Objective To develop a nationally acceptable blood pressure(BP)reference standards for the diagnosis and evaluation of hypertension in children and adolescents in China.Methods The current study was based on the data ...Objective To develop a nationally acceptable blood pressure(BP)reference standards for the diagnosis and evaluation of hypertension in children and adolescents in China.Methods The current study was based on the data from eleven large-scale cross-sectional BP surveys in China's Mainland since 2001,the survey sites were representative of national geographical distribution including four municipalities(Beijing,Shanghai,Tianjin,Chongqing)and seven provinces(Hunan,Liaoning,Hebei,Zhejiang,Guangxi,Xinqiang and Guangdong).The surveys which met the following selection criteria were involved to form the reference population sample and pooled database:1)Subjects were Han nationality and their ages were from 3 to 18 years old;2)BP levels were measured by auscultation using standard sphygmomanometer and recorded as Korotkoff phase 1(SBP),Korotkoff phase 4(DBP-K4)and/or Korotkoff phase 5(DBP-K5);3)All surveyors were trained before investigations and standard quality control was implemented throughout the BP measuring process;4)Basic variables,except BPs,were at least included but not limited to age,sex,nationality,height and weight.Totally 112 227 subjects(56 912 males accounting for 50.7%)were enrolled in the reference population sample in this study.SPSS 13.0 software was used to do the descriptive statistical analysis.Centile curves for SBP,DBP-K4 and DBP-K5 were drawn by sex using LMS method.Z scores of Height and BMI were calculated based on the data from the Chinese National Survey on Constitution and Health(CNSCH)in schoolchildren in 2005 to evaluate the nutrition status and development level of the reference population.Results The reference population had an optimal representation of Chinese Han children and adolescents.The resulting curves provided specific cut off points based on age and sex for the diagnosis of high normal BP,hypertension and severe hypertension,respectively.Given the best approach for blood pressure measurement in children and adolescents remained controversial,especially on the choice of K4 or K5展开更多
目的:探讨初产妇孕期体质指数(BMI)变化及孕中期母体血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)、游离雌三醇(u E3)水平对妊娠结局的影响。方法:收集513例产前检查并顺利分娩的初产孕妇及新生儿资料,记录孕妇孕期BMI值、孕期检...目的:探讨初产妇孕期体质指数(BMI)变化及孕中期母体血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)、游离雌三醇(u E3)水平对妊娠结局的影响。方法:收集513例产前检查并顺利分娩的初产孕妇及新生儿资料,记录孕妇孕期BMI值、孕期检查情况及并发症、分娩方式以及妊娠结局,记录新生儿出生体重,检测孕妇(孕14~20周)空腹静脉血清AFP、uE3、β-HCG水平,观察初产妇孕期BMI及血清娠AFP、u E3、β-HCG水平与不良妊娠结局的相关性。结果:孕期BMI增长过多与剖宫产、妊娠期高血压、巨大儿、新生儿窒息、妊娠期糖尿病均呈正相关(χ~2=17.170、17.110、17.318、12.870、10.835,P<0.05),血清AFP>2.0 Mo M与胎盘早剥、胎膜早破、胎儿窘迫、妊娠期高血压均呈正相关(r=0.458、0.362、0.735、0.466,P<0.05),β-HCG>2.0 Mo M与胎盘早剥、胎膜早破、妊娠期高血压、胎儿窘迫、妊娠期糖尿病均呈正相关(r=0.202、0.218、0.368、1.000、0.488,P<0.05),u E3<0.7 Mo M与妊娠期高血压、胎儿窘迫、胎膜早破、胎盘早剥均呈正相关(r=0.490、0.712、0.754、0.684,P<0.05)。结论:初产妇孕期BMI值增加过多,以及孕中期AFP、β-HCG水平过高和u E3水平过低会增加不良妊娠结局风险。展开更多
文摘Objective To develop a nationally acceptable blood pressure(BP)reference standards for the diagnosis and evaluation of hypertension in children and adolescents in China.Methods The current study was based on the data from eleven large-scale cross-sectional BP surveys in China's Mainland since 2001,the survey sites were representative of national geographical distribution including four municipalities(Beijing,Shanghai,Tianjin,Chongqing)and seven provinces(Hunan,Liaoning,Hebei,Zhejiang,Guangxi,Xinqiang and Guangdong).The surveys which met the following selection criteria were involved to form the reference population sample and pooled database:1)Subjects were Han nationality and their ages were from 3 to 18 years old;2)BP levels were measured by auscultation using standard sphygmomanometer and recorded as Korotkoff phase 1(SBP),Korotkoff phase 4(DBP-K4)and/or Korotkoff phase 5(DBP-K5);3)All surveyors were trained before investigations and standard quality control was implemented throughout the BP measuring process;4)Basic variables,except BPs,were at least included but not limited to age,sex,nationality,height and weight.Totally 112 227 subjects(56 912 males accounting for 50.7%)were enrolled in the reference population sample in this study.SPSS 13.0 software was used to do the descriptive statistical analysis.Centile curves for SBP,DBP-K4 and DBP-K5 were drawn by sex using LMS method.Z scores of Height and BMI were calculated based on the data from the Chinese National Survey on Constitution and Health(CNSCH)in schoolchildren in 2005 to evaluate the nutrition status and development level of the reference population.Results The reference population had an optimal representation of Chinese Han children and adolescents.The resulting curves provided specific cut off points based on age and sex for the diagnosis of high normal BP,hypertension and severe hypertension,respectively.Given the best approach for blood pressure measurement in children and adolescents remained controversial,especially on the choice of K4 or K5
文摘目的:探讨初产妇孕期体质指数(BMI)变化及孕中期母体血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)、游离雌三醇(u E3)水平对妊娠结局的影响。方法:收集513例产前检查并顺利分娩的初产孕妇及新生儿资料,记录孕妇孕期BMI值、孕期检查情况及并发症、分娩方式以及妊娠结局,记录新生儿出生体重,检测孕妇(孕14~20周)空腹静脉血清AFP、uE3、β-HCG水平,观察初产妇孕期BMI及血清娠AFP、u E3、β-HCG水平与不良妊娠结局的相关性。结果:孕期BMI增长过多与剖宫产、妊娠期高血压、巨大儿、新生儿窒息、妊娠期糖尿病均呈正相关(χ~2=17.170、17.110、17.318、12.870、10.835,P<0.05),血清AFP>2.0 Mo M与胎盘早剥、胎膜早破、胎儿窘迫、妊娠期高血压均呈正相关(r=0.458、0.362、0.735、0.466,P<0.05),β-HCG>2.0 Mo M与胎盘早剥、胎膜早破、妊娠期高血压、胎儿窘迫、妊娠期糖尿病均呈正相关(r=0.202、0.218、0.368、1.000、0.488,P<0.05),u E3<0.7 Mo M与妊娠期高血压、胎儿窘迫、胎膜早破、胎盘早剥均呈正相关(r=0.490、0.712、0.754、0.684,P<0.05)。结论:初产妇孕期BMI值增加过多,以及孕中期AFP、β-HCG水平过高和u E3水平过低会增加不良妊娠结局风险。
