目的了解青年学生人群的艾滋病知识行为及艾滋病、梅毒、丙肝感染情况,帮助制定相关艾滋病防治措施。方法采用分阶段整群抽样,共抽取安庆和合肥青年学生1 606人,经知情同意后进行匿名自填式问卷调查和HIV、丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C vir...目的了解青年学生人群的艾滋病知识行为及艾滋病、梅毒、丙肝感染情况,帮助制定相关艾滋病防治措施。方法采用分阶段整群抽样,共抽取安庆和合肥青年学生1 606人,经知情同意后进行匿名自填式问卷调查和HIV、丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)和梅毒等3项血清学检测。结果青年学生艾滋病知识知晓率为83.62%,男生知晓率高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);不同年级知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。有过性行为的比例为4.48%,其中安庆市1.88%,合肥市7.07%;首次性行为使用安全套比例为31.25%;在固定性伴、临时性伴及商业性伴中最近1次性行为使用安全套比例和最近1年性行为"每次使用安全套"比例均低于50%,最近1年做过艾滋病检测的比例为2.07%。血清学检测未发现HIV抗体阳性,而梅毒抗体阳性检出率为0.19%,HCV抗体阳性检出率0.31%。结论安徽省青年学生人群艾滋病知识知晓情况总体尚好,但有个别知识点知晓率较低,部分学生有不安全的性行为,且对艾滋病自我防护意识薄弱。今后需进一步加强青年学生艾滋病防治知识的宣传教育工作,同时扩大高危行为干预和检测覆盖面。展开更多
Background The incidence of prostate carcinoma (Pca) has been increasing in China. We detected Pca in elderly men in Changchun,north China and the significance of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in mass screening an...Background The incidence of prostate carcinoma (Pca) has been increasing in China. We detected Pca in elderly men in Changchun,north China and the significance of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in mass screening and clinical staging of Pca. Methods Serum PSA from 12 027 men over 50 years old from Changchun was analyzed. In case of serum PSA greater than 4.0 ng/ml,the patient was suspected of potentially suffering from Pca,and transrectal six-point puncture prostate biopsies were performed under ultrasound guidance. Pathological examinations were performed on the biopsy tissue,and ABCD and TNM clinical stagings were used in accordance with international standards. Correlations between serum PSA level and clinical stage were analyzed. Results PSA was greater than 4.0 ng/ml in 813 patients (6.8% of the 12 027 men). Transrectal six-point prostate puncture biopsies guided by ultrasound were performed in 273 patients (33.6% of the 813 patients who were tested positive in the initial mass screening). Of these 273 patients,69 cases of Pca (25.3% of 273) were confirmed by biopsy in the second screening,with an overall detection rate for Pca of 0.57% (69/12 027). The total number of patients in stages A,B,T1,or T2 was 57.9%,and over 20% of them suffered from late stage Pca with lymph node and bone metastasis. An obvious positive correlation was observed between ABCD staging,TNM staging,and serum PSA level. Conclusions Serum PSA level is not only the golden standard for mass screening of Pca,but also the predictor for clinical stage of Pca. PSA testing revealed asymptomatic Pca cases in early,middle,and later stages in the elderly,suggesting that mass screening is of paramount importance.展开更多
文摘目的了解青年学生人群的艾滋病知识行为及艾滋病、梅毒、丙肝感染情况,帮助制定相关艾滋病防治措施。方法采用分阶段整群抽样,共抽取安庆和合肥青年学生1 606人,经知情同意后进行匿名自填式问卷调查和HIV、丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)和梅毒等3项血清学检测。结果青年学生艾滋病知识知晓率为83.62%,男生知晓率高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);不同年级知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。有过性行为的比例为4.48%,其中安庆市1.88%,合肥市7.07%;首次性行为使用安全套比例为31.25%;在固定性伴、临时性伴及商业性伴中最近1次性行为使用安全套比例和最近1年性行为"每次使用安全套"比例均低于50%,最近1年做过艾滋病检测的比例为2.07%。血清学检测未发现HIV抗体阳性,而梅毒抗体阳性检出率为0.19%,HCV抗体阳性检出率0.31%。结论安徽省青年学生人群艾滋病知识知晓情况总体尚好,但有个别知识点知晓率较低,部分学生有不安全的性行为,且对艾滋病自我防护意识薄弱。今后需进一步加强青年学生艾滋病防治知识的宣传教育工作,同时扩大高危行为干预和检测覆盖面。
基金ThisstudywasaprojectoftheJapan ChinaInternationalSpecialTechnicalCooperation (No 5 9) ,andwassupportedbytheJapanInternationalCooperationAgency (JICA)
文摘Background The incidence of prostate carcinoma (Pca) has been increasing in China. We detected Pca in elderly men in Changchun,north China and the significance of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in mass screening and clinical staging of Pca. Methods Serum PSA from 12 027 men over 50 years old from Changchun was analyzed. In case of serum PSA greater than 4.0 ng/ml,the patient was suspected of potentially suffering from Pca,and transrectal six-point puncture prostate biopsies were performed under ultrasound guidance. Pathological examinations were performed on the biopsy tissue,and ABCD and TNM clinical stagings were used in accordance with international standards. Correlations between serum PSA level and clinical stage were analyzed. Results PSA was greater than 4.0 ng/ml in 813 patients (6.8% of the 12 027 men). Transrectal six-point prostate puncture biopsies guided by ultrasound were performed in 273 patients (33.6% of the 813 patients who were tested positive in the initial mass screening). Of these 273 patients,69 cases of Pca (25.3% of 273) were confirmed by biopsy in the second screening,with an overall detection rate for Pca of 0.57% (69/12 027). The total number of patients in stages A,B,T1,or T2 was 57.9%,and over 20% of them suffered from late stage Pca with lymph node and bone metastasis. An obvious positive correlation was observed between ABCD staging,TNM staging,and serum PSA level. Conclusions Serum PSA level is not only the golden standard for mass screening of Pca,but also the predictor for clinical stage of Pca. PSA testing revealed asymptomatic Pca cases in early,middle,and later stages in the elderly,suggesting that mass screening is of paramount importance.
