Objective:This study aimed to develop a core outcome set(COS)for use in future studies of stable angina pectoris(SAP)in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Systematic literature reviews and qualitative interview...Objective:This study aimed to develop a core outcome set(COS)for use in future studies of stable angina pectoris(SAP)in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Systematic literature reviews and qualitative interviews with cardiologists and patients with SAP treated using TCM were conducted to generate a set of outcomes.Outcomes were prioritized by stakeholders via two rounds of an online Delphi survey and face-to-face consensus meetings.Following the final consensus meeting,a final COS was generated.Results:An initial set of 324 outcomes was identified.A preliminary list of 65 outcomes was employed in the Delphi study.In total,223 participants from seven stakeholder groups were invited to score outcomes in the first Delphi round:87 completed round 1 and 47 completed round 2.Thirty-one participants attended the consensus meeting and agreed on a final core set of outcomes comprising six items across four domains:frequency of angina attack,duration of angina attack,Seattle angina questionnaire,total exercise duration in the exercise treadmill test,cardiovascular events,and QT interval on electrocardiography.Conclusions:The COS developed in this study provides the minimum requirements for measurement and reporting in future TCM clinical trials for the treatment of SAP.The employment of this COS may reduce heterogeneity across trials and facilitate evidencebased decision-making for stakeholders.展开更多
Memory limitations are always a focus of computer architecture. The live range aware cache （LIRAC） offers a way to reduce memory access using live range information. In the LIRAC system, scratch data need not be wri...Memory limitations are always a focus of computer architecture. The live range aware cache （LIRAC） offers a way to reduce memory access using live range information. In the LIRAC system, scratch data need not be written back if the data will no longer be used. Three kinds of software support developed for LIRAC architecture use compiler analyses, binary analyses, and trace analyses. Trace analysis results show that LIRAC can eliminate 29% of cache write-backs on average and up to 83% in the best case for the SPEC CPU 2000 benchmark. These software techniques can show the feasibility and potential benefit of the LIRAC architecture.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81473544).
文摘Objective:This study aimed to develop a core outcome set(COS)for use in future studies of stable angina pectoris(SAP)in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Systematic literature reviews and qualitative interviews with cardiologists and patients with SAP treated using TCM were conducted to generate a set of outcomes.Outcomes were prioritized by stakeholders via two rounds of an online Delphi survey and face-to-face consensus meetings.Following the final consensus meeting,a final COS was generated.Results:An initial set of 324 outcomes was identified.A preliminary list of 65 outcomes was employed in the Delphi study.In total,223 participants from seven stakeholder groups were invited to score outcomes in the first Delphi round:87 completed round 1 and 47 completed round 2.Thirty-one participants attended the consensus meeting and agreed on a final core set of outcomes comprising six items across four domains:frequency of angina attack,duration of angina attack,Seattle angina questionnaire,total exercise duration in the exercise treadmill test,cardiovascular events,and QT interval on electrocardiography.Conclusions:The COS developed in this study provides the minimum requirements for measurement and reporting in future TCM clinical trials for the treatment of SAP.The employment of this COS may reduce heterogeneity across trials and facilitate evidencebased decision-making for stakeholders.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60673145)the Basic Research Foundation of Tsinghua Na-tional Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList)+1 种基金the Intel/University Sponsored Research, the National Key Basic Research and Development (973) Program of China (No. 2006CB303100)the IBM China Research Laboratory
文摘Memory limitations are always a focus of computer architecture. The live range aware cache （LIRAC） offers a way to reduce memory access using live range information. In the LIRAC system, scratch data need not be written back if the data will no longer be used. Three kinds of software support developed for LIRAC architecture use compiler analyses, binary analyses, and trace analyses. Trace analysis results show that LIRAC can eliminate 29% of cache write-backs on average and up to 83% in the best case for the SPEC CPU 2000 benchmark. These software techniques can show the feasibility and potential benefit of the LIRAC architecture.
