本文研究了小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）和大豆（Glycine max L.）的不同光合器官中的PEP羧化酶及其相关的酶类。在这些器官中均含有PEP羧化酶,其中以大豆的荚壳和种皮及小麦的内稃中PEP羧化酶活性最高。不同绿色器官在光下或暗中均能...本文研究了小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）和大豆（Glycine max L.）的不同光合器官中的PEP羧化酶及其相关的酶类。在这些器官中均含有PEP羧化酶,其中以大豆的荚壳和种皮及小麦的内稃中PEP羧化酶活性最高。不同绿色器官在光下或暗中均能固定CO2,但是在黑暗条件下,小麦的内稃和大豆的荚壳及种皮所固定的CO2远高于叶片。此外,参与暗固定的NAD-苹果酸酶和NAD-苹果酸脱氢酶的活性,在这些器官中也最高,说明这些器官中PEP羧化酶的CO2 β-羧化作用主要在于固定呼吸作用所释放的CO2,只有少量的CO2是通过C4光合途径被固定。展开更多
Characteristics of photosynthetic gas exchange, photoinhibition and C4 pathway enzyme activities in both flag leaves and lemma were compared between a superhigh-yield rice (Oryza sativa L.) hybrid, Liangyoupeijiu and ...Characteristics of photosynthetic gas exchange, photoinhibition and C4 pathway enzyme activities in both flag leaves and lemma were compared between a superhigh-yield rice (Oryza sativa L.) hybrid, Liangyoupeijiu and a traditional rice hybrid, Shanyou63. Liangyoupeijiu had a similar light saturated assimilation rate (Asat) to Shanyou63, but a much higher apparent quantum yield (AQY), carboxylation efficiency (CE) and quantum yield of CO2 fixation (φCO2). Liangyoupeijiu also showed a higher resistance to photoinhibition and higher non-radiative energy dissipation associated with the xanthophyll cycle than Shanyou63 when subjected to strong light. In addition, Liangyoupeijiu had higher activities of the C4 pathway enzymes in both flag leaves and lemmas than Shanyou63. These results indicate that higher light and CO2 use efficiency, higher resistance to photoinhibition and C4 pathway in both flag leaf and lemma may contribute to the higher yield of the superhigh-yield rice hybrid, Liangyoupeijiu.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan (G1998010100),the Program of 100 Distinguished Young Scientists of Chinese Academy of Sciences to Lu Congming, as well as the Innovative Foundation of Laboratory of Photosynt
文摘Characteristics of photosynthetic gas exchange, photoinhibition and C4 pathway enzyme activities in both flag leaves and lemma were compared between a superhigh-yield rice (Oryza sativa L.) hybrid, Liangyoupeijiu and a traditional rice hybrid, Shanyou63. Liangyoupeijiu had a similar light saturated assimilation rate (Asat) to Shanyou63, but a much higher apparent quantum yield (AQY), carboxylation efficiency (CE) and quantum yield of CO2 fixation (φCO2). Liangyoupeijiu also showed a higher resistance to photoinhibition and higher non-radiative energy dissipation associated with the xanthophyll cycle than Shanyou63 when subjected to strong light. In addition, Liangyoupeijiu had higher activities of the C4 pathway enzymes in both flag leaves and lemmas than Shanyou63. These results indicate that higher light and CO2 use efficiency, higher resistance to photoinhibition and C4 pathway in both flag leaf and lemma may contribute to the higher yield of the superhigh-yield rice hybrid, Liangyoupeijiu.
