Stochastic modelling of hydrological time series with insufficient length and data gaps is a serious challenge since these problems significantly affect the reliability of statistical models predicting and forecasting...Stochastic modelling of hydrological time series with insufficient length and data gaps is a serious challenge since these problems significantly affect the reliability of statistical models predicting and forecasting skills.In this paper,we proposed a method for searching the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average(SARIMA)model parameters to predict the behavior of groundwater time series affected by the issues mentioned.Based on the analysis of statistical indices,8 stations among 44 available within the Campania region(Italy)have been selected as the highest quality measurements.Different SARIMA models,with different autoregressive,moving average and differentiation orders had been used.By reviewing the criteria used to determine the consistency and goodness-of-fit of the model,it is revealed that the model with specific combination of parameters,SARIMA(0,1,3)(0,1,2)_(12),has a high R^(2) value,larger than 92%,for each of the 8 selected stations.The same model has also good performances for what concern the forecasting skills,with an average NSE of about 96%.Therefore,this study has the potential to provide a new horizon for the simulation and reconstruction of groundwater time series within the investigated area.展开更多
A headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME/GC-MS)method was used to study the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)associated with the differential immune response of tomato plants...A headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME/GC-MS)method was used to study the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)associated with the differential immune response of tomato plants infected with the recombinant strain of potato virus Y(PVY^(C)-to),necrogenic to tomato.Analysis was carried out in UC82(UC),a virus susceptible tomato variety,comparing the same UC plants grafted or not onto a virus tolerant tomato ecotype,Manduria(Ma);the three types of samples used for the GC-MS analysis were mock-inoculated UC/Ma plants,UC/Ma+PVY^(C)-to and UC+PVY^(C)-to plants;the VOCs obtained were 111.Results from symptomatic PVY^(C)-to-infected UC plants showed a VOCs composition enriched in alcohols,fatty acid derivates,benzenoids,and salicylic acid derivatives,while in mock-inoculated UC/Ma plants VOCs were mainly characterized by methyl ester compounds.The VOC profile was in line with RNAseq data analyses,denoting that PVY^(C)-to viral RNA accumulation and disease symptoms induce the specific transcriptional activation of genes involved in VOCs biosynthesis.Furthermore,principal component analysis highlighted that VOCs of PVY^(C)-to-infected and mock-inoculated grafted plants were much closer each other than that of symptomatic PVY^(C)-to-infected non-grafted UC plants.These results suggest that VOCs profiles of tomato plants are related to the viral RNA accumulation,disease intensity and graft-derived tolerance to PVY^(C)-to infection.展开更多
Is hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBO2T)useful to counteract severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in positive asymptomatic patients?Asymptomatic persons seem to account for approximately 45%of SARS-Co...Is hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBO2T)useful to counteract severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in positive asymptomatic patients?Asymptomatic persons seem to account for approximately 45%of SARS-CoV-2 infections,and they can transmit the virus to others for an extended period,perhaps longer than 14days.In patients dying from SARS-CoV-2 infection,the mean number of concomitant diseases was 3.6(median 3,standard deviation 2.1).Many of these diseases are correlated with the nitric oxide synthase genetic polymorphism and reduced nitric oxide synthesis[risk for coronary heart disease:odds ratio(95%confidence interval)=2.74(1.78-3.85)].HBO2T significantly increases the production of nitric oxide and free radicals which,in laboratory tests,inhibit the replication of the SARS-CoV.HBO2T upregulates hypoxia inducible factor,which promotes the expression of human antiviral peptides:defensins and cathelicidins,both effective to block the virus.Thus,HBO2T regulates the inflammatory response.We share our pilot study conclusions as a basis for clinical trials.展开更多
In recent years, food authentication, in terms of geographical and varietal/animal origins, is considered of primary importance at all levels of the production process. Therefore, it is clear that there is an economic...In recent years, food authentication, in terms of geographical and varietal/animal origins, is considered of primary importance at all levels of the production process. Therefore, it is clear that there is an economic basis to develop analytical methods able to certify the declared origin of food products, in order to protect consumers and honest producers from fraud and unfair competition, respectively;consequently, during recent years, several food authentication techniques have been proposed. This review attempted to present in a critical way the contribution of High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HR-NMR) and Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) techniques in the assessment of quality and authenticity, mainly in terms of characterization of geographical and varietal origin, of wheat and wheat products, focusing on the most important studies to this direction.展开更多
The assessment of the water losses by actual evapotranspiration plays a very important role in water resources management, especially in particular environments suffering soil water stresses and water shortages. The r...The assessment of the water losses by actual evapotranspiration plays a very important role in water resources management, especially in particular environments suffering soil water stresses and water shortages. The rationales of this study are the scarcity of experimental data, the difficulties in the measurement of direct and continuous evapotranspiration fluxes, and the switching between controls by climate and soil water availability. The temporal patterns of observed soil moisture and air temperature of over three years at an experimental site in southern Italy have been analysed to investigate the relation between them and the actual evapotranspiration volume, estimated using the soil water budget method. To this end, an event-based empirical analysis has been performed, exploring the relation between the mentioned variables. One of the major findings of the explorative phase is the qualitative and quantitative identification of the switching between climate and soil water balance as the controls over actual evapotranspiration at the experimental site. This threshold process has then been modelled at the event and sub-event scale, establishing simple empirical equations to predict actual evapotranspiration losses as a function of soil water content. Multilevel-recorded data also allowed the investigation of the importance of soil depth.展开更多
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction(CIPO) is a rare disease due to a severe gastrointestinal motility disorder which may mimic,on both clinical and radiological grounds,mechanical obstruction.We report a case of a 2...Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction(CIPO) is a rare disease due to a severe gastrointestinal motility disorder which may mimic,on both clinical and radiological grounds,mechanical obstruction.We report a case of a 26-year-old woman who presented to our institution for plain abdominal radiography for referred long-lasting constipation with recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and distension.At X-ray,performed both in the upright and supine position,an isolated air-fluid level was depicted in the left flank,together with a number of radiological signs suggestive of pneumoperitoneum.First,subphrenic radiolucency could be observed in the upright film.Second,the intestinal wall of some jejunal loops appeared to be outlined in the right flank.Third,the inferior cardiac border was clearly depicted in the upright film.The patient however had no evidence ofperitoneal signs but only hypoactive bowel movements.Unenhanced multi-detector computed tomography(MDCT) of the abdomen and pelvis was therefore performed.MDCT revealed abnormal air-driven distension of the small and large bowel,without evidence of extraluminal air.All radiological signs of pneumoperitoneum turned out to be false-positive results.The patient was submitted to pan-colonoscopy and to anorectal manometry to rule out Hirshprung's disease,and was finally discharged with a diagnosis of CIPO.展开更多
BACKGROUND The subsequent waves of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic have represented a dramatic health emergency characterized by significant consequences on mental health.Diachr...BACKGROUND The subsequent waves of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic have represented a dramatic health emergency characterized by significant consequences on mental health.Diachronic variations in the incidence rates of acute relapse of psychiatric disorders may represent significant"sentinel events"for assessing the mental health response to an unprecedented stressful event.AIM To investigate the variation in psychiatric hospitalization rates and differences in sociodemographic and clinical-psychopathological peculiarities at Bologna"Maggiore"General Hospital Psychiatric Ward(GHPW)between the first two waves SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the same periods of the previous 3 years.The secondary purpose of the study was to suggest a diachronic response pathway to stress by reporting additional literature data on coping strategies.METHODS This observational and retrospective study collected information on admission to the GHPW at the"Maggiore"Hospital in Bologna in the index periods defined as follows:the first period between February 24,2020 and April 30,2020(first epidemic wave)and the second period between October 8,2020,and January 7,2021(second pandemic wave).Absolute numbers and proportion of admitted patients,their sociodemographic and clinical-psychopathological characteristics were compared with the same parameters recorded in the two same periods of the previous 3 years.No strict inclusion or exclusion criteria were provided in the data collection to collect information on all patients requiring acute psychiatric hospitalization.RESULTS During the first wave,there was a significant reduction in hospitalization rates,although there was a simultaneous increase in compulsory hospitalizations and the acute relapse of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.During the second wave,hospitalization rates reached those recorded during the same period of the previous 3 years,mainly due to the rise of bipolar and related disorders,depressive disorders,anxiety disorders,tra展开更多
Transomental hernias are among the rarest type of all internal hernias which overall account for less than 6% of small bowel obstructions. Most transomental hernias occurring in adults are either iatrogenic or post-tr...Transomental hernias are among the rarest type of all internal hernias which overall account for less than 6% of small bowel obstructions. Most transomental hernias occurring in adults are either iatrogenic or post-traumatic. More rarely, a spontaneous herniation of small bowel loops may result from senile atrophy of the omentum. We report a case of an 86-year-old male who presented with signs and symptoms of small bowel obstruction but had no past surgical or traumatic abdominal history. At contrast-enhanced multi-detector row computed tomography(CT), a cluster of fluid-filled dilated small bowel loops could be appreciated in the left flank, with associated signs of bowel wall ischemia. Swirling of the mesenteric vessels could also be appreciated and CT findings were prospectively considered consistent with a strangulated small bowel volvulus. At laparotomy, no derotation had to be performed but up to 100 cm of gangrenous small bowel loops had to be resected because of a transomental hernia through a small defect in the left part of the greater omentum. Retrospective reading of CT images was performed and findings suggestive of transomental herniation could then be appreciated.展开更多
文摘Stochastic modelling of hydrological time series with insufficient length and data gaps is a serious challenge since these problems significantly affect the reliability of statistical models predicting and forecasting skills.In this paper,we proposed a method for searching the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average(SARIMA)model parameters to predict the behavior of groundwater time series affected by the issues mentioned.Based on the analysis of statistical indices,8 stations among 44 available within the Campania region(Italy)have been selected as the highest quality measurements.Different SARIMA models,with different autoregressive,moving average and differentiation orders had been used.By reviewing the criteria used to determine the consistency and goodness-of-fit of the model,it is revealed that the model with specific combination of parameters,SARIMA(0,1,3)(0,1,2)_(12),has a high R^(2) value,larger than 92%,for each of the 8 selected stations.The same model has also good performances for what concern the forecasting skills,with an average NSE of about 96%.Therefore,this study has the potential to provide a new horizon for the simulation and reconstruction of groundwater time series within the investigated area.
基金funding from the European Union Next Generation EU(PIANO NAZIONALE DI RIPRESA E RESILIENZA(PNRR)–MISSIONE 4 COMPONENTE 2,INVESTIMENTO 1.4–D.D.103217/06/2022,CN00000022)。
文摘A headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME/GC-MS)method was used to study the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)associated with the differential immune response of tomato plants infected with the recombinant strain of potato virus Y(PVY^(C)-to),necrogenic to tomato.Analysis was carried out in UC82(UC),a virus susceptible tomato variety,comparing the same UC plants grafted or not onto a virus tolerant tomato ecotype,Manduria(Ma);the three types of samples used for the GC-MS analysis were mock-inoculated UC/Ma plants,UC/Ma+PVY^(C)-to and UC+PVY^(C)-to plants;the VOCs obtained were 111.Results from symptomatic PVY^(C)-to-infected UC plants showed a VOCs composition enriched in alcohols,fatty acid derivates,benzenoids,and salicylic acid derivatives,while in mock-inoculated UC/Ma plants VOCs were mainly characterized by methyl ester compounds.The VOC profile was in line with RNAseq data analyses,denoting that PVY^(C)-to viral RNA accumulation and disease symptoms induce the specific transcriptional activation of genes involved in VOCs biosynthesis.Furthermore,principal component analysis highlighted that VOCs of PVY^(C)-to-infected and mock-inoculated grafted plants were much closer each other than that of symptomatic PVY^(C)-to-infected non-grafted UC plants.These results suggest that VOCs profiles of tomato plants are related to the viral RNA accumulation,disease intensity and graft-derived tolerance to PVY^(C)-to infection.
文摘Is hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBO2T)useful to counteract severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in positive asymptomatic patients?Asymptomatic persons seem to account for approximately 45%of SARS-CoV-2 infections,and they can transmit the virus to others for an extended period,perhaps longer than 14days.In patients dying from SARS-CoV-2 infection,the mean number of concomitant diseases was 3.6(median 3,standard deviation 2.1).Many of these diseases are correlated with the nitric oxide synthase genetic polymorphism and reduced nitric oxide synthesis[risk for coronary heart disease:odds ratio(95%confidence interval)=2.74(1.78-3.85)].HBO2T significantly increases the production of nitric oxide and free radicals which,in laboratory tests,inhibit the replication of the SARS-CoV.HBO2T upregulates hypoxia inducible factor,which promotes the expression of human antiviral peptides:defensins and cathelicidins,both effective to block the virus.Thus,HBO2T regulates the inflammatory response.We share our pilot study conclusions as a basis for clinical trials.
文摘In recent years, food authentication, in terms of geographical and varietal/animal origins, is considered of primary importance at all levels of the production process. Therefore, it is clear that there is an economic basis to develop analytical methods able to certify the declared origin of food products, in order to protect consumers and honest producers from fraud and unfair competition, respectively;consequently, during recent years, several food authentication techniques have been proposed. This review attempted to present in a critical way the contribution of High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HR-NMR) and Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) techniques in the assessment of quality and authenticity, mainly in terms of characterization of geographical and varietal origin, of wheat and wheat products, focusing on the most important studies to this direction.
基金provided through the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and Italian Ministry of University and Research under the grant ORSA128417
文摘The assessment of the water losses by actual evapotranspiration plays a very important role in water resources management, especially in particular environments suffering soil water stresses and water shortages. The rationales of this study are the scarcity of experimental data, the difficulties in the measurement of direct and continuous evapotranspiration fluxes, and the switching between controls by climate and soil water availability. The temporal patterns of observed soil moisture and air temperature of over three years at an experimental site in southern Italy have been analysed to investigate the relation between them and the actual evapotranspiration volume, estimated using the soil water budget method. To this end, an event-based empirical analysis has been performed, exploring the relation between the mentioned variables. One of the major findings of the explorative phase is the qualitative and quantitative identification of the switching between climate and soil water balance as the controls over actual evapotranspiration at the experimental site. This threshold process has then been modelled at the event and sub-event scale, establishing simple empirical equations to predict actual evapotranspiration losses as a function of soil water content. Multilevel-recorded data also allowed the investigation of the importance of soil depth.
文摘Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction(CIPO) is a rare disease due to a severe gastrointestinal motility disorder which may mimic,on both clinical and radiological grounds,mechanical obstruction.We report a case of a 26-year-old woman who presented to our institution for plain abdominal radiography for referred long-lasting constipation with recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and distension.At X-ray,performed both in the upright and supine position,an isolated air-fluid level was depicted in the left flank,together with a number of radiological signs suggestive of pneumoperitoneum.First,subphrenic radiolucency could be observed in the upright film.Second,the intestinal wall of some jejunal loops appeared to be outlined in the right flank.Third,the inferior cardiac border was clearly depicted in the upright film.The patient however had no evidence ofperitoneal signs but only hypoactive bowel movements.Unenhanced multi-detector computed tomography(MDCT) of the abdomen and pelvis was therefore performed.MDCT revealed abnormal air-driven distension of the small and large bowel,without evidence of extraluminal air.All radiological signs of pneumoperitoneum turned out to be false-positive results.The patient was submitted to pan-colonoscopy and to anorectal manometry to rule out Hirshprung's disease,and was finally discharged with a diagnosis of CIPO.
文摘BACKGROUND The subsequent waves of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic have represented a dramatic health emergency characterized by significant consequences on mental health.Diachronic variations in the incidence rates of acute relapse of psychiatric disorders may represent significant"sentinel events"for assessing the mental health response to an unprecedented stressful event.AIM To investigate the variation in psychiatric hospitalization rates and differences in sociodemographic and clinical-psychopathological peculiarities at Bologna"Maggiore"General Hospital Psychiatric Ward(GHPW)between the first two waves SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the same periods of the previous 3 years.The secondary purpose of the study was to suggest a diachronic response pathway to stress by reporting additional literature data on coping strategies.METHODS This observational and retrospective study collected information on admission to the GHPW at the"Maggiore"Hospital in Bologna in the index periods defined as follows:the first period between February 24,2020 and April 30,2020(first epidemic wave)and the second period between October 8,2020,and January 7,2021(second pandemic wave).Absolute numbers and proportion of admitted patients,their sociodemographic and clinical-psychopathological characteristics were compared with the same parameters recorded in the two same periods of the previous 3 years.No strict inclusion or exclusion criteria were provided in the data collection to collect information on all patients requiring acute psychiatric hospitalization.RESULTS During the first wave,there was a significant reduction in hospitalization rates,although there was a simultaneous increase in compulsory hospitalizations and the acute relapse of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.During the second wave,hospitalization rates reached those recorded during the same period of the previous 3 years,mainly due to the rise of bipolar and related disorders,depressive disorders,anxiety disorders,tra
文摘Transomental hernias are among the rarest type of all internal hernias which overall account for less than 6% of small bowel obstructions. Most transomental hernias occurring in adults are either iatrogenic or post-traumatic. More rarely, a spontaneous herniation of small bowel loops may result from senile atrophy of the omentum. We report a case of an 86-year-old male who presented with signs and symptoms of small bowel obstruction but had no past surgical or traumatic abdominal history. At contrast-enhanced multi-detector row computed tomography(CT), a cluster of fluid-filled dilated small bowel loops could be appreciated in the left flank, with associated signs of bowel wall ischemia. Swirling of the mesenteric vessels could also be appreciated and CT findings were prospectively considered consistent with a strangulated small bowel volvulus. At laparotomy, no derotation had to be performed but up to 100 cm of gangrenous small bowel loops had to be resected because of a transomental hernia through a small defect in the left part of the greater omentum. Retrospective reading of CT images was performed and findings suggestive of transomental herniation could then be appreciated.
