利用近红外、中红外和拉曼光谱法定量分析了商品农药制剂中有效成分氰戊菊酯和马拉硫磷的含量。采用偏最小二乘法(Partial least squares,PLS)建立氰戊菊酯和马拉硫磷的定量模型并进行了优化,用独立检验集对模型适应性进行评价。近红外...利用近红外、中红外和拉曼光谱法定量分析了商品农药制剂中有效成分氰戊菊酯和马拉硫磷的含量。采用偏最小二乘法(Partial least squares,PLS)建立氰戊菊酯和马拉硫磷的定量模型并进行了优化,用独立检验集对模型适应性进行评价。近红外和中红外法测定氰戊菊酯、马拉硫磷定量模型的相关系数分别是0.9981,0.9994和0.9946,0.9998,外部验证集标准差分别是0.082,0.081和0.092,0.075,两种方法的定量效果接近;拉曼法氰戊菊酯和马拉硫磷定量模型的相关系数分别为0.9872和0.9993,外部验证集标准差分别为0.254和0.317,预测精度不及近红外和中红外法高。MIR-ATR,NIR和Raman 3种方法均能满足现场检测农药质量的需要。展开更多
A experimental study of characteristics of NO reduction by a simulating production gas of biomass gasification was performed in a ceramic flow reactor heated by an electric furnace.The gas was composed of CO,CO2,CH4,H...A experimental study of characteristics of NO reduction by a simulating production gas of biomass gasification was performed in a ceramic flow reactor heated by an electric furnace.The gas was composed of CO,CO2,CH4,H2 and N2,and the temperature used in the experiments ranged from 1 000 ℃ to 1 400 ℃.The influence of the inlet concentration of oxygen(0%～5%),the local equivalence ratio,φ(0.5～2.28),and the reactor temperatures was studied to analyse the characteristics of biomass gasification-reburning.The results indicate that more consumption of reducting agent is needed to increase the NO reduction efficiency in pyrolysis condition.The suitable values of the local equivalence ratio,φ,could make the NO reduction efficiency in oxidation condition higher than that in pyrolysis condition.The local equivalence ratio is an important parameter for NO reduction,and higher NO reduction efficiency can be obtained when φ varies between 0.8 and 1.1.The reduction of NO is favored at high temperatures.展开更多
Three biomass wastes were studied with thermal analyzers.The pyrolysis characteristics were analyzed by using active and passive pyrolysis zone,and pyrolysis index.The pyrolysis kinetics parameters and controlling equ...Three biomass wastes were studied with thermal analyzers.The pyrolysis characteristics were analyzed by using active and passive pyrolysis zone,and pyrolysis index.The pyrolysis kinetics parameters and controlling equations were derived from thermal gravimetric analysis.A general pyrolysis rate equation was deduced.The results show that pyrolysis of agriculture residues is not active in passive pyrolysis zone,but pyrolysis of wood residues is still active.Pyrolysis indexes increase with higher heating rate,which is beneficial to biomass pyrolysis.Pyrolysis of three biomass wastes conforms to two-stage model.Pyrolysis mechanism and kinetic parameters are different within different temperature range.For the same biomass sample,the main factors affecting the reaction rate are reaction kinetics parameters,while heating rate does not change the reaction rate equation but changes the reaction kinetics parameters.展开更多
文摘利用近红外、中红外和拉曼光谱法定量分析了商品农药制剂中有效成分氰戊菊酯和马拉硫磷的含量。采用偏最小二乘法(Partial least squares,PLS)建立氰戊菊酯和马拉硫磷的定量模型并进行了优化,用独立检验集对模型适应性进行评价。近红外和中红外法测定氰戊菊酯、马拉硫磷定量模型的相关系数分别是0.9981,0.9994和0.9946,0.9998,外部验证集标准差分别是0.082,0.081和0.092,0.075,两种方法的定量效果接近;拉曼法氰戊菊酯和马拉硫磷定量模型的相关系数分别为0.9872和0.9993,外部验证集标准差分别为0.254和0.317,预测精度不及近红外和中红外法高。MIR-ATR,NIR和Raman 3种方法均能满足现场检测农药质量的需要。
文摘A experimental study of characteristics of NO reduction by a simulating production gas of biomass gasification was performed in a ceramic flow reactor heated by an electric furnace.The gas was composed of CO,CO2,CH4,H2 and N2,and the temperature used in the experiments ranged from 1 000 ℃ to 1 400 ℃.The influence of the inlet concentration of oxygen(0%～5%),the local equivalence ratio,φ(0.5～2.28),and the reactor temperatures was studied to analyse the characteristics of biomass gasification-reburning.The results indicate that more consumption of reducting agent is needed to increase the NO reduction efficiency in pyrolysis condition.The suitable values of the local equivalence ratio,φ,could make the NO reduction efficiency in oxidation condition higher than that in pyrolysis condition.The local equivalence ratio is an important parameter for NO reduction,and higher NO reduction efficiency can be obtained when φ varies between 0.8 and 1.1.The reduction of NO is favored at high temperatures.
文摘Three biomass wastes were studied with thermal analyzers.The pyrolysis characteristics were analyzed by using active and passive pyrolysis zone,and pyrolysis index.The pyrolysis kinetics parameters and controlling equations were derived from thermal gravimetric analysis.A general pyrolysis rate equation was deduced.The results show that pyrolysis of agriculture residues is not active in passive pyrolysis zone,but pyrolysis of wood residues is still active.Pyrolysis indexes increase with higher heating rate,which is beneficial to biomass pyrolysis.Pyrolysis of three biomass wastes conforms to two-stage model.Pyrolysis mechanism and kinetic parameters are different within different temperature range.For the same biomass sample,the main factors affecting the reaction rate are reaction kinetics parameters,while heating rate does not change the reaction rate equation but changes the reaction kinetics parameters.
