以3种不同包装材料(利乐砖、利乐枕和百利包)的常温牛奶为研究对象,采用顶空固相微萃取(Head Space Solid-Phase MicroExtraction,HS-SPME)对3种不同包材的常温奶进行挥发性风味物质测定,比较不同包材的常温奶中挥发性风味物质的差异。...以3种不同包装材料(利乐砖、利乐枕和百利包)的常温牛奶为研究对象,采用顶空固相微萃取(Head Space Solid-Phase MicroExtraction,HS-SPME)对3种不同包材的常温奶进行挥发性风味物质测定,比较不同包材的常温奶中挥发性风味物质的差异。结果表明,百利包材样品中检出最多的脂肪二级氧化产物醛、酮、醇,其中酮-醇化合物占比最大,占总挥发性化合物的73.9%。在描述性感官评价中,气味和饱满度的评分结果由高到低依次是利乐枕、利乐砖、百利包;所有感官评价人员对百利包样品的气味和饱满度(P<0.05)评分最低,而异味评分最高(P<0.05);可能与其无菌复合膜材料的氧气透过率较高有关,较高氧气透过率包材使牛奶中含有较多的溶解氧,易引起牛奶中的乳脂肪氧化而产生大量的酮-醇化合物,从而导致牛奶的风味发生变化。展开更多
Clinical use of antimicrobials faces great challenges from the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. The overexpression of drug efflux pumps is one of the major contributors to multidrug resistance(MDR). Reversi...Clinical use of antimicrobials faces great challenges from the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. The overexpression of drug efflux pumps is one of the major contributors to multidrug resistance(MDR). Reversing the function of drug efflux pumps is a promising approach to overcome MDR. In the life-threatening fungal pathogen Candida albicans, the major facilitator superfamily(MFS) transporter Mdr1p can excrete many structurally unrelated antifungals, leading to MDR. Here we report a counterintuitive case of reversing MDR in C. albicans by using a natural product berberine to hijack the overexpressed Mdr1p for its own importation. Moreover, we illustrate that the imported berberine accumulates in mitochondria and compromises the mitochondrial function by impairing mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial Complex I. This results in the selective elimination of Mdr1 p overexpressed C. albicans cells. Furthermore, we show that berberine treatment can prolong the mean survival time of mice with blood-borne dissemination of Mdr1p overexpressed multidrug-resistant candidiasis. This study provides a potential direction of novel anti-MDR drug discovery by screening for multidrug efflux pump converters.展开更多
文摘以3种不同包装材料(利乐砖、利乐枕和百利包)的常温牛奶为研究对象,采用顶空固相微萃取(Head Space Solid-Phase MicroExtraction,HS-SPME)对3种不同包材的常温奶进行挥发性风味物质测定,比较不同包材的常温奶中挥发性风味物质的差异。结果表明,百利包材样品中检出最多的脂肪二级氧化产物醛、酮、醇,其中酮-醇化合物占比最大,占总挥发性化合物的73.9%。在描述性感官评价中,气味和饱满度的评分结果由高到低依次是利乐枕、利乐砖、百利包;所有感官评价人员对百利包样品的气味和饱满度(P<0.05)评分最低,而异味评分最高(P<0.05);可能与其无菌复合膜材料的氧气透过率较高有关,较高氧气透过率包材使牛奶中含有较多的溶解氧,易引起牛奶中的乳脂肪氧化而产生大量的酮-醇化合物,从而导致牛奶的风味发生变化。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFA0907800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31720103901)+2 种基金the “111” Project of China (B18022)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (22221818014S)the Open Project Funding of the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,the Shandong Taishan Scholar Award,and the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF10CC1016517)。
文摘Clinical use of antimicrobials faces great challenges from the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. The overexpression of drug efflux pumps is one of the major contributors to multidrug resistance(MDR). Reversing the function of drug efflux pumps is a promising approach to overcome MDR. In the life-threatening fungal pathogen Candida albicans, the major facilitator superfamily(MFS) transporter Mdr1p can excrete many structurally unrelated antifungals, leading to MDR. Here we report a counterintuitive case of reversing MDR in C. albicans by using a natural product berberine to hijack the overexpressed Mdr1p for its own importation. Moreover, we illustrate that the imported berberine accumulates in mitochondria and compromises the mitochondrial function by impairing mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial Complex I. This results in the selective elimination of Mdr1 p overexpressed C. albicans cells. Furthermore, we show that berberine treatment can prolong the mean survival time of mice with blood-borne dissemination of Mdr1p overexpressed multidrug-resistant candidiasis. This study provides a potential direction of novel anti-MDR drug discovery by screening for multidrug efflux pump converters.
