本研究构建了以丁酸为唯一碳源的厌氧消化反应器,利用16SrRNA基因测序技术分析氯四环素(Chlortetracycline,CTC)单独抑制及CTC与颗粒活性炭(Granular active carbon,GAC)协同作用下,互营丁酸氧化微生物群落结构的动态变化,探究环境胁迫...本研究构建了以丁酸为唯一碳源的厌氧消化反应器,利用16SrRNA基因测序技术分析氯四环素(Chlortetracycline,CTC)单独抑制及CTC与颗粒活性炭(Granular active carbon,GAC)协同作用下,互营丁酸氧化微生物群落结构的动态变化,探究环境胁迫下微生物之间的相互作用及其对CTC及CTC和GAC协同作用的响应。结果表明,原始反应器群落中,已知的互营丁酸氧化菌Syntrophomonas(11.6%)和乙酸营养型产甲烷古菌Methanosaeta(48.5%)分别在细菌和古菌群落中占主导优势。添加40mg/L和50mg/LCTC条件下,甲烷产量分别降低40.4%和49.3%。Syntrophomonas对CTC表现出耐受性,但与其呈正相关联系的细菌(如unclassified Firmicutes和unclassified Comamonadaceae)以及乙酸氧化菌Tepidanaerobacter活性被CTC明显抑制,从而影响丁酸降解率,同时造成代谢产物积累,导致产甲烷量降低。单独添加GAC以及在40mg/L和50mg/LCTC抑制下添加GAC,甲烷产量分别降低2.9%、48.5%和64.7%。共现网络分析结果显示,添加GAC明显增强了Geobacter以及与其呈正相关联系的细菌(Azonexus等)的活性。而产甲烷古菌Methanosaeta和Methanoculleus与Azonexus等大部分细菌呈负相关,因此,添加GAC可能间接影响了产甲烷古菌的活性。展开更多
China has a vast area of mountains that are of great research interest. Chongqing is a typical mountain city in China. In urban construction, a mountain is not only an important limiting condition for urban developmen...China has a vast area of mountains that are of great research interest. Chongqing is a typical mountain city in China. In urban construction, a mountain is not only an important limiting condition for urban development, but also an important condition for shaping the urban form. The area from the Yangtze River to the eastern ridge line of Nan Mountain in Nanan District is strongly representative of mountain cities with a complex landform, fragile ecological environment and a long history and culture. In recent years, the construction and optimization of this area are increasingly closely related to the landscape environment. However, due to the special environments of mountain cities, altitude and landform conditions become the key influencing conditions for further development of the cities. Therefore, this paper takes this region as an example, focuses on remote sensing and field measurement data, combines government data with that from scholarly research, and conducts relevant exploration through GIS, ENVI and some chart processing software. At first, from the perspective of the landscape gradient and urban construction, the characteristics of the urban landscape gradient are sorted out, and the developmental status of each urban area is analyzed. Then, the coupling relationships between the landscape features of each gradient and each urban area are analyzed. Finally, based on the analysis results, three major optimization measures are proposed to maintain ecological harmony in the mountainous area, reconstruct the mountain characteristic culture, and create unique mountain aesthetics, all with the hope of providing some guidance for the future development of the study area and similar mountain cities.展开更多
文摘本研究构建了以丁酸为唯一碳源的厌氧消化反应器,利用16SrRNA基因测序技术分析氯四环素(Chlortetracycline,CTC)单独抑制及CTC与颗粒活性炭(Granular active carbon,GAC)协同作用下,互营丁酸氧化微生物群落结构的动态变化,探究环境胁迫下微生物之间的相互作用及其对CTC及CTC和GAC协同作用的响应。结果表明,原始反应器群落中,已知的互营丁酸氧化菌Syntrophomonas(11.6%)和乙酸营养型产甲烷古菌Methanosaeta(48.5%)分别在细菌和古菌群落中占主导优势。添加40mg/L和50mg/LCTC条件下,甲烷产量分别降低40.4%和49.3%。Syntrophomonas对CTC表现出耐受性,但与其呈正相关联系的细菌(如unclassified Firmicutes和unclassified Comamonadaceae)以及乙酸氧化菌Tepidanaerobacter活性被CTC明显抑制,从而影响丁酸降解率,同时造成代谢产物积累,导致产甲烷量降低。单独添加GAC以及在40mg/L和50mg/LCTC抑制下添加GAC,甲烷产量分别降低2.9%、48.5%和64.7%。共现网络分析结果显示,添加GAC明显增强了Geobacter以及与其呈正相关联系的细菌(Azonexus等)的活性。而产甲烷古菌Methanosaeta和Methanoculleus与Azonexus等大部分细菌呈负相关,因此,添加GAC可能间接影响了产甲烷古菌的活性。
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (51978093)。
文摘China has a vast area of mountains that are of great research interest. Chongqing is a typical mountain city in China. In urban construction, a mountain is not only an important limiting condition for urban development, but also an important condition for shaping the urban form. The area from the Yangtze River to the eastern ridge line of Nan Mountain in Nanan District is strongly representative of mountain cities with a complex landform, fragile ecological environment and a long history and culture. In recent years, the construction and optimization of this area are increasingly closely related to the landscape environment. However, due to the special environments of mountain cities, altitude and landform conditions become the key influencing conditions for further development of the cities. Therefore, this paper takes this region as an example, focuses on remote sensing and field measurement data, combines government data with that from scholarly research, and conducts relevant exploration through GIS, ENVI and some chart processing software. At first, from the perspective of the landscape gradient and urban construction, the characteristics of the urban landscape gradient are sorted out, and the developmental status of each urban area is analyzed. Then, the coupling relationships between the landscape features of each gradient and each urban area are analyzed. Finally, based on the analysis results, three major optimization measures are proposed to maintain ecological harmony in the mountainous area, reconstruct the mountain characteristic culture, and create unique mountain aesthetics, all with the hope of providing some guidance for the future development of the study area and similar mountain cities.
