vaccination (1.8 TCID<sub>50</sub>). Conclusion: The use of Saponin as a diluent for reconstitution of the freeze dried RVF vaccine is preferable than the use of normal saline enhancing both sheep cellu
文摘Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, including coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is a shared burden disease and the leading cause of death in developed and developing countries. We aimed to assess the angiographic patterns of coronary arteries in patients with DM in a developing country (Yemen) as the first study. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional, prospective, observational study that includes a total of 250 patients who were admitted for elective diagnostic coronary angiography. Results: 96 (38.4%) patients were diabetics;68% were male;mean age was 57 ± 11 years. The incidence of three-vessel disease was 31.2% of patients. Considering the severity of lumen occlusion, (11.2%) of patients had non-significant lesions, (37.6%) of patients had significant lesions, and (32%) had total occlusive lesions. Lesions were of LAD in 76%, RCA in 60%, and LCX in 52% of the population. Among diabetics, two and 3-vessel diseases (33.3% vs. 20.8% & 50% vs. 19.5%, P = 0.001), left main lesion (10.4% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.012), significant stenosis (41.7% vs. 35.1%, P = 0.032), total occlusion of coronary arteries (43.8% vs. 19.5%, P = 0.032) and type C lesion (66.7% vs. 35.1%, P = 0.010) were more frequent than non-DM patients. Conclusion: The burden of significant and severe coronary lesions is more common among DM, which may be the major cause of morbidity and mortality of DM in developing countries.
文摘Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.
文摘Objective:We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical estrogen after transvaginal tension-free vaginal tape-obturator(TVT-O)in the treatment of de novo overactive bladder symptoms that appear after surgery.Methods:This is a prospective randomized controlled study performed in the Urology and Gynecology Departments,Kasr Al Ainy Hospital,Cairo University,Cairo,Egypt.Two hundred and ten postmenopausal females presenting during the period between January 2017 and November 2020 with stress urinary incontinence were included in the study.Patients were divided into two groups,105 patients in Group A(treatment group)and 105 patients in Group B(control group).Patients in Group A underwent transvaginal TVT-O followed by local vaginal estrogen treatment for 6 months,while patients in Group B underwent transvaginal TVT-O only.The study included any postmenopausal female with urodynamic stress urinary incontinence.All patients had to fulfill a 3-day bladder diary,overactive bladder symptoms score,urine analysis,urodynamic study,and post-voiding residual urine measurement by abdominal ultrasound preoperatively and at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups.Results:At 6-month follow-up,daytime frequency was reduced to 8%in Group A(increased to 21%in Group B)with a statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.009).At 6-month follow-up,nocturia was 8%in Group A(11%in Group B)with no statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.469).There was a statistically significant difference between both groups as regards to urinary urgency at 6-month follow-up(p=0.024).There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative wound healing events as regards to cure,hyperemia,gapping,and wound infection 1 week after intervention between both groups(p=0.008).No local or systemic side-effects were reported from local estrogen use.Conclusion:Local vaginal estrogen treatment given to postmenopausal patients after midurethral sling procedures can reduce the symptoms of daytime frequency and urinary urgency.Long-ter
文摘Ammonium perchlorate(APC)is the most common oxidizer in use for solid rocket propulsion systems.However its initial thermal decomposition is an endothermic process that requires 102.5 J·g^-1.This manner involves high activation energy and could render high burning rate regime.This study reports on the sustainable fabrication of CuO nanoparticles as a novel catalyzing agent for APC oxidizer.Colloidal CuO nanoparticles with consistent product quality were fabricated by using hydrothermal processing.TEM micrographs demonstrated mono-dispersed particles of 15 nm particle size.XRD diffractogram demonstrated highly crystalline material.The synthesized colloidal CuO particles were effectively coated with APC particles via co-precipitation by using fast-crash solvent-antisolvent technique.The impact of copper oxide particles on APC thermal behavior has been investigated using DSC and TGA techniques.APC demonstrated an initial endothermic decomposition stage at 242℃ with subsequent two exothermic decomposition stages at 297,8℃ and 452.8℃ respectively.At 1 wt%,copper oxide offered decrease in initial endothermic decomposition stage by 30%.The main outcome of this study is that the two main exothermic decomposition peaks were merged into one single peak with an increase in total heat release by 53%.These novel features can inherit copper oxide particles unique catalyzing ability for advanced highly energetic systems.
基金This work was supported by grant from National Research Centre,Egypt(Project Number 10010205).
文摘This study was performed for investigation the relationship between variants of MTP gene polymorphism and the development of NAFLD in patients with and without MS.The study was included 174 NAFLD patients(106 with MS and 68 without MS),and 141 healthy control subjects.The 493 G/T polymorphism of MTP gene was evaluated by PCR-RFLP method.The frequency of MTP TT genotype and T allele were significantly higher in NAFLD patients when compared to healthy controls.Moreover,a significant association in MTP gene polymorphism was observed in NAFLD patients with MS compared to NAFLD patients without MS and controls.Our study suggested that MTP 493 G/T gene polymorphism may act as susceptibility biomarker for NAFLD and MS.
文摘Herein,we report the synthesis of a Dy-Gd co-doped cubic phase-stabilized Bi_(2)O_(3) solid electrolyte system via solid-state processing under atmospheric conditions.Doping with Dy^(3+) and Gd^(3+) has been observed to significantly enhance the densification process during sintering for stabilization purposes,thereby improving the electrical properties of δ-Bi_(2)O_(3)-type polymorphs.The synthesized ceramics were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD),field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(FESEM-EDX),thermal gravimetry/differential thermal analysis(TG/DTA),and the four-point probe technique(4PPT).XRD analysis reveals that the samples Bi_(1-x-y)Gd_(x)Dy_(y)O_(1.5)(y=0.05/x=0.05,0.10,0,15,and 0.20,and x=0.05/y=0.10,0.15,and 0.20) exhibit a stable face-centered cubic δ-phase and a mixed-phase crystallographic structure.The XRD analysis of the stabilized δ-phase suggests that the prepared oxides show a face-centered cubic(FCC) structure with a space group of Fm-3m.FESEM micrographs reveal that the composition Bi_(0.90)Gd_(0.05)Dy_(0.05)O_(1.5) has no significant holes.Nevertheless,an evident increase in the pore formation is observed as the amount of Gd_(2)O_(3) increases until it reaches 20%.This finding suggests that dense pellets are formed during the sintering process at 900-1000℃.The DTA analyses were performed to verify the phase stability,which agrees with the XRD results.The electrochemical performance of the synthesized Dy-Gd co-doped Bi_(2)O_(3)solid electrolyte system was evaluated and analyzed in detail by using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) technique,Based on EIS and conductivity measurements,Bi_(0.75)Gd_(0.20)Dy_(0.05)O_(1.5) exhibits the lowest activation energy of 0.519 eV and the highest conductivity value of 0.398 S/cm at 627℃compared to the other samples;this composition can be used as a solid electrolyte for intermediatetemperature solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs).
文摘BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LTx)is vital in patients with end-stage liver disease,with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease being the most common indication.Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)is an important indication.Portopulmonary hypertension,associated with portal hypertension,poses a significant perioperative risk,making pretransplant screening essential.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 41-year-old woman with PSC who developed severe pul-monary hypertension years after a successful LTx.She presented with worsening dyspnea on exertion and presyncope.Diagnostic evaluation confirmed severe precapillary pulmonary hypertension without evidence of recurrent portal hy-pertension.Initial management with Sildenafil and Macitentan led to a significant improvement in her symptoms,exercise capacity,and biomarkers.This case highlights the rare development of de novo pulmonary hypertension in a liver transplant recipient without recurrent portal hypertension,possibly linked to autoimmune processes or primary liver disease itself.The patient’s positive re-sponse to the combination therapy underscores the importance of prompt diag-nosis and aggressive management.CONCLUSION In conclusion,pulmonary arterial hypertension post-LTx is a rare but serious complication with a poor prognosis,necessitating further research to better understand its mechanisms and to develop effective strategies for prevention and treatment.
文摘Air pollution from shipping is becoming a critical issue,particularly in dense hub port cities.One proposed solution to minimize ship-based emissions at ports is the implementation of an Onshore Power Supply(OPS)system.OPS allows ships to shut off their auxiliary engines and instead connect to the port grid.While there have been numerous studies conducted on ports in Europe and the United States,little research has been done on Egyptian ports.Therefore,this paper aims to investigate the feasibility of implementing OPS at Port Said West Port in Egypt,aligning with Egypt Vision 2030’s goals for addressing climate change.The research primarily focuses on analyzing data collected from calling ships to generate socio-economic and cost-effectiveness analyses of OPS.To further enhance the environmental benefits of OPS,the paper proposes the use of solar energy as the OPS electricity source.The findings of the study revealed that by relying on the national grid,emissions can be reduced by 28%.Moreover,it is predicted that this reduction could reach 100%if electricity generation is solely based on solar energy.Additionally,the economic analysis demonstrates promising profitability,with a payback period of approximately two years.
基金This research was kindly funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research,Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research,King Faisal University,Saudi Arabia,grant number(KFU241802).
文摘Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.are the primary soil-borne plant diseases responsible for sig-nificant reductions in global crop yields.The primary goal of this study was to investigate the antifungal potentials of clove essential oil(CEO),nanoemulsion form(CEONE)and chitosan/nanoemulsion nanocomposite(CS/CEONE)against R.solani and S.rolfsii through in vitro and in vivo trials.Both CEONE and CS/CEONE were prepared and investigated for their physical chemical and morphological characterization.The poisoned medium method was utilized to evaluate the inhibitory effects of CEO,CEONE and CS/CEONE on the mycelial growth and enzymatic activity of R.solani and S.rolfsii.The changes of hyphae of R.solani and S.rolfsii in response to treating with CEONE and CS/CEONE were observed with scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results revealed that CEONE have larger size 86±3 nm and a broader range of PDI 0.121±0.011 on the average.While,CS/CEONE has smaller size of 49±4 nm and narrower PDI of 0.099±0.009.Both nanoemulsions had uniform spherical nanodroplets form and exhibited acidic nature.Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR)and UV-Visible Spectroscopy(UV-Vis)verified the successful incorporation of both CS and CEO within the nanoe-mulsion system.The results demonstrated a sustained and prolonged release profile from CS/CEONE for up to 4 days.The inhibitory effect of CEONE and CS/CEONE showed dose-dependent activity against mycelial growth of both fungi.CEONE and CS/CEONE at concentration 500µL/L exhibited the strongest inhibition with a sig-nificant(p<0.05)variation among them with value ranging from 56.11%to 71.94%and 52.2%to 79.2%,respec-tively.Comparing to control,CS/CEONE revealed the highest inhibitory effect against S.rolfsii after 96 h followed by CEONE with value reached 50.6%and 44.1%,respectively.The antifungal activity of the nanoemulsion showed strain–dependent behavior,where S.rolfsii was the most affected.SEM images showed changes in the hyphal structure of S.rolfsii and
文摘Background The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a 4-week dutasteride treatment on reducing the intraoperative and postoperative bleeding,as well as the amount and duration of irrigation required to clear the urine after transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP)≥50 g in men receiving the antiplatelet drug(APD).Materials and methods This double-blind randomized clinical trial included patients with a prostate size≥50 g who were indicated for TURP and were already receiving APD.The study was conducted in the Urology Department of Cairo University over a 12-month period.Routine preoperative laboratory investigations were performed in all patients.Moreover,baseline prostate size,serum prostate-specific antigen level,and International Prostate Symptom Score were estimated.The patients were randomly divided into 2 equal groups(groups A and B).Group A,the dutasteride group,received dutasteride(0.5 mg)once daily for 4 weeks.Group B,the placebo group,received a placebo capsule once daily for 4 weeks.Both groups underwent bipolar TURP.Fifteen patients were excluded from the study;9 patients from group A and 6 patients from group B,either due to drug intolerability or loss follow-up.Results The mean blood loss was insignificant between the 2 groups immediately after and 24 hours after surgery(Δhemoglobin:1.41±0.63 g/dL vs.1.48±0.54 g/dL,2.12±0.70 g/dL vs.2.31±0.78 g/dL,respectively,p=0.631,p=0.333;Δhematocrit:2.97%±1.51%vs.3.16%±1.36%,4.96%±1.87%vs.5.73%±4.39%,respectively,p=0.610,p=0.380).However,there were significant differences in duration of indwelling urethral catheter(5.10±0.55 days vs.5.80±1.79 days,p=0.048),duration of bladder irrigation(13.60±2.85 hours vs.16.33±6.62 hours,p=0.044),and the amount of saline used for bladder irrigation(11.03±2.30 L vs.13.87±6.13 L,p=0.046)between group A and group B.respectively.Conclusions Treatment with dutasteride for 4 weeks before TURP in men receiving APD did not significantly reduce intraoperative or postoperative bleeding after TURP but co
基金Funding for this research was provided by the Egyptian National Research Center (Project Number 10010205)
文摘Background and Aims:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a silent disease;its spectrum includes simple steatosis,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis.Pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines play roles in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and insulin resistance (IR).Moreover,plasma cell antigen-1 (PC-1) is related to IR and associated with NAFLD progression.Therefore,we aimed to detect biomarkers,ultrasonographic and anthropometric findings capable of differentiating NAFLD grades,since most previous investigators were concerned more with NAFLD patients without classifying them into grades.Methods:A total of 87 NAFLD patients (31 with grade 1 (mild NAFLD),26 with grade 2 (moderate NAFLD) and 30 with grade 3 (severe NAFLD) were included in the study,in addition to 47 controls (grade 0).All subjects underwent ultrasonographic examination for NAFLD diagnosis.Serum interleukin-10 (IL-10),plasma interleukin-18 (IL-18) and plasma PC-1 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR was higher in different NAFLD grades than in controls.Ultrasonographic and anthropometric findings and lipid profile indices (except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,which was decreased) were increased with NAFLD progression.Grade 3 patients showed significant increase in levels of IL-18 and significant decrease in IL-10 and PC-1 levels when compared to grade 1 patients.Conclusion:Anthropometric and ultrasonographic findings were valuable in differentiating NAFLD grades.IR is very important in NAFLD pathogenesis.IL-18,HOMA-index and PC-1 levels could be used to differentiate between NAFLD grades,together with other measurements.
文摘Background As the most widely cultivated fiber crop,cotton production depends on hybridization to unlock the yield potential of current varieties.A deep understanding of genetic dissection is crucial for the cultivation of enhanced hybrid plants with desired traits,such as high yield and fine fiber quality.In this study,the general combining ability(GCA)and specific combining ability(SCA)of yield and fiber quality of nine cotton parents(six lines and three testers)and eighteen F1 crosses produced using a line×tester mating design were analyzed.Results The results revealed significant effects of genotypes,parents,crosses,and interactions between parents and crosses for most of the studied traits.Moreover,the effects of both additive and non-additive gene actions played a notably significant role in the inheritance of most of the yield and fiber quality attributes.The F1 hybrids of(Giza 90×Aust)×Giza 86,Uzbekistan 1×Giza 97,and Giza 96×Giza 97 demonstrated superior performance due to their favorable integration of high yield attributes and premium fiber quality characteristics.Path analysis revealed that lint yield has the highest positive direct effect on seed cotton yield,while lint percentage showed the highest negative direct effect on seed cotton yield.Principal component analysis identified specific parents and hybrids associated with higher cotton yield,fiber quality,and other agronomic traits.Conclusion This study provides insights into identifying potential single-and three-way cross hybrids with superior cotton yield and fiber quality characteristics,laying a foundation for future research on improving fiber quality in cotton.
文摘Abnormal weather conditions and extreme weather existed over the Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA) through the last decades. The present paper investigates the relationship between the Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) and variability of surface air temperature and precipitation rate over KSA through the period from 1950 to 2015 year. The NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis of monthly data sets of the mean surface air temperature and precipitation rate for the domain of the KSA is used. In addition, El Nino3.4 monthly data through the period (1950-2015) are used. For that period, the data set of the three months moving average of Nino3.4 anomaly, Oceanic Nino index (ONI), is used and analyzed. The time series, anomaly and correlation coefficient techniques are used to analyze the data sets through the present study. The results revealed that the KSA climate parameters, temperature and precipitation rates are controlled by ONI mainly in the autumn and winter seasons.
文摘Background: Cesarean section is one of the most common surgeries performed worldwide and its consequences and complications represent a major public health concern. The policy of enhanced recovery after surgery has been implemented after cesarean section to optimize perioperative care. Enhanced recovery also aims to reduce the length of hospital stay, which might imply substantial healthcare savings. Rising hospital costs are one of the factors in early discharge. Patients & Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. 158 patients met the inclusion criteria of the study, 81 patients were discharged after 48 hours and 77 patients were discharged after 24 hours. All patients received the same postoperative care and instructions. All the study participants received a phone call 1, 3, and 5 days after discharge to objectively assess the activities of daily living through Katz index of independence in activities of daily living. All patients were offered a postpartum visit 1 week after discharge during which the wound was assessed by the Southampton wound assessment scale. Moreover, other maternal complications such as mastitis, puerperal sepsis, or pyelonephritis were assessed and cases who were readmitted were documented. Initiation of successful breastfeeding and neonatal readmission were reported as well. Results: 158 patients met the inclusion/exclusion criteria of the study. There was no significant difference between the two arms of the study regarding baseline characteristics. Katz index of independence showed that the resumption of activities of daily living after CS was similar in both arms of the study on days 1, 3 and 5 after discharge. Time till the passage of flatus and stool after the cesarean section was significantly shorter among the early discharge arm (9.31 VS 14.68, p value < 0.001 & 13.25 VS 24.82, p value < 0.001 respectively). Maternal readmission was not significantly higher among the early discharge arm and at the 1-week postpartum visit, objective wound assessment by Southampton wound scor
文摘The paper describes the simulation of impact loads applied on plate panels with welding-induced residual stresses and deformation (WSD). Numerical simulations using FEM are carried out to study the influence of welding-induced residual stresses and deformation on the impact strength of plate panels. Welding is simulated using a three dimensional thermal mechanical coupled finite element method. The welding stress and deformation are taken as the initial imperfections in the impact strength analysis and their influence on the behavior of plate panels subjected to impact loadings. The impact loadings from the three directions, the lateral direction and two in-plane directions of the plate panels are studied. Results show a certain reduction in the impact strength due to the existence of welding stress and deformation in the plate panels. It is found that the reduction of impact force is strongly influenced by the welding deformation and the impact directions in the plate panels. This reduction is more significant when the impact force is in the lateral direction.
