在无填充、不开坡口条件下,以5 k W光纤激光作为热源,研究激光扫描速度对YG20硬质合金与45#钢的焊缝组织与元素扩散的影响规律。分析了YG20/45#钢焊缝成形、组织及元素扩散。讨论了激光扫描速度对于热胀系数差异较大的异质材料焊接的焊...在无填充、不开坡口条件下,以5 k W光纤激光作为热源,研究激光扫描速度对YG20硬质合金与45#钢的焊缝组织与元素扩散的影响规律。分析了YG20/45#钢焊缝成形、组织及元素扩散。讨论了激光扫描速度对于热胀系数差异较大的异质材料焊接的焊缝成形的影响规律。研究结果表明,当被焊材料厚度为2 mm时,采用激光功率P=1.93 k W、激光扫描速度v=2.40 m/min,离焦量-8 mm时,可以获得冶金结合良好的YG20/45#钢焊接接头;随着焊接热输入的增加,硬质合金/焊缝侧界面的碳化钨晶粒粗化,裂纹倾向增加。主要分布在焊缝和硬质合金侧热影响区,降低焊接接头的性能。线扫描分析结果表明,硬质合金中的W、Co与钢中Fe发生了互相扩散,使整个接头达到了很好的冶金结合。展开更多
Carbon, manganese, and silicon distribution in quenching and partitioning （Q＆P） steel during partitioning process was investigated to reveal the diffusion behavior. The microstructure and chemical composition were ...Carbon, manganese, and silicon distribution in quenching and partitioning （Q＆P） steel during partitioning process was investigated to reveal the diffusion behavior. The microstructure and chemical composition were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and three-dimensional atom probe. It is shown that the studied Q＆P steel consisted of martensite laths and thin, film-like retained austenite showing extraordinary phase transformation stability. Carbon atoms mostly diffused to the retained austenite from martensite at a higher partitioning temperature. In the experimental steel partitioned at 400℃ for 10-60 s, carbides or cementite formed through carbon segregation along martensite boundaries or within the martensite matrix. As a result of carbon atom diffusion from martensite to austenite, the carbon content in martensite could be ignored. When the partitioning process completed, the constrained carbon equilibrium （CCE） could be simplified. Results calculated by the simplified CCE model were similar to those of CCE, and the difference between the two optimum quenching temperatures, where the maximum volume fraction of the retained austenite can be obtained by the Q＆P process, was little.展开更多
The hydrogen distribution of 16MnR steel weldment in hydrogen contained environment was calculated using the finite element method （ FEM）. The effect of welding residual stress on hydrogen diffusion has been discuss...The hydrogen distribution of 16MnR steel weldment in hydrogen contained environment was calculated using the finite element method （ FEM）. The effect of welding residual stress on hydrogen diffusion has been discussed using a 3-D sequential coupling finite element analysis procedure complied by Abaqus code. The hydrogen diffusion coefficient in weld metal, the heat affected zone （HAZ）, and the base metal of the 16MnR steel weldment were measured using the electrochemical permeation technique. The hydrogen diffusion without the effect of stress was also calculated and compared. Owing to the existence of welding residual stress, the hydrogen concentration was obviously increased and the hydrogen wouM diffuse and accumulate in the higher stress region.展开更多
文摘在无填充、不开坡口条件下,以5 k W光纤激光作为热源,研究激光扫描速度对YG20硬质合金与45#钢的焊缝组织与元素扩散的影响规律。分析了YG20/45#钢焊缝成形、组织及元素扩散。讨论了激光扫描速度对于热胀系数差异较大的异质材料焊接的焊缝成形的影响规律。研究结果表明,当被焊材料厚度为2 mm时,采用激光功率P=1.93 k W、激光扫描速度v=2.40 m/min,离焦量-8 mm时,可以获得冶金结合良好的YG20/45#钢焊接接头;随着焊接热输入的增加,硬质合金/焊缝侧界面的碳化钨晶粒粗化,裂纹倾向增加。主要分布在焊缝和硬质合金侧热影响区,降低焊接接头的性能。线扫描分析结果表明,硬质合金中的W、Co与钢中Fe发生了互相扩散,使整个接头达到了很好的冶金结合。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50804005)the Special Fund from the Central Collegiate Basic Scien-tifc Research Bursary of China(No.FRF-TP-11-005B)
文摘Carbon, manganese, and silicon distribution in quenching and partitioning （Q＆P） steel during partitioning process was investigated to reveal the diffusion behavior. The microstructure and chemical composition were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and three-dimensional atom probe. It is shown that the studied Q＆P steel consisted of martensite laths and thin, film-like retained austenite showing extraordinary phase transformation stability. Carbon atoms mostly diffused to the retained austenite from martensite at a higher partitioning temperature. In the experimental steel partitioned at 400℃ for 10-60 s, carbides or cementite formed through carbon segregation along martensite boundaries or within the martensite matrix. As a result of carbon atom diffusion from martensite to austenite, the carbon content in martensite could be ignored. When the partitioning process completed, the constrained carbon equilibrium （CCE） could be simplified. Results calculated by the simplified CCE model were similar to those of CCE, and the difference between the two optimum quenching temperatures, where the maximum volume fraction of the retained austenite can be obtained by the Q＆P process, was little.
文摘The hydrogen distribution of 16MnR steel weldment in hydrogen contained environment was calculated using the finite element method （ FEM）. The effect of welding residual stress on hydrogen diffusion has been discussed using a 3-D sequential coupling finite element analysis procedure complied by Abaqus code. The hydrogen diffusion coefficient in weld metal, the heat affected zone （HAZ）, and the base metal of the 16MnR steel weldment were measured using the electrochemical permeation technique. The hydrogen diffusion without the effect of stress was also calculated and compared. Owing to the existence of welding residual stress, the hydrogen concentration was obviously increased and the hydrogen wouM diffuse and accumulate in the higher stress region.
