目的研制开发成年病人的万古霉素治疗药物监测软件,帮助临床进行万古霉素个体化用药。方法系统地检索PubMed数据库中发表于2012年9月前的文献,提取成年病人万古霉素群体药动学模型并结合笔者建立的模型构建万古霉素治疗药物监测模型集...目的研制开发成年病人的万古霉素治疗药物监测软件,帮助临床进行万古霉素个体化用药。方法系统地检索PubMed数据库中发表于2012年9月前的文献,提取成年病人万古霉素群体药动学模型并结合笔者建立的模型构建万古霉素治疗药物监测模型集。根据建立的群体药动学模型和Bayesian原理,在Microsoft Visual Studio 2005集成开发环境中采用C++语言研发治疗药物监测软件。结果构建的治疗药物监测模型集包含14个群体药动学模型。基于模型开发的软件可根据病人信息的多寡分别进行群体、亚群体和个体预测,为临床万古霉素个体化给药提供帮助。结论本实验研发的软件涵盖了当前报道的万古霉素药动学模型,医生可以根据病人的实际情况选择适当的模型,具有较广的适用性。展开更多
随着药品研发及临床试验成本的不断增加,如何充分利用各类数据指引临床试验高效地开展,以提高新药的研发效率,并制定科学合理的用药方案,具有重要意义。基于模型的荟萃分析(model based meta-analysis,MBMA)是将数学建模与荟萃分析(meta...随着药品研发及临床试验成本的不断增加,如何充分利用各类数据指引临床试验高效地开展,以提高新药的研发效率,并制定科学合理的用药方案,具有重要意义。基于模型的荟萃分析(model based meta-analysis,MBMA)是将数学建模与荟萃分析(meta-analysis)相结合,对多种来源(如临床前和临床各阶段研究数据等)和多个维度(靶标/机制、药代/药效动力学、疾病/适应症、人群特征、给药方案、生物标志物/药效指标/安全性指标等)的信息进行整合,不仅为药物研发各个关键环节的决策制定提供重要依据,也可为临床合理用药以及药物经济学中的成本-效益分析提供有效信息。传统的Meta分析对数据的同质性要求较高,而MBMA通过建模可将不同剂量、不同疗程和不同人群的异质性数据合并分析,从而对药物的剂量效应、时间效应和影响因素进行量化,预测以往研究中不曾涉及的剂量、时间和协变量水平下的药效或安全特征。尽管MBMA的建模和模拟技术与群体药动学/药效学(population pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics,Pop PK/PD)相似,但相比Pop PK/PD,MBMA最大的优势是可对文献数据进行充分利用,不仅提高了结论的证据强度,更可回答单个研究不能回答的问题。目前MBMA已成为模型引导的药物研发(model-informed drug development,MIDD)策略中的重要方法之一。本文将就MBMA的应用价值、分析计划、数据采集与处理、分析方法以及报告要点进行说明,旨在为MBMA在新药研发和临床实践中的应用提供参考。展开更多
构建中国肾移植患者他克莫司治疗药物监测网络平台,方便医生管理患者信息,并且为患者提供群体、亚群体和个体3个不同层次的治疗药物监测。通过使用数据库管理系统MySQL软件建立和管理医生信息数据库以及患者信息数据库,使用超文本标记语...构建中国肾移植患者他克莫司治疗药物监测网络平台,方便医生管理患者信息,并且为患者提供群体、亚群体和个体3个不同层次的治疗药物监测。通过使用数据库管理系统MySQL软件建立和管理医生信息数据库以及患者信息数据库,使用超文本标记语言(hypertext mark-up language,HTML)和Java语言的JSP(Java server pages)技术研制患者信息数据库的网络管理平台,为医生提供数据库管理功能;在已建立好的群体药物动力学模型的基础上,运用以上编程语言研制群体和亚群体预测功能模块;根据贝叶斯原理和最大后验概率密度函数,建立目标函数,选择最优化算法,研制个体预测功能模块。网络平台能够为医生提供管理患者数据库功能和3个水平的预测功能,为肾移植患者服用他克莫司个体化给药提供指导,并为其他药物的治疗药物监测网络平台的研制提供模板。展开更多
目的评价限制性脾曲游离(LSFM)技术在腹腔镜直肠癌低位前切除术中的应用效果和安全性。方法回顾性总结分析2018年6月至2019年3月间广东省中医院收治的75例直肠癌患者临床病理资料,按照脾曲游离方法分为LSFM组(35例)和完全性脾曲游离(CS...目的评价限制性脾曲游离(LSFM)技术在腹腔镜直肠癌低位前切除术中的应用效果和安全性。方法回顾性总结分析2018年6月至2019年3月间广东省中医院收治的75例直肠癌患者临床病理资料,按照脾曲游离方法分为LSFM组(35例)和完全性脾曲游离(CSFM)组(40例)。结果 两组患者均能完成腹腔镜下的直肠-结肠的无张力吻合,未发生术中毗邻脏器的医源性损伤,手术标本质量分级(Nagtegaal分级)均为3级。两组患者的手术时间无显著性差异(176.8±55.7 vs 205.5±72.4 min,P>0.05),但LSFM组的脾曲游离时间明显短于CSFM组(4.5±3.1 vs 25.4±9.3 min,P<0.01)。术中出血量、预防性造口比例、淋巴结清扫数目、术后首次肛门排气时间、术后住院时间、盆腔引流管引流量、引流管留置时间和术后并发症发生率两组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组均无术后30 d内再住院、再手术和死亡病例。结论在腹腔镜直肠癌低位前切除术中行LSFM是安全可行的,与CSFM相比可以明显缩短手术时间,降低手术难度,并能取得同样满意的游离效果。展开更多
基于嵌入式技术,利用ESRI公司的ArcGIS Mobile SDK设计了运行于智能手机的移动地理信息系统软件,用于区域地质测量的野外数据采集工作。并设计了地质测量数字化的工作方法,结合ArcGIS Server技术建立WMS服务与移动GIS系统进行数据交互,...基于嵌入式技术,利用ESRI公司的ArcGIS Mobile SDK设计了运行于智能手机的移动地理信息系统软件,用于区域地质测量的野外数据采集工作。并设计了地质测量数字化的工作方法,结合ArcGIS Server技术建立WMS服务与移动GIS系统进行数据交互,实现地质测量野外采集数据在WMS服务器中自动更新,实现地质测量工作的全程数字化。展开更多
An efficient and sensitive ion-pair HPLC-UV method using atenolol as internal standard (IS) was developed and validated for the determination of metformin in the plasma of diabetic rats. Plasma samples were deprotei...An efficient and sensitive ion-pair HPLC-UV method using atenolol as internal standard (IS) was developed and validated for the determination of metformin in the plasma of diabetic rats. Plasma samples were deproteinated with 10% (v/v) perchloric acid. Separation was achieved on a UltimateTM AQ-C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase (pH 5.05) composed of acetonitrile-water (31:69, v/v, containing 0.002 M sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.0125 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.015 M triethylamine) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The calibration curve was linear (r〉0.994) between 7.5 and 4000 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 7.5 ng/mL. The precision was validated and the relative standard deviation was in the range of 1.87% to 15.70%; the accuracy was between 93.98%-106.89%. The mean recoveries were 95.40% and 95.31% for metformin and IS, respectively. The relative error (RE) of stability at different storage conditions was within ±9.00%. This method was used to determine the concentration-time profile of metformin in diabetic rat plasma following an oral administration of metformin at the dose of 10 mg/kg. Our results indicated that ion-pair HPLC-UV method using UltimateTM AQ-C18 column was effective for the pharmacokinetic studies of high polarity compounds like metformin.展开更多
A new HPLC-UV method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor erlotinib in the plasma of tumor bearing BALB/c nude mice.Erlotinib and its internal st...A new HPLC-UV method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor erlotinib in the plasma of tumor bearing BALB/c nude mice.Erlotinib and its internal standard l-(3-((6,7-bis(2- methoxyethoxy)quinazolin-4-yl)amino)phenyl)ethanone were extracted from mice plasma samples using liquid-liquid extraction with a mixed solvent of methyl t-butyl ether and ethyl acetate(9:1,v/v).Chromatographic separation was performed on a Luna C|_(18)column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)with acetonitrile:5 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH=5.2(41:59,v/v)as the mobile phase.UV detector was set at the wavelength of 345 nm,and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.The calibration curve was linear over the range of 20-10 000 ng/mL with acceptable intra-and inter-day precision and accuracy.The intra-day and inter-day precisions were within the range of 1.69%—5.66%,and the accuracies of intra-and inter-day assays were within the range of 105%—113%. The mean recoveries were 85.2%and 96.1%for erlotinib and IS,respectively.This method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in tumor bearing BALB/c nude mice following single oral administration at the dose of 12.5 mg/kg. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:C_(max)was 4.67μg/mL,T_(max)was 1.0 h,T_(1/2)was 2.78 h,and AUC_(0-24h)was 18.0μg/mL·h.展开更多
文摘目的研制开发成年病人的万古霉素治疗药物监测软件,帮助临床进行万古霉素个体化用药。方法系统地检索PubMed数据库中发表于2012年9月前的文献,提取成年病人万古霉素群体药动学模型并结合笔者建立的模型构建万古霉素治疗药物监测模型集。根据建立的群体药动学模型和Bayesian原理,在Microsoft Visual Studio 2005集成开发环境中采用C++语言研发治疗药物监测软件。结果构建的治疗药物监测模型集包含14个群体药动学模型。基于模型开发的软件可根据病人信息的多寡分别进行群体、亚群体和个体预测,为临床万古霉素个体化给药提供帮助。结论本实验研发的软件涵盖了当前报道的万古霉素药动学模型,医生可以根据病人的实际情况选择适当的模型,具有较广的适用性。
文摘随着药品研发及临床试验成本的不断增加,如何充分利用各类数据指引临床试验高效地开展,以提高新药的研发效率,并制定科学合理的用药方案,具有重要意义。基于模型的荟萃分析(model based meta-analysis,MBMA)是将数学建模与荟萃分析(meta-analysis)相结合,对多种来源(如临床前和临床各阶段研究数据等)和多个维度(靶标/机制、药代/药效动力学、疾病/适应症、人群特征、给药方案、生物标志物/药效指标/安全性指标等)的信息进行整合,不仅为药物研发各个关键环节的决策制定提供重要依据,也可为临床合理用药以及药物经济学中的成本-效益分析提供有效信息。传统的Meta分析对数据的同质性要求较高,而MBMA通过建模可将不同剂量、不同疗程和不同人群的异质性数据合并分析,从而对药物的剂量效应、时间效应和影响因素进行量化,预测以往研究中不曾涉及的剂量、时间和协变量水平下的药效或安全特征。尽管MBMA的建模和模拟技术与群体药动学/药效学(population pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics,Pop PK/PD)相似,但相比Pop PK/PD,MBMA最大的优势是可对文献数据进行充分利用,不仅提高了结论的证据强度,更可回答单个研究不能回答的问题。目前MBMA已成为模型引导的药物研发(model-informed drug development,MIDD)策略中的重要方法之一。本文将就MBMA的应用价值、分析计划、数据采集与处理、分析方法以及报告要点进行说明,旨在为MBMA在新药研发和临床实践中的应用提供参考。
文摘构建中国肾移植患者他克莫司治疗药物监测网络平台,方便医生管理患者信息,并且为患者提供群体、亚群体和个体3个不同层次的治疗药物监测。通过使用数据库管理系统MySQL软件建立和管理医生信息数据库以及患者信息数据库,使用超文本标记语言(hypertext mark-up language,HTML)和Java语言的JSP(Java server pages)技术研制患者信息数据库的网络管理平台,为医生提供数据库管理功能;在已建立好的群体药物动力学模型的基础上,运用以上编程语言研制群体和亚群体预测功能模块;根据贝叶斯原理和最大后验概率密度函数,建立目标函数,选择最优化算法,研制个体预测功能模块。网络平台能够为医生提供管理患者数据库功能和3个水平的预测功能,为肾移植患者服用他克莫司个体化给药提供指导,并为其他药物的治疗药物监测网络平台的研制提供模板。
文摘目的评价限制性脾曲游离(LSFM)技术在腹腔镜直肠癌低位前切除术中的应用效果和安全性。方法回顾性总结分析2018年6月至2019年3月间广东省中医院收治的75例直肠癌患者临床病理资料,按照脾曲游离方法分为LSFM组(35例)和完全性脾曲游离(CSFM)组(40例)。结果 两组患者均能完成腹腔镜下的直肠-结肠的无张力吻合,未发生术中毗邻脏器的医源性损伤,手术标本质量分级(Nagtegaal分级)均为3级。两组患者的手术时间无显著性差异(176.8±55.7 vs 205.5±72.4 min,P>0.05),但LSFM组的脾曲游离时间明显短于CSFM组(4.5±3.1 vs 25.4±9.3 min,P<0.01)。术中出血量、预防性造口比例、淋巴结清扫数目、术后首次肛门排气时间、术后住院时间、盆腔引流管引流量、引流管留置时间和术后并发症发生率两组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组均无术后30 d内再住院、再手术和死亡病例。结论在腹腔镜直肠癌低位前切除术中行LSFM是安全可行的,与CSFM相比可以明显缩短手术时间,降低手术难度,并能取得同样满意的游离效果。
文摘基于嵌入式技术,利用ESRI公司的ArcGIS Mobile SDK设计了运行于智能手机的移动地理信息系统软件,用于区域地质测量的野外数据采集工作。并设计了地质测量数字化的工作方法,结合ArcGIS Server技术建立WMS服务与移动GIS系统进行数据交互,实现地质测量野外采集数据在WMS服务器中自动更新,实现地质测量工作的全程数字化。
基金National Integrity Innovational Technology Platform of New Drug and Research and Development (Grant No.2009ZX09201-010)Innovation Team of Ministry of Education(Grant No. BMU20110263)
文摘An efficient and sensitive ion-pair HPLC-UV method using atenolol as internal standard (IS) was developed and validated for the determination of metformin in the plasma of diabetic rats. Plasma samples were deproteinated with 10% (v/v) perchloric acid. Separation was achieved on a UltimateTM AQ-C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase (pH 5.05) composed of acetonitrile-water (31:69, v/v, containing 0.002 M sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.0125 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.015 M triethylamine) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The calibration curve was linear (r〉0.994) between 7.5 and 4000 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 7.5 ng/mL. The precision was validated and the relative standard deviation was in the range of 1.87% to 15.70%; the accuracy was between 93.98%-106.89%. The mean recoveries were 95.40% and 95.31% for metformin and IS, respectively. The relative error (RE) of stability at different storage conditions was within ±9.00%. This method was used to determine the concentration-time profile of metformin in diabetic rat plasma following an oral administration of metformin at the dose of 10 mg/kg. Our results indicated that ion-pair HPLC-UV method using UltimateTM AQ-C18 column was effective for the pharmacokinetic studies of high polarity compounds like metformin.
基金National Integrity Innovational Technology Platform of New Drug and Development(Grant No.2009ZX09301- 010).
文摘A new HPLC-UV method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor erlotinib in the plasma of tumor bearing BALB/c nude mice.Erlotinib and its internal standard l-(3-((6,7-bis(2- methoxyethoxy)quinazolin-4-yl)amino)phenyl)ethanone were extracted from mice plasma samples using liquid-liquid extraction with a mixed solvent of methyl t-butyl ether and ethyl acetate(9:1,v/v).Chromatographic separation was performed on a Luna C|_(18)column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)with acetonitrile:5 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH=5.2(41:59,v/v)as the mobile phase.UV detector was set at the wavelength of 345 nm,and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.The calibration curve was linear over the range of 20-10 000 ng/mL with acceptable intra-and inter-day precision and accuracy.The intra-day and inter-day precisions were within the range of 1.69%—5.66%,and the accuracies of intra-and inter-day assays were within the range of 105%—113%. The mean recoveries were 85.2%and 96.1%for erlotinib and IS,respectively.This method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in tumor bearing BALB/c nude mice following single oral administration at the dose of 12.5 mg/kg. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:C_(max)was 4.67μg/mL,T_(max)was 1.0 h,T_(1/2)was 2.78 h,and AUC_(0-24h)was 18.0μg/mL·h.