高通量测序技术大幅降低了获得基因组序列的成本,为大豆属植物资源多样性的精准鉴定提供了新的数据来源。我们利用来自大豆属7个近缘种的叶绿体全基因组的2363个核苷酸变异位点作为分子性状编制分子鉴定检索表,成功鉴定7个近缘种。这些...高通量测序技术大幅降低了获得基因组序列的成本,为大豆属植物资源多样性的精准鉴定提供了新的数据来源。我们利用来自大豆属7个近缘种的叶绿体全基因组的2363个核苷酸变异位点作为分子性状编制分子鉴定检索表,成功鉴定7个近缘种。这些特有变异位点的数量及核苷酸构成存在种间差异。大豆(Glycine max (L.) Merr.)、白毛烟豆(G. stenophita B.E.Pfeil & Tindale)、镰荚烟豆(G. falcata Benth.)、绢毛烟豆(G. canescens F. J. Herm.)以及扁豆荚大豆(G. dolichocarpa Tateishi & H. Ohashi)的特有变异位点中,A或T的比例(26.74%~42.62%)均高于C或G(9.84%~21.31%);短绒野大豆(G. tomentella Hayata)中,A、T或C的比例(26.36%~27.91%)均高于G的比例(19.38%);玫红野大豆(G. syndetika B. E. Pfeil & Craven)中,T或G的比例(30.00%)均高于A或C的比例(18.33%~21.67%)。结果显示叶绿体基因组的单核苷酸变异位点信息,可用于大豆属植物的分子鉴定。本研究对于大豆属植物种质资源的分类鉴定、保护和利用具有重要价值。展开更多
高通量测序技术可低成本获得叶绿体全基因组序列,为落叶松属植物的精确鉴定提供了可能。我们利用叶绿体全基因组中的527个单核苷酸多态位点,作为分子性状,首次精准鉴定落叶松属8个种/变种,研制了分子分类检索表。单核苷酸多态位点存在...高通量测序技术可低成本获得叶绿体全基因组序列,为落叶松属植物的精确鉴定提供了可能。我们利用叶绿体全基因组中的527个单核苷酸多态位点,作为分子性状,首次精准鉴定落叶松属8个种/变种,研制了分子分类检索表。单核苷酸多态位点存在种间差异。喜马拉雅红杉(Larix himalaica W. C. Cheng & L. K. Fu)、新疆落叶松(L. sibirica Ledeb.)和欧洲落叶松(L. deciduas Mill.)的物种特有单核苷酸多态位点数量均较多,遗传分化较大。落叶松(原变种) (L. gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen. var. gmelinii)、黄花落叶松(L. gmelinii var. olgensis (A. Henry) Ostenf. & Syrach)、千岛落叶松(L. gmelinii var. japonica (Maxim. ex Regel) Pilg.)以及凯杨德落叶松(L. cajanderi Mayr)之间遗传差异较小。结果显示叶绿体基因组的单核苷酸多态位点信息,可用于落叶松属植物不同基因型的分子鉴定。本研究对于落叶松属植物种质资源的分类鉴定、保护和利用具有重要价值。展开更多
The function of stomata in plants is controlling gas exchange and modulating water balance. The distribution pattern of stomata in most vascular plants follows a certain regulation with at least one normal epidermal c...The function of stomata in plants is controlling gas exchange and modulating water balance. The distribution pattern of stomata in most vascular plants follows a certain regulation with at least one normal epidermal cell between two stomata. However, some plants restricted in several genera of vascular plants have stomatal clusters in which more than one stoma is adjacently arranged with no epidermal cells among them. The developmental process of stomatal clusters in plants, especially in non-mutant (wild type) vascular plants, has rarely been documented, and very few studies concerning the distribution pattern of stomatal clusters on leaf epidermis have been carried out. We reported the developmental mechanism and distribution pattern of stomatal clusters in Begonia peltatifolia Li native to China. The results indicated that the clustered arrangement of meristemoids at the juvenile stage of the leaf development contributed greatly to the pattern of stomatal clusters. Additionally, satellite meristemoids derived from subsidiary cells around the mature stomata also had an impact on the development as well as the pattern of stomatal clusters. Regarding stomatal cluster and singly occurring stoma both as a stomatal unit, we found that the stomatal unit density (i.e., number of stomatal unit per area) increased gradually from the middle part to the edge and the apex of the leaf, while stomatal unit size (i.e., number of stomata per stomatal unit) decreased. The possible reason of this pattern was discussed.展开更多
精准鉴定遗传多样性是植物资源利用和深入开展科学研究的基础。本文利用葛属3个种的叶绿体基因组序列中的物种特有的624个核苷酸变异位点作为分子性状,首次编制了分子鉴定检索表,供试样品得到成功鉴定。物种特有变异位点的数量和核苷酸...精准鉴定遗传多样性是植物资源利用和深入开展科学研究的基础。本文利用葛属3个种的叶绿体基因组序列中的物种特有的624个核苷酸变异位点作为分子性状,首次编制了分子鉴定检索表,供试样品得到成功鉴定。物种特有变异位点的数量和核苷酸构成存在种间差异。食用葛的特有变异位点的数量(576)最多,粉葛(38)和葛藤(10)的特有变异位点的数量明显较少。食用葛的特有变异位点中,4类核苷酸的比例由大到小依次为:T (26.91%)、A (26.04%)、C (24.13%)和G (22.92%),差异不大。粉葛的特有变异位点中,T (39.47%)的比例最高,随后依次为C (26.32%)、A (18.42%)和G (15.79%),T的比例是G的比例的约2.5倍。葛藤的特有变异位点数量相对稀少,其中,T的比例(50.00%)最高,是A或G的比例(20.00%)的2.5倍,是C的比例(10.00%)的5倍。结果显示,叶绿体基因组的单核苷酸变异位点信息可用于葛属植物资源遗传多样性的分子鉴定。本文调查了中国过去120多年来葛属植物标本的收集现状,讨论了存在的问题与对策。本研究对于葛属植物的分类修订、种质资源的保护和利用具有重要价值。Accurate identification of genetic diversity is the basis for utilization of plant resources and further scientific research. In this paper, 624 taxon-specific variable nucleotide sites in the complete chloroplast genome of 3 species from the genus Pueraria DC. were used as molecular traits to identify successfully the genetic resources of this plant genus and compile a molecular classification key for the first time. There are differences in aspects of amount and base composition of taxon-specific variable nucleotide sites among the species. The amount of taxon-specific variable nucleotide sites in Pueraria edulis Pamp. (576) is the highest, those in Pueraria montana var. thomsonii (Benth.) M.R. Almeida (38) and Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. (10) are significantly fewer. The proportion of T (26.91%), A (2展开更多
文摘高通量测序技术大幅降低了获得基因组序列的成本,为大豆属植物资源多样性的精准鉴定提供了新的数据来源。我们利用来自大豆属7个近缘种的叶绿体全基因组的2363个核苷酸变异位点作为分子性状编制分子鉴定检索表,成功鉴定7个近缘种。这些特有变异位点的数量及核苷酸构成存在种间差异。大豆(Glycine max (L.) Merr.)、白毛烟豆(G. stenophita B.E.Pfeil & Tindale)、镰荚烟豆(G. falcata Benth.)、绢毛烟豆(G. canescens F. J. Herm.)以及扁豆荚大豆(G. dolichocarpa Tateishi & H. Ohashi)的特有变异位点中,A或T的比例(26.74%~42.62%)均高于C或G(9.84%~21.31%);短绒野大豆(G. tomentella Hayata)中,A、T或C的比例(26.36%~27.91%)均高于G的比例(19.38%);玫红野大豆(G. syndetika B. E. Pfeil & Craven)中,T或G的比例(30.00%)均高于A或C的比例(18.33%~21.67%)。结果显示叶绿体基因组的单核苷酸变异位点信息,可用于大豆属植物的分子鉴定。本研究对于大豆属植物种质资源的分类鉴定、保护和利用具有重要价值。
文摘高通量测序技术可低成本获得叶绿体全基因组序列,为落叶松属植物的精确鉴定提供了可能。我们利用叶绿体全基因组中的527个单核苷酸多态位点,作为分子性状,首次精准鉴定落叶松属8个种/变种,研制了分子分类检索表。单核苷酸多态位点存在种间差异。喜马拉雅红杉(Larix himalaica W. C. Cheng & L. K. Fu)、新疆落叶松(L. sibirica Ledeb.)和欧洲落叶松(L. deciduas Mill.)的物种特有单核苷酸多态位点数量均较多,遗传分化较大。落叶松(原变种) (L. gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen. var. gmelinii)、黄花落叶松(L. gmelinii var. olgensis (A. Henry) Ostenf. & Syrach)、千岛落叶松(L. gmelinii var. japonica (Maxim. ex Regel) Pilg.)以及凯杨德落叶松(L. cajanderi Mayr)之间遗传差异较小。结果显示叶绿体基因组的单核苷酸多态位点信息,可用于落叶松属植物不同基因型的分子鉴定。本研究对于落叶松属植物种质资源的分类鉴定、保护和利用具有重要价值。
文摘The function of stomata in plants is controlling gas exchange and modulating water balance. The distribution pattern of stomata in most vascular plants follows a certain regulation with at least one normal epidermal cell between two stomata. However, some plants restricted in several genera of vascular plants have stomatal clusters in which more than one stoma is adjacently arranged with no epidermal cells among them. The developmental process of stomatal clusters in plants, especially in non-mutant (wild type) vascular plants, has rarely been documented, and very few studies concerning the distribution pattern of stomatal clusters on leaf epidermis have been carried out. We reported the developmental mechanism and distribution pattern of stomatal clusters in Begonia peltatifolia Li native to China. The results indicated that the clustered arrangement of meristemoids at the juvenile stage of the leaf development contributed greatly to the pattern of stomatal clusters. Additionally, satellite meristemoids derived from subsidiary cells around the mature stomata also had an impact on the development as well as the pattern of stomatal clusters. Regarding stomatal cluster and singly occurring stoma both as a stomatal unit, we found that the stomatal unit density (i.e., number of stomatal unit per area) increased gradually from the middle part to the edge and the apex of the leaf, while stomatal unit size (i.e., number of stomata per stomatal unit) decreased. The possible reason of this pattern was discussed.
文摘精准鉴定遗传多样性是植物资源利用和深入开展科学研究的基础。本文利用葛属3个种的叶绿体基因组序列中的物种特有的624个核苷酸变异位点作为分子性状,首次编制了分子鉴定检索表,供试样品得到成功鉴定。物种特有变异位点的数量和核苷酸构成存在种间差异。食用葛的特有变异位点的数量(576)最多,粉葛(38)和葛藤(10)的特有变异位点的数量明显较少。食用葛的特有变异位点中,4类核苷酸的比例由大到小依次为:T (26.91%)、A (26.04%)、C (24.13%)和G (22.92%),差异不大。粉葛的特有变异位点中,T (39.47%)的比例最高,随后依次为C (26.32%)、A (18.42%)和G (15.79%),T的比例是G的比例的约2.5倍。葛藤的特有变异位点数量相对稀少,其中,T的比例(50.00%)最高,是A或G的比例(20.00%)的2.5倍,是C的比例(10.00%)的5倍。结果显示,叶绿体基因组的单核苷酸变异位点信息可用于葛属植物资源遗传多样性的分子鉴定。本文调查了中国过去120多年来葛属植物标本的收集现状,讨论了存在的问题与对策。本研究对于葛属植物的分类修订、种质资源的保护和利用具有重要价值。Accurate identification of genetic diversity is the basis for utilization of plant resources and further scientific research. In this paper, 624 taxon-specific variable nucleotide sites in the complete chloroplast genome of 3 species from the genus Pueraria DC. were used as molecular traits to identify successfully the genetic resources of this plant genus and compile a molecular classification key for the first time. There are differences in aspects of amount and base composition of taxon-specific variable nucleotide sites among the species. The amount of taxon-specific variable nucleotide sites in Pueraria edulis Pamp. (576) is the highest, those in Pueraria montana var. thomsonii (Benth.) M.R. Almeida (38) and Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. (10) are significantly fewer. The proportion of T (26.91%), A (2
