Since the 1990s, surveys of bats in China have resulted in outstanding results: Three new species have been described; five new country records; and ten new provincial records have been found. Tylonycteris (Chiroptera...Since the 1990s, surveys of bats in China have resulted in outstanding results: Three new species have been described; five new country records; and ten new provincial records have been found. Tylonycteris (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae ) includes three species, T. pachypus, T. robustula and T. pygmaeus ( a new species described by Feng et al. [ 2008 ] found in Yunnan Province). These three species all roost within internodes of bamboo. The northernmost recorded distribution of T. pachypus is at Mt. Jincheng (N30°40’, E106°18’) , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province founded by Zhou et al. (2005). In November, 2006, T. robustula was also found in Yuechi County and Nanchong City, Sichuan Province. Yuechi County (N30°46’, E106°28’; altitude 633 m) is the northernmost distribution of T. robustula recorded in the world and the first record of this species in Sichuan Province. From October to December 2007, T. robustula was found in Guizhou and Hainan Provinces, both also first provincial recordings for this species. The external measurements, morphological character, distribution, and conservation status of this species were recorded. These specimens were preserved al the Guangdong Entomological Institute, Guangzhou. We also reviewed the distributions of T. robustula in China, including Guangxi, Yunnan, Hainan, Guizhou, and Sichuan Provinces. The bamboo, which provides roosts for these three Tylonycteris sp. , is heavily used in these regions. Protection of bamboo forest habitat may ensure China’s endemic Tylonycteris sp.survival.展开更多
From September to November 2007,we recorded and analyzed the echolocation calls of Ricketti’s big-footed bat(Myotis ricketti) ,in call-recording cages using BatSound software.We also calculated measurements of wing s...From September to November 2007,we recorded and analyzed the echolocation calls of Ricketti’s big-footed bat(Myotis ricketti) ,in call-recording cages using BatSound software.We also calculated measurements of wing shape for these bats. We compared the parameters of echolocation calls and wing shape between males and females.The results showed that only the interpulse interval was significantly different between males(68.49±10.99 ms) and females(83.61±13.77 ms) (t-test:t=-2.72,P<0.01) ,while the pulse duration(male:4.28±0.34 ms,female:4.64±0.97 ms) ,the dominant frequency(40.31±1.36 kHz,40.20±1.32 kHz) ,the max frequency(72.40±2.37 kHz,72.20±2.66 kHz) ,the min frequency(29.00±1.16 kHz,28.60±1.58 kHz) ,and the measurements of wing shape were not significantly different between males and females. M.ricketti had average wing loading(male:8.61±0.72 N/m2,female:8.51±0.81 N/m2) ,high aspect ratio(7.96±0.31,8.09±0.34) and high wing tip shape index(2.93±1.09,2.48±1.02) .展开更多
In order to study the relationship between landmarks and spatial memory in short-nosed fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx （Megachiroptera, Pteropodidae）, we simulated a foraging environment in the laboratory. Different la...In order to study the relationship between landmarks and spatial memory in short-nosed fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx （Megachiroptera, Pteropodidae）, we simulated a foraging environment in the laboratory. Different landmarks were placed to gauge the spatial memory of C. sphinx. We changed the number of landmarks every day with 0 landmarks again on the fifth day （from 0, 2, 4, 8 to 0）. Individuals from the control group were exposed to the identical artificial foraging environment, but without landmarks. The results indicated that there was significant correlation between the time of the first foraging and the experimental days in both groups （Pearson Correlation： experimental group： r=-0.593, P〈0.01; control group： r=-0.581, P〈0.01）. There was no significant correlation between the success rates of foraging and the experimental days in experimental groups （Pearson Correlation： r=0.177, P〉0.05）, but there was significant correlation between the success rates of foraging and the experimental days in the control groups （Pearson Correlation： r=0.445, P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference for the first foraging time between experimental and control groups （GLM： F0.05,1=4.703, P〉0.05）; also, there was no significant difference in success rates of foraging between these two groups （GLM： F0.05,1=0.849,P〉0.05）. The results of our experiment suggest that spatial memory in C. sphinx was formed gradually and that the placed landmarks appeared to have no discernable effects on the memory of the foraging space.展开更多
基金中华人民共和国科学技术基础性工作专项(2006FY110500)Bat Conservation International(BCI)grant to Zhang Libiao
文摘Since the 1990s, surveys of bats in China have resulted in outstanding results: Three new species have been described; five new country records; and ten new provincial records have been found. Tylonycteris (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae ) includes three species, T. pachypus, T. robustula and T. pygmaeus ( a new species described by Feng et al. [ 2008 ] found in Yunnan Province). These three species all roost within internodes of bamboo. The northernmost recorded distribution of T. pachypus is at Mt. Jincheng (N30°40’, E106°18’) , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province founded by Zhou et al. (2005). In November, 2006, T. robustula was also found in Yuechi County and Nanchong City, Sichuan Province. Yuechi County (N30°46’, E106°28’; altitude 633 m) is the northernmost distribution of T. robustula recorded in the world and the first record of this species in Sichuan Province. From October to December 2007, T. robustula was found in Guizhou and Hainan Provinces, both also first provincial recordings for this species. The external measurements, morphological character, distribution, and conservation status of this species were recorded. These specimens were preserved al the Guangdong Entomological Institute, Guangzhou. We also reviewed the distributions of T. robustula in China, including Guangxi, Yunnan, Hainan, Guizhou, and Sichuan Provinces. The bamboo, which provides roosts for these three Tylonycteris sp. , is heavily used in these regions. Protection of bamboo forest habitat may ensure China’s endemic Tylonycteris sp.survival.
文摘From September to November 2007,we recorded and analyzed the echolocation calls of Ricketti’s big-footed bat(Myotis ricketti) ,in call-recording cages using BatSound software.We also calculated measurements of wing shape for these bats. We compared the parameters of echolocation calls and wing shape between males and females.The results showed that only the interpulse interval was significantly different between males(68.49±10.99 ms) and females(83.61±13.77 ms) (t-test:t=-2.72,P<0.01) ,while the pulse duration(male:4.28±0.34 ms,female:4.64±0.97 ms) ,the dominant frequency(40.31±1.36 kHz,40.20±1.32 kHz) ,the max frequency(72.40±2.37 kHz,72.20±2.66 kHz) ,the min frequency(29.00±1.16 kHz,28.60±1.58 kHz) ,and the measurements of wing shape were not significantly different between males and females. M.ricketti had average wing loading(male:8.61±0.72 N/m2,female:8.51±0.81 N/m2) ,high aspect ratio(7.96±0.31,8.09±0.34) and high wing tip shape index(2.93±1.09,2.48±1.02) .
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No30800102)Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(309026)
文摘In order to study the relationship between landmarks and spatial memory in short-nosed fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx （Megachiroptera, Pteropodidae）, we simulated a foraging environment in the laboratory. Different landmarks were placed to gauge the spatial memory of C. sphinx. We changed the number of landmarks every day with 0 landmarks again on the fifth day （from 0, 2, 4, 8 to 0）. Individuals from the control group were exposed to the identical artificial foraging environment, but without landmarks. The results indicated that there was significant correlation between the time of the first foraging and the experimental days in both groups （Pearson Correlation： experimental group： r=-0.593, P〈0.01; control group： r=-0.581, P〈0.01）. There was no significant correlation between the success rates of foraging and the experimental days in experimental groups （Pearson Correlation： r=0.177, P〉0.05）, but there was significant correlation between the success rates of foraging and the experimental days in the control groups （Pearson Correlation： r=0.445, P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference for the first foraging time between experimental and control groups （GLM： F0.05,1=4.703, P〉0.05）; also, there was no significant difference in success rates of foraging between these two groups （GLM： F0.05,1=0.849,P〉0.05）. The results of our experiment suggest that spatial memory in C. sphinx was formed gradually and that the placed landmarks appeared to have no discernable effects on the memory of the foraging space.
