Thinopyrum elongatum （2n = 2x = 14, EE）, a wild relative of wheat, has been suggested as a potentially novel source of resistance to several major wheat diseases including Fusarium Head Blight （FHB）. In this study...Thinopyrum elongatum （2n = 2x = 14, EE）, a wild relative of wheat, has been suggested as a potentially novel source of resistance to several major wheat diseases including Fusarium Head Blight （FHB）. In this study, a series of wheat （cv. Chinese Spring, CS） substitution and ditelosomic lines, including Th. elongatum additions, were assessed for Type II resistance to FHB. Results indicated that the lines containing chromosome 7E of Th. elongatum gave a high level of resistance to FHB, wherein the infection did not spread beyond the inoculated floret. Furthermore, it was determined that the novel resistance gene（s） of 7E was located on the short-ann （7ES） based on sharp difference in FHB resistance between the two 7E ditelosomic lines for each arm. On the other hand, Th. elongatum chromosomes 5E and 6E likely contain gene（s） for susceptibility to FHB because the disease spreads rapidly within the inoculated spikes of these lines. Genomic in situ hybridization （GISH） analysis revealed that the alien chromosomes in the addition and substitution lines were intact, and the lines did not contain discernible genomic aberrations. GISH and multicolor-GISH analyses were further performed on three trans- location lines that also showed high levels of resistance to FHB. Lines TA3499 and TA3695 were shown to contain one pair of wheat-Th. elongatum translocated chromosomes involving fragments of 7D plus a segment of the 7E, while line TA3493 was found to contain one pair of wheat-Th, elongatum translocated chromosomes involving the D- and A-genome chromosomes of wheat. Thus, this study has established that the short-arm of chromosome 7E of Th. elongatum harbors gene（s） highly resistant to the spreading of FHB, and chromatin of 7E introgressed into wheat chromosomes largely retained the resistance, implicating the feasibility of using these lines as novel material for breeding FHB-resistant wheat cultivars.展开更多
为深入研究长穗偃麦草LBD基因家族中基因的结构与功能以及小麦与其近缘属的进化关系,以长穗偃麦草LBD(Lateral organ boundaries domain)基因家族为研究对象,生物信息学分析发现该基因家族含有32个成员,根据其结构域特征,可分为ClassⅠ...为深入研究长穗偃麦草LBD基因家族中基因的结构与功能以及小麦与其近缘属的进化关系,以长穗偃麦草LBD(Lateral organ boundaries domain)基因家族为研究对象,生物信息学分析发现该基因家族含有32个成员,根据其结构域特征,可分为ClassⅠ和ClassⅡ两个亚家族,ClassⅠ又可分为ⅠA、ⅠB、ⅠC、ⅠD和ⅠE,ClassⅡ可分为ⅡA和ⅡB;该基因家族的结构域、基因结构相对保守,不同成员之间具有相似的蛋白二级和三级结构。对32个基因的上游序列预测,发现基因上游序列中含有光响应、多种激素、逆境响应等顺式作用元件,说明LBD基因的表达受到光、激素、逆境等多种因素的诱导。与普通小麦、圆锥小麦、乌拉尔图小麦、粗山羊草、大麦进行共线性分析发现,Tel-2E-LBD2、Tel-3E-LBD4、Tel-4E-LBD1和Tel-4E-LBD6为长穗偃麦草特有的LBD基因,而其他28个LBD基因在进化中具有高度的保守性;在普通小麦、圆锥小麦、乌拉尔图小麦和大麦基因组中均发现第1、3部分同源群染色体上存在染色体间的片段重复;普通小麦、圆锥小麦和乌拉尔图小麦的A基因组中第4、5部分同源群染色体均有易位现象,同时,乌拉尔图小麦4A染色体上存在染色体内片段重复而在普通小麦和圆锥小麦的A基因组上发现第4部分同源群染色体内易位与倒位。展开更多
二倍体长穗偃麦草(Thinopyrum elongatum(Host) A. Löve,2n=2x=14,EE)具有抗病性强、耐盐碱、抗旱、多花多实等优异性状。为明确引进的小麦-长穗偃麦草后代种质系的染色体遗传组成,本研究综合利用原位杂交与分子标记技术结...二倍体长穗偃麦草(Thinopyrum elongatum(Host) A. Löve,2n=2x=14,EE)具有抗病性强、耐盐碱、抗旱、多花多实等优异性状。为明确引进的小麦-长穗偃麦草后代种质系的染色体遗传组成,本研究综合利用原位杂交与分子标记技术结合田间农艺性状对其进行鉴定。结果表明,16份小麦-长穗偃麦草种质系中,L20161461、L20161462两份材料是二体异附加系,分别附加6E和7E染色体;L20160940、L20160942、L20161457、L20161459四份材料是二体异代换系,分别是4E/4D、4E/4D、1E/1D、3E/3B;与中国春相比,L20160947的千粒重增幅57.02%,达到极显著水平;在2.2%NaCl溶液处理下,L20160940的耐盐性高于中国春。本研究为这些材料在小麦遗传改良中的进一步利用奠定了基础。展开更多
基金supported by the grant of the National High Technology Research and Development Program("863"Program)of China(No.2011AA100101)
文摘Thinopyrum elongatum （2n = 2x = 14, EE）, a wild relative of wheat, has been suggested as a potentially novel source of resistance to several major wheat diseases including Fusarium Head Blight （FHB）. In this study, a series of wheat （cv. Chinese Spring, CS） substitution and ditelosomic lines, including Th. elongatum additions, were assessed for Type II resistance to FHB. Results indicated that the lines containing chromosome 7E of Th. elongatum gave a high level of resistance to FHB, wherein the infection did not spread beyond the inoculated floret. Furthermore, it was determined that the novel resistance gene（s） of 7E was located on the short-ann （7ES） based on sharp difference in FHB resistance between the two 7E ditelosomic lines for each arm. On the other hand, Th. elongatum chromosomes 5E and 6E likely contain gene（s） for susceptibility to FHB because the disease spreads rapidly within the inoculated spikes of these lines. Genomic in situ hybridization （GISH） analysis revealed that the alien chromosomes in the addition and substitution lines were intact, and the lines did not contain discernible genomic aberrations. GISH and multicolor-GISH analyses were further performed on three trans- location lines that also showed high levels of resistance to FHB. Lines TA3499 and TA3695 were shown to contain one pair of wheat-Th. elongatum translocated chromosomes involving fragments of 7D plus a segment of the 7E, while line TA3493 was found to contain one pair of wheat-Th, elongatum translocated chromosomes involving the D- and A-genome chromosomes of wheat. Thus, this study has established that the short-arm of chromosome 7E of Th. elongatum harbors gene（s） highly resistant to the spreading of FHB, and chromatin of 7E introgressed into wheat chromosomes largely retained the resistance, implicating the feasibility of using these lines as novel material for breeding FHB-resistant wheat cultivars.
文摘为深入研究长穗偃麦草LBD基因家族中基因的结构与功能以及小麦与其近缘属的进化关系,以长穗偃麦草LBD(Lateral organ boundaries domain)基因家族为研究对象,生物信息学分析发现该基因家族含有32个成员,根据其结构域特征,可分为ClassⅠ和ClassⅡ两个亚家族,ClassⅠ又可分为ⅠA、ⅠB、ⅠC、ⅠD和ⅠE,ClassⅡ可分为ⅡA和ⅡB;该基因家族的结构域、基因结构相对保守,不同成员之间具有相似的蛋白二级和三级结构。对32个基因的上游序列预测,发现基因上游序列中含有光响应、多种激素、逆境响应等顺式作用元件,说明LBD基因的表达受到光、激素、逆境等多种因素的诱导。与普通小麦、圆锥小麦、乌拉尔图小麦、粗山羊草、大麦进行共线性分析发现,Tel-2E-LBD2、Tel-3E-LBD4、Tel-4E-LBD1和Tel-4E-LBD6为长穗偃麦草特有的LBD基因,而其他28个LBD基因在进化中具有高度的保守性;在普通小麦、圆锥小麦、乌拉尔图小麦和大麦基因组中均发现第1、3部分同源群染色体上存在染色体间的片段重复;普通小麦、圆锥小麦和乌拉尔图小麦的A基因组中第4、5部分同源群染色体均有易位现象,同时,乌拉尔图小麦4A染色体上存在染色体内片段重复而在普通小麦和圆锥小麦的A基因组上发现第4部分同源群染色体内易位与倒位。
文摘二倍体长穗偃麦草(Thinopyrum elongatum(Host) A. Löve,2n=2x=14,EE)具有抗病性强、耐盐碱、抗旱、多花多实等优异性状。为明确引进的小麦-长穗偃麦草后代种质系的染色体遗传组成,本研究综合利用原位杂交与分子标记技术结合田间农艺性状对其进行鉴定。结果表明,16份小麦-长穗偃麦草种质系中,L20161461、L20161462两份材料是二体异附加系,分别附加6E和7E染色体;L20160940、L20160942、L20161457、L20161459四份材料是二体异代换系,分别是4E/4D、4E/4D、1E/1D、3E/3B;与中国春相比,L20160947的千粒重增幅57.02%,达到极显著水平;在2.2%NaCl溶液处理下,L20160940的耐盐性高于中国春。本研究为这些材料在小麦遗传改良中的进一步利用奠定了基础。
