花岗岩与大地构造环境之间的关系是花岗岩研究的热门话题,许多人认为,利用地球化学标志可以判别花岗岩形成的大地构造环境。勿庸置疑,花岗岩构造环境判别方法是仿效玄武岩提出来的。因此,本文从回顾玄武岩构造环境判别开始,详细剖析了Pe...花岗岩与大地构造环境之间的关系是花岗岩研究的热门话题,许多人认为,利用地球化学标志可以判别花岗岩形成的大地构造环境。勿庸置疑,花岗岩构造环境判别方法是仿效玄武岩提出来的。因此,本文从回顾玄武岩构造环境判别开始,详细剖析了Pearce et al(1984b)和Barbalin(1999)关于花岗岩构造环境判别的研究成果,指出了花岗岩构造环境判别中存在的问题。我们认为,花岗岩地球化学性质主要反映的是花岗岩源区的性质和构造环境,而非花岗岩形成时的构造环境。本文按照全球花岗岩的分布将花岗岩分为产于大洋及其边缘(海岸)的、产于板块边缘和陆内与碰撞有关的和产于陆块内部的三类花岗岩。(1)产于大洋及其边缘(海岸)的花岗岩源于洋壳类型的玄武岩(MORB、IAT、OIB等),花岗岩具明显的地幔印记ε_(Nd)(t)同位素比值高,Sr同位素比值低),大体可以用现有的判别图判别其形成的构造环境。(2)与碰撞作用有关的花岗岩大多分布在陆块边缘,同碰撞和后碰撞指的是构造(变形)事件,与板块构造环境(洋脊、岛弧、洋岛、裂谷等)在概念上是不同的。区分同碰撞和碰撞后花岗岩不能单靠花岗岩的地球化学标志,也不能单靠花岗岩构造判别图,而应当从岩石组合和岩石性质两方面入手:碰撞有利于形成埃达克岩和(具低Sr低Yb特征的)淡色花岗岩;碰撞后的伸展背景有利于形成非常低Sr高Yb的A型花岗岩。(3)产于陆块内部的花岗岩其形成主要与地幔来源的热有关,花岗岩的地球化学性质主要决定于源岩及形成时的深度,与地表浅层构造作用和事件无关。研究表明,地球上只有大约10%的花岗岩可以探讨其形成的构造环境,20%左右的花岗岩需要研究它们与构造事件的关系(同碰撞或后碰撞),而约70%的产于陆壳上的花岗岩,既无从考虑其形成的构造环境,也无需研究其与构造事件的关系。�展开更多
High-precision major element and Hf isotope data are reported for the Neoproterozoic Suxiong volcanic rocks along the western margin of the Yangtze Block. These volcanic rocks have variable εHf(T) values and Fe/Mn ra...High-precision major element and Hf isotope data are reported for the Neoproterozoic Suxiong volcanic rocks along the western margin of the Yangtze Block. These volcanic rocks have variable εHf(T) values and Fe/Mn ratios. The relatively primitive basalts have high Fe/Mn ratios and high Hf-Nd isotopic compositions, indicating that they were generated by partial melting of garnet clinopyroxene in mantle plume at high pressure. Thus, the Suxiong basalts are genetically related to the proposed Neoproterozoic super-plume. On the contrary, a few differentiated basalts have low Fe/Mn ratios and low Hf-Nd isotopic compositions. They are likely to experience assimilation-fractional crystallization process. The Suxiong rhyolites have consistent Hf and Nd model ages of 1.3―1.4 Ga. They are likely generated by shallow dehydration melting of pre-existing young arc igne-ous rocks associated with the basaltic underplating/intrusion in a continental rift.展开更多
The age of the alkali basalt from Daxizhuang in Jiaozhou, eastern Shandong, was determined to be 73.5±0.3 Ma by 40Ar-39Ar technique. The basalt gave high eNd(t) values of +7.5 and +7.6, suggesting that the primit...The age of the alkali basalt from Daxizhuang in Jiaozhou, eastern Shandong, was determined to be 73.5±0.3 Ma by 40Ar-39Ar technique. The basalt gave high eNd(t) values of +7.5 and +7.6, suggesting that the primitive magma was derived from depleted asthenospheric mantle with a formation depth of about 65—95 km. Spinel-lherzolite xenoliths have been discovered in the basalt. The Fo values of olivine from the xenoliths range from 88 to 89. The estimated equilibrium P-T conditions of spinel-lherzolite xenoliths are about 2.0 GPa and 1010—1140℃, suggesting an equilibrium depth of about 65 km. Geochemical characteristics of the Late Mesozoic (125—115 Ma) mantle-derived rocks in Shandong Province suggest an enriched lithospheric mantle along the southern margin of the North China block. However, geochemical characteristics of the Late Cretaceous basalts in Daxizhuang and the equilibrium P-T condition estimated from the xenoliths suggest that the lithosphere at 73 Ma ago was as thick as that of the Cenozoic in the region. Additionally, the xenoliths are rich in basaltic-component, suggesting a derivation from a newly-formed lithosphere. Therefor, lithospheric thinning took place at a time interval between about 120 and 73 Ma along the southern margin of the North China block.展开更多
文摘花岗岩与大地构造环境之间的关系是花岗岩研究的热门话题,许多人认为,利用地球化学标志可以判别花岗岩形成的大地构造环境。勿庸置疑,花岗岩构造环境判别方法是仿效玄武岩提出来的。因此,本文从回顾玄武岩构造环境判别开始,详细剖析了Pearce et al(1984b)和Barbalin(1999)关于花岗岩构造环境判别的研究成果,指出了花岗岩构造环境判别中存在的问题。我们认为,花岗岩地球化学性质主要反映的是花岗岩源区的性质和构造环境,而非花岗岩形成时的构造环境。本文按照全球花岗岩的分布将花岗岩分为产于大洋及其边缘(海岸)的、产于板块边缘和陆内与碰撞有关的和产于陆块内部的三类花岗岩。(1)产于大洋及其边缘(海岸)的花岗岩源于洋壳类型的玄武岩(MORB、IAT、OIB等),花岗岩具明显的地幔印记ε_(Nd)(t)同位素比值高,Sr同位素比值低),大体可以用现有的判别图判别其形成的构造环境。(2)与碰撞作用有关的花岗岩大多分布在陆块边缘,同碰撞和后碰撞指的是构造(变形)事件,与板块构造环境(洋脊、岛弧、洋岛、裂谷等)在概念上是不同的。区分同碰撞和碰撞后花岗岩不能单靠花岗岩的地球化学标志,也不能单靠花岗岩构造判别图,而应当从岩石组合和岩石性质两方面入手:碰撞有利于形成埃达克岩和(具低Sr低Yb特征的)淡色花岗岩;碰撞后的伸展背景有利于形成非常低Sr高Yb的A型花岗岩。(3)产于陆块内部的花岗岩其形成主要与地幔来源的热有关,花岗岩的地球化学性质主要决定于源岩及形成时的深度,与地表浅层构造作用和事件无关。研究表明,地球上只有大约10%的花岗岩可以探讨其形成的构造环境,20%左右的花岗岩需要研究它们与构造事件的关系(同碰撞或后碰撞),而约70%的产于陆壳上的花岗岩,既无从考虑其形成的构造环境,也无需研究其与构造事件的关系。�
基金supported by NSFC(Grant No.40421303)Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.KZCX3-SW-141 and GIGCX-04-06).
文摘High-precision major element and Hf isotope data are reported for the Neoproterozoic Suxiong volcanic rocks along the western margin of the Yangtze Block. These volcanic rocks have variable εHf(T) values and Fe/Mn ratios. The relatively primitive basalts have high Fe/Mn ratios and high Hf-Nd isotopic compositions, indicating that they were generated by partial melting of garnet clinopyroxene in mantle plume at high pressure. Thus, the Suxiong basalts are genetically related to the proposed Neoproterozoic super-plume. On the contrary, a few differentiated basalts have low Fe/Mn ratios and low Hf-Nd isotopic compositions. They are likely to experience assimilation-fractional crystallization process. The Suxiong rhyolites have consistent Hf and Nd model ages of 1.3―1.4 Ga. They are likely generated by shallow dehydration melting of pre-existing young arc igne-ous rocks associated with the basaltic underplating/intrusion in a continental rift.
基金This work was supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KZCX2-107).
文摘The age of the alkali basalt from Daxizhuang in Jiaozhou, eastern Shandong, was determined to be 73.5±0.3 Ma by 40Ar-39Ar technique. The basalt gave high eNd(t) values of +7.5 and +7.6, suggesting that the primitive magma was derived from depleted asthenospheric mantle with a formation depth of about 65—95 km. Spinel-lherzolite xenoliths have been discovered in the basalt. The Fo values of olivine from the xenoliths range from 88 to 89. The estimated equilibrium P-T conditions of spinel-lherzolite xenoliths are about 2.0 GPa and 1010—1140℃, suggesting an equilibrium depth of about 65 km. Geochemical characteristics of the Late Mesozoic (125—115 Ma) mantle-derived rocks in Shandong Province suggest an enriched lithospheric mantle along the southern margin of the North China block. However, geochemical characteristics of the Late Cretaceous basalts in Daxizhuang and the equilibrium P-T condition estimated from the xenoliths suggest that the lithosphere at 73 Ma ago was as thick as that of the Cenozoic in the region. Additionally, the xenoliths are rich in basaltic-component, suggesting a derivation from a newly-formed lithosphere. Therefor, lithospheric thinning took place at a time interval between about 120 and 73 Ma along the southern margin of the North China block.
