The distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) and nitrogen on Gongga Mountain was studied in this paper. The results showed that the content of SOM and nitrogen (N) of A horizon had an ascending trend with the increas...The distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) and nitrogen on Gongga Mountain was studied in this paper. The results showed that the content of SOM and nitrogen (N) of A horizon had an ascending trend with the increase of the elevation. The vegetation types distributed higher than the mixed broad-leaved and coniferous forest have the irregular trends. In the transitional zone vegetation such as mixed trees and treeline, the content of SOM and N is higher than other vegetation types. The distribution of SOM and N of A horizon is dependent on the synthetic effect of climate and vegetation types. The vertical distribution of SOM and N in soil profiles has the similar trends for all kinds of vegetation types, i.e., the content of A horizon is higher than that of the B and C horizons, which is the same to the distribution of dead animal and plant in soil. The soil C:N is between 7 and 25, which is relatively low comparing to the appropriate C:N of 25-30. The ratio of soil carbon to nitrogen (C:N)increases with the increase of the elevation, but its vertical distribution in soil horizons varies with different vegetation types. The N exists in SOM mainly in the form of organic nitrogen, and the soil C:N correlates significantly with SOM.展开更多
在现代自然保护与经济开发的历史关系中,人类活动总是处于关键角色和矛盾焦点。早期将人隔离在自然系统之外的堡垒保护(fortress conservation)逐步被更加包容的保护所替代,尤其是纳入地方社区在生物多样性保护中的角色和作用(Berkes,20...在现代自然保护与经济开发的历史关系中,人类活动总是处于关键角色和矛盾焦点。早期将人隔离在自然系统之外的堡垒保护(fortress conservation)逐步被更加包容的保护所替代,尤其是纳入地方社区在生物多样性保护中的角色和作用(Berkes,2007;Garnett et al,2018;Rai et al,2021)。管理保护地人类活动并实现可持续发展,成为全球自然保护共同面临的最大挑战。我国国家公园的首要功能是重要自然生态系统的原真性、完整性保护,但同时强调要兼具科研、教育、游憩等综合功能,这必然涉及到监测保护、科研教育、游憩体验和社区发展等多样化的人类活动。把握我国国家公园人类活动特征,平衡人类活动的范围、方式和强度,是实现国家公园"全民共享、世代传承"的重大任务。本文从试点国家公园人类活动主要特征出发,探讨我国试点国家公园重要人类活动的管理和存在问题,并提出相应调整策略,以期为国家公园的制度设计及建设实践提供参考。展开更多
文摘The distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) and nitrogen on Gongga Mountain was studied in this paper. The results showed that the content of SOM and nitrogen (N) of A horizon had an ascending trend with the increase of the elevation. The vegetation types distributed higher than the mixed broad-leaved and coniferous forest have the irregular trends. In the transitional zone vegetation such as mixed trees and treeline, the content of SOM and N is higher than other vegetation types. The distribution of SOM and N of A horizon is dependent on the synthetic effect of climate and vegetation types. The vertical distribution of SOM and N in soil profiles has the similar trends for all kinds of vegetation types, i.e., the content of A horizon is higher than that of the B and C horizons, which is the same to the distribution of dead animal and plant in soil. The soil C:N is between 7 and 25, which is relatively low comparing to the appropriate C:N of 25-30. The ratio of soil carbon to nitrogen (C:N)increases with the increase of the elevation, but its vertical distribution in soil horizons varies with different vegetation types. The N exists in SOM mainly in the form of organic nitrogen, and the soil C:N correlates significantly with SOM.
文摘在现代自然保护与经济开发的历史关系中,人类活动总是处于关键角色和矛盾焦点。早期将人隔离在自然系统之外的堡垒保护(fortress conservation)逐步被更加包容的保护所替代,尤其是纳入地方社区在生物多样性保护中的角色和作用(Berkes,2007;Garnett et al,2018;Rai et al,2021)。管理保护地人类活动并实现可持续发展,成为全球自然保护共同面临的最大挑战。我国国家公园的首要功能是重要自然生态系统的原真性、完整性保护,但同时强调要兼具科研、教育、游憩等综合功能,这必然涉及到监测保护、科研教育、游憩体验和社区发展等多样化的人类活动。把握我国国家公园人类活动特征,平衡人类活动的范围、方式和强度,是实现国家公园"全民共享、世代传承"的重大任务。本文从试点国家公园人类活动主要特征出发,探讨我国试点国家公园重要人类活动的管理和存在问题,并提出相应调整策略,以期为国家公园的制度设计及建设实践提供参考。
文摘为建立窖泥评价标准、提升窖泥品质,本文以不同品质窖泥为研究对象,通过对比其表征指标发现:I级窖泥(优质)有较高的感官得分(7.4)、有机质含量(7.9%)、pH(7.6)和产有机酸能力(416.0 mg/g),以及适中的水分含量(39.2%);窖泥微生物多样性结果表明:共检测出42个菌属,微生物多样性随窖泥品质提升显著降低,不同品质窖泥微生物群落结构差异明显。表征指标与微生物群落相关性研究表明:窖泥的水分、pH显著影响窖泥微生物群落结构。窖泥中Petrimonas、Caproiciproducens、Clostridium sensu stricto 12等5个属与窖泥产有机酸能力呈显著相关;Petrimonas、Syntrophomonas、Lutispora等9个属与窖泥pH呈显著相关。Bacillus、Caldicoprobacter、Anaerosalibacter等14个属受窖泥有机质含量和水分含量影响显著;Caldicoprobacter、Sedimentibacter、Anaerosalibacter等6个菌属与窖泥气味感官呈显著相关。
